Question ID b64e2c7f

Question ID b64e2c7f
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: b64e2c7f

Monarch butterflies can fly only with a body temperature of at least . If a monarch

butterfly's body temperature is , what is the minimum increase needed in its body temperature, in , so that it
can fly?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b64e2c7f Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

55.0 degrees Fahrenheit (°F). Let 𝑥 represent the minimum increase needed in the monarch butterfly's body
Choice B is correct. It's given that monarch butterflies can fly only with a body temperature of at least

temperature to fly. If the monarch butterfly's body temperature is 51.3°F, the inequality 51.3 + 𝑥 ≥ 55.0 represents this
situation. Subtracting 51.3 from both sides of this inequality yields 𝑥 ≥ 3.7. Therefore, if the monarch butterfly's body
temperature is 51.3°F, the minimum increase needed in its body temperature, in °F, so that it can fly is 3.7.

temperature is 53.7°F, not 51.3°F.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the minimum increase needed in body temperature if the monarch butterfly's body

temperature is 50.0°F, not 51.3°F.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the minimum increase needed in body temperature if the monarch butterfly's body

temperature is 48.7°F, not 51.3°F.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the minimum increase needed in body temperature if the monarch butterfly's body

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 4b76c7f1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Systems of two

linear equations in
two variables

ID: 4b76c7f1

In the given system of equations, a is a constant. If the system has infinitely

many solutions, what is the value of a ?

A. 4

B. 9

C. 36

D. 54

ID: 4b76c7f1 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. A system of two linear equations has infinitely many solutions if one equation is equivalent to the
other. This means that when the two equations are written in the same form, each coefficient or constant in one
equation is equal to the corresponding coefficient or constant in the other equation multiplied by the same number. The
equations in the given system of equations are written in the same form, with x and y on the left-hand side of the
equation and a constant on the right-hand side of the equation. The coefficients of x and y in the second equation are
equal to the coefficients of x and y, respectively, in the first equation multiplied by 4: and . Therefore,
the constant in the second equation must be equal to 4 times the constant in the first equation: , or .

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. When , , or , the given system of equations has no solution.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 8c515062
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 8c515062

A candle is made of ounces of wax. When the candle is burning, the amount of wax in the candle decreases by
ounce every hours. If ounces of wax remain in this candle, for how many hours has it been burning?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 8c515062 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that the candle starts with 17 ounces of wax and has 6 ounces of wax remaining after a

the remaining amount of wax from the amount of wax the candle was made of, which yields 17 − 6 ounces, or 11
period of time has passed. The amount of wax the candle has lost during the time period can be found by subtracting

ounces. This means the candle loses 11 ounces of wax during that period of time. It’s given that the amount of wax
decreases by 1 ounce every 4 hours. If ℎ represents the number of hours the candle has been burning, it follows that
1 11
= . Multiplying both sides of this equation by 4ℎ yields ℎ = 44. Therefore, the candle has been burning for 44 hours.
4 ℎ
1 ℎ 1 11
= rather than =
4 11 4 ℎ
Choice A is incorrect and may result from using the equation to represent the situation, and
then rounding to the nearest whole number.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the amount of wax, in ounces, remaining in the candle, not the number of hours it has been
burning.

1 6 1 11
= rather than =
4 ℎ 4 ℎ
Choice C is incorrect and may result from using the equation to represent the situation.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 6fa593f1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

one variable

ID: 6fa593f1

If , what is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 6fa593f1 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given that 𝑥 = 40. Adding 6 to both sides of this equation yields 𝑥 + 6 = 40 + 6, or 𝑥 + 6 = 46.
Therefore, the value of 𝑥 + 6 is 46.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥 − 6, not 𝑥 + 6. Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥, not 𝑥 + 6.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥 + 24, not 𝑥 + 6.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID a73a5c22
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear functions

ID: a73a5c22

The function is defined by . What is the value of when ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a73a5c22 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The value of 𝑔(𝑥) when 𝑥 = 8 can be found by substituting 8 for 𝑥 in the given equation
𝑔(𝑥) = 10𝑥 + 8. This yields 𝑔(8) = 10(8) + 8, or 𝑔(8) = 88. Therefore, when 𝑥 = 8, the value of 𝑔(𝑥) is 88.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of 𝑥 when 𝑔(𝑥) = 8, rather than the value of 𝑔(𝑥) when 𝑥 = 8.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID d0a7871e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: d0a7871e

If is a solution to the system of equations above, which of the

following could be the value of x ?

A. –1

B. 0

C. 2

D. 3

ID: d0a7871e Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It is given that y = x + 1 and y = x2 + x. Setting the values for y equal to each other yields x + 1 = x2 +
x. Subtracting x from each side of this equation yields x2 = 1. Therefore, x can equal 1 or –1. Of these, only –1 is given
as a choice.

Choice B is incorrect. If x = 0, then x + 1 = 1, but x2 + x = 02 + 0 = 0 ≠ 1. Choice C is incorrect. If x = 2, then x + 1 = 3, but

x2 + x = 22 + 2 = 6 ≠ 3. Choice D is incorrect. If x = 3, then x + 1 = 4, but x2 + x = 32 + 3 = 12 ≠ 4.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 72ebc024
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Equivalent

expressions

ID: 72ebc024

Which expression is equivalent to ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 72ebc024 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Since 2𝑥𝑦 is a common factor of each term in the given expression, the expression can be rewritten
as 2𝑥𝑦(8𝑥2 𝑦 + 7).

Choice A is incorrect. This expression is equivalent to 16𝑥2 𝑦2 + 14𝑥𝑦.

Choice C is incorrect. This expression is equivalent to 28𝑥3 𝑦2 + 14𝑥𝑦.

Choice D is incorrect. This expression is equivalent to 112𝑥3 𝑦2 + 14𝑥𝑦.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID dd4ab4c4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Equivalent

expressions

ID: dd4ab4c4

Which of the following is a factor of

the polynomial above?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: dd4ab4c4 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The first and last terms of the polynomial are both squares such that and

. The second term is twice the product of the square root of the first and last terms: .

Therefore, the polynomial is the square of a binomial such that , and is a

factor.

Choice A is incorrect and may be the result of incorrectly factoring the polynomial. Choice C is incorrect and may be the
result of dividing the second and third terms of the polynomial by their greatest common factor. Choice D is incorrect
and may be the result of not factoring the coefficients.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID b8caaf84
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Equivalent

expressions

ID: b8caaf84

If and , which of the following is

equivalent to ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b8caaf84 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that and . Substituting the values for p and v into the expression
yields . Multiplying the terms yields

. Using the distributive property to rewrite yields . Therefore, the entire

expression can be represented as . Combining like terms yields .

Choice A is incorrect and may result from subtracting, instead of adding, the term . Choice C is incorrect. This is
the result of multiplying the terms . Choice D is incorrect and may result from distributing 2, instead of
, to the term .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 7f81d0c3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Advanced Math Nonlinear equations

in one variable and
systems of
equations in two
variables

ID: 7f81d0c3

What values satisfy the

equation above?

A. and

B. and

C. and

D. and

ID: 7f81d0c3 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. Using the quadratic formula to solve the given expression yields

. Therefore, and satisfy the given

equation.

Choices A and B are incorrect and may result from incorrectly factoring or incorrectly applying the quadratic formula.
Choice D is incorrect and may result from a sign error.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 954943a4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages

and Data Analysis

ID: 954943a4

Jennifer bought a box of Crunchy Grain cereal. The nutrition facts on the box

state that a serving size of the cereal is cup and provides 210 calories, 50
of which are calories from fat. In addition, each serving of the cereal provides
180 milligrams of potassium, which is 5% of the daily allowance for adults. If p
percent of an adult’s daily allowance of potassium is provided by x servings of
Crunchy Grain cereal per day, which of the following expresses p in terms of x ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 954943a4 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that each serving of Crunchy Grain cereal provides 5% of an adult’s daily allowance of
potassium, so x servings would provide x times 5%. The percentage of an adult’s daily allowance of potassium, p, is 5
times the number of servings, x. Therefore, the percentage of an adult’s daily allowance of potassium can be expressed
as .

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect and may result from incorrectly converting 5% to its decimal equivalent, which isn’t
necessary since p is expressed as a percentage. Additionally, choices C and D are incorrect because the context should
be represented by a linear relationship, not by an exponential relationship.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 1baffbcf
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Percentages

and Data Analysis

ID: 1baffbcf

The expression represents the result of decreasing a positive quantity by what percent?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 1baffbcf Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Let 𝑛 % represent the percent by which the positive quantity 𝑥 is decreased to result in 0.35𝑥. The
𝑛
value of 𝑛 can be found by solving the equation 𝑥 − ( )𝑥 = 0.35𝑥. Since 𝑥 is a common factor of each of the terms on
100
𝑛
the left-hand side of this equation, the equation can be rewritten as 𝑥(1 − ) = 0.35𝑥. Dividing each side of this
100
𝑛
equation by 𝑥 yields 1 − = 0.35. Multiplying each side of this equation by 100 yields 100 − 𝑛 = 35. Subtracting 100
100
from each side of this equation yields − 𝑛 = − 65. Dividing each side of this equation by − 1 yields 𝑛 = 65. Therefore,
the expression 0.35𝑥 represents the result of decreasing the positive quantity 𝑥 by 65 % .

Choice A is incorrect. Decreasing the quantity 𝑥 by 3.5 % yields 𝑥 − 0.035𝑥, or 0.965𝑥, not 0.35𝑥.

Choice B is incorrect. Decreasing the quantity 𝑥 by 35 % yields 𝑥 − 0.35𝑥, or 0.65𝑥, not 0.35𝑥.

Choice C is incorrect. Decreasing the quantity 𝑥 by 6.5 % yields 𝑥 − 0.065𝑥, or 0.935𝑥, not 0.35𝑥.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID a5b069b4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving One-variable data:

and Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: a5b069b4

, , , , , , , What is the median of the data set shown?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: a5b069b4 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

or descending order, the median is between the two middle values. The given data set contains 8 values. When listed in
Choice B is correct. If a data set contains an even number of data values, when the data values are listed in ascending

ascending order, the data set is 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 10, 18 and the two middle values are 5 and 5. Since the two middle values
are the same, the median must be 5.

Choice A is incorrect. This value is between the two middle values in the list shown, not the two middle values when the
data values are listed in ascending or descending order.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the mean, not the median, of the data set.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the range, not the median, of the data set.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID b1b5300b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Probability and

and Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: b1b5300b
Prices of 14 Different Cars
Priced at no more Priced greater
Type of car Total
than $25,000 than $25,000

Nonhybrid 5 3 8

Hybrid 2 4 6

Total 7 7 14

The table above shows information about 14 cars listed for sale on an auto dealership’s website. If one
of the cars listed for sale is selected at random, what is the probability that the car selected will be a
hybrid car priced at no more than $25,000 ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: b1b5300b Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale
Choice A is correct. It’s given that there are 2 hybrid cars priced at no more than $25,000. It’s also given that there are 14
cars total for sale. Therefore, the probability of selecting a hybrid priced at no more than $25,000 when one car is

chosen at random is .

Choice B is incorrect. This is the probability of selecting a hybrid car priced greater than $25,000 when choosing one car
at random. Choice C is incorrect. This is the probability, when choosing randomly from only the hybrid cars, of selecting
one priced at no more than $25,000. Choice D is incorrect. This is the probability of selecting a hybrid car when
selecting at random from only the cars priced greater than $25,000.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID d28c29e1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving Ratios, rates,

and Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: d28c29e1

The International Space Station orbits Earth at an average speed of 4.76 miles
per second. What is the space station’s average speed in miles per hour?

A. 285.6

B. 571.2

C. 856.8

D. 17,136.0

ID: d28c29e1 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Since 1 minute = 60 seconds and 1 hour = 60 minutes, it follows that 1 hour = (60)(60), or 3,600
seconds. Using this conversion factor, the space station’s average speed of 4.76 miles per second is equal to an

average speed of , or 17,136 miles per hour.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the space station’s average speed in miles per minute. Choice B is incorrect. This is double
the space station’s average speed in miles per minute, or the number of miles the space station travels on average in 2
minutes. Choice C is incorrect. This is triple the space station’s average speed in miles per minute, or the number of
miles the space station travels on average in 3 minutes.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID f88f27e5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Lines, angles, and

Trigonometry triangles

ID: f88f27e5
Intersecting lines r, s, and t are shown below.

What is the value of x ?

ID: f88f27e5 Answer

Rationale

The correct answer is 97. The intersecting lines form a triangle, and the angle with measure of is an exterior angle of
this triangle. The measure of an exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of the measures of the two nonadjacent
interior angles of the triangle. One of these angles has measure of and the other, which is supplementary to the
angle with measure , has measure of . Therefore, the value of x is .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 5207e508
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Lines, angles, and

Trigonometry triangles

ID: 5207e508

In the figure, line is parallel to line . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 5207e508 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale
Choice D is correct. It's given that lines 𝑚 and 𝑛 are parallel. Since line 𝑡 intersects both lines 𝑚 and 𝑛, it's a transversal.
The angles in the figure marked as 170° and 𝑤° are on the same side of the transversal, where one is an interior angle
with line 𝑚 as a side, and the other is an exterior angle with line 𝑛 as a side. Thus, the marked angles are corresponding

have equal measure. It follows that 𝑤° = 170°. Therefore, the value of 𝑤 is 170.
angles. When two parallel lines are intersected by a transversal, corresponding angles are congruent and, therefore,

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID f67e4efc
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Area and volume

Trigonometry

ID: f67e4efc

A right circular cylinder has a volume of . If the height of the cylinder

is 5, what is the radius of the cylinder?

A. 3

B. 4.5

C. 9

D. 40

ID: f67e4efc Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The volume of a right circular cylinder with a radius of r is the product of the area of the base, ,
and the height, h. The volume of the right circular cylinder described is and its height is 5. If the radius is r, it

follows that . Dividing both sides of this equation by yields . Taking the square root of both
sides yields or . Since r represents the radius, the value must be positive. Therefore, the radius is 3.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from finding that the square of the radius is 9, but then from dividing 9 by 2, rather
than taking the square root of 9. Choice C is incorrect. This represents the square of the radius. Choice D is incorrect
and may result from solving the equation for , not r, by dividing by on both sides and then by
subtracting, not dividing, 5 from both sides.

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID e5c57163
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Area and volume

Trigonometry

ID: e5c57163

Square A has side lengths that are times the side lengths of square B. The area of square A is times the area of
square B. What is the value of ?

ID: e5c57163 Answer

Correct Answer: 27556

Rationale

The correct answer is 27,556. The area of a square is 𝑠2 , where 𝑠 is the side length of the square. Let 𝑥 represent the
length of each side of square B. Substituting 𝑥 for 𝑠 in 𝑠2 yields 𝑥2 . It follows that the area of square B is 𝑥2 . It’s given
that square A has side lengths that are 166 times the side lengths of square B. Since 𝑥 represents the length of each
side of square B, the length of each side of square A can be represented by the expression 166𝑥. It follows that the area
2
of square A is (166𝑥) , or 27,556𝑥2 . It’s given that the area of square A is 𝑘 times the area of square B. Since the area of
square A is equal to 27,556𝑥2 , and the area of square B is equal to 𝑥2 , an equation representing the given statement is
27,556𝑥2 = 𝑘𝑥2 . Since 𝑥 represents the length of each side of square B, the value of 𝑥 must be positive. Therefore, the
value of 𝑥2 is also positive, so it does not equal 0. Dividing by 𝑥2 on both sides of the equation 27,556𝑥2 = 𝑘𝑥2 yields
27,556 = 𝑘. Therefore, the value of 𝑘 is 27,556.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 33e29881
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Right triangles and

Trigonometry trigonometry

ID: 33e29881

In right triangle , the sum of the measures of angle and angle is degrees. The value of is .
What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 33e29881 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

𝑅𝑆𝑇, the sum of the measures of angle 𝑅 and angle 𝑆 is 90 degrees. Therefore, angle 𝑅 and angle 𝑆 are complementary,
Choice B is correct. The sine of any acute angle is equal to the cosine of its complement. It’s given that in right triangle

√15
and the value of sin 𝑅 is equal to the value of cos 𝑆. It's given that the value of sin 𝑅 is , so the value of cos 𝑆 is also
4
√15
4
.

1
Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of tan𝑆. Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of
cos 𝑆
.

1
tan𝑆
Choice D is incorrect. This is the value of .

Question Difficulty: Medium

Question ID 7d6928bd
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear inequalities

in one or two
variables

ID: 7d6928bd

A cleaning service that cleans both offices and homes can clean at most places per day. Which inequality represents
this situation, where is the number of offices and is the number of homes?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 7d6928bd Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that the cleaning service cleans both offices and homes, where 𝑓 is the number of offices
and ℎ is the number of homes the cleaning service can clean per day. Therefore, the expression 𝑓 + ℎ represents the
number of places the cleaning service can clean per day. It's also given that the cleaning service can clean at most 14
places per day. Since 𝑓 + ℎ represents the number of places the cleaning service can clean per day and the service can
clean at most 14 places per day, it follows that the inequality 𝑓 + ℎ ≤ 14 represents this situation.

Choice B is incorrect. This inequality represents a cleaning service that cleans at least 14 places per day.

Choice C is incorrect. This inequality represents a cleaning service that cleans at most 14 more offices than homes per
day.

Choice D is incorrect. This inequality represents a cleaning service that cleans at least 14 more offices than homes per
day.

Question Difficulty: Easy

Question ID 49800634
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Algebra Linear equations in

two variables

ID: 49800634

The table shows two values of and their corresponding values of . In the xy-plane, the graph of the linear equation
representing this relationship passes through the point . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 49800634 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The linear relationship between 𝑥 and 𝑦 can be represented by the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, where 𝑚 is
the slope of the graph of this equation in the xy-plane and 𝑏 is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept. The slope of a line
𝑦 − 𝑦1
between any two points (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ) on the line can be calculated using the slope formula 𝑚 = 2
𝑥2 − 𝑥1
. Based on
the table, the graph contains the points (−18, − 48) and (7, 52). Substituting (−18, − 48) and (7, 52) for (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and
52 − (−48) 100
(𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ), respectively, in the slope formula yields 𝑚 = , which is equivalent to 𝑚 = , or 𝑚 = 4. Substituting 4
7 − (−18) 25
for 𝑚, − 18 for 𝑥, and − 48 for 𝑦 in the equation 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields −48 = 4(−18) + 𝑏, or −48 = − 72 + 𝑏. Adding 72 to
both sides of this equation yields 24 = 𝑏. Therefore, 𝑚 = 4 and 𝑏 = 24. Substituting 4 for 𝑚 and 24 for 𝑏 in the equation
𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 yields 𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 24. Thus, the equation 𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 24 represents the linear relationship between 𝑥 and 𝑦. It's

1 1 1 4 168
also given that the graph of the linear equation representing this relationship in the xy-plane passes through the point
( , 𝑎). Substituting for 𝑥 and 𝑎 for 𝑦 in the equation 𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 24 yields 𝑎 = 4( ) + 24, which is equivalent to 𝑎 = +
7 7 7 7 7
172
,

or 𝑎 =
7
.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard