Name: ……………………………....…................………. ADM: ……………………….…CLASS………….
School: ……………………………………….... Candidate’s Signature: ………………………
311/2
HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT
PAPER 1
END TERM 2 2025
JULY 2025
TIME: 2½ HOURS
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
311/2
HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT
PAPER 1
END TERM 2 2025
JULY 2025
TIME: 2½ HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
(a) This paper consists of three Sections A, B and C.
(b) Answer all questions in Section A, three questions from Section B
and two questions from Section C.
(c) Answers to all questions must be written in the answer booklet provided.
SECTION A : 25 MARKS
Answer all the questions in this section.
1. Name the major dispersal area of the Western Bantus. (1 mk)
2. State the main function of the age-set system among the Bantus. (1 mk)
3. Give two evidence which show that the Portuguese ruled the Kenyan Coast. (2 mks)
4. Name the Arab families that ruled Malindi on behalf of the Oman Arabs. (1 mk)
th
5. Name two missionaries who worked in Kenya by the 19 C. (2 mks)
6. Give two ways by which citizenship by birth can be revoked. (2 mks)
7. Define conflict resolution. (1 mk)
8. Name the constitutional amendments that made Kenya to be a single parting state. (1 mk)
9. Give two main objectives of the Kenya National Human Rights and Equality Commission.
(2 mks)
10. State any two categories of children Rights in Kenya. (2 mks)
11. Name one treating that effectively ended the scramble for East Africa. (1 mk)
12. Give the main duty of the colonial secretary in Kenya during the colonial period. (1 mk)
13. Give two reasons why the Akamba exhibited mixed reactions to establishment of colonial rule.
(1mk)
14. Name the settler who introduced wheat farming in Kenya . (1 mk)
15. Name two categories of land during the colonial period in Kenya. (2 mks)
nd
16. Give the political parties the represented Kenya during the 2 Lancaster House Conference of
1962. (2 mks)
17. State one pillar of the Nyayo philosophy. (1 mk)
Section B: 45 Marks
Answer any three questions from this section.
18. a) Give three reasons for the migration of the Borana during the pre-colonial period. (3 mks)
b) Explain the contributions of the Cushitic migration and settlement in Kenya. (12 mks)
19. a) Give three reasons why early visitors came to the East African Coast. (3 mks)
b) Explain six factors which led to the decline of Coastal towns after 1500A.D. (12 mks)
20. a) State three methods that were used by African Nationalist during the struggle for
independence. (3 mks)
b) Explain the problems by nationalists in Kenya in the struggle for independence. (12 mks)
21. a) State the results of the Mau Mau uprising. (5 mks)
b) Explain the role of women in the Mau Mau movement. (10 mks)
Section C: 30 Marks
Answer any two questions from this section.
22. a) Give the role of partly leaders in parliament. (3 mks)
b) Describe the law making process in Kenya. (12 mks)
23. a) Identify any five specialized sections of the police. (5mks)
b) Explain five functions of the Kenya Defence Forces. (10mks)
24. a) Mention three reasons why elections are held in Kenya after every 5 years.(3 mks)
b) Discuss five factors that may undermine free and fair elections in Kenya (12mks)
