ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 1
UNIT – 1 Water Quality/ Characteristic
1.What is the role of environmental engineer. Explain importance and necessity of
protected water supply systems?
2.Write about the following physical characteristics of water
a. Colour
b. Specific conductivity
c. Taste and odour
d. Turbidity and its measurements
e. Temperature
3. Write a short note on the following
a. pH of water
b. Hardness of water and its types
c. Biological oxygen demand
d. Chloride content in water
e. Nitrogen content in water
4. a) Describe in brief various important tests conducted for physical and chemical
examination of water?
b) What do you understand by Total volatile solids? How do you determine them?
c) A 25 ml water sample is placed in a dish that wt.50g, after and cooling in
desiccator, the dish wt. 50.02g. Then the dish is fired at 550℃ for one hour, after which
it weights 50.005g. Estimate total solids(mg/l), Volatile solids(mg/l) ,, and Fixed
solids(mg/l), of the water sample.
5.a) What is alkalinity of water?
b) The Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentration of a water sample are 160 mg/lit and 40 mg/lit as
their ions respectively. The total hardness of this water sample in terms of CaCO3
in mg/lit is approximately equal to ?
UNIT – 2 Water Quantity Estimation
1. Write about the following
a. Design period
b. Coincidental draft
c. Fire Demand
d. Maximum Daily water Demand
e. Water Demand for public use
2.The population of a city obtained from census is as given below.
Year 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991
Population 20000 22000 25000 27500 34100 41500 47050 54500 61000
Estimate the population of the city for the year 2041
By a)Arithmetical increase method .
B)Geometrical increase method
i)Normal method
ii)Geometric mean method
Iii)Arithmetic mean method.
3.The population of a city obtained from census is as given below.
Year 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991
Population 20000 22000 25000 27500 34100 41500 47050 54500 61000
Estimate the population of the city for the year 2041 by Incremental Increase Method.
4.The population of a city obtained from census is as given below.
Year 1911 1921 1931
Population 20000 22000 25000
Estimate the population of the city for the year 2041 by using the Logistic Method.
5. A water supply scheme has to be designed for a city having a population of 1,00,000.
Estimate the important kinds of drafts which may be required to be recorded for an
average water consumption of 250 lpcd. Also record the required capacities of the
major components of the proposed water works system for the city using a river as
source of supply. Assume suitable data.
UNIT 3 General Requirements for water supply
1. Explain the flow chart of public water supply system Sources.
2. What are different types of intake structures?
3. In a water supply scheme to be designed for serving a population of 4 lakhs, the
storage reservoir is situated at 8 km away from the city and the loss of head from
source to city 16 meters. Calculate the size of the supply main by using
Weishbach formula as well as by using Hezen’s formula assuming a maximum
daily demand of 200 litres per day per person and half of the daily supply to be
pumped in 8 hours. Assume coefficient of friction for the pipe material as 0.012
in Weishbach formula, and CH=130 in Hazens formula.
4. Explain different types of Pumps used in water supply system.
5. Water has to be supplied to a town with one lakh population at the rate of 150
litres per capita per day from a river, 1.8 km away . The difference in elevation
between the lowest water level in the sump and service reservoir is 36 meters.
Determine the size of the main and the horse power of the pump required.
Assume suitable data where necessary.
