Report

On
Load Flow Analysis on ETAP Software.
Prepared by:

Mr. Rohit Rajaram Takpere

[Link] in Electrical Engineering

Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon

Dr. Dipesh B. Pardeshi

Hod Electrical
Introduction: -
ETAP is the world’s leading electrical design and operations digital twin platform for
infrastructure, building and industry.
ETAP (Electrical Transient Analyzer Program) is a comprehensive engineering software platform
designed for the simulation, design, analysis, monitoring, control, optimization, and automation of
electrical power systems. Developed by Operation Technology, Inc., ETAP is widely used by
engineers and professionals in various industries, including power generation, transmission,
distribution, industrial, transportation, and renewable energy sectors.

Key Features of ETAP:

[Link] System Analysis: ETAP provides a wide range of analysis tools, including load flow, short
circuit, motor acceleration, harmonic analysis, and arc flash, enabling engineers to perform
detailed electrical studies.
[Link]-Time Monitoring and Control: ETAP's real-time modules allow for the continuous
monitoring and control of electrical networks, providing operators with the ability to make
informed decisions and respond quickly to changes in the system.
[Link] Energy Integration: ETAP supports the modeling and integration of renewable energy
sources like wind, solar, and battery storage systems, which is essential for modern power systems.
[Link] Modeling Capabilities: The software offers robust modeling tools for creating detailed
representations of electrical components and systems, from simple radial networks to complex,
interconnected grids.
[Link]-Friendly Interface: ETAP features an intuitive graphical user interface that makes it easier
for users to navigate and utilize its extensive capabilities, even for those who may not have
extensive experience with electrical engineering software.
[Link] Compliance: The software helps organizations comply with industry standards and
regulatory requirements by providing tools for safety analysis, reporting, and documentation.
[Link] and Flexibility: ETAP is scalable to accommodate systems of various sizes and
complexities, from small industrial plants to large utility grids, making it suitable for a broad range
of applications.
Applications of ETAP:
 Power System Design: Engineers use ETAP to design electrical systems that are safe,
efficient, and cost-effective.
 System Protection: The software is used to analyze protective device coordination and
ensure the safety and reliability of electrical systems.
 Power Quality Analysis: ETAP helps identify and mitigate power quality issues, such as
harmonics and voltage sags.
 Optimization: The platform provides tools for optimizing system performance and energy
usage, which can lead to significant cost savings.
 Training and Education: ETAP is also widely used in academic settings for training the
next generation of electrical engineers and technicians.
Rohit Rajaram Takpere
Rohit Rajaram Takpere
Sample Project
Load flow analysis :-
Case Available Current Remark Real power Reactive power
Voltages at flowing in the
bus 2 transformer
MV
Case 1 415 V 0A No load 0 0
Case 2 413 V 443.7 A Only m1 in 286.8 kw 136.1 kvar
service
Case 3 412 V 806.7 A Only M1 and 518.7 kw 248.3 kvar
M2 in service
Case4 410 V 1070 A Only M1, M2 686.8 kw 326.1 kvar
and M3 in
service
Case 5 410 V 1267 A All 4 motors in 812 kw 384.8 kvar
service
Single Line Diagram
Project: ETAP Page: 1

Location: 19.0.1C Date: 28-08-2024

Contract: SN:

Engineer: Revision: Base

Study Case: LF
Filename: SLD3 Config.: Normal

Electrical Transient Analyzer Program

Load Flow Analysis

Loading Category (1): Design

Generation Category (1): Design

Load Diversity Factor: None

Swing V-Control Load Total

Number of Buses: 2 1 30 33

Line/Cable/
XFMR2 XFMR3 Reactor Busway Impedance Tie PD Total
Number of Branches: 1 0 0 24 0 6 31

Method of Solution: Adaptive Newton-Raphson Method

Maximum No. of Iteration: 99

Precision of Solution: 0.0001000

System Frequency: 50.00 Hz

Unit System: Metric

Project Filename: SLD3

Output Filename: C:\ETAP 1901\SLD3\[Link]

Project: ETAP Page: 2

Location: 19.0.1C Date: 28-08-2024

Contract: SN:

Engineer: Revision: Base

Study Case: LF
Filename: SLD3 Config.: Normal

Adjustments

Apply Individual
Tolerance Adjustments /Global Percent

Transformer Impedance: Yes Individual

Reactor Impedance: Yes Individual

Overload Heater Resistance: No

Transmission Line Length: No

Cable / Busway Length: No

Apply Individual
Temperature Correction Adjustments /Global Degree C

Transmission Line Resistance: Yes Individual

Cable / Busway Resistance: Yes Individual

 Project: ETAP Page: 3

Location: 19.0.1C Date: 28-08-2024

Contract: SN:

Engineer: Revision: Base

Study Case: LF
Filename: SLD3 Config.: Normal

Bus Input Data

Load

Bus Initial Voltage Constant kVA Constant Z Constant I Generic

ID kV Sub-sys % Mag. Ang. MW Mvar MW Mvar MW Mvar MW Mvar

. 11.000 2 100.0 0.0

.. 11.000 1 100.0 0.0

... 0.415 2 100.0 0.0

Bus1 11.000 2 100.0 0.0

Bus2 0.415 2 100.0 0.0

Bus3 0.415 2 100.0 0.0

Bus4 0.415 2 100.0 0.0 0.019 0.010

Bus5 0.415 2 100.0 0.0 0.019 0.010

Bus6 0.415 2 100.0 0.0 0.019 0.010

Bus7 0.415 2 100.0 0.0

Bus8 0.415 2 100.0 0.0

Bus9 0.415 2 100.0 0.0

Bus10 0.415 2 100.0 0.0

Bus11 0.415 2 100.0 0.0

Bus12 0.415 2 100.0 0.0

Bus13 0.415 2 100.0 0.0

Bus14 0.415 2 100.0 0.0 0.015 0.008

Bus15 0.415 2 100.0 0.0 0.023 0.012

Bus16 0.415 2 100.0 0.0 0.007 0.004

Bus17 0.415 2 100.0 0.0

Bus18 0.415 2 100.0 0.0 0.007 0.004

Bus19 0.415 2 100.0 0.0

Bus20 0.415 2 100.0 0.0

Bus21 0.415 2 100.0 0.0

Bus22 0.415 2 100.0 0.0

Bus23 0.415 2 100.0 0.0

Bus24 0.415 2 100.0 0.0

Bus25 0.415 2 100.0 0.0

Bus26 0.415 2 100.0 0.0

Bus27 0.415 2 100.0 0.0

Bus28 0.415 2 100.0 0.0

Bus29 0.415 2 100.0 0.0

 Project: ETAP Page: 4

Location: 19.0.1C Date: 28-08-2024

Contract: SN:

Engineer: Revision: Base

Study Case: LF
Filename: SLD3 Config.: Normal

Load

Bus Initial Voltage Constant kVA Constant Z Constant I Generic

ID kV Sub-sys % Mag. Ang. MW Mvar MW Mvar MW Mvar MW Mvar

Bus30 0.415 2 100.0 0.0

Total Number of Buses: 33 0.110 0.060 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

Generation Bus Voltage Generation Mvar Limits

ID kV Type Sub-sys % Mag. Angle MW Mvar % PF Max Min

. 11.000 Swing 2 100.0 0.0

.. 11.000 Swing 1 100.0 0.0

Bus2 0.415 Voltage Control 2 100.0 0.0 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000
Project: ETAP Page: 5

Location: 19.0.1C Date: 28-08-2024

Contract: SN:

Engineer: Revision: Base

Study Case: LF
Filename: SLD3 Config.: Normal

Line/Cable/Busway Input Data

ohms or siemens/1000 m per Conductor (Cable) or per Phase (Line/Busway)

Line/Cable/Busway Length

ID Library Size Adj. (m) % Tol. #/Phase T (°C) R X Y

Q3 1.0MCUN4 150 70.0 0.0 1 75 0.151650 0.073000 0.0001442

Q4 1.0MCUN4 150 75.0 0.0 1 75 0.151650 0.073000 0.0001442

Q5 1.0MCUN4 16 60.0 0.0 1 75 1.392512 0.080000 0.0000971

Q6 1.0MCUN4 35 10.0 0.0 1 75 0.638076 0.080000 0.0001015

Q7 1.0MCUN4 35 10.0 0.0 1 75 0.638076 0.080000 0.0001015

Q8 1.0MCUN4 35 10.0 0.0 1 75 0.638076 0.080000 0.0001015

Q9 1.0MCUN4 35 205.0 0.0 1 75 0.638076 0.080000 0.0001015

Q10 1.0MCUN2 35 92.0 0.0 1 75 0.638076 0.080000 0.0001096

Q11 1.0MCUN4 35 95.0 0.0 1 75 0.638076 0.080000 0.0001015

Q12 1.0MCUN4 120 70.0 0.0 1 75 0.186940 0.073000 0.0001499

Q13 1.0MCUN4 10 30.0 0.0 1 75 2.222296 0.084000 0.0000807

Q14 1.0MCUN4 16 50.0 0.0 1 75 1.392512 0.080000 0.0000971

Q15 1.0MCUN4 35 35.0 0.0 1 75 0.638076 0.080000 0.0001015

Q16 1.0MCUN4 16 70.0 0.0 1 75 1.392512 0.080000 0.0000971

Q17 1.0MCUN4 16 70.0 0.0 1 75 1.392512 0.080000 0.0000971

Q18 1.0MCUN4 35 70.0 0.0 1 75 0.638076 0.080000 0.0001015

Q19 1.0MCUN4 35 30.0 0.0 1 75 0.638076 0.080000 0.0001015

Q20 1.0MCUN4 35 230.0 0.0 1 75 0.638076 0.080000 0.0001015

Q21 1.0MCUN4 150 30.0 0.0 1 75 0.151650 0.073000 0.0001442

Q22 1.0MCUN4 35 15.0 0.0 1 75 0.638076 0.080000 0.0001015

Q23 1.0MCUN4 35 80.0 0.0 1 75 0.638076 0.080000 0.0001015

Q24 1.0MCUN4 16 10.0 0.0 1 75 1.392512 0.080000 0.0000971

Q25 1.0MCUN4 16 15.0 0.0 1 75 1.392512 0.080000 0.0000971

Q26 1.0MCUN4 16 10.0 0.0 1 75 1.392512 0.080000 0.0000971

Line / Cable / Busway resistances are listed at the specified temperatures.

 Project: ETAP Page: 6

Location: 19.0.1C Date: 28-08-2024

Contract: SN:

Engineer: Revision: Base

Study Case: LF
Filename: SLD3 Config.: Normal

2-Winding Transformer Input Data

Transformer Rating Z Variation % Tap Setting Adjusted Phase Shift

ID Phase MVA Prim. kV Sec. kV % Z1 X1/R1 + 5% - 5% % Tol. Prim. Sec. %Z Type Angle

T1 3-Phase 2.500 11.000 0.415 6.25 6.00 0 0 0 0 0 6.2500 Dyn 0.000

Project: ETAP Page: 7

Location: 19.0.1C Date: 28-08-2024

Contract: SN:

Engineer: Revision: Base

Study Case: LF
Filename: SLD3 Config.: Normal

Branch Connections

CKT/Branch Connected Bus ID % Impedance, Pos. Seq., 100 MVA Base

ID Type From Bus To Bus R X Z Y

T1 2W XFMR Bus1 Bus2 41.10 246.60 250.00

Q3 Cable Bus2 Bus4 616.37 296.70 684.07 0.0000017

Q4 Cable Bus2 Bus5 660.40 317.90 732.93 0.0000019

Q5 Cable Bus2 Bus6 4851.25 278.71 4859.25 0.0000010

Q6 Cable Bus2 Bus7 370.49 46.45 373.39 0.0000002

Q7 Cable Bus2 ... 370.49 46.45 373.39 0.0000002

Q8 Cable Bus2 Bus8 370.49 46.45 373.39 0.0000002

Q9 Cable Bus2 Bus9 7595.04 952.24 7654.50 0.0000036

Q10 Cable Bus2 Bus10 3408.50 427.35 3435.19 0.0000017

Q11 Cable Bus2 Bus11 3519.65 441.28 3547.21 0.0000017

Q12 Cable Bus2 Bus12 759.81 296.70 815.69 0.0000018

Q13 Cable Bus2 Bus13 3871.03 146.32 3873.80 0.0000004

Q14 Cable Bus2 Bus14 4042.71 232.25 4049.38 0.0000008

Q15 Cable Bus2 Bus15 1296.71 162.58 1306.87 0.0000006

Q16 Cable Bus2 Bus16 5659.80 325.16 5669.13 0.0000012

Q17 Cable Bus2 Bus18 5659.80 325.16 5669.13 0.0000012

Q18 Cable Bus2 Bus19 2593.43 325.16 2613.73 0.0000012

Q19 Cable Bus2 Bus20 1111.47 139.35 1120.17 0.0000005

Q20 Cable Bus2 Bus21 8521.26 1068.37 8587.97 0.0000040

Q21 Cable Bus2 Bus22 264.16 127.16 293.17 0.0000007

Q22 Cable Bus2 Bus23 555.73 69.68 560.09 0.0000003

Q23 Cable Bus2 Bus24 2963.92 371.61 2987.12 0.0000014

Q24 Cable Bus2 Bus25 808.54 46.45 809.88 0.0000002

Q25 Cable Bus2 Bus26 1212.81 69.68 1214.81 0.0000003

Q26 Cable Bus2 Bus27 808.54 46.45 809.88 0.0000002

CB29 Tie Breakr Bus2 Bus3

CB30 Tie Breakr Bus2 Bus17

CB31 Tie Breakr Bus2 Bus28

CB32 Tie Breakr Bus2 Bus29

CB33 Tie Breakr Bus2 Bus30

2SW2 Tie Switch . Bus1

 Project: ETAP Page: 8

Location: 19.0.1C Date: 28-08-2024

Contract: SN:

Engineer: Revision: Base

Study Case: LF
Filename: SLD3 Config.: Normal

LOAD FLOW REPORT

Bus Voltage Generation Load Load Flow XFMR

ID kV % Mag. Ang. MW Mvar MW Mvar ID MW Mvar Amp %PF %Tap

*. 11.000 100.000 0.0 0.110 0.060 0.000 0.000 Bus1 0.110 0.060 6.6 87.9

... 0.415 99.807 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus2 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus1 11.000 100.000 0.0 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus2 0.110 0.060 6.6 87.9

. -0.110 -0.060 6.6 87.9

Bus2 0.415 99.807 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus4 0.019 0.010 30.0 88.2

Bus5 0.019 0.010 30.0 88.2

Bus6 0.019 0.010 30.5 88.4

Bus7 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

... 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus8 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus9 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus10 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus11 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus12 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus13 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus14 0.015 0.008 23.5 87.7

Bus15 0.023 0.012 36.5 88.7

Bus16 0.007 0.004 12.1 85.9

Bus18 0.007 0.004 12.1 85.9

Bus19 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus20 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus21 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus22 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus23 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus24 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus25 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus26 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus27 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus1 -0.110 -0.060 174.7 88.0

Bus3 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus17 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

 Project: ETAP Page: 9

Location: 19.0.1C Date: 28-08-2024

Contract: SN:

Engineer: Revision: Base

Study Case: LF
Filename: SLD3 Config.: Normal

Bus Voltage Generation Load Load Flow XFMR

ID kV % Mag. Ang. MW Mvar MW Mvar ID MW Mvar Amp %PF %Tap

Bus28 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus29 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus30 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus3 0.415 99.807 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus2 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus4 0.415 99.660 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.019 0.010 Bus2 -0.019 -0.010 30.0 88.2

Bus5 0.415 99.649 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.019 0.010 Bus2 -0.019 -0.010 30.0 88.2

Bus6 0.415 98.841 0.1 0.000 0.000 0.019 0.010 Bus2 -0.019 -0.010 30.5 88.2

Bus7 0.415 99.807 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus2 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus8 0.415 99.807 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus2 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus9 0.415 99.807 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus2 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus10 0.415 99.807 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus2 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus11 0.415 99.807 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus2 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus12 0.415 99.807 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus2 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus13 0.415 99.807 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus2 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus14 0.415 99.191 0.0 0.000 0.000 0.015 0.008 Bus2 -0.015 -0.008 23.5 87.5

Bus15 0.415 99.485 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.023 0.012 Bus2 -0.023 -0.012 36.5 88.7

Bus16 0.415 99.371 0.0 0.000 0.000 0.007 0.004 Bus2 -0.007 -0.004 12.1 85.8

Bus17 0.415 99.807 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus2 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus18 0.415 99.371 0.0 0.000 0.000 0.007 0.004 Bus2 -0.007 -0.004 12.1 85.8

Bus19 0.415 99.807 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus2 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus20 0.415 99.807 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus2 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus21 0.415 99.807 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus2 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus22 0.415 99.807 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus2 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus23 0.415 99.807 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus2 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus24 0.415 99.807 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus2 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus25 0.415 99.807 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus2 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus26 0.415 99.807 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus2 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus27 0.415 99.807 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus2 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus28 0.415 99.807 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus2 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus29 0.415 99.807 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus2 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0

Bus30 0.415 99.807 -0.1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 Bus2 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0
* Indicates a voltage regulated bus ( voltage controlled or swing type machine connected to it)
# Indicates a bus with a load mismatch of more than 0.1 MVA
 Project: ETAP Page: 10

Location: 19.0.1C Date: 28-08-2024

Contract: SN:

Engineer: Revision: Base

Study Case: LF
Filename: SLD3 Config.: Normal

Bus Loading Summary Report

Directly Connected Load Total Bus Load

Bus Constant kVA Constant Z Constant I Generic

Percent
ID kV Rated Amp MW Mvar MW Mvar MW Mvar MW Mvar MVA % PF Amp Loading

.. 11.000
. 11.000 0.126 87.9 6.6
... 0.415
Bus1 11.000 0.126 87.9 6.6
Bus2 0.415 0.125 88.0 174.7
Bus3 0.415
Bus4 0.415 0.019 0.010 0.022 88.2 30.0
Bus5 0.415 0.019 0.010 0.022 88.2 30.0
Bus6 0.415 0.019 0.010 0.022 88.2 30.5
Bus7 0.415
Bus8 0.415
Bus9 0.415 -
Bus10 0.415 -
Bus11 0.415 -
Bus12 0.415 -
Bus13 0.415 -
Bus14 0.415 0.015 0.008 0.017 87.5 23.5
Bus15 0.415 0.023 0.012 0.026 88.7 36.5
Bus16 0.415 0.007 0.004 0.009 85.8 12.1
Bus17 0.415
Bus18 0.415 0.007 0.004 0.009 85.8 12.1
Bus19 0.415 -
Bus20 0.415 -
Bus21 0.415 -
Bus22 0.415
Bus23 0.415 -
Bus24 0.415 -
Bus25 0.415
Bus26 0.415
Bus27 0.415
Bus28 0.415
Bus29 0.415
Bus30 0.415

* Indicates operating load of a bus exceeds the bus critical limit ( 100.0% of the Continuous Ampere rating).
# Indicates operating load of a bus exceeds the bus marginal limit (95.0% of the Continuous Ampere rating).
Project: ETAP Page: 11

Location: 19.0.1C Date: 28-08-2024

Contract: SN:

Engineer: Revision: Base

Study Case: LF
Filename: SLD3 Config.: Normal

Branch Loading Summary Report

Transformer
CKT / Branch Busway / Cable & Reactor
Loading (input) Loading (output)
Ampacity Loading Capability
ID Type (Amp) Amp % (MVA) MVA % MVA %

Q3 Cable 345.48 30.03 8.69

Q4 Cable 345.48 30.03 8.69

Q5 Cable 89.40 30.46 34.07

Q6 Cable 136.89 0.00 0.00

Q7 Cable 136.89 0.00 0.00

Q8 Cable 136.89 0.00 0.00

Q9 Cable 136.89 0.00 0.00

Q10 Cable 118.54 0.00 0.00

Q11 Cable 136.89 0.00 0.00

Q12 Cable 299.85 0.00 0.00

Q13 Cable 66.12 0.00 0.00

Q14 Cable 89.40 23.47 26.25

Q15 Cable 136.89 36.54 26.69

Q16 Cable 89.40 12.08 13.52

Q17 Cable 89.40 12.08 13.52

Q18 Cable 136.89 0.00 0.00

Q19 Cable 136.89 0.00 0.00

Q20 Cable 136.89 0.01 0.00

Q21 Cable 345.48 0.00 0.00

Q22 Cable 136.89 0.00 0.00

Q23 Cable 136.89 0.00 0.00

Q24 Cable 89.40 0.00 0.00

Q25 Cable 89.40 0.00 0.00

Q26 Cable 89.40 0.00 0.00

T1 Transformer 2.500 0.126 5.0 0.125 5.0

* Indicates a branch with operating load exceeding the branch capability.

Project: ETAP Page: 12

Location: 19.0.1C Date: 28-08-2024

Contract: SN:

Engineer: Revision: Base

Study Case: LF
Filename: SLD3 Config.: Normal

Branch Losses Summary Report

Vd
From-To Bus Flow To-From Bus Flow Losses % Bus Voltage
% Drop

Branch ID MW Mvar MW Mvar kW kvar From To in Vmag

Q10 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0 99.8 99.8 0.00

Q11 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0 99.8 99.8 0.00

Q12 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0 99.8 99.8 0.00

Q13 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0 99.8 99.8 0.00

Q14 0.015 0.008 -0.015 -0.008 0.1 0.0 99.8 99.2 0.62

Q15 0.023 0.012 -0.023 -0.012 0.1 0.0 99.8 99.5 0.32

Q16 0.007 0.004 -0.007 -0.004 0.0 0.0 99.8 99.4 0.44

Q17 0.007 0.004 -0.007 -0.004 0.0 0.0 99.8 99.4 0.44

Q18 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0 99.8 99.8 0.00

Q19 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0 99.8 99.8 0.00

Q20 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0 99.8 99.8 0.00

Q21 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0 99.8 99.8 0.00

Q22 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0 99.8 99.8 0.00

Q23 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0 99.8 99.8 0.00

Q24 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0 99.8 99.8 0.00

Q25 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0 99.8 99.8 0.00

Q26 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0 99.8 99.8 0.00

Q3 0.019 0.010 -0.019 -0.010 0.0 0.0 99.8 99.7 0.15

Q4 0.019 0.010 -0.019 -0.010 0.0 0.0 99.8 99.6 0.16

Q5 0.019 0.010 -0.019 -0.010 0.2 0.0 99.8 98.8 0.97

Q6 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0 99.8 99.8 0.00

Q7 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0 99.8 99.8 0.00

Q8 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0 99.8 99.8 0.00

Q9 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0 99.8 99.8 0.00

T1 0.110 0.060 -0.110 -0.060 0.1 0.4 100.0 99.8 0.19

0.6 0.4

* This Transmission Line includes Series Capacitor.

Project: ETAP Page: 13

Location: 19.0.1C Date: 28-08-2024

Contract: SN:

Engineer: Revision: Base

Study Case: LF
Filename: SLD3 Config.: Normal

Alert Summary Report

% Alert Settings
Critical Marginal
Loading
Bus 100.0 95.0

Cable / Busway 100.0 95.0

Reactor 100.0 95.0

Line 100.0 95.0

Transformer 100.0 95.0

Panel 100.0 95.0

Protective Device 100.0 95.0

Generator 100.0 95.0

Inverter/Charger 100.0 95.0

Bus Voltage
OverVoltage 105.0 102.0

UnderVoltage 95.0 98.0

Generator Excitation
OverExcited (Q Max.) 100.0 95.0

UnderExcited (Q Min.) 100.0

Critical Report

Device ID Type Condition Rating/Limit Unit Operating % Operating Phase Type

Gen1 Generator Under Excited 0.000 Mvar 0.000 0.0 3-Phase

Gen1 Generator Under Power 0.000 MW 0.000 0.0 3-Phase

Project: ETAP Page: 14

Location: 19.0.1C Date: 28-08-2024

Contract: SN:

Engineer: Revision: Base

Study Case: LF
Filename: SLD3 Config.: Normal

SUMMARY OF TOTAL GENERATION , LOADING & DEMAND

MW Mvar MVA % PF

Source (Swing Buses): 0.110 0.060 0.126 87.86 Lagging

Source (Non-Swing Buses): 0.000 0.000 0.000

Total Demand: 0.110 0.060 0.126 87.86 Lagging

Total Motor Load: 0.110 0.060 0.125 87.89 Lagging

Total Static Load: 0.000 0.000 0.000

Total Constant I Load: 0.000 0.000 0.000

Total Generic Load: 0.000 0.000 0.000

Apparent Losses: 0.001 0.000

System Mismatch: 0.000 0.000

Number of Iterations: 2
Conclusion:-
The completion of the single line diagram and load flow analysis using ETAP software provided a
clear representation of the electrical network and valuable insights into the system's performance
under various operating conditions. The analysis identified key areas for optimization, potential
reliability issues, and opportunities for improving efficiency. This information is crucial for
enhancing system reliability, ensuring regulatory compliance, and supporting informed decision-
making for future planning and network upgrades. Overall, the project successfully achieved its
goal of analyzing and optimizing the power system's performance.