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Climate change, driven primarily by human activities such as greenhouse gas emissions, deforestation, and industrialization, is causing significant environmental changes including rising temperatures and extreme weather events. Its effects threaten biodiversity, food and water security, and coastal communities, necessitating global responses like the Paris Agreement and a shift to renewable energy. Overcoming political, economic, and social challenges is essential for effective climate action and ensuring a sustainable future.

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13 views2 pages

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Climate change, driven primarily by human activities such as greenhouse gas emissions, deforestation, and industrialization, is causing significant environmental changes including rising temperatures and extreme weather events. Its effects threaten biodiversity, food and water security, and coastal communities, necessitating global responses like the Paris Agreement and a shift to renewable energy. Overcoming political, economic, and social challenges is essential for effective climate action and ensuring a sustainable future.

Uploaded by

ronissafeplace1377
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Title: Climate Change and Its Global Impact

Introduction
Climate change refers to the long-term alteration of temperature, precipitation patterns, and other
climate variables on Earth. While natural factors have historically contributed to climate variability,
human activities—especially the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial emissions—have
accelerated climate change at an unprecedented rate. The rise in global average temperatures, melting
ice caps, and more frequent extreme weather events are among the most visible signs of this
environmental crisis.

Causes of Climate Change

1. Greenhouse Gas Emissions:


The primary cause of recent climate change is the accumulation of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in
the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), and nitrous oxide (N₂O) trap heat,
leading to a warming effect known as the greenhouse effect.

2. Deforestation:
Large-scale removal of forests reduces the planet's capacity to absorb carbon dioxide,
contributing to higher atmospheric CO₂ levels.

3. Industrialization:
Industrial processes release a variety of pollutants and greenhouse gases. The rapid industrial
growth of the past two centuries has significantly increased global emissions.

4. Agricultural Practices:
Agriculture contributes to methane emissions through livestock farming and rice cultivation, as
well as nitrous oxide emissions from fertilizer use.

Effects of Climate Change

 Rising Sea Levels: Melting ice caps and glaciers contribute to higher sea levels, threatening
coastal communities.

 Extreme Weather Events: Hurricanes, heatwaves, floods, and droughts are becoming more
frequent and severe.

 Loss of Biodiversity: Many plant and animal species are unable to adapt to rapidly changing
environmental conditions.

 Food and Water Security: Changes in rainfall patterns and increased droughts threaten global
food production and water supply.

Global Responses to Climate Change

1. International Agreements:
The Paris Agreement, signed in 2015, aims to limit global temperature rise to well below 2°C
above pre-industrial levels.
2. Renewable Energy Transition:
Shifting from fossil fuels to renewable sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower is a key
strategy to reduce emissions.

3. Reforestation and Conservation:


Planting trees and protecting existing forests help absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

4. Technological Innovations:
Advances in carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies can help mitigate emissions from
industrial processes.

Challenges Ahead

 Political and economic barriers to implementing climate policies.

 Unequal distribution of climate change impacts, with vulnerable populations most affected.

 The need for global cooperation in research, technology sharing, and financing.

Conclusion
Climate change is one of the most urgent challenges facing humanity. Addressing it requires a collective
global effort involving governments, industries, and individuals. By adopting sustainable practices,
transitioning to clean energy, and protecting natural ecosystems, it is possible to slow down climate
change and reduce its harmful impacts. The choices made today will determine the quality of life for
future generations.

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