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Class 10 Science Notes

The Class 10 Science Notes cover key concepts from three chapters: Chemical Reactions and Equations, Acids, Bases and Salts, and Metals and Non-Metals. It explains chemical reactions, indicators, types of reactions, properties of acids and bases, the pH scale, and characteristics of metals and non-metals. Additionally, it discusses the extraction processes of metals.

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80 views1 page

Class 10 Science Notes

The Class 10 Science Notes cover key concepts from three chapters: Chemical Reactions and Equations, Acids, Bases and Salts, and Metals and Non-Metals. It explains chemical reactions, indicators, types of reactions, properties of acids and bases, the pH scale, and characteristics of metals and non-metals. Additionally, it discusses the extraction processes of metals.

Uploaded by

bandanashani143
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Class 10 Science Notes (NCERT

Summary)
Chapter 1: Chemical Reactions and Equations
• Chemical reaction: Process in which new substances with new properties are formed.

• Indicators of chemical reaction: Change in state, colour, temperature, evolution of gas,


precipitate formation.

• Balanced chemical equations follow the law of conservation of mass.

• Types: Combination, Decomposition, Displacement, Double displacement, Redox.

Chapter 2: Acids, Bases and Salts


• Acids produce H⁺ ions in water; Bases produce OH⁻ ions.

• Indicators: Litmus (acid-red, base-blue), Phenolphthalein (acid-colourless, base-pink).

• pH scale measures acidity/basicity (0–14).

• Salts formed by neutralization of acid and base.

Chapter 3: Metals and Non-Metals


• Metals: Malleable, ductile, good conductors, form basic oxides.

• Non-metals: Brittle, poor conductors, form acidic oxides.

• Metals react with oxygen, water, acids; show displacement reactions.

• Extraction of metals involves concentration, reduction, refining.

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