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C++ Class Note4

The document explains Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in C++, highlighting its advantages over procedural programming, such as improved execution speed and code maintainability. It introduces the concepts of classes and objects, illustrating how they encapsulate attributes and methods, and provides examples of class creation in C++. Additionally, it includes a simple C++ program demonstrating system shutdown in Windows OS.

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18 views4 pages

C++ Class Note4

The document explains Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in C++, highlighting its advantages over procedural programming, such as improved execution speed and code maintainability. It introduces the concepts of classes and objects, illustrating how they encapsulate attributes and methods, and provides examples of class creation in C++. Additionally, it includes a simple C++ program demonstrating system shutdown in Windows OS.

Uploaded by

barikuinwikpa5
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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C++

OOP

C++ What is OOP?

OOP stands for Object-Oriented Programming.

Procedural programming is about writing procedures or functions that perform


operations on the data, while object-oriented programming is about creating objects that
contain both data and functions.

Object-oriented programming has several advantages over procedural programming:

 OOP is faster and easier to execute


 OOP provides a clear structure for the programs
 OOP helps to keep the C++ code DRY "Don't Repeat Yourself", and makes the
code easier to maintain, modify and debug
 OOP makes it possible to create full reusable applications with less code

C++ Classes/Objects

Classes and objects are the two main aspects of object-oriented programming.

Everything in C++ is associated with classes and objects, along with its attributes and
methods. For example: in real life, a car is an object. The car has attributes, such as
weight and color, and methods, such as drive and brake.

Attributes and methods are basically variables and functions that belongs to the class.
These are often referred to as "class members".

A class is a user-defined data type that we can use in our program, and it works as an
object constructor, or a "blueprint" for creating objects.

Look at the following illustration to see the difference between class and objects:

Create a Class

OBJECTS

CLASS Apple

Fruits Mango

Banana

To create a class, use the class keyword:


Example 1

#include <iostream>

#include <string>

using namespace std;

class MyClass { // The class

public: // Access specifier

int myNum; // Attribute (int variable)

string myString; // Attribute (string variable)

};

int main() {

MyClass myObj; // Create an object of MyClass

// Access attributes and set values

myObj.myNum = 15;

myObj.myString = "Some text";

// Print values

cout << myObj.myNum << "\n";

cout << myObj.myString;

return 0;

}
Example 2

#include <iostream>

#include <string>

using namespace std;

class Car {

public:

string brand;

string model;

int year;

};

int main() {

Car carObj1;

carObj1.brand = "BMW";

carObj1.model = "X5";

carObj1.year = 1999;

Car carObj2;

carObj2.brand = "Ford";

carObj2.model = "Mustang";

carObj2.year = 1969;

cout << carObj1.brand << " " << carObj1.model << " " << carObj1.year << "\n";

cout << carObj2.brand << " " << carObj2.model << " " << carObj2.year << "\n";

return 0;

}
Testing

//C++ program to shut down the system in Windows OS


#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
Using namespace std;

int main()
{
system("c:\\windows\\system32\\shutdown /i");
return 0;
}

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