ICT201 - Introduction to Information and Communication Technology
Course Outline
COURSE OUTLINE - ICT201: Introduction to Information and Communication Technology
Module 1: Foundations of ICT
- Definition and Scope of ICT
- Data vs Information
- History of Information Technology and the Internet
- Information Technology Systems Model
- Future Trends in Information Technology
Module 2: Hardware and Software Essentials
- Overview of Computer Hardware
- Overview of Computer Software
- Platform Technologies
- Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)
Module 3: Networking and Internet Technologies
- Network Types (LAN, WAN, MAN, PAN)
- Internet Fundamentals (ISPs, Content Providers)
- Main Network Protocols (HTTP, FTP, SMTP, DNS)
- Transmission, Naming, and Address Schemes (TCP/UDP, IP, DNS, URL)
Module 4: Web Systems and Architectures
- Web Architecture and Standards
- Client-Server and Multi-tier Architecture
- Internet Distributed Applications (Client/Server, P2P, Cloud)
- E-commerce Systems
Module 5: Social and Online Technologies
- Social Networks (Platforms, Graphs, Analysis)
ICT201 - Introduction to Information and Communication Technology
- Virtual (Online) Communities
- Really Simple Syndication (RSS)
- Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)
Module 6: Information Management and Programming
- Information Management
- Introduction to Programming
Module 7: ICT in Society
- Applications of Information Technology
- Security, Privacy, and Policy Issues
- Other Social and Ethical Issues
Module 8: Internet Communication and Access
- Network Communication
- Internet Data Transfer
- Data Rate Units
- Internet Access Methods
Module 1: Foundations of ICT - Full Note
MODULE 1: FOUNDATIONS OF ICT
1. Definition and Scope of ICT
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) refers to technologies that provide access to information
through telecommunications. It includes computers, software, the internet, mobile devices, and network
systems. ICT is critical in modern communication, data storage, education, e-governance, and business.
2. Data vs Information
Data: Raw facts without context. Example: 25, "Red", 82.
Information: Processed data with meaning. Example: "Student scored 82 in Mathematics."
ICT201 - Introduction to Information and Communication Technology
3. History of Information Technology and the Internet
- Pre-Computer Era: Abacus, Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine
- 1st Gen (1940-1956): Vacuum tubes (ENIAC)
- 2nd Gen (1956-1963): Transistors
- 3rd Gen (1964-1971): Integrated Circuits
- 4th Gen (1971-Present): Microprocessors
- 5th Gen: Artificial Intelligence (AI), Quantum computing
- Internet: From ARPANET (1969), to Tim Berners-Lee's WWW (1989)
4. Information Technology Systems Model
An IT system consists of:
- Input -> Processing -> Storage -> Output -> Communication
5. Future Trends in IT
- Data Mining: Extracting patterns from large datasets.
- Data Visualization: Graphical representation of data.
- Natural Language Processing (NLP): Enabling computers to understand human language.
- Blockchain: Decentralized ledger system, secure and transparent (used in cryptocurrency, finance, etc.).
