THE INFLUENCE OF FAMILY BACKGROUND ON JUVENILE DELINQUENCY AT

BARANGAY CALAOCAN, SANTIAGO CITY, ISABELA

______________________________________________________________

A Thesis

Presented to the Faculty of the

College of Criminology

NORTHEASTERN COLLEGE

Villasis, Santiago City

______________________________________________________________

In Partial Fulfillment

Of the Requirements for the Degree

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CRIMINOLOGY

______________________________________________________________

By

JANNELE A. BACLAO

FROILAN N. DOMINGO JR.

GLAIZA MARIZ B. GAUNIA

HAINA T. QUINES

CHRISTIAN KELLY O. TIZON

May 2025

i
 APPROVAL SHEET
This Thesis hereto entitled:

THE INFLUENCE OF FAMILY BACKGROUND ON JUVENILE DELINQUENCY AT

prepared and submitted by Jannele A. Baclao, Froilan N. Domingo Jr., Glaiza Mariz B. Gaunia,
Haina T. Quines, Christian Kelly O. Tizon, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
degree of Bachelor of Science in Criminology, has been examined and is recommended for
acceptance and approval for ORAL EXAMINATION.

GERALD J. MANAO, RCRIM, LPT

Approved by the Committee on Oral Examination with a grade of PASSED on

ELVIS A. GALASINAO, JR. MALL

REJOICE C. HONRADO, PHD

KEISHA MAE G. TACACA, LPT

Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in
Criminology.

WILLIAM C. DELA CRUZ, JR., MSCJ

ii
College of Criminology
STATEMENT OF ORIGINAL AUTHORSHIP

We declare that this is original work based primarily on our own research and warrant that all

citations of previous research, published or unpublished, have been duly acknowledged.

Moreover, we declare that our submitted work has been subject to checks for academic

misconduct, including plagiarism and unfair use of AI.

Signed:

JANNELE A. BACLAO

FROILAN N. DOMINGO JR.

GLAIZA MARIZ B. GAUNIA

HAINA T. QUINES

CHRISTIAN KELLY O. TIZON

iii
 COPYRIGHT CONSENT FORM

We hereby grant the College of Criminology, Northeastern College, the royalty-free, non-

exclusive license to manage and archive the work(s) identified below through the softcopy and

hard-bound manuscript, subject to the provisions of applicable laws.

Title of work: THE INFLUENCE OF FAMILY BACKGROUND ON JUVENILE

DELINQUENCY AT BARANGAY CALAOCAN, SANTIAGO CITY, ISABELA

By signing below, I/we confirm my/our acceptance of this consent.

Signed:

JANNELE A. BACLAO

FROILAN N. DOMINGO JR.

GLAIZA MARIZ B. GAUNIA

HAINA T. QUINES

CHRISTIAN KELLY O. TIZON

Privacy notice: The information that you provide on this form is collected pursuant to Republic

Act 10173, the Data Privacy Act of 2012. The COC will use this information to retain the work

iv
that you submitted. The personal information that you provide will be kept permanently by the

COC and will not be published without your permission.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Despite the challenges, trials, hardships, and sacrifices encountered during the study, our

dreams became a reality. The researchers want to express their heartfelt gratitude to the people

who provided support during the study.

Wholehearted thanks are expressed to Mr. Gerald J. Manao, our research adviser, for his

suggestions and cheerful motivation to complete this work.

A deep sense of gratitude was likewise expressed to our panel for their supportive

attitude, noble guidance, encouragement, and thorough review of the refinement of this

manuscript. The researchers acknowledge the respondents for their cooperation and participation

in our study. With them, our research was accomplished.

Profound gratitude also goes to our parents and siblings, who prayed to God for our

successful completion of this study and good health.

Above all, to Almighty God, for His abundant blessings and incomparable love. To God

is the Glory!

v
 DEDICATION

Through the researchers’ effort, this work is heartily and proudly dedicated to the people

who serve as inspiration. These include parents and guardians who gave their unwavering

support and never-ending inspiration. They are the ones who provided the resources needed to

make this study.

This study is dedicated to our classmates and circle of friends who extended their help in

the midst of problems while doing this work. It is also dedicated to the teachers who made this

research possible by guiding the researchers to complete it. To the school that gave the

researchers the opportunity to nurture, test, and cooperate to build this study.

Above all, we thank our God Almighty, who showered us with His blessings in our

everyday lives, especially for the strength, courage, patience, wisdom, time, and guidance we

needed to realize this work.

vi
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE………………………………………………………………………..………….. i

APPROVAL SHEET…………………………………………………………………….……… ii

STATEMENT OF ORIGINAL AUTHORSHIP………………………………..….….…………iii

COPYRIGHT CONSENT FORM…………………………………………………….…………iv

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS………………………………………………………….…………….v

DEDICATION……………………………………………………………………….…………..vi

ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………………...………...vii

TABLE OF CONTENTS………………………………………………………….…….………vii

LIST OF FIGURES………………….……………………………………………….....……......xi

ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………….....…..…......xii

I. THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………...1

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM……………………………………………………...4

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY……………………………………….………………...4

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY……………………………………………………...5

vii
 SCOPE AND DELIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY…………………………...………...6

DEFINITION OF TERMS………………………………………………………..……...7

II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

GLOBAL CHALLENGES OF SOCIETY ON CHILD IN CONFLICT WITH THE

LAW………………………...………………………………………………….....……...11

PHILIPPINES STATUS IN COMBATING DELINQUENCY……………………...

…...13

THE MOST COMMON JUVENILE DELINQUENT ACTS……………………...

….....14

INFLUENCE OF FAMILY IN THE PREVALENCE OF JUVENILE

MISBEHAVIOR...18

JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM…………………………………………………...

….....20

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK…………………………………………………...…..22

III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH DESIGN………………………………….........................………..……...25

RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY………………………....................………..……...25

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE…………………………….........................………..……...26

RESEARCH LOCALE………………………........................................………..……...27

viii
 RESEARCH INSTRUMENT………………………..............................………..……...28

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE………………………...........................…..……...28

ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS…...………………………...........................…..……...29

TREATMENT OF DATA………………………………..……….........................……...30

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND………………..…………............................……...32

FAMILY CATEGORY…………….………………..…………............................……...33

THE INFLUENCE OF PARENTING STYLE ON JUVENILE DELINQUENCY…….34

INFLUENCE OF ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ON JUVENILE DELINQUENCY……

37

THE INFLUENCE OF FAMILY STABILITY ON JUVENILE

DELINQUENCY……..40

V. SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

SUMMARY………………………………………………………..........................……44

CONCLUSION………………………...…………………………..........................……45

RECOMMENDATIONS…………………………………………..........................……45

VI. BIBLIOGRAPHY………………………...………………………….........................…….47

VII. APPENDICES

REQUEST FOR THESIS ADVISER………………………...……........................…….49

ix
 REQUEST FOR ENGLISH CRITIC………………………....……........................…….50

APPLICATION TO START THE CONDUCT OF THE

STUDY………………………..51

PERMIT TO CONDUCT THE STUDY………………………....……...................

…….52

CERTIFICATION OF ENGLISH CRITIC………………………....................................53

PROPOSAL DEFENSE

DOCUMENTATION………………………..............................54

DATA GATHERING

DOCUMENTATION………………………...................................55

FINAL DEFENSE DOCUMENTATION………………………................................…..56

INTERVIEW GUIDE QUESTIONS……..................................………………………...57

VIII. CURRICULUM VITAE

x
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Map of Barangay Calaocan, Santiago City Isabela………………….…………...

……..27

xi
 ABSTRACT

This paper aimed to determine the influence of family background on juvenile

delinquency at Barangay Calaocan, Santiago City, Isabela. To achieve this goal, the researchers

employed a phenomenological research design. The study’s results revealed that in terms of

parenting style, participants noted that physical punishment led them to seek companionship

outside the home. Moreover, one factor that affected participants’ behavior was the inconsistency

of parental discipline. In some cases, the absence of parental care led to delinquency. Finally,

others admitted that harsh punishment pushed them towards rebellion. Next, the results of the

study showed that economic conditions influenced delinquency. The influence of family

financial status on delinquency is evident in the experiences shared by the participants, as

xii
financial strain appears to be a significant factor contributing to their engagement in criminal

behavior. Lastly, family stability influenced delinquency. Many participants shared that unstable

family dynamics, whether due to absent parents, financial struggles, or harsh discipline, played a

major role in their behavior. In conclusion, this research showed that while participants had

various experiences with factors influencing delinquency, they noted that parenting style,

economic conditions, and family stability played a role in shaping their behaviors.

The study is significant to the family of minors who are engaged in delinquent acts. As

pointed out by the results of the study, this research underscores how crucial families are in

preventing juvenile delinquency, and this research study may enlighten them on the effects of

family background on the occurrence of status offenses.

xiii