Piesa003 1
Piesa003 1
1. Copyright
This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the
complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright
agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRANET
SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT
be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so
would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules.
2. Indemnity
The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any damage whatsoever
than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein,
irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof.
SPECIFICATION
Part 1: Cables
This Specification is
issued by SAD-ELEC
on behalf of the
User Group given in the Foreword
and is not a standard as contemplated in the Standards Act, 1993 (Act 29 of 1993).
COPYRIGHT RESERVED
1 PIESA 003-1:2001
Contents
Page
Foreword .............................................................................................................................. 2
Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 4
1 Scope .............................................................................................................................. 5
4 Requirements .................................................................................................................. 7
5 Tests ………………………………………………………………………………………… 14
6 Sealing/packing/marking ................................................................................................. 14
Annexes
PIESA 003-1:2001 2
Foreword
The Power Institute for East and Southern Africa (PIESA) is a regional power utility association
established in 1998 to co-ordinate information, technology and resource sharing in the specialized
areas of:
b) applied research;
c) standardization;
The PIESA primarily aims to develop technological capacity in the region’s distribution network by
promoting a spirit of resource sharing. Membership of the PIESA is open to national electric power
utilities in East and Southern Africa that wish to participate in the sustainable development of power
systems in these areas.
This part of PIESA 003 has been prepared on behalf of the Standardization Working Group of the
PIESA and approved by the Board of the PIESA for use by supply authorities in the East and Southern
African region.
This part of PIESA 003 was prepared by a Task Force comprising the following members:
The Task Force was appointed by the PIESA’s Standardization Working Group, which comprised the
following members:
3 PIESA 003-1:2001
This part of PIESA 003 was accepted by the standardization working group and approved by the
PIESA Board, which at the time of approval of this part of PIESA 003, comprised the following
members:
Part 1: Cables
Part 2: Accessories
Part 3: Application guide
PIESA 003-1:2001 4
Introduction
This specification was prepared to establish and promote uniform requirements for low-voltage cables
and accessories for underground electrical distribution, to enable purchasers to acquire the specified
equipment without the need for detailed and extensive contract documents.
While it has not been considered practical to select preferred conductor sizes for use in the region, in
order to achieve the benefits of standardization, each utility should consider standardizing on a
minimum range of conductor types and sizes that is applicable to their own needs. Such
rationalization within the utility could lead to a reduction in the stockholding costs of cables and
accessories.
The PIESA Board expresses the wish that, in the common interest of electricity utilities in the East and
Southern African region, all purchasers will adopt the recommendations of this part of PIESA 003
insofar as their particular conditions will permit, and that the use of any conflicting specification be
discontinued. Any differences between the requirements of this specification and the purchaser’s
requirements should, as far as possible, be clearly indicated in schedules A and B. These schedules
may be compiled using the model schedules set out in annex B attached to this specification and
should, where appropriate, be submitted for consideration in future revisions of this specification.
Key words
Armour; Cables; Distribution; Electricity distribution; Insulation; Low-voltage; PVC; Specification;
Testing.
This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.
5 PIESA 003-1:2001
SPECIFICATION
Part 1: Cables
1 Scope
This part of PIESA 003 specifies the requirements for the constructionand testing of the following low-
voltage cables used for underground electrical distribution:
b) PVC insulated, steel wire armoured, two-, three- and four-core copper cables.
Accessories for these cables are detailed in Part 2 of Piesa 003 and the selection, handling and
installation of cable and accessories are covered in Part 3 of Piesa 003.
NOTE Cables for special applications such as petrochemical plants, power stations and underground mines are not
covered in this standard.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions that, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this part of PIESA 003. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards and
specifications are subject to revision, and parties to purchasing agreements based on this part of
PIESA 003 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the
documents listed below. Information on currently valid national and international standards and
specifications can be obtained from the appropriate National Standards Organization.
BS 6346: 1997, 600/1000 V and 1900/3300 V armoured electric cables having PVC insulation.
IEC 60811-1-1: 1993, Common test methods for insulating and sheathing materials of electric cables –
Part 1: Methods for general application – Section 1: Measurement of thickness and overall dimensions
– Tests for determining the mechanical properties.
SABS 1507-3: 2001, Electric cables with extruded solid dielectric insulation for fixed installations
(300/500 V to 1 900/3 300 V – Part 3: PVC Distribution cables.(in course of preparation).
This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.
PIESA 003-1:2001 6
3 Definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
3.1.1 armour: A layer of wires applied to a cable to provide mechanical protection or earth
continuity, or both.
3.1.2 bedding: A layer of extruded compound applied to a cable to form a circular base beneath the
armour in order to prevent damage to the insulation by the armour.
3.1.3 cable: A length of one or more cores with an overall protective covering.
3.1.6 direction of lay: The lateral direction of inclination to the axis (either left or right hand) of the
receding helix formed by a wire or a core in a cable.
3.1.7 filler: A material filling the interstices of the cores of a multicore cable.
3.1.8 operating voltage: The operating voltage of a cable is defined by the relationship (U0 / U),
where U0 is the power frequency r.m.s. voltage between phase and neutral or earth, and U is the
power frequency r.m.s. voltage between phases .
3.1.10 routine test: A test made by the manufacturer on each manufactured length of cable to
check that each length meets the specified requirements.
3.1.11 sample test: A test made by the manufacturer on samples of completed cable or
components taken from a completed cable at a specified frequency, so as to verify that the finished
product meets the specified requirements.
3.1.12 type test: A test made before supplying, on a general commercial basis, a type of cable
covered by this standard in order to demonstrate satisfactory performance characteristics to meet the
intended application. The test is of such a nature that, after it has been successfully completed, it need
not be repeated unless changes are made in the cable materials or design or manufacturing process
that might change the performance characteristics.
3.2 Abbreviations
7 PIESA 003-1:2001
4 Requirements
4.2.1 Conductors
Conductors shall be stranded annealed copper, class 2 in accordance with IEC 60228, and shall be
either circular, circular compacted or shaped compacted as specified in tables 2 to 5 of this
specification.
4.2.2 Insulation
4.2.2.1 General
Insulation shall be PVC in accordance with the requirements of BS 6346 or SABS 1507-3 and shall be
applied by extrusion to form a compact and homogeneous layer.
The average thickness of the insulation, when determined in accordance with IEC 60811-1-1, shall not
be less than the nominal value given in tables 2 to 5, as appropriate, and the smallest of the measured
values shall not fall below the nominal value by more than (10 % + 0,1 mm).
Cores shall be identified by colouring either throughout the insulation material or by the use of skin
colouring. Colours of two-, three- and four-core cables shall be in accordance with table 1.
1 2
NOTE In all cases Black shall be used only for Neutral and Green/Yellow for Earth
4.2.3 Laying-up
Cores shall be laid up with a right hand lay, in the sequence indicated in column 2 of table 1.
This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.
PIESA 003-1:2001 8
4.2.4 Bedding
Bedding for single-core and multicore cables shall comprise an extruded layer of polymeric material,
compatible with the underlying insulation and suitable for use at the operating temperature of the
cable. The bedding shall not adhere to the underlying cores.
The average thickness of the bedding, when determined in accordance with IEC 60811-1-1, shall not
be less than the nominal value given in tables 2 to 5, as appropriate, and the smallest of the measured
values shall not fall below the nominal value by more than (20 % + 0,2 mm).
4.2.5 Armour
4.2.5.1 General
Armour for single-core cables shall comprise a single layer of circular aluminium wires and for
multicore cables shall comprise a single layer of circular galvanized steel wires. The armour wires
shall be applied helically with a left-hand lay, and shall comply fully with the requirements of BS 6346
or SABS 1507-3.
4.2.6.1 General
The outer sheath of the cable shall comprise an extruded layer of BLACK PVC in accordance with the
requirements of BS 6346 or SABS 1507-3
4.2.6.2 Thickness
The average thickness of the outer sheath, when determined in accordance with IEC 60811-1-1, shall
be not less than the nominal value given in tables 2 to 5, as appropriate, and the smallest of the
measured values shall not fall below the nominal value by more than (20 % + 0,2 mm).
4.2.6.3 Marking
The external surface of the cable shall be legibly embossed with the following information on two lines
running parallel to the length of the cable, approximately equally spaced around the circumference of
the cable.
For example, for a 4-core, 95 mm2, PVC insulated cable, the legend would read as follows:
NOTE The bedding material is not included in the PVC/SWA/PVC naming convention.
In addition, the cable shall be sequentially marked, by indelible printing, indenting or other suitable
means, at 1 m intervals, to indicate the approximate length of cable remaining on the drum. The
This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.
9 PIESA 003-1:2001
numbers shall start with 001, 1 m from the inner end of the cable and continue every metre to the
outer end.
Table 2 – Single-core 600/1 000 V cables with circular stranded copper conductor, PVC
insulation, aluminium wire armouring and PVC outer sheath
1 2 3 4 5 6
Conductor Insulation Bedding Diameter of Outer sheath Approximate
size thickness thickness armour wires thickness cable O/D
mm2 mm mm mm mm mm
PIESA 003-1:2001 10
Table 3 – Two-core 600/1 000 V cables with circular or shaped stranded copper conductors,
PVC insulation, galvanized steel wire armour and PVC outer sheath
1 2 3 4 5 6
Conductor Insulation Bedding Diameter of Outer sheath Approximate
size thickness thickness armour wires thickness cable O/D
mm2 mm mm mm mm mm
Circular
Shaped
11 PIESA 003-1:2001
Table 4 – Three-core 600/1 000 V cables with circular or shaped stranded copper conductors,
PVC insulation, galvanized steel wire armour and PVC outer sheath
1 2 3 4 5 6
Conductor Insulation Bedding Diameter of Outer sheath Approximate
size thickness thickness armour wires thickness cable O/D
mm2 mm mm mm mm mm
Circular
Shaped
PIESA 003-1:2001 12
Table 5 – Four-core 600/1 000 V cables with circular or shaped stranded copper conductors,
PVC insulation, galvanized steel wire armour and PVC outer sheath
1 2 3 4 5 6
Conductor Insulation Bedding Diameter of Outer sheath Approximate
size thickness thickness armour wires thickness cable O/D
mm2 mm mm mm mm mm
Circular
Shaped
13 PIESA 003-1:2001
Table 6 – Maximum resistance of aluminium wire armour,
single-core cables in accordance with table 2
1 2
Conductor size Maximum resistance
mm2 Ω/km at 20 °C
50 0,82
70 0,73
95 0,64
120 0,45
150 0,40
185 0,37
240 0,33
300 0,30
400 0,21
1 2 3 4
Conductor size Maximum resistance of galvanized steel wire armour
2-core 3-core 4-core
mm2 Ω/km at 20 C °
Ω/km at 20 C °
Ω/km at 20 °C
Circular
4 7,5 7,0 4,6
6 6,8 4,6 4,1
10 3,9 3,7 3,4
16 3,4 3,1 2,2
Shaped
25 2,6 2,4 2,1
35 2,4 2,1 1,9
50 2,1 1,9 1,3
70 1,9 1,4 1,2
95 1,3 1,2 0,98
120 1,2 1,1 0,71
150 1,1 0,74 0,65
185 0,78 0,68 0,59
240 0,69 0,60 0,52
300 0,63 0,54 0,47
This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.
PIESA 003-1:2001 14
5 Tests
Cables shall be tested in accordance with the requirements given in BS 6346 or SABS 1507-3.
Tests shall be carried out by the manufacturer at the manufacturer’s works. All tests designated (R),
Routine tests, and (S), Sample tests, shall be performed as specified. Tests designated (T), Type
tests, need not be performed if a Type Approval Test Certificate, demonstrating full compliance with
the specification for the type of cable in question, can be produced. Any Type Approval Test shall
have been carried out by SABS or other accredited testing laboratories, or witnessed and approved by
a representative of such a testing laboratory.
6 Sealing/packing/marking
6.1 Sealing
Before despatch, the ends of the cable shall be sealed with suitable end caps to prevent the ingress of
water during transportation and storage.
6.2 Packing
Cables shall be wound on to non-returnable wooden drums, close battened to prevent damage during
transportation or storage.
When specified by the purchaser, the wood shall be treated to resist biological attack.
6.3.1 Each drum shall be legibly and indelibly marked with the following information:
j) An arrow and the words ROLL THIS WAY on each flange of the drum to indicate in which direction
the drum shall be rolled or rotated in order to prevent the cable from unwinding. d) A capital letter “T”
approximately 50 mm high surrounded by a circle with an approximate outside diameter of 65 mm, if
the wood has been treated to resist biological attack.
6.3.2 The following information shall be printed on a suitable label. This label shall be firmly attached
to one of the flanges of the drum.
15 PIESA 003-1:2001
c) The rated voltage of the cable ― 600/1 000 V;
PIESA 003-1:2001 16
Annex A
(informative)
A.1 General
A model form is given in annex B to provide the purchaser with a convenient aid to purchasing. The
use of annex B is intended to obviate the need for preparing a detailed technical specification.
The purchaser need only specify compliance with PIESA 003-1 and provide the tenderers with details
of his particular requirements, and set out the information he requires the tenderer to provide, as
indicated below.
A.2 Schedules
The model form in annex B provides the purchaser with examples of a schedule A and a schedule B.
In his enquiry, the purchaser should provide his own schedule A and schedule B, based on these
examples.
NOTE It may be necessary to provide a separate model form for each of the sizes or types of cables required.
A.2.1 Schedule A
Schedule A lists the requirements to be specified by the purchaser in enquiries and orders. These
requirements include references to the relevant subclauses in the specification, to assist in compiling
the schedules.
Where the text of any referenced standards stipulate that the purchaser must indicate his
requirements, these requirements should also be specified in schedule A.
The purchaser should set out his particular requirements and choices in his own schedule A.
A.2.2 Schedule B
The purchaser will draw up his own schedule B (based on the schedule B in the model form), and
require the tenderer to fill in the schedule. By doing this, the tenderer will state compliance with this
Part of PIESA 003 and provide the information the purchaser has requested.
It is recommended that the purchaser states that all drawings, transparencies and samples submitted
by tenderers shall become the property of the purchaser.
This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.
17 PIESA 003-1:2001
Annex A
(concluded)
A.5 Testing
Attention should be paid to the subject of testing and the related costs. Tests should be carried out by
a competent party and tenderers should be requested to provide assurances on this point. Price
schedules should be so drawn up and covering letters so worded that the costs of all services such as
tests, delivery and spares are declared and allowed for in the tender.
Before type tests and routine tests are carried out on samples, the number of samples used and the
frequency of sampling should be agreed upon with the supplier.
PIESA 003-1:2001 18
Annex B
(informative)
Type of cable
2 Table 2 a) Single-core armoured cable in Yes/No xxxxxxxxxx
accordance with table 2
Conductor size mm2 ___________ ___________
Quantity m ___________ ___________
Packing
6 6.2 Treat drum wood to resist biological attack Yes/No xxxxxxxxxx
This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.
19 PIESA 003-1:2001
Bibliography
The following document was a source of reference in the compilation of this specification. Although it
does not form an integral part of this specification, it is referenced for further information: