ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF AFGHANISTAN

KABUL MUNICIPALITY

KABUL MUNICIPALITY ROAD DESIGN TEAM

Standard Technical Specification for the project

Table of Contents Standard Technical Specification

STANDARD TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Table of Contents
I. Scope of Works 1-4
1. Introduction 1
2. Project Location 2
3. Current Situation of the Road 3
4. Typical Cross Section and Future Development 3
5. Sub Surface Conditions 4

II. General Technical Specification

Section 1: General 1 - 53

101 Introduction 1
102 Definitions 1
103 Scope of Work 3
104 Mobilization 4
105 Materials 10
106 Construction Equipment 11
107 Drawings 12
108 Site Information 13
109 Setting Out 14
110 Public Utilities 16
111 Arrangement for Traffic during Construction 18
112 General Rules for the Measurement of Works for Payment 21
113 Scope of Rates for Different Items of Work 21
114 Methodology and Sequence of Work 24
115 Use of Surfaces by Construction Traffic 24
116 Living Quarters, Sheds, and Stores 25
117 Quality Control 25
118 Safety Management 37
119 Environmental Aspect 53

Section 2: Earthworks 65 - 117

201 Site Clearance (Clearing and Grubbing) 65-67

201.1 Scope of Work 65
201.2 Preservation of Property/Amenities 65
201.3 Methods, Tools and Equipments 65
201.4 Disposal of Materials 66
201.5 Method of Measurement 67
201.6 Rates 67

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Table of Contents Standard Technical Specification

202 Removal of Structures and Obstructions 68-71

202.1 Scope of Work 68
202.2 Dismantling Culverts and Bridges 69
202.3 Dismantling Pavements and Other Structures 70
202.4 Back-filling 70
202.5 Disposal of Materials 70
202.6 Method of Measurement 71
202.7 Rates 71

203 Road Excavation 72-81

203.1 Scope of Work 72
203.2 Classification of Excavated Material 72
203.3 Construction Operations 74
203.4 Plying of Construction Traffic 79
203.5 Preservation of Property 79
203.6 Preparation of Cut Formation 80
203.7 Method of Measurement 80
203.8 Rates 81

204 Structure Excavation 81-86

204.1 Scope of Work 81
204.2 Classification of Excavation 82
204.3 Construction Operations 82
204.4 Method of Measurements 86
204.5 Rates 86

205 Embankment and Fill 87-101

205.1 Scope of Work 87
205.2 Material Requirements 87
205.3 Construction Operations 89
205.4 Construction of Embankment and Subgrade under special
95
Conditions
205.5 Plying of Traffic 100
205.6 Surface Finish and Quality Control of Work 100
205.7 Subgrade Strength 100
205.8 Measurements for Payment 100
205.9 Rates 101

206 Subgrade Preparation 102-104

206.1 Scope of Work 102
206.2 Construction Operation 102
206.3 Method of Measurement 103
206.4 Rates 104

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207 Turfing with Sods 104-107

207.1 Scope of Work 104
207.2 Materials 104
207.3 Construction Operations 105
207.4 Measurements for payment 106
207.5 Rates 107

208 Seeding and Mulching 107-110

208.1 Scope of Work 107
208.2 Materials 107
208.3 Seeding Operations 108
208.4 Mulching, Applying Bituminous Emulsion and Jute
109
Netting/Geonetting
208.5 Maintenance 110
208.6 Method of Measurement 110
208.7 Rates 110

209 Geotextile 111-117

209.1 Scope of Work 111
209.2 Submittals 112
209.3 Delivery, Storage and Handling 112
209.4 Materials 113
209.5 Execution 114
209.6 Measurements of Payment 117

Section 3: Road Works 118 - 217

301 Sub Base Course 118-122
301.1 Scope of Work 118
301.2 Preparation of underlying Material 118
301.3 Materials 118
301.4 Mix Design 119
301.5 Equipment 120
301.6 Layer Thickness 120
301.7 Compaction 120
301.8 Initial Tests 121
301.9 In-Place Tests 121
301.10 Field Density Tests 122
301.11 Method of Measurement 122
301.12 Rates 122

302 Base Course 123-127

302.1 Scope of Work 123
302.2 Materials 123
302.3 Strength of Sub-Base 124
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302.4 Construction Operation 124

302.5 Surface Finish and Quality Control of Work 126
302.6 Method of Measurement 126
302.7 Rates 127

303 Prime Coat 127-129

303.1 Scope of Work 127
303.2 Materials 127
303.3 Construction Operation 128
303.4 Method of Measurement 129
303.5 Rates 129

304 Tack Coat 130-132

304.1 Scope of Work 130
304.2 Materials 130
304.3 Construction Operation 131
304.4 Method of Measurement 132
304.5 Rates 132

305 Seal Coat 132-137

305.1 Scope of Work 132
305.2 Materials 133
305.3 Construction Operations 135
305.4 Opening to traffic 136
305.5 Method of Measurement 137
305.6 Rates 137

306 Asphalt Concrete 137-152

306.1 Scope of Work 137
306.2 Materials 138
306.3 Mixture Design 141
306.4 Construction Operations 145
306.5 Opening to Traffic 152
306.6 Method of Measurement 152
306.7 Rates 152

307 Bituminous Work in Connection with Maintenance and Repairs 154-159

307.1 Scope of Work 154
307.2 Filling Potholes and Patch Repairs 154
307.3 Crack Sealing 157
307.4 Dusting 159

308 Control of Alignment, Level and Surface Regularity 160-162

308.1 Scope of Work 160
308.2 Horizontal Alignment 160

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308.3 Surface Levels 160

308.4 Surface Regularity of Pavement Courses 161
308.5 Rectification 162

309 Footpaths, Medians, Separators and Islands 165-169

309.1 Scope of Work 165
309.2 Materials 165
309.3 Construction Requirements 167
309.4 Method of Measurement 169
309.5 Rates 169

310 Concrete Curbs and Surface Gutters 169-172

310.1 Scope of Work 169
310.2 Materials 170
310.3 Type of Construction 170
310.4 Construction Requirements 170
310.5 Method of Measurement 172
310.6 Rates 172

311 Guide Stone 172 - 173

311.1 Scope of Work 172
311.2 Materials 173
311.3 Construction Requirements 173
311.4 Method of Measurement 173
311.5 Rates 173

312 Road Marking 174 - 176

312.1 Scope of Work 174
312.2 Materials 174
312.3 Construction Requirements 174
312.4 Method of Measurement 176
312.5 Rates 176

313 Traffic Signs 176 - 182

313.1 Scope of Work 176
313.2 Materials 177
313.3 Traffic Signs Having retro-reflective Sheeting 178
313.4 Installation 181
313.5 Method of Measurement 182
313.6 Rates 182

314 Traffic Signals 182 - 217

314.1 General 182
314.2 Signal Controllers 183
314.3 Singal Heads and Pedestrian Push Buttons 202

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314.4 Signal Installation 207

314.5 Poles and Mast Arms 213
314.6 Technical Support and Spares 215
314.7 Method of Measurement 217
314.8 Rates 217

Section 4: Concrete Works 218 - 262

401 Structural Concrete 218 - 246
401.1 Scope of Work 218
401.2 Materials 218
401.3 Grade of Concrete and their use 225
401.4 Proportioning of Concrete 227
401.5 Admixtures 229
401.6 Equipment 229
401.7 Mixing Concrete 231
401.8 Transporting, Placing and Compaction of Concrete 232
401.9 Construction Joints 233
401.10 Concreting Under Water 235
401.11 Adverse Weather Conditions 236
401.12 Protection and Curing 237
401.13 Finishing 240
401.14 Tolerances 241
401.15 Tests and Standards of Acceptance 242
401.16 Method of Measurement 245
401.17 Rates 246

402 Reinforcing Steel 246 - 253

402.1 Scope of Work 246
402.2 Material 246
402.3 Bending of Reinforcement 249
402.4 Placing of Reinforcement 249
402.5 Bar Splices 251
402.6 Testing and Acceptance 252
402.7 Method of Measurement 252
402.8 Rates 253

403 Formwork 253 - 262

403.1 Scope of Work 253
403.2 Materials 253
403.3 Design of Formwork 254
403.4 Workmanship 254
403.5 Formed Surface and Finish 257
403.6 Precautions 258
403.7 Preparation of Formwork Before Concrete 258
403.8 Removal of Formwork 260

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403.9 Re-Use of Formwork 260

403.10 Specialized Formwork 261
403.11 Tests and Standards of Acceptance 262
403.12 Method of Measurement 262
403.13 Rates 262

Section 5: Masonry Works 263 - 280

501 Brickworks 263 - 271
501.1 Scope of Work 263
501.2 Materials 263
501.3 Cement Mortar 264
501.4 Soaking of Bricks 265
501.5 Joints 265
501.6 Laying 265
501.7 Jointing Old and New Work 266
501.8 Curing 267
501.9 Scaffolding 267
501.10 Equipment 268
501.11 Finishing of Surfaces 268
501.12 Architectural Coping for Wing/Return/Parapet Wall 270
501.13 Acceptance of Work 270
501.14 Method of Measurement 271
501.15 Rates 271

502 Stone Masonry 272 - 280

502.1 Scope of Work 272
502.2 Materials 272
502.3 Type of Masonry 272
502.4 Construction Operations 272
502.5 Scaffolding 279
502.6 Weep Holes 279
502.7 Jointing with Existing Structures 279
502.8 Architectural Coping for Wing/Return/Parapet Walls 279
502.9 Tests and Standard of Acceptance 279
502.10 Method of Measurement 280
502.11 Rates 280

Section 6: Steel Works 281 - 307

601 Scope of Work 281 - 307
601.1 Description 281
601.2 Materials 281
601.3 Fabrication 283
601.4 Erection 291
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601.5 Painting 299

601.6 Galvanizing 303
601.7 Tests and Standards of Acceptance 306
601.8 Method of Measurement 306
601.9 Rates 307

Section 7: Drainage 308 - 332

701 Pipe Culverts 308 - 313
701.1 Scope of Work 308
701.2 Materials 308
701.3 Excavation for Pipe 308
701.4 Bedding for Pipe 309
701.5 Laying of Pipe 310
701.6 Jointing 311
701.7 Backfilling 311
701.8 Headwalls and other Ancillary Works 312
701.9 Opening to Traffic 312
701.10 Method of Measurement 312
701.11 Rates 313

702 Concrete Ditches, Manholes and Catch Basins 313 - 327

702.1 Scope of Work 313
702.2 Materials 313
702.3 Construction Requirements 315
702.4 Steel Grating Covers for Drainage Ditches 316
702.5 Method of Measurement 326
702.6 Rates 327

703 Mortared Stone Pitching 328 - 328

703.1 Scope of Work 328
703.2 Materials 328
703.3 Construction Requirements 328
703.4 Method of Measurement 328
703.5 Rates 328

704 Cleaning and Reconditioning Existing Drainage Structures 328 - 330

704.1 Scope of Work 328
704.2 Materials 329
704.3 Construction Requirements 329
704.4 Method of Measurement 330
704.5 Rates 330

705 Inlet/Outlet for Slab/Pipe Culverts 330 - 332

705.1 Scope of Work 330
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705.2 Materials 331

705.3 Construction Requirements 331
705.4 Method of Measurement 331
705.5 Rates 332

Section 8: Utilities 333 - 356

801 Street Lighting 333- 353
801.1 General 333
801.2 Scope of Work 333
801.3 Quality Assurance 334
801.4 Drawings and Documents 335
801.5 Standards and Regulations 337
801.6 Materials 338
801.7 Construction Requirements 346
801.8 Method of Measurement 352
801.9 Rates 353

802 Civil Works for Electrical Items 353 - 355

802.1 Scope of Work 353
802.2 Materials 353
802.3 Construction Requirements 353
802.4 Method of Measurement 355
802.5 Rates 355

803 Spare Ducts 355 - 356

803.1 Scope of Work 355
803.2 Materials 355
803.3 Construction Requirements 356
803.4 Method of Measurement 356
803.5 Rates 356

Section 9: Miscellaneous 353 - 373

901 Landscaping 358 - 363
901.1 Scope of Work 358
901.2 References 358
901.3 Materials 358
901.4 Preparation 359
901.5 Provision of Plants 359
901.6 Planting 360
901.7 Trees and Shrubs 360
901.8 Planting Boxes 362
901.9 Plantation Circles 362

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901.10 Cleaning Up 362

901.11 Nursing 362
901.12 Method of Measurement 363
901.13 Rates 363

902 Surface Treatment of Steel 364 - 368

902.1 Scope of Work 364
902.2 Materials 364
902.3 Construction Requirements 365
902.4 Method of Measurement 368
902.5 Rates 368

903 Bus Stop Shelther 368 - 371

903.1 Scope of Work 368
903.2 Materials 369
903.3 Method of Measurement 370
903.4 Rates 371

904 Gabions 371 - 373

904.1 Scope of Work 371
904.2 Materials 371
904.3 Construction Requirements 372
904.4 Method of Measurement 373
904.5 Rates

905 Cobble Stone Pavement

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Section 1: General General Technical Specification

SECTION 1: GENERAL ‫ عمومیات‬:1 ‫بخش‬

101 Introduction ‫ معرفی‬101

Technical Specifications consist of General and ‫مشخصات تخنیکی شامل شرایط عمومی و‬
Special Technical Specifications. ‫ شرایط عمومی باید‬.‫شرایط خاص میباشد‬
General Technical Specification (GTS) shall ‫معموال باالی تمام کارهای سرک که الزم‬
commonly apply to all the road works as executed ‫است تحت "پروژه های سرک سازی شاروالی‬
under Kabul Municipality Road Construction .‫کابل" اجر گردد‬
‫شرایط خاص مشخصات تخنیکی ضروریات‬
Projects.
‫خاص را نظر به مشخصات هر جز در شرایط‬
Special Technical Specification (STS) supplement,
.‫ تعدیل و افزود می کند‬،‫عمومی ضمیمه‬
modify and add special requirements to the
‫در صورت بروز هر گونه تناقص یا اختالف‬
General Technical Specification depending on the ‫بین مشخصات عمومی و خاص مشخصات‬
characteristics of each component. In case there ‫ اولویت باید به مشخصات خاص‬،‫تخنیکی‬
are any contradictions or discrepancies between .‫تخنیکی داده شود‬
General and Special Technical Specifications, the ‫ مطابق به‬،‫افزودن مشخصات ویژه‬
priority shall be given to the Special Technical ‫مشخصات هر جز به مشخصات استاندارد‬
Specifications. .‫آن اضافه و آنرا اصالح میسازد‬
In every case, the works shall be carried out to the ‫ کارها باید طبق رضایت‬،‫در تمام حاالت‬
satisfaction of the Engineer to the location, lines, ‫ درجات‬،‫ ابعاد‬،‫ خطوط‬،‫انجنیر در ساحه‬
dimensions, grades and cross sections shown on ‫و مقاطع نشان داده شده در نقشه انجام‬
the drawings or as indicated by the Engineer. The ‫ پروسس مواد طبق‬،‫ کیفیت مواد‬.‫گردد‬
quality of materials, processing of materials as ‫ ویژگی های برجسته کار‬،‫ضرورت در ساحه‬
‫ساخت و ساز و کیفیت کار تمام شده‬
may be needed at the site, salient features of the
‫باید مطابق به مقتضیات مندرج در‬
construction work and quality of finished work
‫ جایی که نقشه ها‬.‫بخشهای بعدی باشد‬
shall comply with the requirements set forth in ‫و مشخصات یک قسمت از کار را فقط بشکل‬
succeeding sections. Where the drawings and ‫ نه بشکل‬،‫عمومی نشان داده باشد‬
Specifications describe a portion of the work in ‫ باید درک گردد که فقط‬،‫معلومات مکمل‬
only general terms, and not in complete detail, it ،‫بهترین روش کار عمده در چنین حالت‬
shall be understood that only the best general ‫مواد و محصول کار با کیفیت عالی بکار‬
practice is to prevail, materials and workmanship ‫رفته و با هدایات انجنیر کامال مطابقت‬
of the best quality are to be employed and .‫داشته باشد‬
instructions of the Engineer are to be fully
complied with.

102 Definitions ‫ تعریفات‬102

The words like Contract, Contractor, Engineer ،‫ قراردادی‬،‫لغات مانند قرارداد‬
(synonymous with Engineer-in-charge), Drawings, ،)‫انجنیر (همانند با انجنیر مسئول‬
Employer, Government, Works, Work Site, and ‫ ساحه‬،‫ کار‬،‫ دولت‬،‫ کارفرما‬،‫نقشه ها‬
Days (Calendar days) used in these Specifications )‫کار و روز ها (روز های تقویم‬
shall be deemed to have the meaning as ‫استفاده شده در این مشخصات را باید‬
‫پنداشته شود که معانی آن طبق تعریفات‬
understood from the definitions of these terms
‫داده شده آنان در شرایط عمومی داده‬
given in the General Conditions of Contract.
.‫شده قرارداد باشد‬
The following abbreviations shall have the
‫مخففات ذیل باید دارای چنین معانی‬
meaning as set forth below: :‫باشند‬

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Section 1: General General Technical Specification

AASHTO American Association ‫دولتی‬ ‫انجمن‬ : AASHTO

of State Highway and ‫آمریکایی‬ ‫مقامات‬
Transportation ‫و‬ ‫شاهراه‬
Officials ‫ترانسپورت‬
ASTM American Society for ‫آمریکایی‬ ‫مجتمع‬ ASTM
Testing and Materials ‫برای آزمایشات و‬
‫مواد‬
ACI American Concrete ‫انستیتیوت‬ ACI
Institute ‫آمریکایی کانکریت‬
BS British Standard ‫استانداردهای‬ BS
published by the British ‫بریتانیایی منتشر‬
Standards Institution ‫توسط‬ ‫شده‬
‫انستیتیوت‬
‫استانداردهای‬
‫بریتانیایی‬
CBR California Bearing ‫پایداری‬ ‫نسبت‬ CBR
Ration ‫کالیفورنیا‬
Cum or m3 Cubic meter(s) ‫متر مکعب‬ Cum or m3
Dia. or φ Diameter ‫قطر‬ Dia. or φ
Drg. or Dwg Drawing ‫نقشه‬ Drg. or Dwg
ha Hectare ‫هکتار‬ ha
HDPE High Density ‫پولی اتلین دارای‬ HDPE
Polyethylene ‫کثافت بیشتر‬
PVC Poly Vinyl Chloride ‫وینایل‬ ‫پولی‬ PVC
‫کلوراید‬
JIS Japan Industrial ‫استانداردهای‬ JIS
Standard ‫صنعتی جاپان‬
Kg Kilogram(s) ‫کیلوگرام‬ Kg
kN Kilo Newton ‫کیلو نیوتن‬ kN
Lin. m or m Linear meter(s) ‫متر‬ Lin. m or m
Ltr Liter(s) ‫لیتر‬ Ltr
Max. Maximum ‫حداکثر‬ Max.
Min. Minimum ‫حد اقل‬ Min.
mm Millimeter(s) ‫ملی متر‬ mm
mm2 Square millimeter(s) ‫ملی متر مربع‬ mm2
Mpa Mega Pascal ‫میگا پاسکال‬ Mpa
N Newton ‫نیوتن‬ N
N/mm2 Newton per square ‫نیوتن در ملی متر‬ N/mm2
millimeter ‫مربع‬
no. no Number ‫تعداد‬ no. no
P.C. Pre-stressed Concrete ‫کانکریت از قبل‬ P.C.
‫فشرده‬

R.C. Reinforced Concrete ‫کانکریت سیخدار‬ R.C.

sqm or m2 Square meter(s) ‫متر مربع‬ sqm or m2
T or ton Metric ton ‫تن‬ T or ton

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Section 1: General General Technical Specification

103 Scope of Work ‫ الیحۀ وظایف‬103

103.1 Description of Works
(1) The work to be carried out under the Contract ‫) کار تحت قرارداد باید شامل اقالم‬1(
shall consist of the various items as generally ‫گوناگون به طوری کلی در اسناد‬
described in the Bid Documents as well as in ‫داوطلبی و همچنین در بل احجام‬
the Bill of Quantities furnished in the Bid ‫قیمت دار مندرج در اسناد داوطلبی‬
Documents. .‫دارا باشد‬

(2) The works to be performed shall also include ‫) کارهای که باید انجام شود شامل‬2(
all general works preparatory to the ‫تمام کارهای عمومی مقدماتی ساخت‬
construction of roads, drainage and all other ‫ آبرو و تمام‬،‫و ساز جاده ها‬
related works. The works shall include work of ‫ کار ها‬.‫کارهای مربوطه دیگر باشد‬
any kind necessary for the due and ‫باید شامل هر نوع کار ضروری برای‬
satisfactory construction, completion and ‫ تکمیل کار و مراقبت‬،‫ساخت و ساز‬
‫کارها طبق نقشه ها و مشخصات ذیل‬
maintenance of the works to the intent and
‫و نقشه های بعدی و هدایات داده‬
meaning of the drawings and these
.‫شده انجنیر در هر زمان باشد‬
Specifications and further drawings and
‫الیحۀ وظایف قراردادی باید شامل‬
orders that may be issued by the Engineer ‫ خواه‬،‫تمام شرایط عمده قرارداد‬
from time to time. The scope of work shall ‫مشخصا در ماده های این مشخصات‬
include compliance by the Contractor with all ،‫ تمام مواد‬،‫ذکر شده باشد و یا نه‬
General Conditions of Contract, whether ،‫تولیدی‬ ‫های‬ ‫دستگاه‬ ،‫آالت‬
specially mentioned or not in the various ،‫ آب‬،‫ مواد سوخت‬،‫ ابزار‬،‫تجهیزات‬
clauses of these Specifications, all materials, ،‫چوبی‬ ‫های‬ ‫تخته‬ ،‫وآمد‬ ‫رفت‬
apparatus, plant, equipment, tools, fuel, ،‫ذخایر‬ ،‫دفترها‬ ،‫ترانسپورت‬
water, strutting, timbering, transport, offices, ‫ و‬،‫ کارگران‬،‫ کارمندان‬،‫ورکشاپ‬
stores, workshop, staff, labor and the ‫مناسب و‬ ‫تهیه کار های محافظ‬
provision of proper and sufficient protective ‫ احاطه و تنویر‬،‫ انحرافات‬،‫کافی‬
‫ این همچنین شامل ایمنی‬.‫موقتی‬
works, diversions, temporary fencing and
‫ محل‬،‫ کمک های اولیه‬،‫کارگران‬
lighting. It shall also include safety of workers,
‫سکونت مناسب برای کارمندان و‬
first-aid equipment, suitable accommodation
‫کارگران همراه با تدارک مناسب‬
for the staff and workmen with adequate ‫ تامین و نگهداری تمام‬،‫بهداشتی‬
sanitary arrangements, the effecting and ،‫ پرداخت تمام دستمزد‬،‫بیمه ها‬
maintenance of all insurances, the payment of ،‫ حق االمتیاز‬،‫ فیس ها‬،‫معاشات‬
all wages, salaries, fees, royalties, duties or ‫وظایف و یا دیگر مصارفیکه بعد از‬
other charges arising out of the erection of ‫احداث کار و پاک کاری مرتب‬
works and the regular clearance of rubbish, ‫ تثبیت و پاکسازی الزم ساحه‬،‫زباله‬
reinstatement and clearing-up of the site as ‫ حفظ عامه و‬،‫بعد از اتمام کار‬
may be required on completion of works, ‫ محافظت محیط زیست‬،‫محافظت کار ها‬
safety of the public and protection of the .‫و اراضی متصل باشد‬
works, environmental protection and
adjoining land.

(4) The Contractor shall ensure that all actions are ‫) قراردادی باید مطمئن باشد که‬3(
taken to build in quality assurance in the ‫تمام اقدامات ساختمانی برای‬
planning and execution of works. The quality ‫تضمین کیفیت در برنامه ریزی و‬

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Section 1: General General Technical Specification

assurance shall cover all stages of work such ‫ تضمین‬.‫اجرای کارها صورت میگیرد‬
as setting out, selection of materials, selection ‫کیفیت باید شامل تمام مراحل کار‬
of construction methods, selection of ،‫مواد‬ ‫انتخاب‬ ،‫تنظیم‬ ‫مانند‬
equipment and plant, deployment of ‫ انتخاب‬،‫انتخاب روش های ساختمانی‬
personnel and supervisory staff, quality ،‫تجهیزات و دستگاه های تولید‬
،‫توظیف پرسونل و کارکنان نظارتی‬
control testing, etc. The work of building in
‫آزمایشات کنترول کیفیت و غیره را‬
quality assurance shall be deemed to be
‫ کار ساخت و ساز در‬.‫دربر گیرد‬
covered in the scope of the work. ‫تضمین کیفیت باید در الیحۀ وظایف‬
.‫تحت پوشش قرار گیرد‬
(5) The Contractor shall furnish, at least 15 days ‫ روز قبل‬15 ‫) قراردادی باید حد اقل‬4(
in advance of commencement of work, his ،‫ برنامه خود را‬،‫از آغاز کار‬
program, the method of working he intends to ‫میتودیکه برای انجام بخشهای‬
adopt for various items of work such as site ،‫مختلف کار مانند پاک کاری ساحه‬
clearance, earthworks, pavement ‫ اعمار فرش‬،‫کندنکاری و پرکاری‬
construction, drainage works, curbstones, ‫ جدول های‬،‫ کار های آبراه‬،‫جاده‬
‫ نصب عالیم‬،‫ خط اندازی جاده‬،‫جاده‬
road markings, installation of traffic signs,
‫ و‬،‫ کارهای روشنایی جاده‬،‫ترافیکی‬
street lighting works, and such other items for
‫چنین کارهای دیگریکه از سوی‬
which the Engineer demands the submission
.‫انجنیر درخواست روش کاری میشود‬
of the method of working. He shall provide ‫او باید اطالعات مربوط به جزئیات‬
information regarding the details of the ‫روش کار و تجهیزات را که او‬
method of working and equipment he ‫پیشنهاد استعمال و قابل قبول‬
proposes to employ and satisfy the Engineer ‫انجنیر را در مورد کفایت و ایمنی‬
about the adequacy and safety of the ‫توسط‬ ‫شده‬ ‫پذیرفته‬ ‫های‬ ‫روش‬
methods adopted by the Contractor which ‫ که در هر‬،‫قراردادی ارائه می کند‬
will, however, rest on the Contractor, ‫ صرف نظر‬،‫ بر اساس قراردادی‬،‫صورت‬
irrespective of any approval given by the .‫از هر نوع تاییدی انجنیر‬
Engineer.

104 Mobilization
104.1 Scope of work
104.1.1 Definition
The extent of mobilization activities required for
this Contract will be dependent upon the type and
volume of work to be performed, as specified
elsewhere in the Contract Documents, and in
general will conform to the following :

a) Mobilization Requirements for all Contracts

i) Land purchase or rental for the

Contractor’s base camp and for the
construction activities.

4|Section 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

ii) Mobilization of the Contractor’s

Personnel in accordance with the
implementing organization structure
which has been approved by the
Engineer including all labors required for
implementation and completion of the
work in the Contract.

iii) Mobilization and installation of

Construction Plant in accordance with
the list of equipment stipulated in the
Proposal, from their existing locations to
the sites where they are to be used
under this Contract.

iv) Provision and maintenance of the

Contractor’s base camp, including as
necessary, site offices, living quarter,
workshops and stores, etc.

v) Strengthening of Existing Bridges for

Transportation of Construction
Equipment.

b) Mobilization Requirements for Field Offices

and Facilities for Engineer

These requirements will be provided in other

Contract as the case may be.

c) Mobilization Requirements for Quality Control

Facilities

The provision and maintenance of the laboratory

of material quality testing and fieldwork should be
in compliance with the requirements specified as
the case may be. The laboratory building and
equipment, when supplied under this Contract,
shall remain the property of the Contractor at the
completion of the activities of the works.
When the provision of field laboratory and
laboratory equipment are not specifically
nominated in the scope of work of this Contract as
specified in Contract Data, quality control
facilities, including as necessary, such laboratory

5|Section 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

facilities and services as is required to meet the

quality control provisions of these Specifications,
shall be supplied by the approved Laboratory
Testing Services.

d) Demobilization Requirements for all

Contracts

Demobilization of the Site by the Contractor at

the end of the Contract, including the removal of
all installation, Construction Plant and equipment
from Government owned land, and the
restitution of the Site of its original condition
prior to the Commencement Date of Works.

104.1.2 Mobilization Period

The mobilization of all items listed in Article
104.1.1.a shall be completed within period of 28
days from the Commencement Date of Works,
except the items approved by the Engineer.
Every failure of Contractor to complete the
mobilization of quality control facilities and
services as above specified, shall make the
Engineer perform such kind of work deemed
necessary and shall charge with the full actual cost
plus 10% (ten percent) to the Contractor, in which
the cost will be deducted from every payment
paid or to be paid to the Contractor in accordance
with this Contract

104.1.3 Submittals
The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer a
Mobilization Program to the detail and timing as
specified in these Specifications.
Where the strengthening of existing structures of
the construction of temporary bridges or
embankments on roads adjacent to the project
site is required to facilitate the movement of the
Contractor’s equipment, plant or materials, details
of such temporary works shall also be submitted
concurrently with the Mobilization Program in
accordance with the requirements of these
Specifications.

6|Section 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

104.2 Mobilization Program

1) Within 7 days after Notice to Proceed the
Contractor shall perform a Pre Construction
Meeting attended by the Employer, Engineer,
Engineer Representative (if any), and
Contractor to discuss all technical and non
technical matters for the activities.
The agenda in the meeting shall include the
followings, but shall not limit to:

a) Introduction

b) Synchronization of Organization
Structure:
i) Organization Structure of the
Employer
ii) Organization Structure of the
Contractor
iii) Organization Structure of the
Engineer

c) Field Problems:
i) Row of Way
ii) Materials Sources
iii) Base Camp Location

d) Representative of the Contractor

e) Submission

f) Approval

g) Work Completion Document/First Hand

Over of Completed Work

h) Work Planning:
i) Chart of Schedule Implementation of
Contract shows time and sequence
of main activity to form the Work
ii) Mobilization Planning
iii) Relocation Planning
iv) Management Planning and Safety
Traffic
v) Inspection Planning and Testing

7|Section 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

vi) Document of Environmental

Mitigation and Monitoring Plan, or at
least the standard and procedure of
environmental mitigation applicable
specific for the activity

i) Communication and Correspondence

j) Implementation Meeting and

implementation schedule of work

k) Reporting and monitoring

2) Within 14 days after the Preparation

Implementation Meeting, the Contractor shall
submit to the Engineer for his approval a
mobilization program (including bridge
strengthening programme, if any) and
construction progress schedule.

3) The Mobilization Program shall specify the

timing of all applicable mobilization activities
listed in Article 104.2 and shall incorporate the
following additional information:

a) Location of Contractor's base camp with a

general location plan and detailed site plan
showing the locations of the Contractor's
office, workshop, stores, stone crusher and
installation plants asphalt, together with
the laboratory when such facilities are
included in the Scope of the Contract.

b) Equipment delivery schedule indicating the

current location of all equipment listed in
the schedules submitted with the Bid,
together with the proposed means of
transport and scheduled arrival dates at
site.

c) Any changes in the equipment and staffing

schedules submitted with the Bid for which
the Contractor needs the approval of the
Engineer.

8|Section 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

d) A detailed list indicating the structure

which required strengthening for safe
passage of construction traffic, the
proposed execution methodology and the
scheduled starting and finishing dates for
strengthening of each structures.

e) An overall progress schedule in the format

of a bar chart showing each of the major
mobilization activities and a progress curve
measured in terms of percentage
completion.

104.3 Method of Measurement

1) Measurement
Measurement of mobilization progress will be
assessed by the Engineer against the approved
overall progress schedule for mobilization
described in Article 104.2 above.

2) Basis of Payment
Mobilization shall be paid for on a proportional
lump sum basis according to the schedule given
below, which payments shall constitute full
compensation for furnishing and placing all
equipment, and for all labor, materials, tools and
incidentals necessary to complete the work
described in these Specifications. However, the
Engineer may, along the Contract Period, order
the Contractor to add laboratory equipments as
necessary without any change of the lump sum
price for Mobilization.

The payment of the lump sum price is carried out

in three instalments as follows:

a) 50 % (fifty percent) when mobilization is 50

% complete and the laboratory testing
facilities have been fully mobilized.

b) 20 % (twenty percent) when all major items

of equipment are on site and accepted by
the Engineer.

9|Section 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

c) 30 % (thirty percent) on completion of

demobilization.

In the event that the Contractor does not

complete mobilization in accordance with the
Article 104.2 the amount to be certified by the
Engineer for payment will be the full percentage
installments of the Lump Sum price for
Mobilization less an amount of 1 (one percent) of
the value of the installment for each day’s delay in
completion up to a maximum of 50 (fifty) days.

104 (a) Mobilization Lump Sum

105 Materials ‫ مواد‬105

105.1 General ‫ عمومیات‬105.1
Unless otherwise specifically provided in this ‫به جز اینکه مشخصا در قرار داد ارائه‬
Contract, all items incorporated in the completed ‫ تمام اقالم گنجانیده شده‬،‫شده باشد‬
work, such as plant, materials and other articles ‫ مانند دستگاه های‬،‫در کار تکمیل شده‬
are to be new and the most suitable grade for the ‫ مواد و دیگر موارد باید جدید‬،‫تولیدی‬
‫ به جز‬.‫و با مناسبترین درجه باشد‬
purpose intended. Unless otherwise specifically
‫اینکه مشخصا در این قرارداد ارائه‬
provided in this Contract, reference to any plant,
،‫ مرجع به هر دستگاه تولیدی‬،‫شده باشد‬
material, article, or patented process, by trade
،‫ و یا روند اعطا شده‬،‫ موارد‬،‫مواد‬
name, maker, or catalogue number, shall be ‫ و یا تعداد‬،‫ سازنده‬،‫با نام تجاری‬
regarded as establishing a standard or quality and ‫ باید به عنوان ایجاد یک‬،‫فهرست‬
shall not be construed as limiting competition, and ‫استاندارد یا کیفیت در نظر گرفته و‬
the Contractor may, at his option, use any plant, ،‫نباید به عنوان رقابت محدود ساخته‬
material, article, or process which, in the ،‫ در نظر خودش‬،‫و قراردادی میتواند‬
judgment of the Engineer, is equal to that named. ‫ و‬،‫ موارد‬،‫ مواد‬،‫هر دستگاه تولیدی‬
Unless otherwise specified or instructed, all ‫ برابر‬،‫ در قضاوت انجنیر‬،‫یا روندیکه‬
proprietary materials shall be used in accordance .‫ استفاده نماید‬،‫به آن نامگذاری شده‬
with the Manufacturer's instructions. ‫بجز اینکه مشخص و یا هدایت گردیده‬
When required by the Engineer, the Contractor, ‫ تمام مواد اختصاصی باید طبق‬،‫باشد‬
‫دستورالعمل تولید کننده استفاده‬
before placing any order for materials or
.‫گردد‬
manufactured articles to be incorporated in the
‫ قبل‬،‫ قراردادی‬،‫درصورت ضرورت انجنیر‬
Permanent Works, shall submit for approval a
‫از فرمایش هر نوع مواد و یا محصوالت‬
complete description of such items, the names of ‫تولید شده در کار های دائمی گنجانده‬
the firms from whom he proposes to obtain them, ‫ اسامی‬،‫ باید جزئیات کامل‬،‫شود‬
and a list of such of the items that he proposes the ‫ و لیست تمام چنین موارد را‬،‫شرکتها‬
firms should supply. When so directed, the ‫ زمانیکه به چنین نیاز‬.‫ارائه کند‬
Contractor shall submit samples and certificates ‫ قراردادی باید‬،‫جزئیات نیاز باشد‬
for approval. ‫نمونه ها و گواهی نامه ها را برای‬
.‫تاییدی ارائه نماید‬

10 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

105.2 Storage of Materials ‫ نگهداشت مواد‬105.2

(a) Materials shall be stored so as to ensure ‫) مواد باید طوری ذخیره شوند که‬a(
preservation of their specified quality and fitness ‫کیفیت مشخص و تناسب آن برای کار حفظ‬
for the work. They shall be placed on a hard, clean ‫ پاک‬،‫ آنها باید در یک سطح سخت‬.‫گردد‬
.‫ باید پوشیده شود‬،‫و در صورت لزوم‬
surface and, when required, they shall be placed
‫مواد ذخیره شده باید برای تسهیل‬
under cover. Stored materials shall be located so
‫ ملکیت‬.‫بازرسی سریع نگهداری شود‬
as to facilitate prompt inspection. Private property
‫شخصی نباید بدون اجازه نامه کتبی‬
shall not be used for storage purposes without ‫مالک و اجاره دار و پرداخت به آنها‬
written permission of the owner and lessee and .‫برای ذخیره مواد بکار رود‬
payment to them, if necessary.

(b) The stockpile site shall be prepared by clearing

and leveling as directed by the Engineer.
‫) محل ذخیره سازی باید طبق هدایت‬b(
.‫انجنیر تمیز و هموار گردد‬
(c) The center of all aggregate stockpile areas shall
be raised and sloped to the sides as required so as ‫) مرکز تمام ساحات ذخیره جغل باید‬c(
to provide proper drainage of excess moisture. ‫بلند و بطرف کناره ها طبق ضرورت مایل‬
The material shall be stored in such manner as to ‫گردد تا از زیادی رطوبت جلوگیری‬
‫ مواد باید طوری ذخیره‬.‫بعمل آید‬
prevent segregation and coning and to ensure
‫گردد تا از جداسازی و مخلوط شدن‬
proper gradation and moisture content. Coarse ‫جلوگیری شود و از درجه بندی و رطوبت‬
aggregate storage piles shall be built up and ‫ انبار های‬.‫مناسب اطمینان حاصل گردد‬
removed in layers not exceeding one meter. The ‫جغل بزرگدانه باید در الیه های که‬
‫ احداث و‬،‫بیش از یک متر نباشد‬
height of such stockpiles shall be limited to five
‫ ارتفاع این چنین انبار‬.‫برداشته شود‬
meters. .‫ متر محدود گردد‬5 ‫ها باید تا‬

105.3 Royalties ‫ حق االمتیازات‬105.3

The Contractor shall be responsible for all ‫قراردادی باید مسئول تمام خسارات و‬
compensation and royalties due in respect of ‫ هیچ پرداخت‬.‫حق االمتیازات مواد باشد‬
‫جداگانه برای خسارات و حق االمتیازات‬
quarried materials. No separate payment will be
‫ اما تمام هزینه های‬،‫صورت نمیگردد‬
made for the compensation of royalties, but all
‫آن باید به صورت قیمت واحد قابل اجرا‬
such costs shall be included in the applicable unit
‫و مجموعا در بل احجام قیمت دار ذکر‬
price and total of the Bill of Quantities. .‫گردد‬

106 Construction Equipment ‫ تجهیزات ساختمانی‬106

In addition to the general conditions indicated in ‫برعالوه بر شرایط عمومی ذکر شده در‬
the Contract Documents, the following conditions ‫ شرایط ذیل را در استفاده‬،‫قرارداد‬
regarding use of equipment in works shall be :‫تجهیزات برای کار باید مدنظر گرفت‬
satisfied:

(1) The Contractor shall be required to give a trial ‫) قراردادی برای حاصل نمودن قناعت‬1(
run of the equipment for establishing their ‫انجنیر در رابطه به طرز کار‬
capability to achieve the laid down ‫تجهیزات باید استفاده ازمایشی‬
Specifications and tolerances to the ‫تجهیزات را اجرا نماید؛‬
satisfaction of the Engineer before
commencement of the work;

11 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

(2) All equipment provided shall be of proven ‫) تمام تجهیزات ارائه شده باید از‬2(
efficiency and shall be operated and ‫کارآیی اثبات شده باشد و در همه‬
maintained at all times in a manner ‫زمان به نحوی که به انجنیر قابل‬
acceptable to the Engineer; ‫ استفاده و نگهداری‬،‫قبول باشد‬
‫شود؛‬

(3) All the plant/equipment to be deployed on ‫تجهیزات‬/‫) تمام دستگاه های تولیدی‬3(
the works shall be got approved from the ‫مورد استفاده در کار باید از‬
Engineer for ensuring their fitness and ‫انجنیر برای اطمینان از آمادگی و‬
efficiency before commencement of work; ‫کارایی آنها قبل از شروع کار‬
‫تأیید شود؛‬

(4) Any material or equipment no meeting the ‫) هر مواد و یا تجهیزات ایکه قابل‬4(
approval of the Engineer shall be removed ‫قبول انجنیر قرار نگیرد باید‬
from the site forthwith; ‫بالفاصله از ساحه دور گردد؛‬

(5) No equipment will be removed from site ‫) هیچ تجهیزات نباید بدون اجازه‬5(
without permission of the Engineer; and ‫انجنیر از ساحه دور گردد؛ و‬

(6) The Contractor shall also make available the ‫) قراردادی باید طبق هدایت انجنیر‬6(
equipment for site quality control work as ‫تجهیزات کنترول کیفیت برای ساحه‬
directed by the Engineer. ‫را نیز فراهم نماید؛‬

107 Drawings ‫ نقشه ها‬107

(1) The Contract Drawings provided for bidding
purposes shall be as contained in the Bid
Documents and shall be used as a reference
only. The Contractor should visualize the
nature and type of work contemplated and to
ensure that the rates and prices quoted by
him in the Bill of Quantities have due
consideration of the qualitative and
quantitative variations, as may be found at
the site and complexities of work involved
during actual execution/construction.

(2) The bided rates/prices for the work shall be

deemed to include the cost of preparation,
supply and delivery of all necessary drawings,
prints, tracings and negatives which the
Contractor is required to provide in
accordance with the Contract.

(3) The Contractor shall prepare the necessary ‫) قراردادی باید تمام نقشه های‬3(
working drawings including road plans and ‫ضروری که شامل پالن سرک و پروفایل‬
profiles taking into consideration of the ‫سرک با در نظر داشت سروی‬

12 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

topographical survey of the existing site ‫توپوگرافی ساحات موجوده مهیا‬

conducted by the Contractor. Three (3) copies ‫ کاپی‬۳ ‫ ازنقشه های متذکره‬.‫نماید‬
of drawings, on the basis of which actual ‫به اساس نقشه های اصلی بخاطر‬
execution of the work is to proceed, with ‫پیشبرد امور ساختمانی تهیه نماید‬
electronic copy shall be submitted to the ‫و همراه با سافت کاپی این نقشه‬
Engineer for approval, 28 days prior to the ‫ روز قبل به انجنیران قبل از‬28 ‫ها‬
commencement of any work. ‫شروع هرنوع کار ساختمانی ارسال‬
.‫گردد‬
(4) Examination and/or approval by the Engineer ‫) زمانیکه نقشه ها و یا اسناد دیگر‬4(
of any drawings or other documents ‫که برای تایید انجنیر برای ان‬
submitted by the Contractor shall not relieve ‫مدت‬ ‫دراین‬ .‫شد‬ ‫داده‬ ‫تسلیم‬
the Contractor of his responsibilities or ‫قراردادی ازمسوولیت های که در‬
liabilities under the Contract. ‫قبال قرارداد دارد بازهم مسوول‬
.‫ان میباشد‬

(5) The Contractor shall prepare and submit ‫) قراردادی مسوول تهیه وتسلیم دهی‬5(
three (3) sets of “As-Built” Drawings with ‫ کاپی نقشه های ازبلت همرا با‬3
electronic copy, including plans, profile, cross ،‫سافت کاپی انها که شامل پالن ها‬
sections and details of the roads, structures ‫مقاطع‬ ‫جزییات‬ ،‫ها‬ ‫پروفایل‬
and facilities, prior to the commencement of ‫ساختمان ها و دیگر تسهیالت مربوط‬
the Tests on Completion as indicated in the ‫و تکمیل‬ ‫ازانجام‬ ‫قبل‬ ‫سرک‬
General Conditions of Contract.
‫ازمایشات نماید طوریکه در شرایط‬
.‫عمومی قرارداد تذکر داده شده است‬

108 Site Information ‫ معلومات ساحوی‬108

(1) The information about the site of work and ‫) معلومات کامل در مورد ساحات کاری‬1(
site conditions in the Bid Documents is given ‫دراسناد داوطلبی قرارداد جهت‬
in good faith for guidance only but the ‫رهنمایی قراردادی ارایه میشود‬
Contractor shall satisfy himself regarding all ‫مگر قراردادی باید بخاطر حاصل‬
aspects of site conditions. ‫نمودن اطمینان بیشتر از ساحه کاری‬
.‫دیدن نماید‬

(2) The location of the works and the general site ‫) موقعیت ساحه کاری و مشخصات عمومی‬2(
particulars are as generally shown on the Site ‫ساحه مورد نظر معموال در سایت پالن‬
plan/Index plan enclosed with the Bid ‫و اندکس پالن شامل اسناد داوطلبی‬
Documents. .‫میباشد‬

(3) Whereas the right-of-way to the road sites ‫) در جاهایکه محدوده جاده در ساحات‬3(
shall be provided to the Contractor by the ‫که سرک از ان عبورمیکند توسط‬
Engineer, the Contractor shall have to make ‫انجنیر مشخص میشود ولی قراردادی‬
his own arrangement for the land required by ‫باید بخاطر انجام فعالیت های‬
him for site offices, labor camps, stores, etc. ‫ساحوی دفاتر ساحویی محل بودباش‬
‫برای کارگران شامل مسوولیت های‬
.‫قراردادی میباشد‬
(4) The Contractor shall make all arrangements, ‫) مسوولیت های قراردادی شامل تنظیم‬4(
inclusive of payment, if necessary, for the use ‫ پرداخت کرایه برای زمین‬-‫همه امور‬

13 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

of any land required for working areas ‫های مورد ضرورت ان بیرون از‬
outside the site or right-of-way, and the ‫ شاروالی‬.‫محدوده جاده میباشد‬
Employer will not accept any liability in ‫کابل هیچ نوع مسوولیت برای پرداخت‬
connection with the use of such land. Any ‫استفاده ازچنین زمین ها و‬
exceptions to this will be given in the Special ‫جایدادها نمیباشد هر نوع استثنا‬
‫در این مورد در هنگام داوطلبی‬
Technical Specification (STS) or at the time of
‫قرارداد در یک ماده مشخص باید‬
Bidding.
.‫ارایه شود‬

109 Setting Out ‫ اغاز کار‬109

(1) The Contractor shall establish working Bench ‫) بعد از اینکه قراردادی ساحه کاری‬1(
Marks tied with the reference Bench Mark in ‫مورد نظر را تسلیم شد باید بنچ‬
the area soon after taking possession of the ‫مارکهای مورد ضرورت را به اساس‬
site. The reference Bench Mark for the area ‫بنچ مارک های مرجع در ساحه تعین‬
shall be as indicated in the Contract ‫ بنچ مارک ها مرجع در اسناد‬.‫نماید‬
Documents and the values of the same shall ‫قرار داد نشان داده شده و قیمت ان‬
‫باید مطابقت کامل با قیمت که از‬
be obtained by the Contractor from the
‫نزد انجنیر گرفته میشود داشته‬
Engineer. The working Bench Marks shall be
‫ حد عقل چهار بنچمارک کاری‬.‫باشد‬
at the rate of four per km and also at or near
‫در هر کیلومتر و باید نزدیک به‬
all drainage structures, over-bridges and ‫ پل‬، ‫تمام ساختمان های آبرو ها‬
underpasses. The working Bench ‫ ارتفاع‬.‫ها و پلچک ها نشانی شود‬
Marks/levels shall be approved by the ‫این بنچمارک های کاری توسط‬
Engineer. Checks must be made on these ‫ در هر ماه یک‬.‫انجنیر تایید شود‬
Bench Marks once every month and ‫بار بخاطر دقت ارتفاع انها چک‬
adjustments, if any, as agreed by the Engineer ‫گردد ویا اینکه نظربه موافقت رسمی‬
and recorded. An up-to-date record of all .‫انجنیر در وقفه های معین چک گردد‬
Bench Marks including approved ‫جدیدترین معلومات ثبت بنچ مارک‬
adjustments, if any, shall be maintained by ‫ها شامل تنظیمات تایید شده توسط‬
the Contractor and also a copy shall be ‫قراردادی مراعات شود و یک کاپی ان‬
.‫به انجنیر برای نگهداری داده شود‬
supplied to the Engineer for his record.

(2) The lines and levels of formation, side slopes, ‫) تنظیم خطوط و ارتفاعات برای ترتیب‬2(
drainage works, carriageways and shoulders ‫ عرض موثر‬،‫ آبرو ها‬،‫میالن جانبی‬
shall be carefully set out and frequently ‫جاده و شانه ها بشکل بسیاردقیق‬
checked, care being taken to ensure that ‫ومحتاطانه تنظیم شود و وقتآ فوقتآ‬
correct gradients and cross-sections are ‫ توجه زیاد درقسمت میالن‬،‫چک گردد‬
obtained everywhere. .‫ها و مقاطع صورت گیرد‬

(3) In order to facilitate the setting out of the ‫) بخاطر تسهیل وتنظیم امور کاری و‬3(
works, the centerline of the carriageway or ‫فعالیت های ساختمانی خط مرکزی‬
roadway must be accurately established by ‫عرض موثر جاده ویا جاده بشکل‬
the Contractor and approved by the Engineer. ‫بسیار دقیق توسط قراردادی باید‬
It must then be accurately referenced in a ‫تعین گردید و توسط انجنیر تایید‬
manner satisfactory to the engineer, every ‫ این خط مرکزی بشکل بسیار‬.‫شود‬
‫دقیق و نظر به مرجع ومطابق به‬
50m intervals in plain and rolling terrains and
‫ متر در ساحات‬50 ‫خواست انجنیر در هر‬

14 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

20m intervals in hilly terrain and in all curve ‫هموار و در ساحات ناهموار در هر‬
points as directed by the Engineer, with ‫ متر و در تپه ها وهمه گوالیی ها‬20
marker pegs and chainage boards set in or ‫ و‬.‫نظر به هدایات انجنیر تعین شود‬
near the fence line, and a schedule of ‫توسط میخ ها و تخته های معلوماتی‬
reference dimensions shall be prepared and ‫نزدیک به خط فینس النین نشانی‬
‫ یک پالن مرجع از ابعاد تهیه‬،‫شود‬
supplied by the Contractor to the Engineer.
‫گردیده و به انجنیر تسلیم داده‬
These markers shall be maintained until the
‫این میخ های نشانی و تخته‬. ‫شود‬
works reach finished formation level and are ‫های معلوماتی الی ختم کار در ساحه‬
accepted by the Engineer. ‫باید باشد تا هنگام که ارتفاعات‬
.‫مورد قبول انجنیر قرار گیرد‬
(4) On construction reaching the formation level ‫) زمانیکه کارهای ساختمانی به لیول‬4(
stage, the centerline shall again be set out by ‫ساختمانی رسید خطوط مرکزی یکبار‬
the Contractor and when approved by the ‫دیگر توسط قراردادی تنظیم گردیده‬
Engineer, shall be accurately referenced in a ‫ این‬.‫و مورد تایید انجنیر قرار گیرد‬
manner satisfactory to the Engineer by ‫خطوط نظربه مراجع بشکل درست و‬
marker pegs set at the outer limits of the ‫دقیق تعین گردیده و توسط میخ ها‬
formation. .‫در حدود خارجی انها نشان داده شود‬

(5) No reference peg or marker shall be moved or ‫) هیچ میخ ویا نشانی ویا کارعملی‬5(
withdrawn without the approval of the ‫ساختمانی بدون تایید انجنیر صورت‬
Engineer and no earthwork or structural work ‫نگیرد تا زمانیکه خط مرکزی سرک‬
shall be commenced until the centerline has .‫نظر به مرجع تایید شود‬
been referenced.

(6) The Contractor will be the sole responsible ‫) قراردادی مسوول نگهداری تمام‬6(
party for safeguarding all survey monuments, ‫نقاط نشانی شده توسط سروی کننده‬
bench marks, beacons, etc. The Engineer will ‫ برچ ها‬،‫ها مانند بنچ مارکها‬
provide the Contractor with the available ‫ انجنیر معلومات‬.‫وغیره میباشد‬
data necessary for setting out of the ‫دست داشته را برای تنظیم خطوط‬
centerline. All dimensions and levels shown ‫مرکزی برای آغاز کار همراه‬
‫ تمام اندازه‬.‫قراردادی شریک سازد‬
on the drawings or mentioned in documents
‫ها و ارتفاعات که در نقشه ها و‬
forming part of or issued under the contract
‫اسناد نشان داده شده باید توسط‬
shall be verified by the Contractor on the site
‫قراردادی در ساحه چک و تایید شود‬
and he shall immediately inform the Engineer ‫و هرگاه تفاوت و غلطی بین نقشه و‬
of any apparent errors or discrepancies in ‫اسناد ارایه شده نظر به ساحه واقع‬
such dimensions or levels. The Contractor ‫شود به زودترین فرصت به اطالع‬
shall, in connection with the staking out of ‫ قراردادی‬.‫انجنیر رسانده شود‬
the centerline, survey the terrain along the ‫باید در زمان تنظیم و نشانی خط‬
road and shall submit to the Engineer for his ‫ سروی اراضی در طول سرک‬،‫مرکزی سرک‬
approval, a profile along the road centerline ‫ویا مقاطع سرک تایید انجنیر را‬
and cross-sections at intervals as required by .‫حاصل نماید‬
the Engineer.

(7) After obtaining approval of the Engineer, ‫قراردادی‬ ،‫) بعد از تایید انجنیر‬7(
work on earthwork can commence and the ‫میتواند کارهای کندن کاری و‬

15 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

profile and cross-sections shall form the basis ‫پرکاری در طول ویا مقاطع سرک نظر‬
for measurements and payment. The ‫به اندازه های تایید شده شروع‬
Contractor shall be responsible for ensuring ‫نماید و مطابق به کار انجام شده‬
that all the basic traverse points are in place ‫پرداخت‬ ‫پول‬ ‫قراردادی‬ ‫برای‬
at the commencement of the contract and if ‫ قراردادی مسوول است و باید‬.‫میشود‬
‫از تمام نقاط نشانی شده در‬
any are missing, or appear to have been
‫ترایورزهای در ساحه موجود بوده‬
disturbed, the Contractor shall make
‫ و هرگاه‬.‫اطمینان حاصل نماید‬
arrangements to re-establish these points. A ‫کدام نقطه ظاهرآ ناپدید شده باشد‬
"Survey File" containing the necessary data ‫باشد‬ ‫شده‬ ‫خراب‬ ‫ظاهرآ‬ ‫ویا‬
will be made available for this purpose. If in ‫قراردادی باید این نقاط را احیا‬
the opinion of the Engineer, design ‫ یک فایل از امور سروی‬.‫نماید‬
modifications of the centerline or grade are ‫بخاطر انجام این فعالیت در دستر‬
advisable, the engineer will issue detailed ‫ هرگاه‬.‫قرار خواهد گرفت‬ ‫شان‬
instructions to the Contractor and the ‫انجنیر بخواهد درخط مرکزی تغیرات‬
Contractor shall perform the modifications in ‫باید‬ ‫را بوجود بیاورد انجنیر‬
the field, as required, and modify the ground ‫جزییات تغیرات را برای قراردادی‬
levels on the cross-sections accordingly as ‫ارایه نماید و قراردادی مطابق به‬
‫تغیرات جدید فعالیت های ساحوی را‬
many times as required. There will be no
‫ و تغیرات جدید تا زمانی‬.‫انجام دهد‬
separate payment for any survey work
‫در ساحه در مقاطع مطابق به‬
performed by the Contractor. The cost of
‫ در این مرحله‬.‫ضروریات انجام شود‬
these services shall be considered as being ‫مزد اضافی برای انجام هر نوع سروی‬
included in the cost of the items of work in ‫که توسط قراردادی انجام میشود‬
the Bill of Quantities. ‫ قیمت این‬.‫پرداخته نخواهد شد‬
‫خدمات درهنگام قراردادشامل بل‬
.‫احجام قیمت دار شود‬

(8) The work of setting out shall be deemed to be ‫) قیمت اغاز کار باید شامل فعالیت‬8(
a part of general works preparatory to the ‫های عمومی اماده گی برای انجام‬
execution of work and no separate payment ‫کار باشد و مزد جداگانه برای انجام‬
shall be made for the same. .‫این فعالیت در نظر گرفته نشود‬

110 Public Utilities ‫ شبکات خدمات عامه‬110

(1) Drawings scheduling the affected services like ‫) مانند پایپ های ابرسانی اب‬1(
water pipes, sewers, pipelines, cables, gas ‫ کیبل‬،‫ فاضل اب روها‬،‫اشامیدنی‬
ducts etc. owned by various authorities ‫ کیبل های‬،‫ پایپ های گاز‬،‫ها‬
including Public Undertakings and Local ‫مخابراتی وغیره که ملکیت مراجع‬
Authorities included in the Contract ‫مختلف میباشد باید قبل از شروع‬
Documents shall be verified by the Contractor ‫کار توسط قراردادی اسناد مربوط‬
‫به این خدمات عامه با هر مرجعه‬
for the accuracy of the information prior to
‫مربوط گردیده و از صحت معلومات‬
the commencement of any work.
.‫داده شده اطمینان حاصل نماید‬

(2) Notwithstanding the fact that the ‫) با وجود این حقیقت که معلومات‬2(
information on affected services may not be ‫داده شده در مورد موقعیت خدمات‬
exhaustive, the final position of these services ‫مذکور کامل و جامع نبوده بهر حال‬

16 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

within the works shall be supposed to have ‫موقعیت نهایی این خدمات توسط‬
been indicated based on the information ‫مراجع مربوط در پروپوزل اخری‬
furnished by different bodies and to the ‫ارایه شود مرحله وسطی انجام‬
extent the bodies are familiar with the final ‫فعالیت ها در مرحله دیزاین معلوم‬
proposals. The intermediate stages of the ‫نبوده و باید توسط قراردادی‬
‫ بنابرین‬.‫درجریان کار توسعه شود‬
works are, however, unknown at the design
‫قراردادی باید پروگرام مذکور را‬
stage, these being dictated by the
‫در نظر گرفته و اطالعیه های را در‬
Contractor's methods of working. ‫مورد کار یا مدت قطع این خدمات به‬
Accordingly, the Contractor's program must ‫مراجع مربوط با نقشه های ان ارایه‬
take into account the period of notice and ‫فعالیت های‬ ‫ در جریان‬.‫نماید‬
duration of diversionary works of each body ‫ساختمانی قراردادی باید با یک‬
as given on the Drawings and the Contractor ‫هماهنگی نزدیک با ادارات مسوول‬
must also allow for any effect of these ‫این خدمات فعالیت های ساختمانی‬
services and alterations upon the Works and ‫ انجنیر مسوول و‬.‫را به پیش ببرد‬
for arranging regular meetings with the ‫شاروالی کمک های را در قسمت‬
various bodies at the commencement of the ‫هماهنگی بین قراردادی و ادارات‬
Contract and throughout the period of the ‫مسوول فراهم میسازد در جریان‬
‫فعالیت های ساختمانی قراردادی‬
works in order to maintain the required co-
‫باید هیچ نوع مخالفت با تصامیم‬
ordination. The Engineer and the Municipality
.‫ادارات مربوط این خدمات ننماید‬
will assist such coordination with the local
‫و هرگاه قراردادی کدام پیشنهاد‬
authorities. During the period of the Works, ‫امور‬ ‫تغیر درپروگرام‬ ‫برای‬
the Contractor shall have no objection if the ‫ساختمانی از طرف این مراجع مسوول‬
public utility bodies vary their decisions in the ‫دریافت مینماید انرا باید مورد‬
execution of their proposals in terms of .‫تایید قراردهد‬
program and construction, provided that, in
the opinion of the Engineer, the Contractor
has received reasonable notice thereof
before the relevant alterations are put in
hand.

(3) No clearance or alterations to the utility shall ‫) هیچ نوع تغیر در موقعیت این خدمات مجاز نیست مگر‬3(
be carried out unless specially ordered by the .‫اینکه توسط انجنیر مسوول دستور داده شود‬
Engineer.

(4) Any services affected by the Works must be ‫) هرگاه این خدمات توسط فعالیت های ساختمانی متاثر شود‬4(
temporarily supported by the Contractor who ‫قراردادی مسوولیت موقتی نگهداری این خدمات را به‬
must also take all measures reasonably
‫ که این مسوولیت شامل نگهداری این خدمات‬.‫عهده گیرد‬
required by the various bodies to protect
their services and property during the .‫در جریان فعالیت های ساختمانی میباشد‬
progress of the Works.

(5) The Contractor may be required to carry out ‫) قراردادی باید بعضی فعالیت های خاص را انجام دهد به‬5(
certain works for and on behalf of the various ‫نماینده گی از بعضی ارگان های مسوول و همچنان ارایه‬
bodies and he shall also provide, with the
prior approval of the Engineer, such

17 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

assistance to the various bodies as may be ‫نماید بواسطه تایید انجنیر همکاری ها در قسمت های‬
authorized by the Engineer. .‫مختلف با ارگان های مختلف‬

(6) The work of temporarily supporting and ‫) فعالیت های موقتی بخاطر نگهداری خدمات عامه در‬6(
protecting the public utility services during ‫جریان فعالیت های ساختمانی باید شامل قیمت عمومی‬
execution of the Works shall be deemed to be
.‫پروژه بوده و کدام مزد اضافی برای ان پرداخته نمیشود‬
part of the contract and no extra payment
shall be made for the same.

(7) The Contractor may be required to carry out ‫) ممکن است قراردادی برای دور نمودن ویا تغیر موقعیت‬7(
the removal or shifting of certain ‫بعضی از این خدمات بواسطه درخواست های مشخص‬
services/utilities on specific orders from the
‫ این فعالیت ها‬.‫توسط انجنیر مربوط برایشان مزد داده شود‬
Engineer for which payment shall be made to
him. Such works shall be taken up by the ‫زمانی انجام شود که قراردادی تایید انجنیر مسوول و اداره‬
Contractor only after obtaining clearance ‫ واین فعالیت را با دقت‬.‫مسوول این خدمات را حاصل نماید‬
from the Engineer and the relevant .‫تام و مسوولیت های کاری انجام دهد‬
authorities and ensuring adequate safety
measures.

111 Arrangement for Traffic during ‫ تنظیم ترافیک درجریان‬111

‫فعالیت های ساختمانی‬
Construction
111.1 General ‫ عمومیات‬111.1
The Contractor shall at all-time carry out works on ‫قراردادی در جریان فعالیت های‬
the roadway in a manner creating least ‫ساختمانی در ساحات کار فعالیت های‬
interference to the flow of traffic while consistent ‫ساختمانی را طور پیش ببرد که حد‬
with the satisfactory execution of the same. For all ‫عقل ممانعت جریان ترافیک را ایجاد‬
‫ هرگاه فعالیت های بمنظور‬.‫نماید‬
works involving improvements to the existing
‫انکشاف جاده های موجود انجام‬
roadway, the Contractor shall, in accordance with
‫ قراردادی باید فعالیت ها را‬.‫میشود‬
the directives of the Engineer, provide and
‫مطابق به هدایات انجنیر مطابقت‬
maintain, during execution of the work, a passage ‫ و در طول اجرا فعالیت های‬.‫دهد‬
for traffic either along a part of the existing ‫ساختمانی بخش از جاده موجود را‬
carriageway under improvement, or along a ‫برای عبور و مرور ترافیک فراهم‬
temporary diversion constructed close to the ‫ساخته ویا اینکه یک راه موقتی برای‬
roadway. The Contractor shall take prior approval ‫عبور و مرور ترافیک در نزدیک جاده‬
of the Engineer regarding traffic arrangements ‫که کار باالی ان جریان دارد فراهم‬
during construction. ‫ قراردادی قبل از شروع کار‬.‫نماید‬
‫بروی این جاده ها تایید پالن کاری‬
‫خود را از انجنیرمسوول برای عبور و‬
‫مرور ترافیک در این ساحه حاصل‬
.‫نماید‬

18 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

111.2 Passage of Traffic along a part of the ‫ عبور و مرور ترافیک در امتداد‬111.2
Existing Carriageway under Improvement ‫جاده که تحت فعالیت ساختمانی جهت‬
‫بهبود میباشد‬
For widening/strengthening existing carriageway
‫تنظیم عبور و مرور ترافیک در جاده‬
where part width of the existing carriageway is ‫هایکه عرض موجود انها برای گسترش‬
proposed to be used for passage of traffic, treated ‫ترافیک و استفاده از شانه های سرک‬
shoulders shall be provided on the side on which ‫برای عبور و مرور ترافیک از یک کنار‬
work is not in progress. The treatment to the ‫جاده استفاده شود شانه های سرک های‬
shoulder shall consist of providing at least 150 mm ‫موجود باید در سمت که مورد استفاده‬
thick granular base course covered with ‫ توسط جغل که ضخامت‬.‫قرار میگیرد‬
bituminous surface dressing in a width of at least ‫ملی متر و‬150 ‫انها در حدود حد عقل‬
1.5m and the surface shall be maintained ‫ متر‬1.5 ‫یک الیه بیزکورس قیری بعرض‬
throughout the period during which traffic uses ‫ طول متداوم این قسمت ها‬.‫پوشش شود‬
the same to the satisfaction of the Engineer. The ‫ متر در هر محل محدود‬500 ‫معموال به‬
‫ مترفاصله فاصله‬500 ‫میرسد و در هر‬
continuous length, in which such work shall be
20 ‫ متر بطول‬2.5 ‫ متر را به عرض‬20
carried out, would be limited normally to 500 m at
‫در صورت گسترش سرک دو‬.‫متر قیر گردد‬
a place. However, where work is allowed by the ‫خط به چهارخط دو خط اضافی جدید اوآل‬
Engineer in longer stretches passing places at least ‫ساخته شده و ترافیک موجود به ان‬
20m long with additional paved width of 2.5m ‫انحراف داده شود بعدآ ترمیم خطوط‬
shall be provided at every 0.5km interval. ‫درصورتیکه‬ .‫شود‬ ‫انجام‬ ‫موجود‬
In case of widening existing two-lane to four-lane, ‫قراردادی تقاضا برای استفاده از دو‬
the additional two lanes would be constructed ‫هرگاه‬ ‫و‬ ‫نماید‬ ‫موجود‬ ‫سرک‬
first and the traffic diverted to it and only ‫انجنیراستفاده از این دوسرک را‬
thereafter the required treatment to the existing ‫درانصورت‬ ‫بدهد‬ ‫قراردادی‬ ‫برای‬
carriageway would be carried out. However, in ‫قراردادی میتواند ازسرک های موجود‬
case where on the request of the Contractor, work ‫استفاده نماید و قسمت از این سرک‬
‫ها را برای عبور و مرور ترافیک‬
on existing two-lane carriageway is allowed by the
‫ و مقررات فوق نیز قابل‬.‫اختصاص دهد‬
Engineer with traffic using part of the existing
‫ بعد از حاصل نمودن‬.‫اجرا میباشد‬
carriageway, stipulations as in paragraph above
‫اجازه انجنیر شانه های ترمیم شده‬
shall apply. ‫دوباره تخریب گردیده ومواد اضافی‬
After obtaining permission of the Engineer, the ‫ان از ساحه بدور انتقال داده شده و‬
treated shoulder shall be dismantled, the debris ‫ساحه مطابق به هدایات انجنیر پاک‬
disposed of and the area cleared as per the .‫گردد‬
direction of the Engineer.

111.3 Passage of traffic along a Temporary ‫ عبور و مرور ترافیک در امتداد‬111.3

Diversion ‫جاده که تحت فعالیت ساختمانی جهت‬
‫بهبود میباشد‬
In stretches where it is not possible to pass the ‫در قسمت های که عبور و مرور ترافیک‬
traffic on part width of the carriageway, a ‫دریک قسمت ازعرض سرک ممکن نبوده یک‬
temporary diversion shall be constructed with a ‫انحراف موقتی به عرض هفت متر با‬
minimum of 3.5m carriageway and 0.5m earthen ‫ متر از مواد خامه در‬2.5 ‫شانه‬
shoulders on each side with the following ‫هر دوطرف سرک (عرض اعظمی سرک‬
provision for road crust in the 3.5m width or as ‫متر) و با در نظر گرفتن شرایط‬12
directed by the Engineer: ‫ذیل برای تاج سرک‬
(i) 200mm (compacted) granular subbase; )‫ متر(تپک شده سب بیزجغلدار‬200 )i(
(ii) 225mm (compacted) granular base

19 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

course; and ‫سب‬ ‫شده‬ ‫متر(تپک‬ ‫ملی‬ 225 )ii(

(iii) Pre-mix carpet with seal coat/mix seal )‫بیزکورس جغلدار‬
surfacing. ‫) فرش مخلوط قیری و مخلوط پوشش‬iii(
The alignment and longitudinal section of ‫پینه یی ترتیب مقطعه های‬
diversion including junctions and temporary cross – ‫انحراف بشمول تقاطع ها‬
drainage provision shall be as approved by the ‫ابروهای متقابل باید توسط‬
Engineer. .‫انجنیر تایید شود‬

111.4 Traffic Safety and Control ‫ مصوونیت وکنترول ترافیک‬111.4

The Contractor shall take all necessary measures ‫قراردادی باید تمام اقدامات الزم را‬
for the safety of traffic during construction and ‫برای ایمنی –عبور و مرور ترافیک در‬
provide, erect and maintain such barricades, ‫طول مدت فعالیت های ساختمانی انجام‬
including signs, markings, flags, lights and flagmen ‫دهد این اقدامات شامل نصب عالیم‬
as may be required by the Engineer for the ‫نشان گذاری بیرق ها چراغ ها و به‬
‫ و این‬.‫اندازه کافی مهیا سازد‬
information and protection of traffic approaching
‫اقدامات توسط انجنیر مسوول برای‬
or passing through the section of the roadway
.‫سرک های که تحت کار است تایید شود‬
under improvement. Before taking up any
‫قبل از شروع هر نوع فعالیت های‬
construction, an agreed phased program for the ‫ساختمانی یک برنامه برای انحراف‬
diversion of traffic on the roadway shall be drawn ‫ترافیک با مشوره با انجنیر مسول‬
up in consultation with the Engineer. ‫ موانع که دو طرف سرک‬.‫ترتیب گردد‬
The barricades erected on either side of the ‫ویا نزدیک به قسمت های عبور و مرور‬
carriageway/portion of the carriageway closed to ‫ترافیک باید قسمی طراحی شود تا‬
traffic, shall be of strong design to resist violation, ‫درمقابل تخلفات – مقاومت کافی‬
and painted with alternate red and white stripes ‫ وهمچنان با رنگ سیاه‬.‫داشته باشد‬
or otherwise approved by the Engineer. Red ‫وسفید ویا رنگ های دیگر که تایید‬
lanterns or warnings lights of similar type shall be ‫ همچنان چراغ های‬.‫شده باشد رنگ شود‬
mounted on the barricades at night and kept lit ‫هشدار دهنده سرخ مشابه باید بر‬
throughout from sunset to sunrise. ‫موانع نصب شود و در طول شب ازغروب‬
‫روشن‬ ‫افتاب‬ ‫طلوع‬ ‫الی‬ ‫افتاب‬
At the points where traffic is to deviate from its
‫ در نقاط که در ان‬.‫نگهداشته شود‬
normal path (whether on temporary diversion or
‫ترافیک از مسیر نارمل خود انحراف‬
part width of the carriageway) the channel for
‫داده میشود(اگربشکل موقتی باشد‬
traffic shall be clearly marked with the aid of ‫ویاقسمت ازعرض سرک ) کانال برای‬
pavement markings, painted drums or a similar .‫ترافیک باید بشکل واضیح نشانی شود‬
device to the directions of the Engineer. At night, ‫به کمک ستوانه های رنگ شده ویا‬
the passage shall be delineated with lanterns or ‫وسایل مانند ان به اساس هدایات‬
other suitable light source. ‫انجنیر و درهنگام شب این مسیر توسط‬
One-way traffic operation shall be established ‫چراغ ها ویا منابع دیگر نوری روشن‬
whenever the traffic is to be passed over part of ‫ ترافیک یکطرفه زمانی‬.‫نگهداشته شود‬
the carriageway inadequate for two-lane traffic. ‫باید ازسرک عبور و مرور داده شود‬
This shall be done with the help of temporary ‫که عرض سرک به اندازه کافی برای‬
traffic signals or flagmen kept positioned on ‫ این عملیه‬.‫عبور و مرور سرک نباشد‬
‫با استفاده از سیگنال های موقتی‬
opposite sides during all hours. For regulation of
‫ترافیک ویا فالگمن ها در دوطرف‬
traffic, the flagmen shall be equipped with red and
‫متقابل در تمام ساحات کاری انجام‬
green flags and lanterns/lights. ‫ و برای تنظیم ترافیک فالگمن ها‬.‫شود‬

20 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

On both sides, suitable regulatory/warning signs ‫با بیرق های سرخ و سبز و چراغ ها‬
as approved by the Engineer shall be installed for .‫مجهز باشد‬
the guidance of road users. On each approach, at
least two signs shall be put up, one close to the
point where transition of carriageway begins and
the other 60-90m away. The signs shall be of
approved design and of reflective type, if so
directed by the Engineer.

111.5 Maintenance of Diversions and Traffic ‫ نگهداری انحرافات و دستگاه‬111.5

Control Devices ‫های کنترول ترافیک‬
‫ موانع و دیگر‬،‫ چراغها‬،‫اشارات‬
Signs, lights, barriers and other traffic control
‫ و‬،‫دستگاه های کنترول ترافیک‬
devices, as well as the riding surface of diversions
‫همچنان سطح سواری انحرافات باید‬
shall be maintained in a satisfactory condition till ‫طبق هدایت انجنیر تا زمانیکه الزم‬
such time they are required as directed by the ‫باشد به شرایط رضابت بخش نگهاری‬
Engineer. The temporary travelled way shall be ‫ راه سفر موقت باید از خاک‬.‫گردد‬
kept free of dust by frequent applications of ‫نگهداری گردیده و در صورت ضرورت از‬
water, if necessary. .‫آب استفاده گردد‬

111.6 Measurements for Payment and Rate ‫ اندازه گیری برای پرداخت و‬111.6
All arrangement for traffic during construction ‫مقادیر‬
‫تمام آماده گی ها برای رفت و آمد‬
including provision of temporary cross drainage
‫در جریان ساخت وساز بشمول ارائه‬
structures, if required, and treated shoulder as
‫ در صورت‬،‫ساختمانهای آبراه متقابل‬
described in 112.3 above including their ‫ و کتف داده شده با نگهداری‬،‫الزم‬
maintenance, dismantling and clearing debris, ‫ از بین بردن و پاکسازی واریزه‬،‫آن‬
were necessary, shall be considered as incidental ‫ باید جزء آثار‬،‫ در صورت ضرورت‬،‫ها‬
to the works and shall be the Contractor's ‫بوده و مسئولیت قراردادی میباشد که‬
responsibility and deemed to be included in the .‫شامل قیمت قرارداد میباشد‬
Contract Price.

112 General Rules for the Measurement of ‫اندازه‬ ‫ شرایط عمومی برای‬112
Works for Payment ‫گیری کارها برای پرداخت‬
All measurements shall be made in the metric ‫تمام اندازه گیری ها باید در سیستم‬
system. Different items of work listed in the Bill of ‫ اقالم مختلف ذکر شده در‬.‫متریک باشد‬
Quantity shall be measured in accordance with the ‫بل احجام قیمت دار باید طبق روشهای‬
procedures set forth in the relevant sections read ‫داده شده در بخشهای مربوطه شرایط‬
in conjunction with the General Conditions of .‫عمومی قررارداد اندازه گیری شود‬
‫اما چنین روش در قراردادهای کار تمام‬
Contract. The same shall not, however, apply in
.‫یا"لمپ سم" قابل تطبیق نمیباشد‬
the case of lump sum contract.

113 Scope of Rates for Different Items of ‫ هدف مقادیر برای ارقام مختلف‬113
‫کار‬
Work
(1) For item rate Contracts, the Contract unit ‫ نرخ‬،‫) برای قراردادهای نرخ اقالم‬1(
rates for different items of work shall be ‫واحد برای اقالم مختلف قرارداد‬

21 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

payment in full for completing the work to ‫باید بشکل کامل برای تکمیل کار‬
the requirements of the Specifications ‫مطابق مقتضیات مشخصه آن همراه با‬
including full compensation for all the ‫جبران خسارات کامل برای تمام‬
operations detailed in the relevant sections of ‫عملیات های داده شده در بخشهای‬
these Specifications under "Rates". In the ‫مربوطه آن در"نرخ ها" پرداخت‬
‫در صورت نبود هرگونه‬ .‫گردد‬
absence of any directions to the contrary, the
‫باید‬ ‫ نرخها‬،‫دستورالعمل مخالف‬
rates are to be considered as the full inclusive
‫بشکل نرخ کامل برای کار تمام شده‬
rate for finished work covering all labor, ،‫ ضایعات‬،‫ مواد‬،‫بشمول کاریگران‬
materials, wastage, temporary work, plant, ،‫ دستگاه ها تولیدی‬،‫کارهای موقتی‬
equipment, over-head charges and profit as ‫ مصارف باالیی و فواید آن‬،‫تجهیزات‬
well as the general liabilities, obligations, ،‫عمومی‬ ‫مسئولیتهای‬ ‫همچنان‬
insurance and risks arising out of General ‫ بیمه و خطریکه از شرایط‬،‫تعهدات‬
Conditions of Contract. ‫عمده قرارداد بوجود میآید در نظر‬
.‫گرفته شود‬

(2) The item rates quoted by the Contractor shall, ‫) نرخ اقالم داده شده توسط قراردادی‬2(
unless otherwise specified, also include ‫باید شامل و مطابقت با موارد ذیل‬
compliance with/supply of the following: :‫نیز باشد‬
(i) General works such as setting out, ،‫) کارهای عمومی مانند تنظیم‬i(
clearance of site before setting out and ‫پاکسازی ساحه قبل از آغاز کار‬
clearance of works after completion, ‫و پاکسازی کار بعد از تکمیل‬
etc.; .‫آن وغیره‬
‫) یک برنامه مفصل برای ساخت ساز‬ii(
(ii) A detailed program for the construction ‫و اتمام کار با استفاده از‬
and completion of the work (using ‫برعالوه‬ ،CPM/PERT ‫روشهای‬
CPM/PERT technique) giving, in addition ‫ شبکه‬،‫فعالیتهای ساخت و ساز‬
‫مفصل فعالیتهای برای ارسال و‬
to construction activities, detailed
‫ تدارک مواد و‬،‫تایید مواد‬
network activities for the submission
‫ تولید و نصب‬،‫تجهیزات بحرانی‬
and approval of materials, procurement
‫با‬ ‫خاص‬ ‫تجهیزات‬/‫محصوالت‬
of critical materials and equipment, ‫تمام‬ ‫و‬ ،‫آن‬ ‫آزمایشات‬
fabrication of special ‫فعالیتهای کارفرما که باالی‬
products/equipment and their ،‫پیشرفت کار موثر واقع گردد‬
installation and testing, and for all ‫تمام‬ ‫بشمول‬ ،.‫غیره‬ ‫و‬
activities of the Employer that are likely ‫فعالیتهای تجدید شده بر اساس‬
to affect the progress of work, etc., ‫تصامیم گرفته شده در زمانی‬
including updating of all such activities ‫بررسی ساحه و یا طبق هدایات‬
on the basis of the decisions taken at the .‫انجنیر‬
periodic site review meetings or as ‫) نمونه های مواد مختلف که برای‬iii(
directed by the Engineer. ‫استفاده پیشنهاد شده برای‬
‫آزمایشات طبق قرارداد تهیه‬
.‫گردد‬
(iii) Samples of various materials proposed
to be used on the Work for conducting ‫) دیزاین مخلوط ها طبق ماده های‬iv(
‫مربوطه مشخصات دارای نسبتهای‬
tests thereon as required as per the
‫ منابع جغل‬،‫مواد تشکیل شده را‬
provisions of the Contract.
‫ِندر همراه با مخلوط های‬ ‫و ب‬
‫آزمایشی طبق ماده های مربوطه‬

22 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

(iv) Design of mixes as per the relevant ‫مشخصات باید قبل از استفاده‬
Clauses of the Specifications giving ‫در کار برای تاییدی انجنیر‬
proportions of ingredients, sources of ‫ارائه گردد؛‬
aggregates and binder along with ‫) محاسبات مفصل دیزاین و نقشه‬v(
accompanying trial mixes as per the ‫ها برای تمام کارهای موقتی‬
relevant clauses of these Specifications ،‫ چفتی بندی‬،‫(مانند قالب کاری‬
to be submitted to the Engineer for his ‫ تجهیزات‬،‫پایه بندی موقت‬
‫مخصوص رسیدگی و راه اندازی‬
approval before use on the Works;
‫ساختمانی)؛‬
،‫) نقشه های مفصل برای قالبها‬vi(
(v) Detailed design calculations and
‫ تفصیالت‬،‫پایه ها و لنگرگاه ها‬
drawings for all Temporary Works (such
‫ خمی نوار‬،‫کیبلهای پیش تنیده‬
as form-work, staging, centering; ،‫و برنامه برش برای سیخ ها‬
specialized constructional handling and ‫لیستهای مواد برای تولید سیخ‬
launching equipment and the like); ‫ وغیره؛‬،‫بندی ساختمانی‬
‫) گواهی نامه آزمایش فلز نورد‬vii(
(vi) Detailed drawings for templates, ‫و فلز زوب شده طبق مشخصات‬
support and end anchorage, details for ‫مربوطه؛‬
pre-stressing cable profiles, bar bending ‫) آزمایشات اقالم و مواد مختلف‬viii(
and cutting schedules for ،‫ کانکریت‬،‫ سیمنت‬،‫بشمول قیر‬
reinforcement, material lists for ‫پایداری الزمه تحت این مشخصات‬
fabrication of the Specifications; ‫نامه‬ ‫گواهی‬/‫گزارشات‬ ‫و‬
.‫آزمایشات لوازم‬
(vii) Certificate on testing for all mild and ،‫) بررسی گزارشات قالب کاری‬ix(
high tensile steel and cast steel as per ‫ سیخ بندی و دیگر‬،‫چفتی بندی‬
the relevant provisions of the ‫اقالم کار نظر به مشخصات‬
Specifications; ‫مربوطه؛‬
‫) هر معلومات دیگریکه طبق این‬x(
(viii) Testing of various finished items and ‫مشخصات الزم باشد و یا شرایط‬
materials including bitumen, cement, ‫قرارداد و یا هر برنامه‬
‫دیگریکه بخشی از قرارداد‬
concrete, bearings as required under
‫راتشکیل دهد؛‬
these Specifications and furnishing test
‫) هر بخش دیگری از کار که در بل‬xi(
reports/certificates;
‫احجام قیمت دار مشخصا داده‬
‫نشده ولی برای مطابقت با‬
(ix) Inspection Reports in respect of form
‫مقررات قرارداد ضروری است؛‬
work, staging, reinforcement and other
‫ قالب‬،‫) تمام کارهای موقتی‬xii(
items of work as per the relevant ‫کاری و نابکاریها؛‬
Specifications;
‫) ایجاد و پیشبرد یک البراتوار‬xiii(
‫با تسهیالت برای آزمایشات اقالم‬
(x) Any other data which may be required ،‫مختلف کار طبق این مشخصات‬
as per these Specifications or the ‫حتی اگر کدام بخش جداگانهء در‬
Conditions of contract or any other ‫بل احجام قمیت دار برای آن‬
annexures/schedules forming part of ‫ذکر نشده باشد؛‬
the Contract; ‫) هزینه مقررات ساخته شده برای‬xiv(
‫تضمین کیفیت؛‬
(xi) Any other item of work which is not ‫) هزینه حفظ و مراقبت محیط؛ و‬xv(

23 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

specifically provided in the Bill of ‫) هزینه آماده سازی نقشه های‬xvi(

Quantities but which is necessary for ‫تطبیق شده؛‬
complying with the provisions of the
Contract;

(xii) All temporary works, formwork and

false work;

(xiii) Establishing and running a laboratory

with facilities for testing for various
items of works as specified in these
Specifications, where there is no
separate item in the Bill of Quantities for
establishing and running a laboratory;

(xiv) Cost of in-built provisions for Quality

Assurance;

(xv) Cost of safeguarding the environment;

and

(xvi) Cost of providing "as-built drawings".

(3) Portions of road works beyond the limits ‫) بخشهای خارج از محدوده کاری جاده‬3(
and/or any other work may be got ‫و دیگر کارها را کارفرما میتواند‬
constructed by the Employer directly through ‫دیگر‬ ‫های‬ ‫سازمانهای‬ ‫توسط‬
other agencies. Accordingly, other agencies ،‫اساس‬ ‫این‬ ‫بر‬ .‫اجرانماید‬
employed by the Employer may be working in ‫سازمانهای های دیگر درمجاورت‬
the vicinity of the Works being executed by ‫کارهای آغاز شده توسط قراردادی‬
‫ قراردادی‬.‫میتوانند کار نمایند‬
the Contractor. The Contractor shall liaise
‫باید با چنین سازمانها ها ارتباط‬
with such agencies and adjust his
‫داشته باشد و برنامه ساخت و ساز‬
construction program for the completion of
‫خود را مطابق آن برای تکمیل‬
work accordingly and no claim or ‫نمودن کار در وقت تنظیم نموده و‬
compensation due to any reason whatsoever ‫هیچ نوع مطالبه و یا خساره در‬
will be entertained on this account. The ‫ هر‬.‫رابطه پرداخت نحواهد شد‬
employer will be indemnified by the ‫مطالبه در رابطه را قراردادی‬
Contractor for any claims from other agencies .‫برای کارفرما جبران خواهد کرد‬
on this account.

114 Methodology and Sequence of Work ‫ روش و ترتیب کار‬114

Prior to start of the construction activities at site, ‫قبل از آغاز فعالیتهای ساخت و ساز‬
the contractor shall, within 28 days after the date ‫ در جریان‬،‫ قراردادی باید‬،‫در ساحه‬
of the Letter of Acceptance, submit to the ‫ روش‬،‫ روز بعد از تاریخ نامه قبولی‬28
Engineer for approval, the detailed construction ‫تجهیزات‬ ‫بشمول‬ ‫را‬ ‫خویش‬ ‫مفصل‬
‫ترتیب‬ ،‫استفاده‬ ‫قابل‬ ‫میخانیکی‬

24 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

methodology including mechanical equipment ‫فعالیتهای مختلف و برنامه کاری را‬

proposed to be used, Milestones, sequence of ‫از آغاز تا اخیر پروژه برای دریافت‬
various activities and schedule from start to end of ‫ برنامه‬.‫تاییدی انجنیر ارائه دارد‬
the project. Program relating to pavement and ‫قیرریزی و ساخت و ساز کناره ها یا‬
shoulder construction shall be an integrated ‫شولدرز باید یک فعالیت منظم بوده‬
‫ روش و ترتیب کار‬.‫باهم هماهنگ باشند‬
activity to be done simultaneously in a
‫ آبرو‬،‫باید طوری پالن گردد تا حفاظت‬
coordinated manner. The methodology and the
‫ها و جریان ترافیک به حالت مناسب‬
sequence shall be so planned as to provide proper .‫باشد را ارائه دارد‬
safety, drainage and free flow of traffic.

115 Use of Surfaces by Construction Traffic ‫وسایط‬ ‫توسط‬ ‫سطوح‬ ‫ استفاده‬115

‫ساخت و ساز‬
Ordinarily, no construction traffic shall be allowed ‫ هیچ وسایطی نباید باالی سطح‬،‫معموال‬
on pavement under construction unless ‫زیر ساخت و ساز اجازه داده شود مگر‬
authorized by the Engineer. Even in that case the ‫ حتی‬.‫اینکه توسط انجنیر مجاز گردد‬
load and intensity of construction traffic should be ‫در چنین حالت بار و شدت وسایط باید‬
so regulated that no damage is caused to the ‫طوری تنظیم گردد تا هیچ خساره ای به‬
‫سب گرید و الیه های قیر ساخته شده‬
subgrade or pavement layers already constructed.
‫ در صورت ضرورت باید قبل‬.‫وارد نشود‬
Where necessary, service roads shall be
.‫از آغاز کار جاده های کمکی ساخت‬
constructed for this purpose and the same shall be
‫تایر و مسیر حرکت دستگاه های تولیدی‬
considered as incidental to the work. ‫باالی الیه های مختلف قیر باید از مواد‬
The wheels or tracks of plant moving over the .‫زیان آور خالی باشد‬
various pavement courses shall be kept free of ‫الیه قیری بیس کورس الی اینکه بدون‬
deleterious materials. ‫پوش باشد باید با الیه پوشش و یا‬
Bituminous base course shall be kept clean and ‫پردازش سطحی پاک و غیر آلوده نگهداری‬
uncontaminated as long as the same remains ‫ تنها وسایلیکه باالی الیه‬.‫گردد‬
uncovered by a wearing course or surface ‫بیسکورس مجاز است وسایل هموار کاری‬
treatment. The only traffic permitted access to the ‫و وسایل تحکیم کاری ویرنیگ کورس و‬
base course shall be that engaged in laying and ‫یا وسایل که برای وقایه سطح بیس کورس‬
‫ در صورت آلوده شدن الیه‬.‫میباشد‬
compacting the wearing course or that engaged
‫بیسکورس و یا تک کوت باالی الیه‬
on such surface treatment where the base-course
‫ قراردادی باید با پاک‬،‫بیسکورس‬
is to be blinded and/or surface dressed. Should the
‫ و اگر‬،‫نمودن آن طبق رضایت انجنیر‬
base course or tack coat on the base course ‫ الیه را دور‬،‫چنین غیر عملی باشد‬
become contaminated, the Contractor shall make ‫نموده دوبار الیه گذاشته شود و پرداخت‬
good by clearing it to the satisfaction of the .‫اضافی صورت نمیگیرد‬
Engineer, and if this is impracticable, by removing
the layer and replacing it to Specification without
any extra cost.

116 Living Quarters, Sheds, and Stores ،‫ سایبانها‬،‫ محل های بود و باش‬116
‫و ذخیره ها‬
The Contractor shall supply, equip and maintain ‫قراردادی در جریان قرارداد باید‬
for the Contract period all his own living ‫ سایبانها‬،‫تمام اقامت زندگی خود را‬
accommodation, sheds and stores necessary for ‫ و‬،‫و ذخیره های الزم برای آغاز کار‬

25 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

the execution of the Work, and shall make his own ‫همه ترتیبات برای خودش را طبق تاییدی‬
arrangements, subject to the approval of the ‫انجنیر و مالک زمین و در صورت ضرورت‬
Engineers, with the owner of any land required ‫ مجهز و برقرار‬،‫پرداخت آنرا عرضه‬
and, if necessary, pay for its use. .‫دارد‬
The furnishing and maintenance of living quarters, ،‫تجهیز و تعمیر محل های بود و باش‬
‫ و ذخیره ها نباید جداگانه‬،‫سایبانها‬
sheds, and stores shall not be paid separately and
‫پرداخت شده و قیمت تمام اقالم باید‬
deemed to be included in the cost of any items in
.‫در بل احجام قیمت دار ذکر گردد‬
the Bill of Quantities.

117 Quality Control

117.1 Introduction
The publications listed below form a part of this
specification to the extent referenced. The
publications are referred to within the text by the
basic designation only.
ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)
ASTM D 3740 (2004) Minimum requirements for
agencies engaged in the
testing and inspection
of soil and rock as used
in engineering design
and construction
ASTM E 329 (2005B) Agencies
engaged in the testing
and inspection of
material used in
construction
Separate payment will not be made for providing
and maintaining an effective Quality Control
program, and all costs associated therewith shall
be included in the applicable unit prices or lump-
sum prices contained in the Bill of Quantities.

117.2 General Requirements

The Contractor is responsible for quality control

and shall establish and maintain an effective
quality control system in compliance with the
General and Special Conditions of the Contract.
The quality control system shall consist of plans,
procedures, and organization necessary to
produce an end product which complies with the
contract requirements. The system shall cover all
construction work, Operations, both onsite and

26 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

offsite, and shall be keyed to the proposed

construction sequence.

The site project superintendent or quality control

manager shall be responsible for the quality of
work on the job site and is subject to removal by
the Engineer for non-compliance with the quality
requirements specified in the contract. The site
project superintendent or quality control manager
in this context shall be the highest level manager
responsible for the overall construction activities
at the site, including quality and production. The
site project superintendent or quality control
manager or his representative shall maintain a
physical presence at the site at all times, except as
otherwise acceptable to the Engineer, and shall be
responsible for all construction and construction
related activities at the site.

117.3 Quality Control Plan

117.3.1 General
The Contractor shall furnish for review by the
Engineer, not later than 7 days after receipt of
notice to proceed, the Contractor Quality Control
(CQC) Plan proposed to implement the
requirements of the General and Special
Conditions of the Contract. The plan shall include:

1. CQC Organization
2. Names and Qualifications
3. Duties, Responsibilities of QC Personnel
4. Outside Organization
5. Appointment Letters
6. Testing Laboratory Information
7. List of Definable Features of Work
8. Testing Plan and Log
9. Inspection and Documentation
Procedure, Forms
10. Procedures for Performing the Three
Phases of Control in accordance with
Clause 117.6 Control
11. References

27 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

Construction will be permitted to begin only after

acceptance of the CQC Plan or acceptance of an
interim plan applicable to the particular feature of
work to be started. Work outside of the features
of work included in an accepted interim plan will
not be permitted to begin until acceptance of a
CQC Plan or another interim plan containing the
additional features of work to be started.

117.3.2 Acceptance of Plan

Acceptance of the Contractor's plan is required by
the Engineer prior to the start of construction
works. Acceptance is conditional and will be
predicated on satisfactory performance during the
construction works. The Engineer reserves the
right to require the Contractor to make changes in
his CQC Plan and operations including removal of
personnel, as necessary, to obtain the quality
specified.

117.3.3 Notification of changes

After acceptance of the CQC Plan by the Engineer,
the Contractor shall notify the Engineer in writing
of any proposed change. Proposed changes are
subject to acceptance by the Engineer.

117.4 Quality Control Organization

117.4.1 Personnel Requirements
The requirements for the CQC organization are a
CQC System Manager, a construction Quality
Manager, and sufficient number of additional
qualified personnel to ensure safety and contract
compliance. Personnel identified in the technical
provisions as requiring specialized skills to assure
the required work is being performed properly will
also be included as part of the CQC organization.
The Contractor's CQC staff shall maintain a
presence at the site at all times during progress of
the work and have complete authority and
responsibility to take any action necessary to
ensure contract compliance. The CQC staff shall be
subject to acceptance by the Engineer. The
Contractor shall provide adequate office space,
filing systems and other resources as necessary to

28 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

maintain an effective and fully functional CQC

organization. Complete records of all letters,
material submittals, shop drawing submittals,
schedules and all other project documentation
shall be promptly furnished to the CQC
organization by the Contractor. The CQC
organization shall be responsible to maintain
these documents and records at the site at all
times, except as otherwise acceptable to the
Engineer.

117.4.2 CQC System Manager

The Contractor shall identify as CQC System
Manager an individual within the onsite work
organization who shall be responsible for overall
management of CQC and have the authority to act
in all CQC matters for the Contractor. The CQC
System Manager shall be on the site at all times
during construction and shall be employed by the
prime Contractor. The CQC System Manager shall
be assigned as System Manager but may have
duties as project superintendent or quality control
manager in project site. An alternate for the CQC
System Manager shall be identified in the plan to
serve in the event of the System Manager's
absence. The requirements for the alternate shall
be the same as for the designated CQC System
Manager.

117.4.3 CQC Personnel

In addition to CQC personnel specified elsewhere
in the contract, the Contractor shall provide as
part of the CQC organization specialized personnel
to assist the CQC System Manager for the
following areas: electrical, mechanical, structural,
architectural, technician, submittals clerk. These
individuals shall be directly employed by the prime
Contractor and may not be employed by a supplier
or sub-Contractor on this project; be responsible
to the CQC System Manager; be physically present
at the construction site during work on their areas
of responsibility; have the necessary education
and/or experience in accordance with the
experience matrix listed herein. These individuals

29 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

shall perform other duties but must be allowed

sufficient time to perform their assigned quality
control duties as described in the Quality Control
Plan.

117.4.4 Organization Changes

The Contractor shall maintain the CQC staff at full
strength at all times. When it is necessary to make
changes to the CQC staff, the Contractor shall
revise the CQC Plan to reflect the changes and
submit the changes to the Engineer for
acceptance.

117.5 Submittals and Deliverables

Submittals, if needed, shall be made as specified
in technical specification. The CQC organization
shall be responsible for certifying that all
submittals and deliverables are in compliance with
the contract requirements, design drawing and
construction specification. The CQC organization
could reject submittal which will be in conflict with
contract requirements, design drawings and
construction specification and contactor is
responsible to resubmit the required data for
government CQC system manager.

117.6 Control
Contractor Quality Control is the means by which
the Contractor ensures that the construction, to
include that of sub-Contractors and suppliers,
complies with the requirements of the contract. At
least three phases of control shall be conducted by
the CQC System Manager for each definable
feature of the construction work as follows:

(1) Preparatory Phase:

This phase shall be performed prior to beginning
work on each definable feature of work; after all
required plans, documents and materials are
approved or accepted by the Engineer and after
copies are at the work site. This phase shall
include:
a. A review of each paragraph of applicable
specifications, reference codes, and

30 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

standards. A copy of those sections of

referenced codes and standards applicable
to that portion of the work to be
accomplished in the field shall be made
available by the Contractor at the
preparatory inspection. These copies shall be
maintained in the field and available for use
by personnel until final acceptance of the
work.

b. A review of the contract drawings.

c. A check to assure that all materials and/or

equipment have been tested, submitted, and
approved.
d. Review of provisions that have been made to
provide required control inspection and
testing.

e. Examination of the work area to assure that

all required preliminary work has been
completed and is in compliance with the
contract.

f. A physical examination of required materials,

equipment, and sample work to assure that
they are on hand, conform to approved shop
drawings or submitted data, and are properly
stored.

g. Discussion of procedures for controlling

quality of the work including repetitive
deficiencies. Documents all construction
tolerances and workmen-ship standards for
that feature of works,

h. A check to ensure that the portion of the plan

for the work to be performed has been
accepted by the Engineer.

i. Discussion of the initial control phase.

j. The Engineer shall be notified at least 24

hours in advance of beginning the
preparatory control phase. This phase shall

31 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

include a meeting conducted by the CQC

System Manager and attended by the
contractor superintendent or quality control
manager, other CQC personnel (as
applicable), and the foreman responsible for
the definable feature. The results of the
preparatory phase actions shall be
documented by separate minutes prepared
by the CQC System Manager and attached to
the daily CQC report. The Contractor shall
instruct applicable workers as to the
acceptable level of workmanship required in
order to meet contract specifications.

(2) Initial Phase:

This phase shall be accomplished at the beginning
of a definable feature of work. The following shall
be accomplished:

a. A check of work to ensure that it is in full

compliance with contract requirements,
design drawing and construction
specification. Review minutes of the
preparatory meeting.

b. Verify adequacy of controls to ensure full

contract compliance. Verify required control
inspection and testing.

c. Establish level of workmanship and verify

that it meets minimum acceptable
workmanship standards. Compare with
required sample panels as appropriate.

d. Resolve all differences.

e. The Engineer shall be notified at least 24

hours in advance of beginning the initial
phase. Separate minutes of this phase shall
be prepared by the CQC System Manager and
attached to the daily CQC report. Exact
location of initial phase shall be indicated for
future reference and comparison with
follow-up phases.

32 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

f. The initial phase should be repeated for each

new crew to work onsite, or any time
acceptable specified quality standards are
not being met.

(3) Follow-up Phase:

Daily checks shall be performed to assure control
activities, including control testing, are providing
continued compliance with contract
requirements, until completion of the particular
feature of work. The checks shall be made a
matter of record in the CQC documentation. Final
follow-up checks shall be conducted and all
deficiencies corrected prior to the start of
additional features of work which may be affected
by the deficient work. The Contractor shall not
build upon nor conceal non-conforming work.

(4) Additional Preparatory and Initial Phases:

Additional preparatory and initial phases shall be
conducted on the same definable features of work
if: the quality of on-going work is unacceptable; if
there are changes in the applicable CQC staff,
onsite production supervision or work crew; if
work on a definable feature is resumed after a
substantial period of inactivity; or if other
problems develop.

117.7 Tests
117.7.1 Testing Procedure
The Contractor shall perform specified or required
tests to verify that control measures are adequate
to provide a product which conforms to contract
requirements. Upon request, the Contractor shall
furnish to the Engineer duplicate samples of test
specimens for possible testing by the Kabul
Municipality responsible staff. Testing includes
operation and/or acceptance tests when
specified. The Contractor shall procure the
services of a government approved testing
laboratory or establish an approved testing
laboratory at the project site. The Contractor shall

33 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

perform the following activities and record and

provide the following data:

a. Verify that testing procedures comply with

contract requirements.

b. Verify that facilities and testing equipment

are available and comply with testing
standards.

c. Check test instrument calibration data

against certified standards.

d. Verify that recording forms and test

identification control number system,
including all of the test documentation
requirements, have been prepared.

e. Results of all tests taken, both passing and

failing tests, shall be recorded on the CQC
report for the date taken. Specification
paragraph reference, location where tests
were taken, and the sequential control
number identifying the test shall be given.
If approved by the Contracting Officer,
actual test reports may be submitted later
with a reference to the test number and
date taken. An information copy of tests
performed by an offsite or commercial test
facility shall be provided directly to the
Contracting Officer. Failure to submit
timely test reports as stated may result in
nonpayment for related work performed
and disapproval of the test facility for this
contract.

117.7.2 Testing Laboratories Capability Check

The Engineer reserves the right to check
laboratory equipment in the proposed laboratory
for compliance with the standards set forth in the
contract specifications and to check the laboratory
technician's testing procedures and techniques.
Laboratories utilized for testing soils, concrete,

34 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

asphalt, and steel shall meet criteria detailed in

ASTM D 3740 and ASTM E 329.

117.7.3 Onsite Laboratory

The Engineer reserves the right to utilize the
Contractor's selected control testing laboratory
and equipment to make assurance tests, and to
check the Contractor's testing procedures,
techniques, and test results at no additional cost
to the Government. The testing laboratory shall be
third party for testing of all construction material
and it shall be approved by Kabul Municipality CQC
system and project manager.

117.8 Completion Inspection

117.8.1 Punch-Out Inspection:
Near the end of the work, or any increment of the
work established by a time stated in the General
and Special Conditions of Contract or by the
specifications, the CQC Manager shall conduct an
inspection of the work. A punch list of items which
do not conform to the approved drawings and
specifications shall be prepared and submit to the
contractor for incorporation. The list of
deficiencies shall include the estimated date by
which the deficiencies will be corrected. The CQC
System Manager or staff shall make a second
inspection to ascertain that all deficiencies have
been corrected. Once this is accomplished, the
Contractor shall notify the Engineer that the
facility is ready for the Pre-Final inspection.

117.8.2 Pre-Final Inspection:

The Kabul Municipality will perform the pre-final
inspection to verify that the facility is complete
and ready to be occupied. A Kabul Municipality
Pre-Final Punch List may be developed as a result
of this inspection. The Contractor's CQC System
Manager shall ensure that all items on this list
have been corrected before notifying the
Engineer, so that a Final inspection with the
stakeholders can be scheduled. Any items noted
on the Pre-Final inspection shall be corrected in a
timely manner. These inspections and any

35 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

deficiency corrections required by this paragraph

shall be accomplished within the time slated for
completion of the entire work or any particular
increment of the work if the project is divided into
increments by separate completion dates.

117.8.3 Final Acceptance Inspection:

The Contractor's Quality Control Inspection
personnel, plus the superintendent or other
primary management person, and the Kabul
Municipality project manager or its representative
shall be in attendance at the final acceptance
inspection. The final acceptance inspection will be
formally scheduled by the Engineer based upon
results of the Pre-Final inspection. Notice shall be
given to the Kabul Municipality at least 14 days
prior to the final acceptance inspection and shall
include the Contractor's assurance that all specific
items previously identified to the Contractor as
being unacceptable, along with all remaining work
performed under the contract, will be complete
and acceptable by the date scheduled for the final
acceptance inspection. Failure of the Contractor
to have all contract work acceptably complete for
this inspection will be cause for the Engineer to bill
the Contractor for the Kabul Municipality
additional inspection cost in accordance with the
General and Special Conditions of Contract.

117.9 Documentation
The Contractor shall maintain current records
providing factual evidence that required quality
control activities and/or tests have been
performed. These records shall include the work
of sub-contractors and suppliers and shall be on an
acceptable form that includes, as a minimum, the
following information:
a. Contractor/subcontractor and their area of
responsibility.

b. Operating plant/equipment with hours

worked, idle, or down for repair.

c. Work performed each day, giving location,

description, and by whom.

36 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

d. Test and/or control activities performed

with results and references to
specifications and design drawings
requirements. The control phase shall be
identified (Preparatory, Initial, and Follow-
up). List of deficiencies noted, along with
corrective action plan.

e. Quantity of materials received at the site

with statement as to acceptability, storage,
and reference to specifications and design
drawings requirements.
f. Submittals and deliverables reviewed, with
contract reference, by whom, and action
taken.

g. Offsite surveillance activities, including

actions taken.

h. Job safety evaluations stating what was

checked, results, and instructions or
corrective actions.

i. Instructions given/received and conflicts in

plans and/or specifications.

117.10 Notification of Noncompliance

The Engineer will notify the Contractor of any
detected noncompliance with the foregoing
requirements. The Contractor shall take
immediate corrective action after receipt of such
notice. Such notice, when delivered to the
Contractor at the work site, shall be deemed
sufficient for the purpose of notification. If the
Contractor fails or refuses to comply promptly, the
Engineer may issue an order stopping all or part of
the work until satisfactory corrective action has
been taken. No part of the time lost due to such
stop orders shall be made the subject of claim for
extension of time or for excess costs or damages
by the Contractor.

37 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

118 Safety Management

118.1 General
118.1.1 Scope of Work
a) This section covers provisions in handling
health and safety of work to everyone in
working place which related to the
removing of material, using of construction
equipment, production process and
environment surrounding the working
place.

b) The handling of Safety Management Plan

covers the availability of including the
provision of prevention of work accidents
and occupational health protection and the
provision of competent personnel and
organizational control of Safety
Management Plan according to the level of
risk specified by the Engineer.

c) The Contractor shall follow the provisions of

Safety Management stipulated in the
Afghanistan Safety Law & Regulation and
other related regulation.

118.2 Management System and Safety

Management Plan
118.2.1 General
a) The Contractor shall make, apply and keep
the procedure for identifying dangerous, risk
assessment and controlling in sustainable in
accordance with the Safety Management
Plan approved by the Engineer.

b) The Contractor shall involve certified Safety

Manager in work package. The certified Safety
Manager has duty to plan, implement and
evaluate the Management System of Safety
Plan.

c) The Contractor shall make Routine Activity

Report of Safety which shall be sent to the
Engineer.

38 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

d) The Contractor shall implement the Internal

Audit for Safety Management Plan.

e) The Contractor shall review the Safety

Management Plan according to PDCA Cycle
every month during the implementation of
construction work.

e) The Engineer shall anytime inspect the Safety

Management System.

118.2.2 Safety Management Plan

a) The Contractor shall submit Safety
Management Plan for the Engineer’s
approval within 7 days after the
commencement of works.

b) The Safety Management Plan shall include

the minimum contents;
 Basic policy for Safety Management
 Organization for Safety
Management
 Promotion of the PDCA Cycle
 Monitoring System
 Safety Education and training
 Voluntary Safety Management
activities
 Sharing information
 Response to emergencies and
unforeseen circumstances
 Risk Assessment of the works
 Safety work sequence for each
activity

118.3 Public Traffic Safety

(1) The Contractor will be responsible for the
safety of the public legitimately passing
through the site. All excavations, equipment
or items of potential danger to the public must
be barricaded and signposted to the
satisfaction of the Engineer and the
Contractor must provide sufficient watchmen
to ensure the safety of the public at all times.

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All existing pedestrian routes shall be

maintained in a safe condition unless an
alternative route is provided to the
satisfaction of the Engineer.

(2) All works must be carried out in such a way as

to minimize danger to the public and the
workers on the site.

(3) All existing roads used by vehicle of the

Contractor or any of his sub-contractors or
suppliers of materials or plant, and similarly
any new roads which are part of the works and
which are being used by traffic, shall be kept
clean and clear of all dust/mud or other
extraneous materials dropped by the said
vehicles or their tires. Similarly, all dust/mud
or other extraneous materials from the works
spreading on these highways shall be
immediately cleared by the Contractor.

(4) Clearance shall be effected immediately by

manual sweeping and removal of debris, if so
directed by the Engineer, by mechanical
sweeping and clearing equipment, and all
dust, mud and other debris shall be removed
entirely from the road surface shall be hosed
or watered using suitable equipment.

118.4 Field Office and Facility

118.4.1 Washing Facility
The Contractor shall provide adequate washing
facility in accordance with the work executed for all
labor for construction. Washing facility including
hot water supply and cleaning substance for the
following conditions:

- If workers are at risk for skin contamination

caused by toxic substances, the substances
that cause infection and irritation or other
sensitive substances;

- If a worker handling a difficult material

washed from the skin if you use cold water;

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- If workers have to clean the whole body;

- If workers are exposed to conditions of

excessive heat or cold, or work under un
usual wet condition which cause the
workers shall clean all their body, the
Contractor shall provide shower within
adequate number.

118.4.2 Sanitation Facility

a) The Contractor shall provide adequate toilet
whether for men or women employ in the
location of work.

b) Male and female toilets must be separated

with a wall full closed. Toilet should be easily
accessible, have adequate lighting and
ventilation, and protected from the weather. If
the toilet is outside, should be given way to
walk well with adequate lighting along the
pathway. Toilet should be made and located in
manner to must be created and placed so as to
maintain the privacy of people who use them
and made of made of material that is easily
cleaned.

118.4.3 Drinking Water

The Contractor shall provide the supply of drinking
water to all workers with the following provisions:
1) Easily accessed by all workers and labelled
clearly as drinking water;

2) Container for drinking water shall fulfill the

applicable healthy standard;

3) If stored in the container, the container

shall: clean and be protected from
contamination and heat; shall be refilled
with drinking water every day from sources
that meet health standards.

118.4.4 First Aid Facility

1) First Aid Facility shall be in the work place.

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2) In the work place shall always have a

trained worker and/or responsible for First
Aid Facility.

118.4.5 Accommodation, Meals and Cloths

a) Adequate accommodation for workers shall
be available by the Contractor as place for
eat, rest, and protection from weather.

b) The accommodation shall have a clean floor,

furnished with table and chairs, and other
furniture to ensure the availability of place
for rest, eat and protection from weather.

c) Recycle bins shall be provided and cleaned

periodically.

118.4.6 Lighting
a) Lighting shall be available in all workplace,
including in the room, connecting road, stairs
and hallway. All lighting shall be able to turn
on when anyone pass or use it.

b) Additional lighting shall be available for detail

work, dangerous process, or if using
machine.

c) Adequate emergency lighting shall be

available.

118.4.7 Maintenance of Facility

The Contractor shall maintain facilities in clean and
hygienic condition, and shall be accessible by
workers.

118.4.8 Ventilation
a) All workplaces must have a clean air flow.

b) On the condition of a very dusty place for

example place for concrete cutting, utilizing
of chemical hazard such as adhesive
material, and other condition, the
Contractor shall provide protective

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equipment such as respirators respiratory

and eye protection.

118.5 Work Provisions in High Places

118.5.1 General
1) Working in high places (places more than
2m from the ground) shall be performed by
workers who have the knowledge,
experience and have the necessary
resources to complete the work safely.

2) Workers working in high places shall use

safety facilities such as scaffolding, safety
nets and fall catcher system.

118.5.2 Protection around the the work area or

workplace
a) Handrails shall be installed along the open
floor edge of work in accordance with
clause 118.5.3 of this sub section.

b) If the workplace exists above public area

and material or other things fall on to the
public, the area around the workplace shall
be free from access to public or shall be
protected by safety net.

118.5.3 Handrail work site safety

Handrail shall be installed surrounding openings
on the floor or edge of structures and working
platform on scaffolding in such a manner as
follows:
i. 900 – 1100 mm height of the handrail from
the surface;

ii. Having mid-rail;

iii. Having toe board if any risk of the fallen

work tool or material from roof/workplace;

iv. The posts of handrail should be fixed rigidly

on the surface at not more than 1.8m
interval.

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118.5.4 Safety nets

a) Workers who install safety nets should be
protected from fall hazards by the use of
safety harness and scaffolding.

b) Safety nets shall be installed to minimize

gap between nets and the structures.

c) Safety nets shall be installed with sufficient

clearance from the surface of the
ground/floor so that a worker falls on the
net would not be in contact with the
surface of the floor/ ground.

118.5.5 Individual fall arrest system

a) Individual fall arrest system including safety
block, safety harness and static rope. The
workers who are required to use this tool
should be trained first.

b) Workers using safety harness may not work

alone. Workers who fall and hanging on the
safety harness should be saved in not more
than 20 minutes.

c) Notice to use safety facilities such as static

ropes, safety block and safety harness
should be given at terrible points.

118.5.6 Ladder
The ladder shall be used in such a manner as the
follows:
a) Select the type of ladder that match the
work to be done;

b) Provide training in the use of ladder;

c) Tying the top and bottom of ladder to

prevent accidents due to sliding in the
ladder;

d) The top of the ladder shall be extended at

least 1m above the working floor.

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118.5.7 Scaffolding
a) Scaffolding with more than 5m high from
the surface shall be installed and
dismantled only by qualified scaffolder.

b) All scaffolding shall be inspected by

qualified scaffolder before use on daily
basis, after bad weather or other
disturbance which may affect the stability
and when the scaffolding has not been used
for a long time. The result of inspection
shall be recorded, including the correction
made during inspection. The record shall be
signed by the person who inspected.

c) The inspector must ensure that:

 Availability of adequate access on
work floor of scaffolding.
 All vertical components shall be
placed on strong foundation with
jack base plate. A wooden timber
or other means shall be used to
avoid movement and settlement of
vertical components.
 Scaffolding shall be connected with
building/structure already
constructed rigidly to prevent
collapse of scaffolding.
 Should some bracing have been
removed after the scaffolding was
set, additional bracing or other
material should be installed to
strengthen the scaffolding.
 Scaffolding shall have enough
bracing to ensure the stability.
 Vertical components, stick, or strut
shall not be removed.
 Floor deck for working platform
shall be installed correctly and free
from defect and well arranged.
 All floor deck shall be binding
correctly to avoid movement.

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 Handrail shall be installed

surrounding working platform in
accordance with clause 119.5.3.
 In case Scaffolding is designed to
retain material loaded, maximum
loading shall be shown on the
scaffolding.
 Warning sign or safety barriers shall
be installed along the working area
to avoid people from entering.

118.6 Electrical
118.6.1 Electric Supply
Portable electric tool which is used in moist
condition shall meet the followings terms:
- Having supply isolated from earth with not
more than 230 voltages between
conductors.

- Having earth circuit monitored where the

electric supply on the tool automatically
will be terminated if occur damages on
earth.

- Tool should have double insulation.

- Having electric source connected to the

earth in a such manner that the voltage to
earth shall not exceed 55 volt AC; or

- Having residual measurement tool.

118.6.2 Temporary Power Distribution Board

All temporary power distribution boards used in
workplace shall meet the following terms:
- Temporary power distribution board
installed outside the room shall be kept in a
waterproof box.

- The waterproof box shall have a door and

lock. The doors must be designed and
positioned in such a way that shall not
damage the cables connected to the board.

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The door shall be labeled: KEEP THE DOOR

CLOSE.

- All cables installed to power distribution

board shall have identification label
showing the name of usage.

- Having an insulated slot at the bottom part.

118.6.3 Inspection of equipment

All electrical tools and equipment shall be
inspected before using and afterward at least once
in three months. All electrical tools and equipment
shall have inspection checklist showing the latest
inspection date and modification made.

118.6.4 Clearances from power cables

Crane, excavator, drilling rig, or other equipment,
structure or scaffolding shall not be located within
4 m without written permit from the responsible
authorities of power cables.

118.7 Personal Protection

118.7.1 Personal Protective Equipment
The Contractor shall provide personal protective
equipment for the workers in accordance with the
following terms:
- All workers and other personnel involved
shall be trained the way to use personal
protective equipment and understand the
reason for using it.

- The workers shall wear the safety helmet in

any circumstances.

- Eye protection equipment shall be used in

welding jobs, or works which create pieces
of material such as pieces of wood saws or
pieces of concrete that may cause eye
damage.

- Safety shoes with an iron tip at the toe shall

be used by the workers.

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- Noise protection equipment shall be used

during the works with high noise level.

- Safety gloves shall be used during the

works.

- Dust masks shall be used by workers who

are exposed to hazards such as asbestos,
chemical vapors and dust.

- Safety harness shall be used by workers for

works in high places more than 2 m from
the surface.

118.7.2 Danger to the skin

- Workers shall immediately report when
works suffer from skin problems due to the
usage of hazardous materials.

- The workers shall wear trousers and shirts

with long selves to protect the skin.

- The Contractor shall provide facility for

body washing and changing clothes as
mentioned in section 118.4.

118.7.3 Utilization of chemical materials

a) The Contractor shall have procedures to
manage the usage of chemical materials or
hazardous substance in healthy way,
storage procedures, and waste disposal
procedures.

b) All chemical materials shall be stored in

original container in one safety and well
ventilated place.

c) All workers shall be trained for handling

chemical material or hazardous materials
including emergency act.

118.8 Cutting and Welding with High Pressure

Gases
118.8.1 General

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The Contractor shall prevent the potential dangers

as follows:
- Fires due to fuel leak (propane, acetylene),
usually from damage to the hose or the
hose connection.

- Pipe explosion due to leakage of oxygen

hose or incandescent cutter.

- Inhale dangerous fumes from the welding

operation.

- Fires of combustible materials around the

weld.

118.8.2 Cylinder Handling

- Cylinder should not be rolling on the
ground or treated harshly. Cart should be
used for transportation of the cylinder with
hoses tied up.

- Cylinder shall not be placed free standing

alone to prevent collapse.

- Cylinder should not be used immediately

after placed in vertical position.

- The cylinder should be covered by white

clothes to protect from high temperature.

118.8.3 Storage
- All hoses and cutting accessories should be
opened when the work is completed to
ensure that no remaining gas is left inside.

- Cylinder shall be stored in a position away

from combustible materials and sources of
ignition.

118.8.4 Devices
- Only hoses that meet the standards shall be
used. Hose shall be checked everyday for
the signs of damage.

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- Hoses shall be as short as possible. The

hoses shall be connected by hose coupler
and hose clamps.

118.8.5 Fire extinguisher and protective devices

- Flammable materials must be removed
from the working area and adequate fire
extinguishers shall be provided.

- The workers shall use eye protection and

protective clothing to protect from fire.

118.9 Usage of Machinery Tools

118.9.1General
All machinery tools shall be furnished with a user
guide and safety instructions. The copy shall be
always available for operator and field supervisor.

118.9.2 Nailing tools and automatic stapler and

portable
If the Contractor uses nailing tools and automatic
stapler and portable, the following provisions shall
be met:
a) Equipment shall not be directed to people,
although it has security tool.

b) Trigger on Nailing tools and staplers not be

suppressed unless the tip of the tool is
directed to the surface safely.

c) Particular attention should be paid when

maneuvering on the edge of the object.

d) If nailing tools and resources using the

automatic stapler pneumatic, not allowed
to use sources of dangerous gases and
flammable.

e) Damaged tool may not be used.

f) Hearing protection and appropriate eye

protection should be used when using
these tools.

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118.9.3 Portable Power Tools

a) Chainsaw, concrete mixer machine,
concrete cutter and other motorized
equipment must be equipped with safety
devices at all times.

b) The Contractor shall fulfill the following

safety precautions:
- Every operator shall be trained to use
the above tools.
- Use only exact tool and method for
every kinds of work executed.
- Damaged tool or machine may not
be used.
- Cutting tools must be maintained
sharpness.
- Appropriate hearing protection and
eye protection to be used when using
these tools.
- Area near the devices or machine
should e clean.
- Extension cable shall be placed in
manner to avoid damages of
equipment and materials.
- Additional lighting should be
provided when using the tool or
machine.

118.9.4 Lift
a) Lift shall be set up by a qualified person.

b) Lift operator shall be a well trained and

given particular license to operate it.

c) Lift shall be located on a solid foundation

and attached to the building or structure.

d) Access to operator and personnel carry out

the maintenance shall be safe.

e) Lift having minimum height of 2 m, with

side and door fully covered (solid) or
covered using ram wire within minimum
diameter of 3 mm and with maximum

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opening of 9mm. Lift shall be covered with

roof at least from wood slab or plywood
with minimum 18 mm of thickness.

f) Minimum height of door shall be 2 m and

having safe key. Solid door shall have a
transparent panel.

g) Distance from the bottom of the lift to the

ground floor does not exceed 50 mm.

h) Lift shall have a locking mechanism of

electro-mechanical which can only be
opened from the basket and can only be
opened when the basket is on the surface
soil and can prevent the operation of lifting
equipment when the basket is opened.

i) Lifting is controlled in the basket of lift.

j) All parts of the metal should be connected

to earth.

k) The lift shall be equipped with an

emergency stop devices.

l) Description of fabrication, model and

capacity of load shall be attached in the
basket.

m) Shall be available of emergency mechanism

and to remove people trapped in the lift.

n) Emergency alarm should be available in the

lift.

o) Communication devices shall be provided

between operator and other working
personnel.

118.9.5 Crane and Hoist

a) Crane shall be checked every day and shall
be overhauled by a qualified person. The
inspection result shall be recorded.

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b) The equipment shall be furnished with the

latest test certificate.

c) Operator shall be trained, qualified and

above 18 years old.

d) Controlling devices (lever, switch, etc.) shall

be clearly labeled of description.

e) Before carrying out hoist, the load to be

lifted shall only be determined by the
operator.

f) Every jib crane with capacity more than 1

ton shall has safe load indicator checked
every week.

g) Crane shall be set up on solid foundation.

h) Adequate space shall be provided for crane

works.

i) Assistant operator shall be trained to give

signal to operator and to tight the loads
correctly and find out the capacity of crane
hoist.

j) The crane shall be maintain by daily basis.

k) Hoist gear shall be in good condition and

always checked.

118.9.6 Measurement and Payment

All costs for handling and implementing Safety
Management System shall be included in the unit
rate for all works quoted in Bill of Quantities.

119 Environmental Aspect

119.1 Scope
a) This section covers provisions of
handling the environmental impact and
action plan for implementing every civil
work required in the Contract. In many

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aspects, articles from other Section of

this Specification has been taken the
essence and set out here to ensure the
awareness of and compliance with these
provisions.

b) The Contractor shall take all feasible

steps to protect the environmental
(either in or outside the field, including
base camp and other installation under
the control of the Contractor) and limit
the damage and disturbance against
human and property as result of
pollution, noise and other causes of the
operation. The Contractor shall ensure
that the transportation and activities in
material source shall be implemented in
environmentally sound manner.

c) As a way to minimize environmental

disturbance to nearby residents then all
construction activities and
transportation shall be limited in
operation hours as mentioned in the
condition of contracts, unless otherwise
agreed by the Engineer.

d) In order to effectively implement all

Environmental Protection activities
included in this section the Contractor
shall complete column 2 and 3 of
Environmental Mitigation and
Monitoring Plan (EMMP) before or in
the Pre Implementation Meeting and
submit for the approval of the Engineer.
This EMMP shall refer to point (e) under
and also include Appendix 1. This EMMP
shall cover all aspects of
implementation activities in the working
place and all field controlled by the
Contractor.

e) In order to ensure the effective

implementation of all Environmental
Protection activities, the Contractor

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shall complete coloum 4, 5 and 6 of

Environmental Mitigation and
Monitoring Plan per month and submit
for the approval of the Engineer to
identify every paragraph of Clause 120.2
for activities causing loss or negligance
of environmental conditions, details of
activity and the negligance, activities
implemented for reinstatement or
betterment of the negligance. The form
of EMMP recommended shall be
available in Appendix 1.

119.2 Environmental Mitigation Effort

119.2.1 Impact on Water Resource
a) The Contractor shall ensure that impact of
all activities shall not exceed the standard
limits described in the Applicable Law
(first reference of Government Regulation
_____________ regarding Management
of Water Quality and Controlling of Water
Pollution).

b) River or natural waterway in or sided with

the work in this Contract shall not be
disturbed without the approval of the
Engineer.

c) If every excavation of cutting on river base

shall not be able to avoid for
implementation of work as manner, the
Contractor, after completing the work,
refill the excavation to the original
condition of surface or river bed approved
by the Engineer.

d) Material filled out on river area of

foundation or other excavation, or
placement of cofferdam, shall be
removed all after implementation.

e) Waterways shall be relocated to ensure

that the flow shall be bale to pass the
working area without any barrier on every

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level of flood, in which stabilization of

filling or other permanent work in
avoidable shall resist, or partly resist, of
existing waterways.

f) All excavation shall be kept and free of

water and the Contractor shall provide all
materials, equipment and required labor,
to divert the waterway and temporary
waterway making, cut off walls and
cofferdam.

g) Excavation for filling material shall be

forbidden or limited if the excavation shall
disturb all drainages.

h) Every dangerous liquid or dense pollutant,

such as hydraulic oil or lubricating oil, fall
or spill over workplace and environmental
near, base camp, or transportation route
shall be cleaned by the Service Provider in
order to avoid water and soil pollution.
The Engineer shall approve the
completion of cleaning.

i) Adequate way to trap silt in plant

installation shall be provided through
temporary disposal system into
permanent drainage system.

j) Washing of vehicle and equipment of the

Service Provider only may be executed on
particular area designed and equipped
and shall not be allowed for waterway.

119.2.2 Impact on Air Quality

a) The Contractor shall ensure that emission
of all Contractor’s activities including
transportation shall be kept to a minimum
with modern equipment and well
management and maintenance, and
every emission shall not over standard
limit mentioned in the Applicable Law
(refer to Government Regulation

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_____________ regarding Controlling of

Air Pollution)

b) Installation of asphalt plant, stone crusher

and every construction equipment which
not mobile shall be installed as far as
possible from the settlement and other
sensitive area to ensure the minimize of
the disturbance and protest from local
society. The location shall be approved by
the Engineer.

c) Installation of asphalt plant shall be

completed with dust collector furnished
with dry cyclone and wet cyclone atau
filter tube for avoiding dust pollution. If
one of the systems above is out of order
then the installation of asphalt plant
cannot be operated.

d) Truck shall be covered and all cover shall

be tighted.

e) The Contractor shall keep in the working

place adequate water supply for
controlling water level during the placing
and compaction, and shall remove excess
of existing material from the road.

119.2.3 Impact on Noise

The Contractor shall carry out all warnings to
minimize noise and vibration resulted from
construction and transportation, by all vehicles
and equipment, using modern vehicles and
equipment also with well management and
maintenance. The Contractor shall ensure that all
noise and vibration level of the Contractor’s
activities shall be in accordance with Applicable
Law (refer to Ministerial Decree for Environmental
_____________ regarding Standard Level of Noise
and Ministerial Decree for Environmental
_____________ regrading Vibration Level.)

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119.2.4 Impact on Traffic, Adjacent Property and

Utility
a) Provisions in Section _____, regarding
Management and Traffic Safety, shall be
applicable.

b) Ditches excavation or other which cut the

road shall be implemented using half
width of road in manner so that the road
can be kept open for traffic any time.

c) The Contractor shall be responsible for all

effects of traffic and shall forbid this kind
of traffic if necessary by providing
diversion road or implementation of half
road width.

d) All work shall be carried out with

minimum of uncomfortable for road
user and minimum one lane traffic shall
be opened anytime.

e) Any time during the implementation of

Work, the Contractor shall ensure that
pavement, shoulder and sided area in
ROW shall be free from construction
materials, garbage or other release
things which can resist or endanger
freedom and safety traffic. The work
also should be free from illegal parking
lot and trading except those designed
for the purpose.

f) The Contractor shall responsible to obtain

information regarding the existing and
utility underground and to obtain and
pay if necessary for every license
required or other requirement for
diversion or temporary termination.
(Reference : This work shall be
implemented in accordance with
Section 1.18).

g) The Contractor shall responsible to be

careful and protection for every pipe,

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cable, existing underground shell or

other existing structure may be found
and fix every damage to the
underground utility caused by the
operation.

h) All holes on asphaltic pavement and holes

made during the work which have been
completed due to compaction testing or
opposite shall be fixed as soon as
possible after excavating the damage
part, to avoid barrier or danger for
traffic.

i) At anytime during the completion, the

Contractor shall remain road for
entrance way of vehicle and pedestrian
toward to every houses, business area,
industry, etc. Temporary entrance way
shall be provided if the implementation
closer to permanent entrance way for
every period above 16 hours and all
inhabitant and society affected shall be
informed at least in 24 hours for every
impact occurs in entrance way.
119.2.5 Health and Safety of Human
a) Provisions regarding Health and Safety of
Work as stipulated in Section 1.19.

b) The Contractor shall: i) fulfill all applicable

safety regulation (refer to Laws
_____________ regarding Safety of
Work and Laws _____________
regarding Protection of Fire at Work
Location); ii) notice the personnel safety
in the Field; and iii) provide very
Temporary Work (including highway,
pathway, safety an dfence) deemd
necessary, due to the execution of
Work, for advantage and protection for
public and inhabitant of sided area.

c) The Contractor shall carry out elligible

warning to keep health safety of The

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Contractor’s Personnel and shall

appoint an officer of accident
prevention in Field, responsible for
keeping safety and protection against
accident.

d) The Contractor shall always carry out

activity deemed necessary to protect
health and welfare of the Contractor’s
Personnel in Field by ensuring that all
part of working place always maintained
well for the cleanliness and sanitation.

e) Provisions provided in Article 3.1.1.5,

regarding Safety on Excavation Work,
shall be applicable.

f) All dangerous part of construction

equipment and tools such as belt,
pulley, chain, a gear wheel and etc. shall
be protected for safety.

g) Facility for controlling water sanitation

waste material shall be available for
every staff of and laborers and the waste
material shall be collected and thrown
away periodically in accordance with
applicable law (refer to Government
Regulation _____________regarding
Quality Management and Controlling of
Water Pollution, and Laws
_____________ regarding Safety of
Work).

119.2.6 Impact on Flora and Fauna

a) Cutting tree shall be carried out only if
deemed necessary either for widening or
shoulder and determine din particular
and agreed by all parties during field
investigation. Every cutting tree shall be
replaced with two replanting of tree
which is nearly grown up (not young tree)
with the same type or species. (No tree
shall be planted out of ROW). Replanting

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shall be in accordance with Section 8.1

Landscape of this Specification and in
accordance with Pay Item 8.3.3.

b) Within the sensitive area protected

officially, such as National Park, Forestry
Area and all other sensitive area, The
Contractor shall limit the working places,
location of Base Camp, Asphalt Mixing
Plant, Parking lot of vehicles and
construction equipments, Storage area
and etc. to minimize the damage on
natural plants and shall avoid every
damage on land. No base Camp, Asphalt
Mixing Plant, Parking lot of construction
equipments and vehicles, or storage area
allowed only outside of sensitive area.

119.2.7 Impact on Soil

a) The Contractor shall ensure that the soil
surface disturbed by the activities of The
Contractor notwithstanding the limit
stipulated in Applicable Laws (refer to
Government Regulation _____________
regarding Quality Management and
Controlling Water Pollution)

b) During excavation or embankment, in

order to avoid sliding and soil erosion
excavated soil shall not be placed closer
than 2 meters from cutting edge and
filling soil for embankment shall not be
placed closer than 10 meters from edge
of embankment.

119.2.8 Disposal of Pollution

a) Disposal of waste material either solid or
liquid from the construction activity only
applicable if i) in accordance with Article
1.5.3.4. of Section 1.5 Transportation and
Handling as shown below, ii) in
accordance with provisions and license
from responsible agency in Province or
District/City.

61 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

b) If found material that intend to dispos

outside the ROW, The Contractor shall
obtain written permit from the owner of
the land where the disposal material shall
be placed, and the permit shall be copied
to the Enginer with request for execution.

c) If the material to be disposed as the

stipulation mentioned above and the
location of the disposal seen from the road,
The Contractor shall dispose the material
and levelling as manner in order to be
accepted by the Engineer.

119.2.9 Impact on Cultural Heritage

Provisions stipulated in General Conditions
regarding cultural heritage shall be applicable.

119.2.10 Others
a) For every location of taking quarry and
other material sources (whether owned
or not by The Contractor) The Contractor
shall submit the Engineer location of
material sources in detail in accordance
with Article 1.11.1.3 of Section 1.11
Material and Storage. The Contractor also
shall submit the Engineer a route Map of
transportation in accordance with the
Article 1.5.2.1 of Section 1.5
Transportation and Handling which
explain the route to be passed by material
transportation from material source
location. The Engineer may request The
Contractor the statement from regional
government that the location and
operation of material source, and
transportation route for operation
executed in environmentally and
Socially may be accepted in accordance
with national and regional regulations.

62 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

b) All location for taking quarry material

shall have permit and official authority
fully from regional Government.

c) Taking of any construction material in

National Park or other sensitive area
protected officially shall not be allowed.

d) The Contractor shall ensure that Base

Camp operated in accordance with the
environmentally well practice. If its
impact is found to be harmful, The
Contractor shall mitigate that impact and
keep in very minimum level in accordance
with this section and keep local society
shall be free from harmful impact of Base
Camp.

e) In accordance with the sustainable

development practice, every wood
material for sheet pile, wooden pile,
wooden bearing pile, shall be purchased
from authorized dealer (no to accept
from illegal logging). In province, Legal
Document of Forest which stated that the
official validity of material attached in the
purchasing document shall be submitted
to the Engineer.

f) All part of Field shall be reinstatement to

original condition prior to the
commencement of the work.

119.3 Implementation of Environmental

Monitoring and Mitigation (EMMP)
The Contractor shall carry out the
recommendations by National Environment
Protection Agency which are put into the Design
and/or The Specifications in accordance with the
environmental laws of Government of
Afghanistan The complete documents are
available for the Contractor’s information by the
Engineer.

63 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

119.4 Monthly Report

119.4.1 Submittals
The Engineer shall fill column 4, 5, 6 and 7 of
EMMP monthly. If there is no adverse events or
neglecting the environment in any paragraph shall
be listed as nothing reported. The Contractor shall
submit evidence to support his environmental
activities to The Engineer so as the Engineer shall
approve the request of payment. The Engineer will
instruct the Contractor to follow up measures for
mitigation if necessary.

119.4.2 Time
Every Monthly Report of Environmental
Mitigation and Monitoring shall be written at the
end date of the month.

119.5 Method of Measurement

No separate payment will be made for
environmental management operations executed
with this Section of these Specifications. The cost
of this work shall be included in the Unit Price of
all Pay Items included in the Contract, which
prices shall be deemed full compensation for
furnishing all materials, labor equipment, tools
and other incidental necessary for the
environmental management.

In case of the Service Provider fails in executing

this work, the Engineer shall have the right to
execute the work as deemed necessary and
charge all the cost of the repairement to the
Service Provider, in which the value of the cost
shall be deducted from every payment paid or
shall be paid to the Service Provider in accordance
with the Contract. The Engineer shall be
responsible in determining the works required to
be repaired and prepare the cost estimation.

64 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 1: General General Technical Specification

65 | S e c t i o n 1
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

SECTION 2: EARTHWORKS ‫ کندنکاوری و پرکاری‬:2‫بخش‬

Site Clearance (Clearing and Grubbing) ‫ پاک کاری ساحه ( صاف کاری و‬201
)‫برداشتن‬
Scope of Work ‫ هدف‬201.1
‫ دور‬،‫این فعالیت شامل قطع نمودن‬
This work shall consist of cutting, removing and
‫ساختن و دفع کردن تمام مواد ها از‬
disposing of all materials such as trees, bushes,
،‫ درخچه ها‬،‫ بوته ها‬،‫قبیل درخت ها‬
shrubs, stumps, roots, grass, weeds, top organic
‫ هرزه‬،‫ علف ها‬،‫ ریشه ها‬،‫کنده ها‬
soil not exceeding 150 mm in thickness, rubbish ‫ خاک های عضوی قسمت های باالیی‬،‫گیاه‬
etc., which in the opinion of the Engineer are ‫ ملی متر‬150 ‫که ذخامت آن زیادتر از‬
unsuitable for incorporation in the works, from ‫ در ساحات‬،.‫ زباله ها و غیره‬،‫نباشد‬
the area of road land containing and ‫ جوی های‬،‫ جوی ها‬،‫مانند مسیر سرک‬
embankment, drains, cross-drainage structures ‫ زیربنا ها و دیگر ساحات که‬،‫عبوری‬
and such other areas as may be specified on the ‫در نقشه ها ویا توسط انجینیر نشان‬
drawings or by the Engineer. It shall include ‫داده شده میباشد که از نظر انجینیر‬
necessary excavation, back-filling of pits resulting .‫برای پیوستگی کار ها نامناسب باشد‬
from uprooting of trees and stumps to required ‫ پر‬،‫این کار شامل کندنکاری ضروری‬
compaction, handling, salvaging, and disposal of ‫کاری خالیگاه های ایجاد شده در اثر‬
‫بیرون کشیدن ریشه ها و کنده های درخت‬
cleared materials. Clearing and grubbing shall be
،‫ها به میزان تحکیم کاری مورد نیاز‬
performed in advance of earthwork operations
‫ انبار و دفع مواد جمع‬، ‫جا به جایی‬
and in accordance with the requirements of these
‫ پاک کاری و دفع باید قبل‬.‫شده میباشد‬
Specifications. ‫از اجرای عملیات بدنه سازی خاکی و‬
‫مطابق به مقتضیات این طرزالعمل ها‬
.‫باشد‬

Preservation of Property/Amenities ‫ محیط‬/‫ حفاظت دارایی ها‬201.2

‫ انواع‬،‫ گیاه ها‬،‫درخت های کنار جاده‬
Roadside trees, shrubs, any other plants, pole line,
،‫ دیوار ها‬،‫ پایه ها‬،‫دیگر نباتات‬
fences, signs, monuments, buildings, pipelines,
‫ پایپ‬،‫ ساختمان ها‬،‫ مقبره ها‬،‫عالیم‬
sewers and all roadway facilities within or
‫ مجرا های فاضالب و تمام‬،‫الین ها‬
adjacent to the roadway which are not to be ‫تاسیسات در وسط ویا کناره های سرک‬
disturbed shall be protected from injury or ‫که نباید مورد مزاحمت قرار بگیرند‬
damage. The Contractor shall provide and install .‫باید از خساره و ازیت محافظت شوند‬
at his own expense, suitable safeguards approved ‫قرار دادی باید وسایل محافظتی مناسب‬
by the Engineer for this purpose. ‫مرتبط به این موضوع را که تایید شده‬
During clearing and grubbing, the Contractor shall ‫انجینیر باشد به مصارف خود تهیه و‬
take all adequate precautions against soil erosion, .‫نصب نماید‬
water pollution, etc. Before start of operations, ،‫در جریان پاک کاری و ریشه کنی گیاها‬
the Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for ‫قراردادی باید تمام پیشگیری های الزم‬
approval his work plan including the procedure to ‫ آلوده گی‬،‫را در برابر فرسایش خاک‬
،‫ قبل از شروع کار ها‬.‫ وغیره‬،‫آب‬
be followed for disposal of waste materials, etc.
‫قراردادی پالن کاری خود را از قبیل‬
‫پروسیجر ها برای دفع مواد اضافی و‬
‫غیره را به انجینیر برای تاییدی باید‬
.‫ارایه نماید‬

65 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

Methods, Tools and Equipment’s ‫ ابزار و تجهیزات‬،‫ طریقه ها‬201.3

‫ ابزار و تجهیزات برای‬،‫تنها طریقه ها‬
Only such methods, tools and equipment as are
‫کار مورد قبول قرار میگیرد که تایید‬
approved by the Engineer and which will not affect
‫شده انجنیر بوده و خصوصیات را که‬
the property to be preserved shall be adopted for
‫ هرگاه‬.‫باید حفظ گردند متاثر نسازد‬
the work. If the area has thick ‫ ریشه‬/‫ساحه دارای پوشش ضخیم گیاهی‬
vegetation/roots/trees, a crawler or pneumatic ‫ بلدوزرهای تایر‬،‫درخت ها باشد‬/‫ها‬
tired dozer of adequate capacity may be used for ‫زنجیری ویا بادی که ظرفیت الزم را‬
clearance purposes. The dozer shall have ripper ‫دارد به منظور پاک کاری استفاده‬
attachments for removal of tree stumps. All trees, ‫ بلدوزر ها باید دارای ضمایم‬.‫گردد‬
stumps etc. failing within excavation and fill lines ‫چاک دهنده به منظور دور نمودن کنده‬
shall be cut to such depth below ground level that ‫ کنده‬،‫ تمام درخت ها‬.‫های درخت باشد‬
in no case these fall within 500 mm of the ‫ وغیره که توسط کندن کاری شکسته‬،‫ها‬
subgrade. Also all vegetation such as roots, under- ‫می شوند باید از سطح زمین پایین تر‬
growth, grass and other deleterious matter ‫قطع شوند که به هیچ وجهه کمتر از‬
‫ ملی متر عمق از قشر بستر جاده‬500
unsuitable for incorporation in the
‫ همچنان تمام گیاه ها مانند‬.‫نباشد‬
embankment/subgrade shall be removed
‫ سبزه ها و دیگر‬،‫ زیررست ها‬،‫ریشه ها‬
between fill lines to the satisfaction of the
‫مواد مضره که برای پیوستگی امورات‬
Engineer. On areas beyond these limits, trees and ‫بدنه سازی مناسب نیست باید از ساحه‬
stumps required to be removed as directed by the ‫ در‬.‫دور و قناعت انجنیر فراهم گردد‬
Engineer shall be cut down to 1 m below ground ،‫ساحات که خارج از این محدوده است‬
level so that these do not present an unsightly ‫درخت ها و کنده های درخت مطابق به‬
appearance. ‫هدایت انجینر الی یک متر پایین تر‬
All branches of trees extending above the roadway ‫از سطح زمین قطع گردند تا باعث بد‬
shall be trimmed as directed by the Engineer. .‫نما شدن ظاهری ساحه نگردد‬
All excavations below the general ground level ‫تمام شاخچه ها که باالی سرک امتداد‬
arising out of the removal of trees, stumps, etc., ‫یافته است طبق هدایت انجنیر باید قطع‬
shall be filled with suitable material and .‫گردند‬
‫تمام حفریات که به منظور دور نمودن‬
compacted thoroughly so as to make the surface
‫ کنده ها و غیره انجام شده‬،‫درخت ها‬
at these points conform to the surrounding area.
‫ باید مطابق ساحات کناری توسط‬،‫است‬
Ant-hills both above and below the ground, as are
‫مواد مناسب پرکاری گردیده و کامال تپک‬
liable to collapse and obstruct free subsoil water ‫کاری گردد تا نقاط متذکره یکنواخت‬
flow shall be removed and their workings, which .‫گردد‬
may extend to several meters, shall be suitably ‫سوراخ های مورچه در قسمت های باال و‬
treated. ‫پایین زمین که زمینه فروپاشی ویا‬
‫سقوط را فراهم می سازد باید دور‬
‫ساخته شود و فعالیت آنها که ممکن تا‬
‫چندین متر ادامه داشته باشد به شکل‬
.‫درست تحکیم کاری گردد‬

Disposal of Materials ‫ دفع مواد‬201.4

‫تمام مواد که از عملیات پاک کاری و‬
All materials arising from clearing and grubbing
‫برداشتن علف ها تولید میشود ملکیت‬
operations shall be the property of Government
‫دولت بوده و توسط قرار دادی طبق‬
and shall be disposed of by the Contractor as
،‫ شاخه‬،‫ تنه‬.‫هدایت انجنیر دفع گردد‬
hereinafter provided or directed by the Engineer. ‫کنده درخت ها باید از شاخه ها و ریشه‬

66 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

Trunks, branches and stumps of trees shall be ‫ همچنان‬.‫ها باید پاک و انبار شوند‬
cleaned of limbs and roots and stacked. Also ‫ سنگ ها و دیگر مواد قابل‬،‫بولدر ها‬
boulders, stones and other materials usable in ‫استفاده در ساخت ساز سرک باید بصورت‬
road construction shall be neatly stacked as .‫منظم طبق هدایت انجنیر انبار گردد‬
directed by the Engineer. Stacking of stumps, ‫ سنگها‬،‫ کنده ها‬،‫انبار کاری بولدر ها‬
boulders, stones etc., shall be done at specified ‫وغیره باید در نقاط مشخص در فواصل‬
.‫ متری صورت گیرد‬5000
spots with all lifts and up to a lead of 5000 m.
‫تمام مواد های تولید شده در اثر پاک‬
All products of clearing and grubbing which, in the
‫کاری که به نظر انجنیر مفید و قابل‬
opinion of the Engineer, cannot be used or
‫استفاده نیست باید طبق هدایت انجنیر‬
auctioned shall be cleared away from the roadside ‫ احتیاط گردد تا‬.‫ار ساحه دور شود‬
in a manner as directed by the Engineer. Care shall ‫مواد اضافی غیر مناسب بصورت مطمین‬
be taken to see that unsuitable waste materials ‫از ساحه دفع گردد تا با مواد که برای‬
are disposed of in such a manner that there is no ‫بدنه سازی سرک استفاده میشود مخلوط‬
likelihood of these getting mixed up with the .‫نگردد‬
materials meant for embankment, subgrade and
road construction.

Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬201.5

‫پاک کاری و ریشه کنی گیاهان در ساخت‬
Clearing and grubbing for road construction
‫ آبروها‬،‫و ساز سرک به شمول بدنه سازی‬
including embankment, drains and cross-drainage
‫و ساختمان های آبروها باید به شکل‬
structures shall be measured on area basis in
‫ پاک‬.‫مساحت وار به هکتار اندازه گردد‬
terms of hectares. Clearing and grubbing of ‫کاری و ریشه کنی ساحات قرضه سد خاکی‬
borrow areas shall be deemed to be a part of ‫باید مشمول کارهای بدنه سازی سرک‬
works preparatory to embankment construction ‫باشد و همچنان قیمت آن نیز مشمول‬
and shall be deemed to have been included in the ‫بدنه سازی سرک بوده و به آن جداگانه‬
rates quoted for the embankment construction ‫ قطع نمودن درخت ها‬.‫پرداخت نمی شود‬
item and no separate payment shall be made for ‫ ملی متر به شمول دور‬300 ‫به قطر الی‬
the same. Cutting of trees up to 300 mm in girth ‫ ریشه ها و قطع کردن‬،‫نمودن کنده ها‬
including removal of stumps and roots, and ‫شاخه ها که باالی سرک امتداد یافته‬
trimming of branches of trees extending above the ‫است الزامی بوده و شامل عملیات پاک‬
roadway shall be considered incidental to the .‫کاری و ریشه کنی گیاهان می شود‬
‫انتقال کنده های که در اثر قطع نمودن‬
clearing and grubbing operations. Removal of
‫درخت ها توسط ارگان های دیگر صورت‬
stumps left over after trees have been cut by any
‫گرفته است نیز الزامی بوده و شامل‬
other agency shall also be considered incidental to
‫عملیات پاک کاری و ریشه کنی گیاهان‬
the clearing and grubbing operations.
. ‫میشود‬
Cutting, including removal of stumps and roots of ‫قطع کاری درخت ها به شمول انتقال‬
trees of girth above 300 mm and back-filling to ‫کنده ها و ریشه های که قطر آن اضافه‬
required compaction shall be measured in terms ‫ ملی متر باشد و همچنان پرکاری‬300 ‫از‬
of numbers. ‫دوباره خاک به میزان تپک کاری مورد‬
‫ضرورت باید شکل ارقام عددی محاسبه‬
201 (1) Clearing and Grubbing ha . ‫گردد‬
201 (2) Cutting of Trees nos
‫) پاک کاری و ریشه کنی گیاهان‬1( 201
ha

67 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

‫) قطع نمودن درخت ها‬2( 201

nos

Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬201.6

‫) نرخ در فی واحد قرار داد برای‬1(
(1) The Contract unit rates for the various
‫اقالم مختلف پاک کاری باید‬
items of clearing and grubbing shall be the
‫پرداخت در انجام تمام عملیات‬
payment in full for carrying out the
‫به شمول پاداش برای تمام‬
required operations including full ‫ وسایل‬،‫ اسباب‬،‫ مواد‬،‫کارمندان‬
compensation for all labors, materials, ‫و ضروریات الزمی برای انجام کار‬
tools, equipment and incidentals ‫ همچنان این شامل انتقال‬.‫باشد‬
necessary to complete the work. These ‫کنده درخت های که قطر آن کمتر‬
will also include removal of stumps of ‫ ملی متر بوده ویا کنده‬300 ‫از‬
trees less than 300 mm in girth as well as ‫های که بعد از قطع شدی درخت ها‬
stumps left over after cutting of trees ‫توسط ارگان های دیگر در ساحه‬
carried out by another agency, excavation ‫ پر‬،‫باقی مانده است کندنکاری‬
and back-filling to required density, where ،‫کاری دوباره به کثافت الزمی‬
necessary and handling, salvaging, piling ‫ستون‬ ،‫انبارکاری‬ ،‫دستکاری‬
‫بندی و دفع مواد ترخیص شده‬
and disposing of the cleared materials
. ‫باشد‬
with all lifts and up to a lead of 5000 m.

(2) The contract unit rates for cutting

(including removal of stumps and roots) of
trees of girth above 300 mm shall include ‫) نرخ فی واحد قرار داد برای قطع‬2(
excavation and back-filling to required ‫نمودن درخت ها( به شمول انتقال‬
compaction, handling salvaging, piling and ‫کنده ها و ریشه ها) که قطر آن‬
disposing of the cleared materials with all ‫ ملی متر باشد‬300 ‫زیادتر از‬
lifts and up to a lead of 5000 m. ‫ پرکاری به‬،‫باید شامل کندنکاری‬
‫ جا به‬،‫میزان تپک کاری الزم‬
‫ ستون بندی‬،‫ انبار کاری‬،‫جایی‬
(3) Where a Contract does not include
. ‫و انتقال مواد اضافی باشد‬
separate items of clearing and grubbing,
the same shall be considered incidental to ‫) در صورتیکه اقالم مجزای پاک‬3(
the earthwork items and the Contract unit ‫ باید‬،‫کاری شامل قرارداد نباشد‬
rates for the same shall be considered as ‫عین موضوع برای اقالم بدنه سازی‬
including clearing and grubbing ‫در نظر گرفته شود و نرخ فی‬
operations. ‫واحد قرارداد همانند امور پاک‬
.‫کاری در نظر گرفته شود‬

Removal of Structures and Obstructions ‫ برداشتن ساختمان ها و موانع‬202

Scope of Work ‫ هدف‬202.1
‫این کار شامل انتقال مواد و برطرف‬
This work shall consist of removing, as hereinafter
،‫ فرش جاده‬،‫ پل ها‬،‫نمودن پلچک ها‬
set forth, existing culverts, bridges, pavements,
‫جدول و دیگر ساختمان ها مانند‬
curbs and other structures like guard-rails, fences,
،‫ خدماتی‬،‫ تاسیسات‬،‫ دیوارها‬،‫گاردریل‬
utility services, manholes, catch basins, inlets, etc., ‫ دهانه‬،‫ حوذه های آب گیر‬،‫منحول ها‬

68 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

which are in place but interfere with the new ‫ها و غیره ک باعث مداخله در ساختمان‬
construction or are not suitable to remain in place, ‫جدید شده ویا موقیعت های آنها مناسب‬
and of salvaging and disposing of the resulting ‫ جا به جایی و انتقال این مواد‬،‫نبوده‬
materials and back filling the resulting trenches ‫وپرکاری دوباره خالیگاه های بوجود‬
and pits. . ‫آمده درین کارها باشد‬
Existing culverts, bridges, pavements and other ‫ فرش جاده‬،‫ پل ها‬،‫پلچک های موجوده‬
‫ها و دیگر ساختمان ها که در مسیر‬
structures which are within the right-of-way and
‫سرک قرار دارند و ایجاب دور نمودن‬
which are designated for removal, shall be
‫ باید مطابق به محدوده‬،‫را مینماید‬
removed up to the limits and extent specified in
‫های که در نقشه ها نشان داده شده‬
the drawings or as indicated by the Engineer. ‫ویا مطابق به هدایت انجنیر دور شده‬
Dismantling and removal operations shall be .‫و انتقال گردد‬
carried out with such equipment and in such a ‫عملیات دور سازی و تخریب باید توسط‬
manner as to leave undisturbed, adjacent ‫طریقه ها و وسایل صورت بگیرد که فرش‬
pavement, structures and any other work to be ‫ ساختمان ها و دیگر کارهای که‬،‫جاده‬
left in place. ‫نباید در جریان ساخت ساز آسیب ببیند‬
All operations necessary for the removal of any .‫متضرر نگردند‬
existing structure which might endanger new ‫تمام عملیات ضروری برای دورسازی ویا‬
construction shall be completed prior to the start ‫انتقال ساختمان های موجوده که‬
of new work. ‫ساختمان جدید را در مخاطره می اندازد‬
‫باید قبل از شروع کار جدید انجام‬
.‫شود‬

Dismantling Culverts and Bridges ‫ تخریب پلچک ها وپل ها‬202.2

‫ساختمان ها باید با احتیاط انتقال‬
The structures shall be dismantled carefully and
‫گردند و مواد مخربه آن قسمی انتقال‬
the resulting materials so removed as not to cause
،‫گردد که سبب تخریب مواد انبار شده‬
any damage to the serviceable materials to be
‫قسمت های ساختمان که باید حفظ شوند‬
salvaged, the part of the structure to be retained ‫و دیگر ساختمان های که در مجاورت آن‬
and any other properties or structures nearby. .‫قرار دارد نگردد‬
Unless otherwise specified, the superstructure ‫ پل ها باید کامال‬/‫رو بناهای پلچک ها‬
portion of culverts/bridges shall be entirely ‫انتقال گردند و قسمت های دیگر باید‬
removed and other parts removed below the ‫پایین تر از سطح زمین و به اندازه‬
ground level or as necessary depending upon the ‫میزان مداخله ان به ساختمان های جدید‬
interference they cause to the new construction. ‫ انتقال مواد پوششی و‬.‫برطرف گردند‬
Removal of overlying or adjacent material, if ‫مواد های اضافی که در اطراف ساختمان‬
required in connection with the dismantling of the ‫های که قرار است تخریب گردند شامل‬
structures, shall be incidental to this item. ‫ در ساحات که پل‬.‫این موضوع میباشد‬
‫ پلچک های موجوده طبق پالن وسعت‬/‫ها‬
Where existing culverts/bridges are to be
‫پیدا میکنند ویا با ساختمان های جدید‬
extended or otherwise incorporated in the new
‫ تنها قسمت های مورد‬،‫هماهنگ میگردند‬
work, only such part or parts of the existing
‫نیاز ویا طبق هدایت انجنیز تخریب‬
structure shall be removed as are necessary and ‫گردند که در نتیجه یک ارتباط مناسب‬
directed by the Engineer to provide a proper .‫با ساختمان های جدید ایجاد گردد‬
connection to the new work. The connecting ‫کنارهای وصلی باید مطابق به خطوط و‬
edges shall be cut, chipped and trimmed to the ‫ بریده و‬،‫درجات مورد نیاز طوری قطع‬
required lines and grades without weakening or ‫تراشیده شود که باعث تضعیف و تخریب‬
damaging any part of the structure to be retained. ‫هیچ یک از قسمت های که قرار است حفظ‬

69 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

Due care should be taken to ensure that ‫ دقت کامل باید در نظر‬.‫شوند نگردد‬
reinforcing bars which are to be left in place so as ‫گرفته شود تا در جریان تخریب‬
to project into the new work as dowels or ties are dowel ‫ سیخ های که منحیث‬،‫کانکریت‬
not injured during removal of concrete. ‫ گذاشته میشوند تا در کانکریت‬Tie ‫و‬
Pipe culverts shall be carefully removed in such a .‫جدید جا به جا گردد تخریب نگردد‬
‫پایپ کلورت ها باید با دقت و طوری‬
manner as to avoid damage to the pipes.
‫انتقال داده شود که از صدمه رسیدن‬
Steel structures shall, unless otherwise provided,
.‫به پایپ ها جلوگیری شود‬
be carefully dismantled in such a manner as to ‫ مگر اینکه‬،‫ساختمان های فلزی باید‬
avoid damage to members thereof if specified in ‫ با احتیاط و طوری دور‬،‫تهیه شده باشد‬
the drawings or directed by the Engineer that the ‫ساخته شوند که از صدمه رسیدن به‬
structure is to be removed in a conditions suitable ‫ هرگاه در‬.‫اجزای آن جلو گیری گردد‬
for re-erection, all members shall be match- ‫نقشه ها ویا هدایات انجنیر مشخص شده‬
marked by the Contractor with white lead paint ‫باشد که ساختمان ها باید به صورت‬
before dismantling; end pins, nuts, loose plates, ،‫مناسب برای نصب دوباره انتقال گردد‬
etc., shall be similarly marked to indicate their ‫قبل از‬ ‫درین صورت تمام اجزای آن‬
proper location; all pins, pin holes and machined ‫عملیه بیجا سازی توسط قراردادی به‬
surfaces shall be painted with a mixture of white ،‫ های انجامی‬Pin ‫رنگ سفید نشانی شود‬
‫نت ها و سطوح ماشین شده باید توسط‬ َ
lead and tallow and all loose parts shall be securely
‫مخلوط سفید سربی و شمعی رنگ گردند و‬
wired to adjacent members or packed in boxes.
‫همچنان تمام قسمت های سست باید به‬
Timber structures shall be removed in such a
‫اجزای مجاور آن محکم شده ویا در یک‬
manner as to avoid damage to such timber or .‫قطی جا به جا گردند‬
lumber as is designated by the Engineer to be ‫ساختمان های تیرهای چوبی باید طوری‬
salvaged. ‫بیجا گردند که از صدمه رسیدن به تیر‬
‫های که به نظر انجنیر باید ذخیره‬
.‫گردند جلو گیری شود‬
Dismantling Pavements and Other (Pavements) ‫ تخریب فرش ها‬202.3
‫و دیگر ساختمان ها‬
Structures
‫ جدول‬،‫در بیجا نمودن فرش های جاده‬
In removing pavements, curbs, gutters, and other ‫ ناودان ها و دیگر ساختمان ها‬،‫ها‬
structures like guard-rails, fences, manholes, catch ،‫ منحول ها‬،‫ دیوار ها‬،‫مانند کتاره ها‬
basins, inlets, etc., where portions of the existing ‫ دهانه ها وغیره باید‬،‫حوذه های آبگیر‬
construction are to be left in the finished work, the .‫از قسمت های درز ها صورت بگیرد‬
same shall be removed to an existing joint or cut ‫تامین‬ ‫برای‬ ‫کافی‬ ‫تخریبات‬
and chipped to a true line with a face ‫(مناسب و پیوستگی همرای‬Grade) ‫درجات‬
perpendicular to the surface of the existing ‫کارهای جدید طبق هدایت انجنیر انجام‬
structure. Sufficient removal shall be made to .‫گردد‬
provide for proper grades and connections with ‫ بیس کورس در‬،‫تمام فرش های کانکریتی‬
the new work as directed by the Engineer. ‫وسط و کنار های سرک وغیره که نیاز‬
‫ باید به قسمت‬،‫است تا انتقال گردند‬
All concrete pavements, base course in
0.02 ‫های کوچک که حجم آن بیشتر از‬
carriageway and shoulders etc. designated for
‫متر مکعب نباشد تقسیم گردیده و در‬
removal shall be broken to pieces whose volume
‫مکان تعیین شده ذخیره ویا طبق هدایت‬
shall not exceed 0.02 cum and stockpiled at .‫انجنیر دفع گردد‬
designated locations if the material is to be used
later or otherwise arranged for disposal as
directed (see Clause 202.5).

70 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

Back-filling ‫ پرکاری‬202.4
‫سوراخ ها و فرو رفتگی های که در اثر‬
Holes and depressions caused by dismantling
‫عملیات کندنکاری بوجود آمده است‬
operations shall be back-filled with excavated or
‫باید توسط مواد کندنکاری شده ویا‬
other approved materials and compacted to
‫مواد تایید شده طبق هدایت انجینیر‬
required density as directed by the Engineer. ‫به میزان مورد نیاز تپک شده و پرکاری‬
.‫گردد‬
Disposal of Materials ‫ دفع مواد‬202.5
‫تمام مواد که در اثرعملیات تجزیه‬
All materials obtained by dismantling shall be the
.‫سازی بدست میاید ملکیت دولت می باشد‬
property of the Government. Unless otherwise
‫ مواد‬،‫مگر اینکه مشخص گردیده باشد‬
specified, materials having any salvage value shall
‫های که ارزش استفاده مجدد را دارند‬
be placed in neat stacks of like materials within the ‫باید انبار گردند تا مطابق به هدایت‬
right-of-way, as directed by the Engineer with all .‫انجنیر در حدود سرک استفاده شود‬
lifts and up to a lead of 5000 m. ‫پایپ کلورت های بیجا شده باید پاک‬
Pipe culverts that are removed shall be cleaned ‫کاری گردیده و به شکل مرتب در نقاط‬
and neatly piled on the right-of-way at points ‫که توسط انجنیر در حدود سرک تعین‬
designated by the Engineer with all lifts and lead .‫گردیده است جا به جا گردد‬
up to 5000 m. ‫فوالد های ساختمانی جدا شده از‬
Structural steel removed from old structures shall, ‫ مگر اینکه‬،‫ساختمان های قبلی باید‬
unless otherwise specified or directed, be stored ‫ به شکل مرتب و‬،‫مشخص گردیده باشد‬
in a neat and presentable manner on blocks in ‫قابل دید در بالک ها و موقعیت های که‬
locations suitable for loading. Structures or ‫برای ذخیره سازی مناسب باشد ذخیره‬
portions thereof which are specified in the ‫ ساختمان ها و قسمت های که در‬.‫گردند‬
‫قرارداد برای استفاده مجدد مشخص‬
contract for re-erection shall be stored in separate
‫ باید در ستون های مجزا‬،‫گردیده اند‬
piles.
.‫ذخیره گردد‬
Timber or lumber from old structures which is
‫تیرهای چوبی و تخته های ساختمان های‬
designated by the Engineer as materials to be
‫قبلی که تو سط انجنیر منحیث مواد‬
salvaged shall have all nails and bolts removed ‫مفیده تشخیص داده شده است باید تمام‬
therefrom and shall be stored in neat piles in ‫میخ ها و بولت ها از آن بیرون کشیده‬
locations suitable for loading. ‫شده و به شکل مرتب در مکان مناسب‬
All materials obtained from dismantling .‫بارگزاری و ذخیره گردد‬
operations which, in the opinion of the Engineer, ‫تمام مواد که از عملیات تجزیه سازی‬
cannot be used or auctioned shall be disposed of ‫بدست آمده و به نظر انجینر قابل‬
as directed by the Engineer with all lifts and up to ‫ باید طبق‬،‫مزایده و استفاده نباشد‬
a lead of 10 km. .‫هدایت انجنیر دفع گردد‬

Method of Measurement ‫ طریقه اندازه گیری‬202.6

‫کار های تجزیه سازی ساختمان ها باید‬
The work of dismantling structures shall be paid
‫به واحدات آتی الذکر قبل و بعد‬
for in units indicated below by taking
‫ازعملیه تجزیه سازی اندازه گیری و‬
measurements before and after, as applicable:
.‫پراخت گردد‬
/‫) تجزیه سازی خشت کاری‬1( 202
202 (1) Dismantling brick/stone masonry/
‫کانکریتی‬ ‫های‬ ‫ساختمان‬ /‫سنکاری‬
concrete structures cum ‫متر‬
202 (2) Dismantling flexible and cement concrete ‫مکعب‬
pavement cum

71 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

202 (3) Dismantling steel structures ton ‫) تجزیه سازی سرک اسفالت و سرک‬2( 202
202 (4) Dismantling timber structures cum ‫سمنت کانکریت‬
202 (5) Dismantling drainage ditches, gutters and ‫متر مکعب‬
pipes Lin. m ‫) تجزیه سازی ساختمان های‬3( 202
202 (6) Dismantling guardrails, barriers and ُ ‫فوالدیش‬
‫تن‬
fencing Lin. m ‫) تجزیه سازی ساختمان های‬4( 202
202 (7) Dismantling street light nos. ‫متر مکعب‬ ‫چوبی‬
202 (8) Dismantling utility services nos. ‫ آبرو‬،‫) تجزیه سازی جویچه ها‬5( 202
‫ها و پایپ ها‬
‫الین متر‬
‫ سیم های‬،‫) تجزیه سازی جدول ها‬6( 202
‫ سد ها و دیوار ها‬،‫حفاظتی‬
‫الین متر‬
‫) تجزیه سازی چراغ های سرک‬7( 202
nos.
‫) تجزیه سازی تاسیسات خدماتی‬8( 202
nos.

Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬202.7

‫قیمت فی واحد مندرج در قرارداد برای‬
The Contract unit rates for the various items of
‫اقالم مختلفِ تجزیه سازی برای انجام‬
dismantling shall be paid in full for carrying out the
‫عملیات مورد نیاز شامل پرداخت برای‬
required operations including full compensation
،‫وسایل‬ ،‫مواد‬ ،‫کارگران‬ ‫تمام‬
for all labor, materials, tools, equipment, ِ‫ موضوعات حفاظتی و ضروریات‬،‫تجهیزات‬
safeguards and incidentals necessary to complete .‫واجبی برای تکمیل کار پراخته میشود‬
the work. These will also include excavation and ‫همچنان این موضوع شامل کندن کاری و‬
back-filling where necessary to the required ‫پرکاری به میزان تپک کاری مورد نیاز‬
compaction and for handling, salvaging, piling and ‫ ستون‬،‫ انبار کاری‬،‫برای جا به جایی‬
disposing of the dismantled materials within all .‫بندی و دفع مواد تجزیه شده میباشد‬
lifts and up to a lead of 10 km.

Road Excavation ‫کندنکاری سرک‬ 203

Scope of Work ‫ هدف‬203.1
‫ انتقال و دفع‬،‫این کار شامل کندنکاری‬
The work shall consist of excavation, removal and
‫ِ تمام مواد های مورد نیاز‬ ‫قابل قبول‬
satisfactory disposal of all materials necessary for
‫ جوی های کناری‬،‫برای ساخت و ساز سرک‬
the construction of roadway, side drains and
‫و آبروها در مطابقت با مقتضیات این‬
waterways in accordance with requirements of ‫ مراتبه ها و مقاطع‬،‫طرزالعمل و خطوط‬
these Specifications and the lines, grades and ‫که در نقشه ها نشان داده شده است‬
cross-sections shown in the drawings or as .‫ویا مطابق به هدایت انجنیر میباشد‬
indicated by the Engineer. It shall include the ‫این کار شامل انتقاالت و انبار سازی‬
hauling and stacking of or hauling to sites of ‫ویا انتقاالت به ساحات ساخت و ساز‬
ِ
embankment and sub grade construction, suitable ‫( و بستر جاده‬Embankment) ‫خاکریزها‬
cut materials as required, as also the disposal of ،‫ خاک برداری مورد نیاز‬،(Subgrade)
unsuitable cut materials in specified manner, ‫دفع مواد نا مناسبِ تراش شده به طریقه‬
trimming and finishing of the road to specified ‫ قطع نمودن زاییده ها‬،‫های مشخص شده‬
dimensions or as directed by the Engineer. ‫و تکمیل نمودن سرک به اندازه های‬

72 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

‫تعین شده ویا مطابق به هدایت انجنیر‬

.‫میباشد‬
Classification of Excavated Material ‫ طبقه بندی مواد کندنکاری‬203.2
‫شده‬
203.2.1 Classification ‫ طبقه بندی‬203.2.1
All materials involved in excavation shall be ‫تمام مواد کندنکاری شده به ترتیب ذیل‬
classified by the Engineer in the following manner: :‫توسط انجنیر طبقه بندی گردد‬

(1) Soil
This shall comprise topsoil, turf, sand, silt, loam, ‫(خاک‬1)
clay, mud, peat, black cotton soil, soft shale or ‫ خاک‬،‫این بخش در بر گیرنده خاک سطحی‬
loose moorum, a mixture of these and similar ،‫ مد‬،‫ گل‬،‫ خاک رس‬،‫ سیلت‬،‫ ریگ‬،‫چمنی‬
material which yields to the ordinary digging ‫ سنگ‬،‫ خاک سیاه پنبه یی‬،‫خاک نباتی‬
implement. Removal of gravel or any other ‫ ترکیب از اینها و مواد های‬،‫رسی‬
nodular material having dimension in any one ،‫مشابه که با استعمال معمولی کلنگ‬
direction not exceeding 75mm occurring in such ‫ چنگال ویا دیگر اسباب معمولی‬،‫بیل‬
strata shall be deemed to be covered under this ‫ برطرف نمودن جفل ویا‬.‫برداشته شود‬
‫مواد های کروی دیگر که ابعاد آن به‬
category.
‫ ملی متر‬75 ‫یکی از مسیر ها بزرگتر از‬
.‫نباشد نیز شامل این کتگوری میباشد‬
(2) Ordinary Rock (not requiring blasting)
This shall include:
‫انفجار‬ ‫نیازمند‬ (‫) سنگ معمولی‬2(
(i) rock types such as laterites, shale and
)‫نباشد‬
conglomerates, varieties of limestone and
:‫این شامل مواد های ذیل است‬
sandstone etc., which may be quarried or
،‫) انواع سنگ ها مانند سنگ سرخ‬i(
split with crow bars, also including any rock
‫ انواع سنگ‬،‫ جوش سنگ‬،‫سنگ رست‬
which in dry state may be hard, requiring ‫ میباشد‬.‫آهک و سنگ ریگی و غیره‬
blasting but which, when wet, becomes soft ‫که بواسطه جبل قابلیت شق شدن‬
and manageable by means other than ‫ همچنان این بخش شامل‬.‫را دارند‬
blasting. ‫سنگ های میشود که در حالت خشک‬
‫ممکن سخت بوده و نیاز مند‬
(ii) Macadam surfaces such as water bound ‫ اما‬،‫انفجار برای شق شدن اند‬
and bitumen/tar bound; soling of roads, ‫هرگاه مرطوب گردند نرم شده و‬
paths etc. and hard core; compact moorum ‫به طریقه های دیگر قابل شکستن‬
or stabilized soil requiring grafting tool or .‫اند‬
pick or both and shovel, closely applied;
gravel and cobble stone having maximum water bound ‫) سطوح سنگ فرش مانند‬ii(
dimension in any one direction between ‫ قسمت های پایینی‬bitumen bound : ‫و‬
75mm and 300mm; .‫سرک ها مسیر ها و غیره‬

(iii) Lime concrete, stone masonry in lime ‫ سنگ کاری در‬،‫) کانکریت آهکی‬iii(
‫مصاله آهکی و خشت کاری در‬
mortar and brick work in lime/cement
‫ سمنت پایین تر از‬/‫مصاله آهکی‬
mortar below ground level, reinforced
.‫سطح زمین‬
cement concrete which may be broken up
with crow bars or picks and stone masonry
in cement mortar below ground level; and

73 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

(iv) Boulders which do not require blasting ‫) بولدر های که نیاز به انفجار‬iv(
having maximum dimension in any 300 ‫ندارد با بزرگترین ابعاد‬
direction of more than 300mm, found lying .‫ملی متر در هر مسیر‬
loose on the surface or embedded in river
bed, soil, talus, slope wash and terrace ‫) صخره های سخت ( نیاز به انفجار‬3(
material of dissimilar origin. )‫دارد‬
:‫این مشتمل بر‬
(3) Hard Rock (requiring blasting) ‫) هر خاک و سمنت کانکریت برای‬i(
This shall comprise: ‫کندنکاری که استفاده دستگاه‬
(i) any rock or cement concrete for the ‫میخانیکی و انفجار را نیاز‬
excavation of which the use of mechanical .‫دارد‬
plant and/or blasting is required;
‫) آهن کانکریت پایین از سطح زمین‬ii(
(ii) reinforced cement concrete
‫) بولدر ها که به انفجار نیازمند‬iii(
(reinforcement cut through but not
.‫هستند‬
separated from the concrete) below
ground level; and
‫) صخره های سخت که انفجار آن ممنوع‬4(
‫است‬
(iii) Boulders requiring blasting.
‫صخره های سخت که نیاز به انفجار‬
‫ اما‬،‫) ذکر گردید‬3( ‫ قسمیکه در‬،‫دارند‬
(4) Hard Rock (blasting prohibited) ‫بنا بر بعضی دالیل منفجر ساختن آن‬
Hard rock requiring blasting as described under (3) ‫ممنوع باشد درین صورت باید از‬
but where blasting is prohibited for any reason ‫ تیغه ها ویا‬،‫حفرکاری توسط فانه ها‬
and excavation has to be carried out by chiseling, ‫یکی دیگر از طریقه های تایید شده کار‬
wedging or any other agreed method. .‫گرفته شود‬
‫) خاک های باتالقی‬5(
(5) Marshy Soil ‫این خاک شامل خاک رس و خاک نباتی که‬
This shall include soils like soft clays and peat ‫پایین تر از سطح زمین در اثر‬
excavated below the original ground level of ‫کندنکاری باتالق ها و دیگر ساحات که‬
marshes and swamps and soils excavated from .‫پمپینگ های متداوم دارند میباشد‬
other areas requiring continuous pumping or
bailing out of water.

203.2.2 Authority for Classification ‫ صالحیت برای طبقه بندی‬203.2.2

The classification of excavation shall be decided by ‫طبقه بندی حفر کاری باید توسط انجنیر‬
the Engineer and his decision shall be final and ‫تصمیم گرفته شود و فیصله وی نهایی‬
.‫بوده و باالی قراردادی نافذ می باشد‬
binding on the Contractor. Merely the use of
‫مواد انفجاری در حفرکاری به منظور‬
explosives in excavation will not be considered as
‫طبقه بندی مواد نباید مورد استفاده‬
a reason for higher classification unless blasting is
‫قرار بگیرد مگر اینکه انفجار به گونه‬
clearly necessary in the opinion of the Engineer. ‫واضح از طرف انجنیر یک نیاز پنداشته‬
.‫شده باشد‬

Construction Operations ‫ عملیات ساخت و ساز‬203.3

203.3.1 Setting Out 203.1Sitting Out

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After the site has been cleared as per Clause 201, ‫بعد از این که ساحه مطابق به ماده‬
the limits of excavation shall be set out true to ‫ حدود حفرکاری‬،‫ پاک کاری گردید‬201
lines, curves, slopes, grades and sections as shown ،‫ منحنی ها‬،‫باید درست در مسیر خطوط‬
on the drawings or as directed by the Engineer. ‫ درجات و مقطع ها مطابق به‬،‫میل ها‬
The Contractor shall provide all labor, survey ‫نقشه ها ویا طبق هدایت انجنیر تنظیم‬
‫تمام‬ ‫باید‬ ‫دادی‬ ‫قرار‬ .‫گردند‬
instruments and materials such as strings, pegs,
‫ وسایل سروی ومواد از قبیل‬،‫کارگران‬
nails, bamboos, stones, lime, mortar, concrete,
‫ تیر‬،‫ میخ ها‬،‫ میخ های چوبی‬،‫ریسمان‬
etc., required in connection with the setting out of ،‫ مصاله‬،‫ گچ‬،‫ سنگ ها‬،‫های چوبی‬
works and the establishment of bench marks. The ‫کانکریت وغیره را که به منظور تنظیم‬
Contractor shall be responsible for the ،‫ ها ضروری است‬Benchmark ‫کار و تاسیس‬
maintenance of bench marks and other marks and ‫ قراردادی مسول مراقبت‬.‫تهیه نماید‬
stakes as long as in the opinion of the Engineer, ‫ها و دیگر نشانی ها و‬Bench Mark
they are required for the work. ‫همچمنان محکم کاری آنها که برای کار‬
.‫الزمی است میباشد‬

203.3.2 Stripping and storing topsoil ‫ الیه برداری و ذخیره سازی‬203.3.2

When so directed by the Engineer, the topsoil ‫خاک سطحی‬
existing over the sites of excavation shall be ‫ خاک سطحی‬،‫مطابق به هدایت انجنیر‬
‫موجوده در ساحۀ خاک برداری باید به‬
stripped to the specified depths and stockpiled at
‫یک عمق معینه الیه برداری شده و به‬
designated locations for re-use in covering
ِ‫منظوراستفاده دوباره برای پوششِ شیب‬
embankment slopes, cut slopes, berms and other
‫ سکوها و‬،‫ شیب های قطع شده‬،‫پشته ها‬
disturbed areas where re-vegetation is desired. ‫ِ سبز‬‫دیگر ساحات آسیب دیده که نیازمند‬
Prior to stripping the topsoil, all trees, shrubs etc. ‫کاری مجدد اند در مکان های تعین شده‬
shall be removed along with their roots, with ‫ قبل از الیه برداری خاک‬.‫انبار گردد‬
approval of the Engineer. ‫ بته ها و غیره‬،‫ تمام درخت ها‬،‫سطحی‬
‫به شمول ریشه های شان با تایید‬
.‫انجنیر انتقال داده شود‬
203.3.3 Excavation – General ‫ عمومیات‬-‫ حفر کاری‬203.3.3
All excavation shall be carried out in conformity ‫تمام حفرکاری باید در مطابقت با‬
with the directions laid here-in-under and in a ‫رهنمود های که در پایین ذکر می گردد‬
‫ویا به طریقه که تایید شده انجنیر‬
manner approved by the Engineer. The work shall
‫ کار طوری اجرا گردد‬.‫است انجام یابد‬
be so done that the suitable materials available
‫که مواد مناسبِ قابل دسترس از حفرکاری‬
from excavation are satisfactorily utilized as
‫بصورت قناعت بخش و آنگونه که قبال‬
decided upon beforehand. ‫باالی آن تصمیم اخذ گردیده است‬
While planning or executing excavations, the .‫استفاده شود‬
Contractor shall take all adequate precautions ‫در جریان برنامه ریزی ویا اجرای‬
against soil erosion, water pollution etc., and take ‫تمام‬ ‫باید‬ ‫قراردادی‬ ،‫حفرکاری‬
appropriate drainage measures to keep the site ‫پیشگیری های مناسب را به منظور جلو‬
free of water. ‫ آلودگی آب و‬،‫گیری از فرسایش خاک‬
The excavations shall conform to the lines, grades, ‫ و همچنان‬.‫غیره را اتخاذ نماید‬
side slopes and levels shown on the drawings or as ‫محاسبات دقیق و مناسب زاهکشی را به‬
directed by the Engineer. The Contractor shall not ‫منظور دور نمودن آب از ساحه روی دست‬
excavate outside the limits of excavation. Subject .‫بگیرد‬

75 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

to the permitted tolerances, any excess ،‫حفریات باید در مطابقت با خطوط‬

depth/width excavated beyond the specified ‫ شیب های جانبی و سطوح که در‬،‫درجات‬
levels/dimensions on the drawings shall be made ‫نقشه ها نشان داده شده ویا طبق هدایت‬
good at the cost of the Contractor with suitable ‫ قراردادی نباید خارج‬.‫انجنیر باشد‬
material of characteristics similar to that removed .‫از محدوده تعین شده حفرکاری نماید‬
‫هر نوع حفرکاری خارج از سطوح و ابعاد‬
and compacted to the requirements in the
‫مشخص شده در نقشه ها باید به مصارف‬
relevant clause in the Specification.
‫قرار دادی و با مواد مناسب که مشخصات‬
All debris and loose material on the slopes of ‫آن مشابه به خاک بی جا شده قبلی باشد‬
cuttings shall be removed. No backfilling shall be ‫ مواد مورد نظر باید‬.‫آماده گردد‬
allowed to obtain required slopes excepting that ‫مطابق به مقتضیات و شروط که در ماده‬
when boulders or soft materials are encountered ‫های مربوطه این طرزالعمل ذکر گردیده‬
in cut slopes, these shall be excavated to approved .‫ تپک گردد‬،‫است‬
depth on instructions of the Engineer and the ‫تمام واریزه ها و مواد سُست در میل‬
resulting cavities filled with suitable material and ‫ هیچ‬.‫های قطع شده باید انتقال گردد‬
thoroughly compacted in an approved manner. ‫نوع پر کاری برای ایجاد میل ها مجاز‬
After excavation, the sides of excavated area shall ‫نمی باشد مگر اینکه بولدر ها ویا‬
be trimmed and the area contoured to minimize ‫مواد نرمه در میل های قطع شده محکم‬
erosion and ponding, allowing for natural drainage ‫ حفریات برای این کار باید به‬،‫گردد‬
to take place. If trees were removed, new trees ‫عمق تایید شده ویا مطابق نظر انجنیر‬
‫تعین گردد و سوراخ های بوجود آمده‬
shall be planted, as directed by the Engineer. The
‫باید توسط مواد مناسب و طریقه مناسب‬
cost of planting new trees shall be deemed to be
.‫پر کاری و تپک کاری گردد‬
incidental to the work.
‫ کناره های ساحات‬،‫بعد از حفریات‬
‫حفرکاری شده باید قطع گردند و ساحه‬
‫طوری هموار کاری گردد که فرسایش و‬
‫حوض شدن آن به حد اقل برسد تا شرایط‬
‫ هرگاه‬.‫برای زهکشی طبیعی مساعد گردد‬
‫ درخت‬،‫درخت ها انتقال گردیده بودند‬
‫های جدید باید طبق هدایت انجنیر غرس‬
‫ مصارف نهال شانی جدید باید به‬.‫گردد‬
.‫شکل واجبی در کار شامل شود‬
203.3.4 Methods, tools and Equipment ‫ وسایل و تجهیزات‬،‫ طریقه ها‬203.3.4
Only such methods, tools and equipment as ‫ وسایل و تجهزاتی برای‬،‫تنها طریقه ها‬
approved by the Engineer shall be adopted/used ‫استفاده است که تایید‬/‫کار قابل قبول‬
‫ طبق در خواست‬.‫شده انجنیر باشد‬
in the work. If so desired by the Engineer, the
‫ قراردادی باید سودمندی‬،‫انجنیر‬
Contractor shall demonstrate the efficacy of
‫انواع تجهیزات قابل استفاده برای‬
equipment to be used before the commencement
.‫کار را قبل از آغاز کار نشان دهد‬
of work.

203.3.5 Rock excavation ‫ حفرکاری صخره ها‬203.3.5

Rock, when encountered in road excavation, shall ‫ در حاالت که در حفر کاری‬،‫صخره ها‬
be removed up to the formation level or as ‫ باید تا سطوح ترتیب‬،‫سرک مقابل شوند‬
‫شده ویا طوری که در نقشه ها نشان‬
otherwise indicated on the drawings. Where,
‫ در‬.‫داده شده است کندنکاری گردند‬
however, unstable shale or other unsuitable
‫حاالت که سنگ رس نا پایه دار ویا دیگر‬
materials are encountered at the formation level,
‫مواد های غیر مناسب در سطوح ترتیب‬
these shall be excavated to the extent of 500 mm

76 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

below the formation level or as otherwise ‫ ملی متر‬500 ‫ باید‬،‫شده برابر گردند‬
specified. In all cases, the excavation operations ‫پایین تر از سطح آماده شده ویا طوری‬
shall be so carried out that at no point on cut ‫ در‬.‫که مشخص گردیده است حفر گردد‬
formation the rock protrudes above the specified ‫ عملیات حفرکاری باید‬،‫تمام حاالت‬
levels. Rocks and large boulders which are likely to ‫طوری اجرا گردد که در هیچ یک از نقاط‬
‫سنگ ها باالتر از سطوح تعین شده‬
cause differential settlement and also local
‫ صخره ها و بولدر های بزرگ که‬.‫نباشد‬
drainage problems should be removed to the
‫باعث نشست های موضعی و مشکالت زهکشی‬
extent of 500 mm below the formation level in full ‫ ملی متر پایین تر از‬500 ‫میشود باید‬
formation width including drains and cut through
.‫سطح آماده شده کندنکاری شود‬
the side drains. ‫در حاالت که حفریات پایین تر از سطوح‬
Where excavation is done to levels lower than ‫ حفریات‬،‫مشخص شده اجرا گردیده باشند‬
those specified, the excess excavation shall be ‫اضافی باید مطابق به شروط ماده های‬
made good as per Clauses 203.3.3 and 203.6 to the ‫ و با رضایتمندی‬203.6 ‫ و‬203.3.3
satisfaction of the Engineer. .‫انجنیر دوباره بهتر ساخته شوند‬
Slopes in rock cutting shall be finished to uniform ‫میل ها در قطع کاری صخره ها باید‬
lines corresponding to slope lines shown on the ‫مطابق به خطوط یکنواخت که در نقشه‬
drawings or as directed by the Engineer. ‫ها نشان داده شده است ویا طبق هدایت‬
Notwithstanding the foregoing, all loose pieces of ‫ علی الرغم موارد‬.‫انجنیر انجام گردد‬
rock on excavated slope surface which move when ‫قبلی تمام قطعات سست صخره ها در سطوح‬
pierced by a crowbar shall be removed. .‫میل های قطع شده باید انتقال گردند‬

203.3.6 Marsh excavation ‫ حفرکاری باطالق ها‬203.3.6

The excavation of soils from marshes/swamps ‫کندنکاری خاک های باطالقی باید مطابق‬
shall be carried out as per the program approved ‫به پروگرام که توسط انجنیر تایید شده‬
by the Engineer. .‫است اجرا گردد‬
‫حفرکاری باطالق ها باید از یک انجام‬
Excavation of marshes shall begin at one end and
‫آغاز گردیده و به یک مسیر در طول‬
proceed in one direction across the entire marsh
‫ طریقه ها و مراحل‬.‫باطالق ادامه تابد‬
immediately ahead of backfilling. The method and
‫حفرکاری و پرکاری باید طوری باشد که‬
sequence of excavating and backfilling shall be ‫تمام کثافات کامال انتقال و بیجا‬
such as to ensure, to the extent practicable, the .‫گردد‬
complete removal or displacement of all muck
from within the lateral limits called for on the
drawings or as staked by the Engineer, and to the
bottom of the marsh, firm support or levels
indicated.

203.3.7 Excavation of road shoulders/ verge/ /‫ لبه ها‬/‫ حفرکاری کنار ها‬203.3.7
median for widening of pavement or providing ‫میانه ها برای وسعت فرش جاده ویا‬
treated shoulders ‫تهیه کناره های سرک‬
‫کارهای که شامل وسعت فرش های موجوده‬
In works involving widening of existing pavements
‫ غیر از‬،‫سرک ویا تهیه کنار های سرک‬
or providing treated shoulders, unless otherwise
/‫ کنار ها‬،‫این که مشخص گردیده باشد‬
specified, the shoulder/verge/median shall be
‫ میانه ها باید به عرض های‬/‫لبه ها‬
removed to their full width and to levels shown on ‫کامل و به سطوح نشان داده شده در‬
drawings or as indicated by the Engineer. While

77 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

doing so, care shall be taken to see that no portion ‫نقشه ها ویا طبق هدایت انجنیر انتقال‬
of the existing pavement designated for retention .‫داده شوند‬
is loosened or dismantled and cut to a regular ‫در جریان این عمل احتیاط گردد تا‬
shape with sides vertical and the disturbed / ‫قسمت های فرش موجوده سرک به صورت‬
loosened portion removed completely and re-laid ‫منظم قطع و بی جا گردد و مواد های‬
as directed by the Engineer, at the cost of the ‫نرمه کامال انتقال و دوباره به مصارف‬
Contractor. .‫قراردادی پرکاری گردد‬

203.3.8 Dewatering ‫ آب گیری‬203.3.8

The Contractor shall arrange for the rapid ‫قراردادی باید آب های جمع شده در‬
dispersal of water collected/accumulated on the ‫بدنه سرک و در جریان ساخت و ساز ویا‬
‫سرک موجوده و همچنان آب های که داخل‬
earthwork or completed formation during
‫بدنه سرک میگردد را پراگنده نموده و‬
construction or on the existing roadway or which
‫در حد امکان در سیستم زهکشی تخلیه‬
enters the earthwork or any other item of work
‫ این تدابیر باید در کار های‬.‫نماید‬
from any source, and where practicable, the water ‫بدنه سازی به شمول کندنکاری برای‬
shall be discharged in to the permanent outfall of ‫ تهداب ها ویا قطع‬،‫مسیر های پایپ‬
the drainage system. The arrangements shall be . ‫ها نیز روی دست گرفته شود‬
made in respect of all earthworks including ،‫قراردادی در صورت نیاز باید مسیر ها‬
excavation for pipe trenches, foundations or ‫ پمپ ها و دیگر موضوعات موقتی‬،‫جو ها‬
cuttings. ‫را به منظور حفاظت کارهای بدنه سازی‬
The Contractor shall provide, where necessary, ‫ این‬.‫ روی دست بگیرد‬،‫سرک از آب‬
temporary water courses, ditches, drains, ‫تدارکات شامل انجام دادن کارهای‬
pumping or other means for maintaining the ‫قالب کاری مقطع ها و خاکریزه ها به‬
earthwork free from water. Such provisions shall ‫منظور جلوگیری از سقوط مواد در سطوح‬
include carrying out the work of forming the cut ‫عرضی بوده و همچنان در صورت عملی‬
‫ شیب های طولی به منظور جاری‬،‫بودن‬
sections and embankments in such manner that
‫نمودن آب و جلو گیری از حوض شدن آب‬
their surfaces have at all times a sufficient
.‫ساخته شود‬
minimum cross fall and where practicable, a
‫هرگاه آب با حفریات( کندنکاری) به‬
sufficient longitudinal gradient to enable them to
‫ باران و دیگر‬،‫ نفوذ‬،‫واسطه چشمه ها‬
shed water and prevent ponding. ‫ باید توسط انحراف‬،‫دالیل همراه گردد‬
If water is met with in the excavations due to ‫ پمپ نمودن ویا تهی کردن‬،‫دادن مناسب‬
springs, seepage, rain or other causes, it shall be ‫انتقال گردیده و حفرکاری طبق ضرورت‬
removed by suitable diversions, pumping or .‫ویا هدایت انجنیر خشک نگه داشته شود‬
bailing out and the excavation kept dry whenever ‫احتیاط گردد تا آب در مجرا های مناسب‬
so required or directed by the Engineer. Care shall ‫تخریب‬ ‫باعث‬ ‫تا‬ ‫شود‬ ‫تخلیه‬
be taken to discharge the drained water into ‫محصوالت و دیگر دارایی ها‬،‫کارها‬
suitable outlets as not to cause damage to the ‫ در صورت هر نوع سهل انگاری‬.‫نگردد‬
works, crops or any other property. Due to any ،‫ که باعث کدام تخریب گردد‬،‫قراردادی‬
negligence on the part of the Contractor, if any ‫مسولیت قراردادی است تا آن را به‬
/‫حالت اولی و به مصارف خودی ترمیم‬
such damage is caused, it shall be the sole
.‫تعمیر نماید‬
responsibility of the Contractor to repair/restore
to the original condition at his own cost or
compensate for the damage.

78 | S e c t i o n 2
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203.3.9 Disposal of excavated materials ‫ دفع مواد حفر شده‬203.3.9

All the excavated materials shall be the property ‫تمام مواد کندنکاری شده ملکیت‬
of the Government. The suitable material ‫ مواد به دست آمده‬.‫کارفرما میباشد‬
‫ لبه‬،‫ کنار های سرک‬،‫از کندنکاری سرک‬
obtained from the excavation of roadway,
،‫ جوی های عبوری و غیره‬،‫ جوی ها‬،‫ها‬
shoulders, verges, drains, cross-drainage works
‫) خاکریزهای مسیر‬1( ‫باید در پرکاری‬
etc., shall be used for filling up of (i) roadway
‫) چاله های موجوده در مسیر‬2( ،‫سرک‬
embankment, (ii) the existing pits in the right-of-
‫) برای منظره های سرک طبق‬3(‫سرک و‬
way and (iii) for landscaping of the road as
‫هدایت انجنیر به شمول هموار کاری و‬
directed by the Engineer, including leveling and
‫صاف کاری و بدون پرداخت اضافی‬
spreading with all lifts and lead up to 10 km and
. ‫استفاده گردد‬
no extra payment shall be made for the same. ‫ سنگ الشه‬،‫مواد سخت از قبیل زمین سخت‬
All hard materials, such as hard moorum, rubble, ‫و غیره که همانند موارد باال قابل‬
etc., not intended for use as above shall be stacked ‫ باید بطور منظم در‬،‫استفاده نباشد‬
neatly on specified land as directed by the ‫موقیعت مشخص شده طبق هدایت انجنیر‬
Engineer with all lifts and lead up to 5000 m. . ‫انباشته شود‬
Unsuitable and surplus material not intended for ‫مواد نا مناسب و اضافی که همانند‬
use within the lead specified above shall also, if ‫موارد باال قابل استفاده نباشد نیز‬
necessary, be transported with all lifts and lead ‫ دفع ویا‬،‫ انتقال‬،‫ در موقع نیاز‬،‫باید‬
beyond initial 10 km, disposed of or used as .‫با منظوری انجینیر استفاده گردد‬
approved by the Engineer.

203.3.10 Backfilling ‫ پرکاری‬203.3.10

Backfilling of masonry/concrete/hume pipe drain ‫ پایپ‬/‫ کانکریت‬/‫پرکاری سنک کاری ها‬
excavation shall be done with approved material ‫های زهکشی باید با مواد منظور شده‬
‫ سنگ کاری‬/‫بعد از نصب مکمل کانکریت‬
after concrete/masonry/hume pipe is fully set and
‫ وپایپ طوری انجام گردد که باعث‬/
carried out in such a way as not to cause undue
‫فشارهای غیر ضروری در هیچ یک از قسمت‬
thrust on any part of the structure and/or not to
‫های ساختمان و همچنان باعث نشست های‬
cause differential settlement. All space between ‫ تمام فضا ها میان‬.‫تفاضلی نگردد‬
the drain walls and the side of the excavation shall ‫دیوارهای زهکشی و جانب های حفر شده‬
be refilled to the original surface making due ‫ ملی‬150 ‫باید به طبقات که بیشتر از‬
allowance for settlement, in layer generally not ‫مترنباشد به کثافت مورد نیاز با‬
exceeding 150 mm compacted thickness to the ‫های‬Tamper ‫مانند‬ ‫مناسب‬ ‫وسایل‬
required density, using suitable compaction ‫ کوبه ویا پلیت های متراکم‬،‫میخانیکی‬
equipment such as mechanical tamper, rammer or ‫کننده طبق هدایت انجنیر تپک شده و‬
plate compactor as approved by the Engineer. .‫دوباره پرکاری گردد‬

Plying of Construction Traffic ‫ تردد ترافیک ساخت و ساز‬203.4

Construction traffic shall not use the cut formation ‫ترافیک ساخت و ساز نباید بدون اجازه‬
and finished subgrade without the prior ‫ آماده شده‬subgrade ‫قبلی انجنیر از‬
permission of the Engineer. Any damage arising ‫ هر نوع تخریبات که‬.‫استفاده نماید‬
out of such use shall be made good by the ‫به واسطه این نوع استفاده ها بوجود‬
Contractor at his own expense. ‫ باید توسط قرار دادی با مصارف‬،‫بیاید‬
.‫خودی ترمیم گردد‬

79 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

Preservation of Property ‫ محافظت دارایی ها‬203.5

The Contractor shall undertake all reasonable ‫قراردادی باید تمام پیشگیری های‬
precautions for the protection and preservation of ‫معقول را به منظور حفاظت و نگهداری‬
any or all existing roadside trees, drains, sewers or ‫هر نوع ویا تمام درخت های موجوده‬
other sub-surface drains, pipes, conduits and any ‫ سیستم های فاضالب ویا‬،‫ جوی ها‬،‫جاده‬
other structures under or above ground, which ‫ مجراهای‬،‫ پایپ ها‬،‫دیگر جوی های سطحی‬
‫سیم و دیگر ساختمان ها در پایین ویا‬
may be affected by construction operations and
‫ که ممکن در جریان ساخت و‬،‫روی زمین‬
which, in the opinion of the Engineer, shall be
‫ساز متضرر گردند ویا از نظر انجنیر‬
continued in use without any change. Safety
‫بدون کدام تغیر به استفاده از آن‬
measures taken by the Contractor in this respect, .‫ روی دست گیرد‬،‫ادامه داده شود‬
shall obtain approval from the Engineer. However, ‫تدابیر امینی که از طرف قراردادی‬
if any of these objects is damaged by reason of the ‫درین مورد روی دست گرفته میشود باید‬
Contractor’s negligence, it shall be replaced or ‫ اما هرگاه‬.‫از طرف انجنیر منظور گردد‬
restored to the original condition at his expense. If ‫هریکی ازین موارد در اثر سهل انگاری‬
the Contractor fails to do so, within the required ‫ باید با‬،‫قراردادی تخریب گردند‬
time as directed by the Engineer or if, in the ‫مصارف قراردادی تعویض ویا تعمیر‬
opinion of the Engineer, the actions initiated by ‫ هرگاه قراردادی دراجرای این‬.‫گردد‬
the Contractor to replace/restore the damaged ‫امر در زمان مورد نیاز که از طرف‬
‫انجنیر هدایت داده شده است ناکام‬
objects are not satisfactory, the Engineer shall
‫گردد ویا هرگاه از نظر انجنیر فعالیت‬
arrange the replacement/restoration directly
‫ ترمیم وسایل قناعت‬/‫ها برای تعویض‬
through any other agency at the risk and cost of
‫ ترمیم را‬/‫ انجنیر تعویض‬،‫بخش نباشد‬
the Contractor after issuing a prior notice to the ‫توسط ارگان دیگر و به مصارف قراردادی‬
effect. ‫طی یک آگاهی قبلی به قراردادی انجام‬
.‫دهد‬

Preparation of Cut Formation ‫ آماده سازی سطوح قطع شده‬203.6

The cut formation, which serves as a subgrade, ‫ به‬subgrade ‫ که منحیث‬،‫سطوح قطع شده‬
shall be prepared to receive the sub-base/base ‫ باید برای دریافت مواد‬،‫کار میرود‬
course as directed by the Engineer. ‫طبق هدایت انجنیر آماده‬Sub-Base/Base
Where the material in the subgrade (that is within . ‫گردد‬
500 mm from the lowest level of the pavement) ‫ (که در‬Subgrade ‫قسمت های که مواد در‬
has a density less than 95% of the maximum dry ‫ ملی متری از پایین ترین سطح فرش‬500
density determined according to AASHTO T 99, the %95 ‫جاده باشد) دارای کثافت کمتر از‬
same shall be loosened to a depth of 500 mm and ‫((که‬MDD ‫فیصدی بزرگترین کثافت خشک‬
compacted in layers in accordance with the ‫ تعیین میگردد‬AASHTO T 99 ‫مطابق به‬
requirements of Clause 205 “Embankment”. Any ‫ ملی متری سست‬500 ‫ باید تا عمق‬،‫باشد‬
unsuitable material encountered in the subgrade 205 ‫شده و در طبقات طبق مقتضیات ماده‬
‫ هرنوع مواد غیر مناسب که‬.‫تپک گردد‬
level shall be removed as directed by the Engineer
‫ باید‬،‫ دریافت می گردد‬subgrade ‫درسطح‬
and replaced with suitable material compacted in
‫طبق هدایت انجنیر انتقال داده شده و‬
accordance with Clause 205 “Embankment”.
‫با مواد مناسب تعویض شده و مطابق به‬
. ‫ تپک کاری گردد‬205 ‫مقتضیات ماده‬

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In rocky formations, the surface irregularities shall ‫ ناهمواری های‬،‫در ساختار های صخره یی‬
be corrected and the levels brought up to the ‫سطح باید به سطوح ارتفاعات مشخص شده‬
specified elevation with granular base material as (granular (base ‫توسط مواد دانه دار‬
directed by the Engineer, laid and compacted in ‫طبق هدایت انجنیر رسانده شده و مطابق‬
accordance with the respective Specifications for ‫به مقتضیات این طرزالعمل در باره این‬
these materials. The unsuitable material shall be ‫ مواد نا مناسب‬.‫مواد ها تپک کاری شود‬
‫ دفع‬203.3.9 ‫باید مطابق به ماده‬
disposed of in accordance with Clause 203.3.9
‫ بعد از پوره نمودن مقتضیات‬.‫گردد‬
“Disposal of Excavated Materials”. After satisfying
‫ سطوح قطع شده باید برای‬،‫کثافت‬
the density requirements, the cut formation shall
‫ مطابق‬sub base/ base ‫دریافت نمودن مواد‬
be prepared to receive the subbase/base course in
.‫ آماده گردد‬206 ‫به شروط‬
accordance with Clause 206 “Subgrade
Preparation” to receive the sub-base/base course.

Method of Measurement ‫ طریقه اندازه گیری‬203.7

Excavation for roadway shall be measured by ‫حفریات برای مسیر سرک باید توسط‬
taking cross sections at suitable intervals in the ‫درنظر گرفتن مقطع ها در انتروال‬
original position before the work starts and after ‫مناسب در موقیعت های اصلی قبل از‬
its completion and computing the volumes in ‫شروع کار و بعد از انجام کار و‬
cubic meters. By the method of average end areas ‫آن به متر مکعب به‬ ‫مقایسه احجام‬
‫واسطه طریقه اوسط ساحه آخیری برای‬
for each class of material encountered. Where it is
‫ هرگاه این‬.‫هر مواد پیش آمده می باشد‬
not feasible to compute volumes by this method
‫روش برای محاسبه احجام به دلیل ساحات‬
because of erratic location of isolated deposits,
‫ احجام باید‬،‫غیر منظم عملی نباشد‬
the volumes shall be computed by other accepted ‫شده‬ ‫تایید‬ ‫های‬ ‫طریقه‬ ‫توسط‬
methods. .‫دیگرمحاسبه گردد‬
At the option of the Engineer, the Contractor shall ‫ قراردادی باید‬،‫به انتخاب انجنیر‬
leave depth indicators during excavations of such ‫وسایل نمایشگر عمق را در جریان‬
shape and size and in such position as directed so ‫حفرکاری چنین اشکال و سایز ها در‬
as to indicate the original ground level as ‫قسمت های که مورد قبول انجنیر است‬
accurately as possible. The Contractor shall see ‫نصب نماید تا سطح حقیقی زمین به صورت‬
that these remain intact till the final .‫دقیق نشان داده شود‬
measurements are taken.
‫) حفرکاری سرک‬1( 203
203 (1) Road Excavation: cum ‫مترمکعب‬

Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬203.8

The Contract unit rate for the item of road ‫نرخ فی واحد قرارداد برای کندنکاری‬
excavation shall be payment in full for carrying out ‫سرک باید یک پرداخت کامل برای انجام‬
the operations required regardless of any ‫دادن عملیات مورد نیاز بدون در نظر‬
classification of soil including full compensation ‫داشت کدام طبقه بندی جاک ها به شمول‬
for: :‫کمپینزاسیون برای‬
(1) Setting out; setting out )1(

‫ قطع شده‬/‫) انتقال مواد حفرشده‬2(

(2) Transporting the excavated materials and
‫ ویا‬،‫و دفع آن در ساحه خاکریزه‬
depositing the same on sites of
.‫انبار آن طبق هدایت‬

81 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

embankments, spoil banks or stacking as

directed within all lifts and lead specified ‫) قطع کاری میل ها و قطع زایده‬3(
in these Specifications; ‫ها‬

(3) trimming bottoms and slopes of ‫) پرکاری و تپک کاری‬4(

excavation;
‫) آب گیری و خشک نگهداشتن ساحه‬5(
(4) dewatering; ‫کار‬

(5) keeping the work free of water; and ،‫ اسباب‬،‫ مواد‬،‫) تمام کارگردان‬6(
‫ تست ها‬،‫ تدابیر ایمینی‬،‫وسایل‬
‫و لوازم مورد نیاز برای انجام‬
(6) all labors, materials, tools, equipment,
.‫کار مطابق به طرزالعمل‬
safety measures, testing and incidentals
necessary to complete the work to
Specifications.

Structure Excavation ‫ تخریب ساختمان ها‬204

Scope of Work ‫ هدف‬204.1
Excavation for structures shall consist of the ‫کندنکاری برای ساختمان ها شامل‬
removal of material for the construction of ‫انتقال مواد برای ساخت وساز تهداب‬
foundation for bridges, culverts, retaining walls, ،‫های ساختمان ها مانند پلچک ها‬
،‫ دیوار های آبگیر‬،‫دیوارهای استنادی‬
headwalls, cutoff walls, pipe culverts, and other
‫ پایپ کلورت ها وغیره‬،‫دیوار های سد‬
similar structures, in accordance with the ‫در مطابقت با مقتضیات این طرزالعمل‬
requirements of these Specifications and the ‫و همچنان خطوط و ابعاد نشان داده شده‬
lines and dimensions shown on the drawings or ‫در نقشه ها ویا مطابق به هدایت‬
as indicated by the Engineer. The work shall ‫ کارها مشمول ساخت و‬.‫انجنیر می باشد‬
include construction of the necessary ‫ساز بند های موقتی و حوضچه ها که‬
cofferdams and cribs and their subsequent ‫متعاقبا انتقال می گردد; تمام پوشش‬
removal; all necessary sheeting, shoring, ‫ زهکشی و پمپ‬،‫ شمع زنی‬،‫ شمع بندی‬،
‫ کنده‬،‫ انتقال تمام چوب های گرد‬،‫کاری‬
bracing, draining and pumping; the removal of
‫ ریشه ها و دیگر مواد آسیب رسان‬،‫ها‬
all logs, stumps, grubs and other deleterious ‫و موامع که برای جا به جایی تهداب‬
matter and obstructions, necessary for placing ‫های ضروری است; قطع کاری قسمت های‬
the foundations; trimming bottoms of ‫پایینی ساحه کندنکاری شده; پرکاری و‬
excavations; backfilling and clearing up the site ‫پاک کاری ساحه و دفع تمام مواد‬
and the disposal of all surplus material. .‫اضافی‬
It shall also include the furnishing and placing of ‫این موضوع همچنان شامل تهیه و جا به‬
approved foundation fill material to replace ‫جایی مواد تایید شده برای تهداب ها‬
‫به منظور تبدیل مواد نا مناسب در‬
unsuitable material encountered below the
‫قسمت های پایینی تهداب های ساختمان‬
foundation elevation of structures.
.‫میباشد‬

Classification of Excavation ‫ طبقه بندی حفرکاری‬204.2

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All materials involved in excavation shall be ‫تمام مواد های که در حفریات شامل است‬
classified in accordance with Clause 203.2. ‫ طبقه بندی می‬203.2 ‫مطابق به ماده‬
.‫شوند‬

Construction Operations ‫ عملیات ساخت و ساز‬204.3

204.3.1 Setting out 204.3.1Setting out
After the site has been cleared according to Clause 201 ‫بعد از اینکه ساحه مطابق به ماده‬
201, the limits of excavation shall be set out true ‫ حدود حفرکاری باید توسط‬،‫پاک گردید‬
‫ منحنی ها و میل ها مطابق به‬،‫خطوط‬
to lines, curves and slopes to Clause 203.3.1.
.‫ اجرا گردد‬203.3.1 ‫ماده‬

204.3.2 Excavation ‫ حفرکاری‬204.3.2

Excavation shall be taken to the width of the ‫کندنکاری باید به عرض پایین ترین‬
lowest step of the footing and the sides shall be ‫درجه تهداب اجرا گردد و کنار های آن‬
left plump where the nature of soil allows it. .‫در صورت مجاز باید حالت آن رها گردد‬
‫درحاالت که خاصیت خاک ویا عمق چاله‬
Where the nature of soil or the depth of the trench
‫وفصل سال مهلت دیوار های عمودی را‬
and season of the year do not permit vertical
‫ قراردادی باید به مصارف خودی‬،‫ندهند‬
sides, the Contractor at his own expense shall put
‫شمع ها و چوب فرش ها ویا میل های‬
up necessary shoring, strutting and planking or cut ‫قطع شده را به منظور تامین مسونیت‬
slopes to a safer angle or both with due regard to .‫به تایید انجنیر تامین نماید‬
the safety of personal and works and to the ‫عمق حفریات باید در نقشه ها نشان‬
satisfaction of the Engineer. ‫داده شده باشد در غیر آن عمق آن طبق‬
The depth to which the excavation is to be carried .‫هدایت انجنیر تعیین گردد‬
out shall be as shown on the drawings, unless the
type of material encountered is such as to require
changes, in which case the depth shall be as
ordered by the Engineer. Propping shall be
undertaken when any foundation or stressed zone
from an adjoining structure is within a line of 1
vertical to 2 horizontal from the bottom of the
excavation.

204.3.3 Dewatering and protection ‫ آب گیری و محافظت‬204.3.3

Normally, open foundations shall be laid dry. ‫ تهداب های باز باید‬،‫به صورت نارمل‬
Where water is met with in excavation due to ‫ در ساحات که آب‬.‫خشک نگهداشته شود‬
،‫با کندنکاری به اثر جریان جوی ها‬
stream flow, seepage, springs, rain or other
‫ باران ویا عوامل‬،‫ چشمه ها‬،‫نفوذ آب‬
reasons, the Contractor shall take adequate
‫قراردادی باید‬ ،‫دیگر یکجا شود‬
measures such as bailing, pumping, constructing
‫ پمپ‬،‫محاسبات دقیق برای تهی کردن‬
diversion channels, drainage channels, bunds, ‫ احداث کانال برای انحراف مسیر‬،‫کردن‬
depression of water level by well-point system, ‫ بند های موقتی و‬،‫ کانال زهکشی‬،‫آب‬
cofferdams and other necessary works to keep the ‫کار ضروری دیگر به منظور خشک‬
foundation trenches dry when so required and to ‫نگهداشتن چاله های تهداب روی دست‬
protect the green concrete/masonry against ‫گیرد تا از تخریب کانکریت ویا سنگ‬
damage by erosion or sudden rising of water level. ‫کاری در برابر بلند رفتن سطح آب‬

83 | S e c t i o n 2
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The methods to be adopted in this regard and ‫ میتود های کار برای‬.‫جلوگیری گردد‬
other details thereof shall be left to the choice of ‫انجام این فعالیت ها مطابق انتخاب‬
the Contractor but subject to approval of the ‫قراردادی واما به تایید انجنیر می‬
Engineer. Approval of the Engineer shall, however, .‫باشد‬
not relieve the Contractor of the responsibility for ‫در قسمت های که نیاز به احداث بند‬
the adequacy of dewatering and protection ‫ باید به ارتفاع و عمق‬،‫های موقتی است‬
‫مناسب و به شکل مصون تاسیس شود و‬
arrangements and for the quality and safety of the
‫مقابل نفوذ آب تحکیم گردد تا به صورت‬
works.
.‫مطمین ساخت و ساز در آن اجرا گردد‬
Where cofferdams are required, these shall be
‫ابعاد داخلی بند های موقتی باید طوری‬
carried to adequate depths and heights, be safely ‫باشد تا فضای کافی برای ساخت سازو‬
designed and constructed and be made as ‫نظارت وهمچنان نصب وسایل پمپ وغیره‬
watertight as is necessary for facilitating .‫را در داخل آن تامین نماید‬
construction to be carried out inside them. The ‫هرگاه ازقبل مشخص گردیده باشد که‬
interior dimensions of the cofferdams shall be ‫تهداب ها به شکل خشک قرار گرفته نمی‬
such as to give sufficient clearance for the ‫تواند و همچنان عملیه تصفیه هم به‬
construction and inspection and to permit ‫منظور خشک نگهداشتن آن سنگین تمام‬
installation of pumping equipment, etc., inside the ‫ تهداب کانکریتی باید توسط پایپ‬،‫شود‬
enclosed area. ‫مخصوص آن و با تایید انجنیر در بین‬
If it is determined beforehand that the ‫ در صورت جریان آب ویا‬.‫آب قرار گیرد‬
foundations cannot be laid dry or the situation is ‫ جریان آن باید در هنگام جا‬،‫چشمه ها‬
‫به جایی کانکریت قطع ویا کاهش داده‬
found that the percolation is too heavy for keeping
.‫شود‬
the foundation dry, the foundation concrete shall
‫پمپ نمودن از داخل محوطه تهداب ها‬
be laid under water by tremie pipe only. In case of
‫باید طوری اجرا گردد که مانع حرکت‬
flowing water or artesian springs, the flow shall be
‫ هیچ‬.‫آب در داخل کانکریت تازه گردد‬
stopped or reduced as far as possible at the time ‫گونه پمپ نمودن در جریان جا به جایی‬
of placing the concrete. ‫ ساعت بعد از‬24 ‫کانکریت ویا در زمان‬
Pumping from the interior of any foundation ‫ مگر اینکه توسط‬،‫آن مجاز نمی باشد‬
enclosure shall be done in such a manner as to ‫ چاله از کار‬،‫یک جدا کننده مناسب‬
preclude the possibility of the movement of water ‫کانکریت به واسطه دیوار های ضد آب‬
through any fresh concrete. No pumping shall be ‫ویا موارد مشابه به آن جدا گردیده‬
permitted during the placing of concrete or for any .‫باشد‬
period of at least 24 hours thereafter, unless it is ‫ ترزیق سمنت ویا‬،‫به صالحدید قراردادی‬
done from a suitable sump separated from the ‫دیگر طریقه های تایید شد ه برای‬
concrete work by a watertight wall or other similar ‫جلوگیری ویا کاهش نفوذ آب باید‬
means. .‫استفاده گردد‬
At the discretion of the Contractor, cement ‫قراردادی باید تمام پیشگیری های الزم‬
‫را برای رد نمودن کانال ها و تخلیه‬
grouting or other approved methods may be used
‫آب روی دست بگیرد تا به کار ها و‬
to prevent or reduce seepage and to product the
.‫ملکیت های دیگر صدمه وارد نگردد‬
excavation area.
The Contractor shall take all precautions in
diverting channels and in discharging the drained
water as not to cause damage to the works, crops
or any other property.

204.3.4 Preparation of foundation ‫ آماده نمودن تهداب ها‬204.3.4

84 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

The bottom of the foundation shall be leveled ‫قسمت پایینی تهداب باید طوال و عرضا‬
both longitudinally and transversely or stepped as .‫مطابق به هدایت انجنیر هموار گردد‬
directed by the Engineer. Before foundation is ‫ سطح باید اندکی‬،‫قبل از گذاشتن تهداب‬
laid, the surface shall be slightly watered and ‫آب داده شده و تپک گردد و در صورتیکه‬
rammed in the event of excavation having been ‫کندنکاری بیشتر از سطح نشان داده شده‬
‫ عمق اضافی باید‬،‫در نقشه ها باشد‬
made deeper than that shown on the drawings or
‫ و به مصارف‬masonry ‫توسط کانکریت ویا‬
as otherwise ordered by the Engineer, the extra
‫ پرکاری معمولی‬.‫قراردادی تکمیل گردد‬
depth shall be made up with concrete or masonry
‫نباید به منظور هم تراز سازی تهداب‬
of the foundation at the cost of the Contractor.
.‫و ساحه مورد استفاده قرار بگیرد‬
Ordinary filling shall not be used for the purpose
‫در صورت مقابل شدن با سنگ ویا دیگر‬
to bring the foundation to level. ‫ باید مواد نرم و سست‬،‫الیه های سخت‬
When rock or other hard strata is encountered it ‫ و به یک سطح سفت‬،‫آنرا دور نموده‬
shall be freed of all soft and loose material, ‫ تمام درز‬.‫طبق هدایت انجنیر قطع گردد‬
cleaned and cut to a firm surface either level and ‫ها پاک و توسط مصاله ویا شیره‬
stepped as directed by the Engineer. All seams .‫کانکریت طبق رضایت انجنیر پر گردد‬
shall be cleaned out and filled with cement mortar ‫ فضای حلقوی‬،‫در صورت کندنکاری در سنگ‬
or grout to the satisfaction of the Engineer. In the ‫اطراف تهداب باید همرای کانکریت سبک‬
case of excavation in rock, annular space around ‫ الی سطح باالیی سنگ‬nominal mix 1:3:6
footing shall be filled with lean concrete (1:3:6 .‫پر گردد‬
nominal mix) up to the top level of rock. ‫تهداب ها باید طوری باشد که در نقشه‬
The foundation shall be as shown on the Drawings. .‫ها نشان داده شده است‬
When gravel or crushed stone foundation fill is ‫هرگاه تهداب های که با جعل ویا سنگ‬
shown in the Drawings, it shall be laid and ‫های شکسته شده پر گردیده اند در نقشه‬
‫ باید به عمق که در‬،‫نشان داده شود‬
compacted to the thickness shown in the
‫نقش ها نشان داده شده و در طبقات که‬
Drawings in layers not greater than 150 mm. In
‫ ملی متر نباشد تپک‬150 ‫بیشتر از‬
case such foundation fill is not shown in the
‫ در صورتیکه پرکاری این چنین‬.‫گردد‬
Drawings but the excavation bottom is soft or ‫تهداب درنقشه ها نشان داده نشده باشد‬
mucky or otherwise unsuitable, as determined by ‫ ازنظر‬،‫و اما قسمت پایینی کندکاری‬
the Engineer, the Contractor shall remove the ‫ کثیف ویا نامناسب‬،‫ نرم‬،‫انجنیر‬
unsuitable material and replaced by gravel or ‫ قراردادی باید خاک های نا‬،‫باشد‬
crushed stone foundation fill and compacted in ‫مناسب را با جغل و سنگ های شکسته‬
layers not greater than 150mm. Lean concrete of ‫تبدیل نموده و در طبقات که بیشتر از‬
strength shown in the Drawings but not less than .‫ ملی متر نباشد تپک گردد‬150
15 MPa shall be placed over the excavation ‫کانگریت سبک ویا کانگریت صاف به‬
bottom or top of the gravel or crushed stone ‫مقاومت های که در نقشه ها نشان داده‬
foundation fill to the bottom level of the structure ‫شده است باید در قسمت پایینی ویا‬
foundation. The thickness of the lean concrete ‫ ذخامت‬.‫باالیی جغل جا به جا گردد‬
‫کانکریت سبک ویا صاف باید مطابق به‬
shall be as shown on the Drawings and shall not be
.‫ ملی متر نباشد‬51 ‫نقشه ها و کمتر از‬
less than 50mm.

204.3.5 Slips and slip-outs ‫ ساحات لغزشی‬204.3.5

If there are any slips or slip-outs in the excavation, ‫در صورت موجودیت ساحات لغزشی در‬
these shall be removed by the Contractor at his ‫قراردادی باید آنرا‬ ،‫کندنکاری ها‬
own cost. .‫به مصارفات خودی کندنکاری نماید‬

85 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

204.3.6 Public safety ‫ مصونیت عامه‬204.3.6

Near towns, villages and all frequented places, ‫ قریه ها و تمام‬،‫در ساحات نزدیک شهر‬
trenches and foundation pits shall be securely ‫ چاله ها و تهداب‬،‫موقیعت های مزدحم‬
‫ها باید به طور مصون احاطه گردیده و‬
fenced, provided with proper caution signs and
‫تهیه گردد و‬ ‫عالیم هوشدار احتیاط‬
marked with red lights at night to avoid accidents.
‫همچنان به منظور جلو گیری از حادثات‬
The contractor shall take adequate protective
.‫شبانه باید چراغ های سرخ نصب گردد‬
measures to see that the excavation operations do ‫قراردادی باید محاسبات دقیق برای‬
not affect or damage adjoining structures. ‫به‬ ‫حفرکاری‬ ‫صدمات‬ ‫از‬ ‫جلوگیری‬
.‫ساختمان های اطراف روی دست بگیرد‬

204.3.7 Backfilling ‫ پرکاری‬204.3.7

Backfilling shall be done with approved material ‫پر کاری توسط مواد تایید شده بعد از‬
after concrete or masonry is fully set and carried ‫اتمام کارهای کانکریت و سنگ کاری‬
‫طوری انجام گردد که باعث تخریب‬
out in such a way as not to cause undue thrust on
‫ تمام خالیگه ها میان‬.‫ساختمان نگردد‬
any part of the structure. All space between
‫تهداب ها دیوار های حفرکاری باید در‬
foundation masonry or concrete and the sides of
‫ ملی متر نباشد‬150 ‫طبقات که بیشتر از‬
excavation shall be refilled to the original surface ‫ تپک کاری باید با‬.‫پر کاری گردد‬
or designed ground level in layers not exceeding ‫های‬ ‫تمپر‬ ‫مانند‬ ‫مناسب‬ ‫وسایل‬
150 mm of compacted thickness. The compaction ‫ و غیره‬plate vibrator ،‫ کوبه‬،‫میخانیکی‬
shall be done with the help of suitable equipment .‫با خاک مناسب و آب کافی اجرا گردد‬
such as mechanical tamper, ramper, plate vibrator
etc., after necessary watering, so as to achieve a
density not less than the field density before
excavation.

204.3.8 Disposal of surplus excavated materials ‫ دفع مواد اضافی کندنکاری‬204.3.8

Clause 203.3.9 shall apply. ‫شده‬
.‫ باید تطبیق گردد‬203.3.9 ‫ماده‬

Method of Measurements ‫ طریقه های انداره گیری‬204.4

Excavation for structures shall be measured in ‫کندنکاری برای ساختمان ها باید به‬
cubic meters regardless of any class of material ‫متر مکعب انداره گیری گردد به‬
encountered, limited to the dimensions shown on ‫استثنای مواد که به ابعاد مشخص شده‬
the drawings or as directed by the Engineer. ‫در نقشه ها محدود شده باشد ویا مطابق‬
Excavation over increased width, cutting of slopes, ‫ کندنکاری در‬.‫به هدایت انجنیر باشد‬
‫ قطع کاری میل‬،‫ساحات با عرض بیشتر‬
shoring, shuttering and planking shall be deemed
‫ تخته بندی و تخته پوشی‬،‫هاف شمع زنی‬
as convenience for the Contractor in executing the
‫برای قراردادی یک سهولت برای اجرای‬
work and shall not be measured and paid for
‫کار محسوب گردیده و برای آن به طور‬
separately.
.‫جداگانه پرداخت نمی گردد‬
Foundation fill, when shown in the BOQ, shall be ،‫پرکاری تهداب ها با مواد دانه دار‬
measured in cubic meters in final position of the ‫ نشان داده شده است باید به‬BoQ ‫که در‬
special granular material placed below the ‫متر مکعب اندازه گردیده و کار آن بعد‬
foundation of structures as specified, completed . ‫از جا به جایی در ساحه تایید گردد‬
in place and accepted.

86 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

When blinding concrete or lean concrete ‫در صورتیکه تهداب های کانکریتی سبک‬
foundation is shown in the BOQ, it shall be ،‫ نشان داده شده باشد‬BoQ ‫و صاف در‬
measured in cubic meters placed as shown in the ‫باید به متر مکعب اندازه گردیده و‬
Drawings and accepted. . ‫مطابق به نقشه ها جا به جا شود‬
In case structure excavation and/or foundation fill ‫ ویا پر‬/‫هرگاه کندنکاری ساختمان و‬
are specified to be inclusive in the unit rates of (Granular ‫کاری تهداب های دانه یی‬
other items, they shall not be measured in this ‫ِ یکی از‬ ‫مشمول قیمت فی واحد‬foundation)
Clause. ‫ درین صورت نباید‬،‫اقالم دیگر باشد‬
. ‫شامل این ماده گردد‬
204 (1) Structure Excavation cum ‫پرکاری مواد نفوذ پذیر برای دیوار‬
‫ دیواره‬،‫ تکیه گاه ها‬،‫های استنادی‬
204 (2) Foundation Fill cum
‫های جانبی باید به مترمکعبِ حجم تکمیل‬
204 (3) Lean Concrete cum
‫شده و مطابق به ابعاد نشان داده شده‬
. ‫در نقشه ها محاسبه گردد‬
‫) کندنکاری ساختمان‬1( 204
cum
‫) پر کاری تهداب های دانه یی‬2( 204
cum )‫(جغلی‬
‫) کانکریت صاف‬3( 204
cum

Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬204.5

The Contract unit rate for the structure excavation ‫قیمت فی واحد قرارداد برای اقالم‬
shall be payment in full for carrying out the ‫حفرکاری ساختمان ها عبارت از پرداخت‬
required operations including full compensation ‫کامل برای اجرای عملیات الزمی به شمول‬
for: .‫جبران مصارف ذیل میباشد‬
(1) setting out; ‫) آماده سازی برای اجرای کار‬1(

(2) construction of necessary cofferdams, ،‫) ساخت و ساز بند های موقتی‬2(
cribs, sheeting, shoring and bracing and ‫ شمع زنی‬،‫ تخته بندی‬،‫حوضچه ها‬
their subsequent removal; .‫و سطح بندی و انتقال بعدی آن‬

‫ کنده‬،‫) انتقال تمام چوب های گرد‬3(

(3) removal of all logs, stumps, grubs and
‫ها و دیگر مواد های زیان آور‬
other deleterious matter and obstructions
‫و موانع برای جا به جایی تهداب‬
for placing the foundations including
‫ها به شمول قطع کاری قسمت های‬
pumping when no separate provision for
. ‫پایینی ساحه کندنکاری شده‬
it is made in the Contract;
‫پاک کاری‬ ،‫پرکاری‬ ،‫) انتقال‬4(
(4) backfilling, clearing up the site and ‫مواد های‬ ‫ساحه و دفع تمام‬
disposal of all surplus material within all ‫نامناسب و اضافی و‬
lifts and leads up to 5000 m or as
otherwise specified; and ،‫ اسباب‬،‫ مواد‬،‫) تمام کارمندان‬5(
‫ تغیر‬،‫ مقررات ایمینی‬،‫تجهیزات‬
(5) all labors, materials, tools, equipment, ‫مسیر ترافیک و ضروریات الزمی‬
safety measures, diversion of traffic and

87 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

incidentals necessary to complete the ‫به‬ ‫مطابق‬ ‫کار‬ ‫برای تکمیل‬

work to Specification. .‫طرزالعمل‬

Embankment and Fill ‫ پر کاری خاکریزی ها‬205

Scope of Work ‫ هدف‬205.1
These Specifications shall apply to the ‫این طرزالعمل ها شامل ساخت و ساز و‬
construction of embankments including ‫ محوطه ها و سایر‬,‫پر کاری بدنه خاکی‬
subgrades, earthen shoulders and miscellaneous ‫موارد برای پر کاری توسط مواد تایید‬
backfills with approved material obtained from ‫شده به دست آمده از حفر سرک و‬
roadway and structure excavation, borrow pits or ‫ ذخایر بیرونی یا سایر‬,‫ساختمان‬
‫منابع بدون موادی که شامل حفر سرک و‬
other sources. All embankments, subgrades,
‫تمام‬ .‫میباشد‬ ‫میگردد‬ ‫ساختمان‬
earthen shoulders and miscellaneous backfills
‫ محوطه های‬,‫ بدنه خاکی‬,‫خاکریزی ها‬
shall be constructed in accordance with the
‫شرقی و سایر پر کاری های باید در‬
requirements of these Specifications and in ‫مطابقت با مقتضیات این طرزالعمل و‬
conformity with the lines, grades, and cross- ‫ میل ها و مقاطع‬,‫مطابق به مسیر ها‬
sections shown on the drawings or as directed by ‫داده شده در نقشه ها یا طبق هدایت‬
the Engineer. .‫انجنییر باشد‬

Material Requirements ‫ مقتضیات مواد‬205.2

205.2.1 Physical requirements ‫ مقتضیات فزیکی‬205.2.1
The materials used in embankments, subgrades, ,‫مواد استفاده شده در بدنه خاکی‬
earthen shoulders and miscellaneous backfills ‫ محوطه شرقی و سایر خاک برای‬,‫خاکریزی‬
,‫ جغل‬,‫پر کاری باید از جنس خاک‬
shall be soil, moorum, gravel, a mixture of these or
‫مخلوطی از هر دو و یا سایر مواد‬
any other material approved by the Engineer. Such
‫ این‬.‫تایید شده توسط انجنییر باشد‬
materials shall be free of logs, stumps, roots,
‫مواد باید عاری از هر نوع توته چوب‬
rubbish or any other ingredient likely to ‫ کثافات یا‬,‫ ریشه ها‬,‫ کنده درخت‬,‫ها‬
deteriorate or affect the stability of the ,‫سایر مواد که باعث تضعیف خاکریزی‬
embankment/subgrade. .‫بدنه خاکی و پر کاری میگردد باشد‬
The following types of material shall be considered ‫مواد ذیل برای پر کاری قابل استفاده‬
unsuitable for embankment and fill: :‫نمی باشد‬
(1) Materials from swamps, marshes and ‫ کنده چوب و مواد‬,‫) خاک نباتی‬1(
bogs; ‫فاسد شده؛‬
(2) Peat, log, stump and perishable material; ‫) موادی که در معرض احتراق خود‬2(
(3) Materials in a frozen condition; ‫به خودی باشد؛‬
(4) Clay having liquid limit exceeding 70 and ‫) مواد در حالت یخبندی؛‬3(
plasticity index exceeding 45; and ‫ اضافه‬liquid limit ‫) خاکی که دارای‬4(
(5) Material with salts resulting in leaching in ‫ اضافه‬plasticity index ‫ و‬70 ‫تر از‬
the embankment. ‫ نباشد؛‬45 ‫تر از‬
The size of the coarse material in the mixture of ‫) مواد نمکی که باعث آبشویی در‬5(
soil shall ordinary not exceed 75 mm when being .‫خاکریزی میگردد‬
paced in the embankment and 50 mm when ‫سایز مواد کالن دانه در مخلوط باید‬
placed in the subgrade. However, the Engineer ‫ ملی که در‬75 ‫به صورت عادی از‬
may at his discretion permit the use of material ‫ ملی‬50 ‫خاکریزی استفاده میشود و از‬
‫که برای بدنه خاکی استفاده میشود‬

88 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

coarser than this also if he is satisfied that the ‫ انجنییر‬,‫ به هر حال‬.‫اضافه تر نباشد‬
same will not present any difficulty as regards the ‫میتواند در مورد استفاده از جغل های‬
placement of fill material and its compaction to ‫ساز باال در صورتی که باعث تغیرات‬
the requirements of these Specifications. The ‫منفی در مقاومت و تپک کاری مخلوط‬
maximum particle size shall not be more than two- ‫نسبت به مقتضیات طرزالعمل نگردد‬
‫ بزرگترین سایز مواد‬.‫تصمیم بگیرد‬
thirds of the compacted layer thickness.
‫نباید اافه تر از سوم حصه ذخامت تپک‬
.‫شده باشد‬

205.2.2 Source of Materials ‫ منابع مواد‬205.2.2

The materials for embankment shall be obtained ‫مواد برای خاکریزی باید از منابع‬
from approved sources with preferences given to ‫ و اولویت به‬,‫تایید شده به دست آید‬
‫موادی داد میشود که از ساحات نزدیکی‬
materials becoming available from nearby
.‫و یا تحت عین قرارداد باشد‬
roadway excavation or any other excavation
‫کار آن قسمی تنطیم گردد که مواد‬
under the same Contract.
‫ً تحت بدنه خاکی و‬ ‫خوبتر باید دقیقا‬
The work shall be so planned and executed that
.‫یا خاکریزی قرار گیرد‬
the best available materials are saved for the
‫در صورتی که مواد از ذخایر بیرونی‬
subgrade and the embankment portion just below ‫ سایز و شکل ساحه‬,‫ موقعیت‬,‫به دست آید‬
the subgrade. ‫باید توسط انجنییر تایید شده و بدون‬
Where the materials are to be obtained from ‫اجازه رسمی و کتبی انجنییر نباید باز‬
designated borrow areas, the location, size and ‫ در صورتی که ذخایر توسط‬.‫گردد‬
shape of these areas shall be as indicated by the ‫انجنییر و یا صاحب امتیاز پروژه ذکر‬
Engineer and the same shall not be opened ‫ تدارک ساحه باید برای‬,‫نگردیده باشد‬
without his written permission. Where specific ‫به دست آ وردن مواد برای خاکریزی و‬
borrow areas are not designated by the Engineer, ‫بدنه خاکی و مطابقت آن با مقتضیات‬
arrangement for locating the source of supply of .‫محیطی مسوولیت قراردادی میباشد‬
material for embankment and subgrade as well as ‫مواد از کناره های سرک برای بدنه آن‬
compliance to environmental requirements in ,‫ در صورت اجاره انجنییر‬.‫منظور نیست‬
‫باید به صورت مداوم مورد استفاده‬
respect of excavation and borrow areas as
‫ خاک پشته های با عرض‬.‫قرار نگیرد‬
stipulated, from time to time by the relevant
‫ متر باید در محدوده‬8 ‫اضافه تر از‬
authority of the Government of Afghanistan and
‫ آبرو های‬.‫ متر باشد‬300 ‫های کمتر از‬
the local bodies, as applicable, shall be the sole ‫کوچک به منظور زهکشی در مسیر خاک‬
responsibility of the Contractor. ‫ عمق حفره ها باید‬.‫پشته ها حفر کردد‬
Borrow pits along the road shall be discouraged. If ‫قسمی صورت گیرد تا قسمت پایین آن‬
permitted by the Engineer, these shall not be dug ‫ به نسبت‬1 ‫تشکیل خطوط مجازی به میل‬
continuously. Ridges of not less than 8 m width ,‫ از کناره نهایی مقطع حفره ندهد‬4
should be left at intervals not exceeding 300 m. ‫ متر‬1.5 ‫عمق اعظمی به هر حالت‬
Small drains shall be cut through the ridges to ‫ گودال حفر شده باید‬,‫ همچنان‬.‫میباشد‬
facilitate drainage. The depth of the pits shall be ‫دارای عرض آفست از گوشه خاکریزی مورد‬
so regulated that their bottom does not cut an ‫نیاز در مطابقت با تعادل ان به عرض‬
imaginary line having a slope of 1 vertical to 4 .‫ متر باشد‬10
horizontal projected from the edge of the final ‫جابجایی مواد در خاکریزی و یا سایر‬
‫ساحات برای پر کاری وقتی صورت گیرد‬
section of the bank, the maximum depth in any
.‫که به صورت درست و به اندازه کافی‬
case being limited to 1.5 m. Also, no pit shall be
‫ مواد حفری‬.‫در ساحه پخش و تپک شود‬
dug within the offset width from the toe of the
,‫تایید شده نباید از ساحه بیرون گردد‬

89 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

embankment required as per the consideration of ‫مگر اینکه ضروریان ساحه را تکافو‬
stability with a minimum width of 10 m. ‫ قراردادی به منظور تامین‬.‫کرده باشد‬
Haulage of material to embankments or other ‫فضای کاری میتواند مواد را به ساحه‬
areas of fill shall proceed only when sufficient ‫ای دیگر انتقال دهد و در صورت ضرورت‬
spreading and compaction plant is operating at .‫از آن استفاده گردد‬
the place of deposition. ‫در صورتیکه در جریان کندن کاری‬
‫قراردادی به مواد مناسب و نا مناسب‬
No excavated acceptable material other than
‫ حفر آنرا باید قسمی انجام‬,‫بر میخورد‬
surplus to requirements of the Contract shall be
‫دهد تا مواد قابل استفاده آن با مواد‬
removed from the site. Should the Contractor be
.‫غیر ضروری خلط نگردد‬
permitted to remove acceptable material from the
‫قراردادی باید تضمین نماید که طریقه‬
site to suit his operational procedure, then he shall ‫ذخیره سازی آن ها باعث تضعیف مقاومت‬
make good any consequent deficit of material ‫حفره ها یا پر کاری ها نمیگردد با‬
arising therefrom. ‫استفاده از ساحه ساخته شده برای‬
Where the excavation reveals a combination of .‫ذخیره سازی مواد‬
acceptable and unacceptable material, the ‫قراردادی باید از تمام ساحه که از‬
Contractor shall, unless otherwise agreed by the ‫مواد گرفته میشود به شکل نمونه ای و‬
Engineer, carry out the excavation in such a ‫مطابق به پالن تایید شده توسط انجنییر‬
manner that the acceptable materials are ‫ باید‬.‫برای تست ها نمونه اخذ نماید‬
excavated separately for use in the permanent ‫تضمین گردد که مواد متذکره بعد از‬
works without contamination by the unacceptable CBR ‫تپک کاری به کثافت معینه به‬
materials. The acceptable materials shall be .‫دلخواه میرسد‬
stockpiled separately.
The Contractor shall ensure that he does not
adversely affect the stability of excavation or fills
by the representative samples from each of the
identified borrow areas and have these tested at
the size laboratory following a testing program
approved by the Engineer. It shall be ensured that
the subgrade material when compacted to the
density requirements shall yield the design CBR
value of the subgrade.

Construction Operations ‫ عملیات ساخت و ساز‬205.3

205.3.1 Setting out ‫ آماده سازی‬205.3.1
After the site has been cleared to Clause 201, the ‫بعد از پاک کاری ساحه مزابق به ماده‬
work shall be set out to Clause 203.3.1. The limits ‫ آغاز‬203.3.1 ‫ کار برای ماده‬,201
of embankment/subgrade shall be marked by . ‫میگردد‬
‫اندازه ها برای خاکریزی و بدنه خاکی‬
fixing batter pegs on both sides at regular intervals
‫توسط میخ ها در هر دو انجام به صورت‬
as guides before commencing the earthwork. The
‫پی هم قبل از آغاز کار نشانی گذاری‬
embankment/ subgrade shall be built sufficiently
‫ خاکریزی و بدنه خاکی باید‬.‫میگردد‬
wider than the design dimension so that surplus ‫به عرض زیاد تر انداخته شود تا مواد‬
material may be trimmed, ensuring that the ‫ به شرط اینکه‬,‫اضافی آن تراش گردد‬
remaining material is to the desired density and in ‫مواد اضافی دارای کثافت معینه بوده‬

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Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

position specified and conforms to the specified ‫و در موقعیت داده شده و به میل های‬
side slopes. . ‫تعین شده باشد‬

205.3.2 Dewatering ‫ آب گیری‬205.3.2

If the foundation of the embankment is in an area ‫اگر تهداب خاکریزی در ساحه ای که‬
with stagnant water, and in the opinion of the ‫ و انجنییر برطرف‬,‫دارای آب راکد باشد‬
‫ آب متذکره‬,‫کردن آنرا توصیه مینماید‬
Engineer it is feasible to remove it, the same shall
,‫باید توسط پمپ و یا سطل برطرف گردد‬
be removed by bailing out or pumping, as directed
‫و بعد از تاییدی انجنییر ساحه باید‬
by the Engineer and the area of the embankment
. ‫به صورت خشک نگهداری گردد‬
foundation shall be kept dry. Care shall be taken
‫در جریان خارج نمودن آب توجه صورت‬
to discharge the drained water so as not to cause ‫ حاصالت و‬,‫گیرد تا به سایر کار ها‬
damage to the works, crops or any other property. ‫ در صورت عدم‬.‫ملکیت ها صدمه نرسد‬
Due to any negligence on the part of the ‫توجه قرادادی هر نوع تخریبات نایل‬
Contractor, if any such damage is caused, it shall ‫شده توسط قراردادی به مصارف خود‬
be the sole responsibility of the Contractor to .‫قراردادی ترمیم و بازسازی گردد‬
repair/restore it to original condition or
compensate the damage at his own cost.

205.3.3 Stripping and storing topsoil ‫ تراش و نگهداری خاک طبقه‬205.3.3

In localities where most of the available ‫باالیی‬
embankment materials are not conductive to ‫در همسایه گی ها که اکثر مواد‬
‫خاکریزی های موجوده مناسب به رشد‬
plant growth, or when so directed by the Engineer,
‫ یا قسمی که توسط‬,‫نباتات نمیباشد‬
the topsoil from all areas of cutting and from all
‫ خاک طبقه‬,‫انجنییر هدایت داده میشود‬
areas to be covered by embankment foundation
‫باالیی از تمام ساحات تراش شده و از‬
shall be stripped to specified depths not exceeding ‫ساحاتیکه توسط تهداب خاکریزی پوشش‬
150 mm and stored in stockpiles of height not ‫میگردد به الیه های داده شده که عمق‬
exceeding 2 m for covering embankment slopes. ‫ متر اضافه‬2 ‫ متر و ارتقاع‬150 ‫آن از‬
Cut slopes and other disturbed areas where re- ,‫نباشد برای پوشش میل های خاکریزی‬
vegetation is desired. Topsoil shall not be ‫میل های قطعات و سایر ساحات دست‬
unnecessarily trafficked either before stripping or ‫خورده که نیاز به دوباره ترمیم داشته‬
when in a stockpile. Stockpiles shall not be ‫ خاک طبقه باالیی‬.‫باشد ذخیره گردد‬
surcharged or stripping or otherwise loaded and ‫نباید بدون نیاز قبل از تراش کاری و‬
multiple handle shall be kept to a minimum. .‫یا از مکان ذخیره شده انتقال گردد‬
‫ذخیره نباید اضافه بار گردد یا اینکه‬
‫بار گیری و انتقاالت به حد کافی کم‬
.‫گردد‬

205.3.4 Compacting ground supporting ‫برای‬ ‫زمین‬ ‫کاری‬ ‫تپک‬ 205.3.4

embankment/subgrade ‫ بدنه خاکی‬/‫استحکامات خاکریزی‬
Where necessary, the original ground shall be ‫ زمین طبیعی لویول شده‬,‫در صورت ضرورت‬
‫ تراش گردیده‬,‫و به طبقه اولی خاکریزی‬
leveled to facilitate placement of first layer of
‫ً توسط رولر برای‬
‫با آب خلط شده و بعدا‬
embankment, scarified, mixed with water and
‫ فیصد کثافت نسبی‬95 ‫به دست آوردن‬
then compacted by rolling so as to achieve 95

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percent of the maximum dry density determined ‫آماده‬ ‫آشتو‬ 99-‫تی‬ ‫ماده‬ ‫مطابق به‬
according to AASHTO T 99. . ‫میگردد‬
In case where the difference between the ‫در صورتی که تفاوت بین سطح بدنه خاکی‬
subgrade level (top of the subgrade on which ‫(قسمت باالی بدنه خاکی که باالی آن سرک‬
pavement rests) and ground level is less than 0.5 0.5 ‫واقع میگردد) و سطح زمین کمتر از‬
m and the ground does not have 95 percent of the ‫ فیصد‬95 ‫متر باشد و زمین آن دارای‬
maximum dry density, the ground shall be ‫ زمین آن به عمق‬,‫کثافت نسبی نباشد‬
‫ آب پاشی شده و‬,‫ متر سست گردیده‬0.5
loosened up to a level 0.5 m below the subgrade
‫به طبقات داده شده مطابق به ماده‬
level, watered and compacted in layers in
‫ تپک کاری گردیده‬205.3.6 ‫ و‬205.3.5
accordance with Clauses 205.3.5 and 205.3.6 to
‫ فیصد را‬95 ‫تا کثافت اضافه تر از‬
not less than 95 percent of the maximum dry
. ‫ به دست آید‬AASTO T-99 ‫مطابق به‬
density determined according to AASHTO T 99. ‫قسمی که توسط انجنییر هدایت داده‬
Where so directed by the Engineer, any unsuitable ‫ در صورت برخورد با مواد نا‬,‫میشود‬
material occurring in the embankment foundation ‫ مواد‬,‫مناسب در تهداب خاکریزی‬
shall be removed and replaced by approved ‫متذکره باید با مواد تایید شده به‬
materials laid in layers to the required degree of .‫صورت طبقاتی جابجا و تپک گردد‬
compaction. ‫کار خاکریزی یا بدنه خاکی نباید الی‬
Embankment or subgrade work shall not proceed ‫قبولی و بازرسی تهداب ها توسط‬
until the foundations for embankment/subgrade ‫انجنییر به منظور به دست آوردن نتایج‬
have been inspected by the Engineer for . ‫مطلوب انجام گردد‬
satisfactory condition and approved. ‫هر نوع استحکامات برای خاکریزی ها‬
Any foundation treatment specified for ‫ که باالی‬,‫ً خاکریزی های مرتفیع‬ ‫خصوصا‬
embankments especially high embankments, ‫تهداب های متزلزل که در اثر تست بور‬
‫تشخیص شده باید به روش و عمق داده‬
resting on suspect foundations as revealed by
‫ اگر‬.‫شده توسط انجنییر انجام شود‬
borehole logs shall be carried out in a manner and
‫زمینی که باالی آن خاکریزی انجام‬
to the depth as desired by the Engineer. Where
‫ در ماده‬f ‫ تا‬a ‫میشود از مواد نوع‬
the ground on which an embankment is to be built
‫ ملی متر‬500 ‫ حد اقل‬,‫ باشد‬205.2.1
has any of the material types (1) to (5) in Clause ‫از این مواد برداشته شده و با مواد‬
205.2.1, at least 500 mm of such material must be ‫مناسب قبل از شروع کار خاکریزی تبدیل‬
removed and replaced by acceptable fill material .‫گردد‬
before embankment construction commences.

205.3.5 Spreading material in layers and ‫ پخش مواد در طبقات و مرطوب‬205.3.5

bringing to appropriate moisture content ‫سازی‬
The embankment and subgrade material shall be ‫خاکریزی و بدنه خاکی به طبقات با‬
200 ‫ذخامت یکنواخت که اضافه تر از‬
spread in layers of uniform thickness not
‫ملی بعد از تپک کاری نبوده در تمام‬
exceeding 200 mm compacted thickness over the
,‫عرض خاکریزی توسط روش های میخانیکی‬
entire width of embankment by mechanical
‫آماده شده توسط گریدر و تپک کاری آن‬
means, finished by a motor grader and compacted .‫ باشد صورت بگیرد‬, 205.3.6 ‫طبق ماده‬
as per Clause 205.3.6. The motor grader blade ‫ای‬ ‫تیغه‬ ‫دارای‬ ‫باید‬ ‫گریدر‬
shall have hydraulic control suitable for initial ‫هایدرولیکی بوده تا میل داده شده را‬
adjustment and maintain the same so as to ‫در تمام ساحه به صورت منظم کنترول‬
achieve the specific slope and grade. Successive ‫ طبقات بعدی الی ختم کار طبقه‬.‫نماید‬
layers shall not be placed until the layer under ‫زیر کار انداخته نمیشود تا اینکه تست‬
construction has been thoroughly compacted to AASHTO T 99 ‫های تپک کاری مطابق به‬

92 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

95 percent of the maximum dry density ‫ هر طبقه ای تپک‬.‫موفقانه سپری شود‬

determined according to AASHTO T 99 and ‫شده باید موازی با مقطع نهایی‬
approved by the Engineer. Each compacted layer . ‫خاکریزی آماده گردد‬
shall be finished parallel to the final cross-section ‫رطوبت مواد در ساحه و قبل از آغاز‬
of the embankment. ‫کار بررسی گردد؛ اگر مطابق به اندازه‬
Moisture content of the material shall be checked .‫ها نباشد باید دوباره آماده گردد‬
‫در صورتی که آب برای چنین کا ها‬
at the site of placement prior to commencement
‫ آب باید توسط آب پاش از‬,‫ضرورت باشد‬
of compaction; if found to be out of agreed limits,
‫یک تانکر آب با نرخ پخش ثابت و به‬
the same shall be made good. Where water is
‫تمام عرض داده شده که آب پاش آن قابل‬
required to be added in such constructions, water ‫کنترول باشد صورت بگیرد تا از اضافه‬
shall be sprinkled from a water tanker fitted with ‫ آب‬.‫شدن آب در یک ساحه جلوگیری گردد‬
sprinkler capable of applying water uniformly with ‫باید به صورت منظم و یکنواخت به خاک‬
a controllable rate of flow to variable widths of ‫اضافه گردیده و به صورت درست خلط‬
surface but without any flooding. The water shall ‫گردد تا در تمام عمق آن رطوبت به‬
be added uniformly and thoroughly mixed in soil .‫صورت همناخت پخش گردد‬
until uniform moisture content is obtained ‫اگر خاکیکه به بستر سرک انتقال‬
throughout the depth of the layer. ‫ باید خشک‬,‫میگردد بسیار مرطوب باشد‬
After adding the required amount of water, the ‫ به واسطه گذاشتن آن در فضای‬,‫گردد‬
soil shall be processed by means of graders, ‫ تا وقتی که رطوبت آن‬,‫آزاد و آفتاب‬
harrows, rotary mixers or as otherwise approved ‫ در‬.‫قابل قبول برای تپک کاری باشد‬
‫صورت مواجه شدن به حالتی که رطوبت‬
by the Engineer until the layer is uniformly wet.
‫خاک به طریفه های ذکر شده کاهش‬
Clods or hard lumps of earth shall be broken to
‫ کار تپک کاری باید به تعویق‬,‫نیابد‬
have a maximum size of 75 mm when being placed
. ‫افتد‬
in the embankment and a maximum size of 50 mm
,‫بعد از اضافه نمودن مقدار کافی آب‬
when being placed in the subgrade. ‫مواد به صورت درست توسط گریدر و یا‬
Embankment and other areas of fill shall, unless ‫سایر وسایل مخلوط میگردد تا رطوبت‬
otherwise required in the Contract or permitted . ‫در تمام ساحات خاک یکنواخت گردد‬
by the Engineer, be constructed evenly over their ‫کلوخه های زمین باید به اندازه ای‬
full width and their fullest possible extent and the ‫ ملی برای خاکریزی ها‬75 ‫کوچک تر از‬
Contractor shall control and direct construction ‫ ملی برای‬50 ‫و اندازه های کوچکتر از‬
plant and other vehicular traffic uniformly over ‫ خاکریزی و سایر‬.‫بدنه خاکی باشد‬
them. Damage by construction plant and other ‫ مگر اینکه در‬,‫موارد پرکاری باید‬
vehicular traffic shall be made good by the ‫قراداد ذکر گردیده باشد و یا اینکه‬
Contractor with material having the same ‫ به عرض مکمل‬,‫تایید شده انجنییر باشد‬
characteristics and strength as the material had ‫داده شده و به وسعت کامل ساخته شود‬
‫و قرادادی باید عبور و مرور وسایط‬
before it was damaged.
.‫پروژه و سایر وسایط را کنترول نماید‬
Embankment and other areas of unsupported fills
‫در صورت تخریب ساحه توسط وسایط پروژه‬
shall not be constructed with steeper side slopes,
‫و یا سایر وسایط باید توسط قراردادی‬
or to greater widths than those shown in the ‫با مواد و کیفیت همجنس آن ترمیم‬
Contract, except to permit adequate compaction . ‫گردد‬
at the edges before trimming back, or to obtain ‫خاکریزی و سایر ساحات پر کاری شده‬
the final profile following any settlement of the fill ,‫غیر تحکیمی نباید با میل های تند‬
and the underlying material. ‫یا عرض های اضافه تر از آن که در‬
Whenever fill is to be deposited against the face of ‫ ساخته شود مگر‬,‫قراداد نشان داده شده‬
a natural slope, or sloping earthworks face ‫اینکه کناره های آن قابلیت تپک شدن‬

93 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

including embankments, cuttings, other fills and ‫ یا اینکه‬,‫به حد کافی را دارا بوده‬
excavations steeper than 1 vertical on 4 ‫پروفایل نهایی آن بعد از هر نوع نشست‬
horizontal, such faces shall be benched as per ‫نگهداری گردد‬
Clause 205.4.1 immediately before placing the ‫در صورتی که پر کاری در مقابل سطح‬
subsequent fill. ‫ یا سطوح میل دار‬,‫طبیعی قرار گیرد‬
‫ سایر‬,‫ تراش کاری‬,‫شامل خاکریزی گردد‬
All permanent faces of side slopes of
1 ‫پر کاری ها و حفر های تند تر از‬
embankments and other areas of fill formed shall,
‫ این سطوح نظر به‬,‫ باشد‬4 ‫به نسبت‬
subsequent to any trimming operations, be ‫ً قبل از جابجایی‬‫ دقیقاا‬205.4.1 ‫ماده‬
reworked and sealed to the satisfaction of the ‫طبقات بعدی عالمه گذاری گردد‬
Engineer and tracking a tracked vehicle, ‫تمام سطوح دایمی میل های جانبی‬
considered suitable by the Engineer, on the slope ‫خاکریزی ها و سایر ساحات پرکاری‬
or any other method approved by the Engineer. ,‫ بعد از هر نوع تراش کاری‬,‫باید‬
‫دوباره ترتیب و تنظیم گردد تا مورد‬
‫تایید انجنییر توسط روش های مربوطه‬
. ‫آن قرار گیرد‬

205.3.6 Compaction ‫ تپک کاری‬205.3.6

Only the compaction equipment approved by the ‫تنها وسایط تایید شده توسط انجنییر‬
Engineer shall be employed to compact the ‫برای انجام کار تپک کاری مورد‬
different material types encountered during . Smooth wheeled, ‫استفاده قرار گیرد‬
construction. Smooth wheeled, vibratory, ‫و‬vibratory, pneumatic tired, pad foot rollers
‫غیره انواع وسایط با اندازه های‬
pneumatic tired, pad foot rollers, etc. of suitable
‫مناسب که تایید شده انجنییر باشد به‬
size and capacity as approved by the Engineer shall
‫منظور تپک کاری به صورت انفرادی و‬
be used for the different types and grades of
‫قرار‬ ‫استفاده‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫ترکیبی‬ ‫یا‬
materials required to be compacted either
. ‫میگیرد‬
individually or in suitable combinations. ‫ترکیب آن باید به کمک رولر وایبریتور‬
The compaction shall be done with the help of dram ‫ نیوتن با‬100 ‫ الی‬80 ‫که وزن آن‬
vibratory roller of 80 to 100 kN static weight with ‫های سطحی یا زمینی و یا نیوماتیک‬
plain or pad foot drum or heavy pneumatic tired ‫رولر که دارای اندازه کافی برای به‬
roller of adequate capacity capable of achieving ‫دست آوردن کثافت داده شده باشد انجام‬
required compaction. . ‫گیرد‬
The Contractor shall demonstrate the efficacy of ‫قرار دادی به منظور نشان دادن موثریت‬
the equipment he intends to use by carrying out ‫وسایط مورد استفاده باید تپک کاری‬
compaction trials. The procedure to be adopted ‫ روش‬.‫های امتحانی را به راه بیاندازد‬
for these site trials shall first be submitted to the ‫های براه اندازی این کار ها باید از‬
Engineer for approval. ‫قبل برای تاییدی به انجنییر ارسال‬
Earthmoving plant shall not be accepted as . ‫گردد‬
compaction equipment nor shall the use of a ‫وسایلی که باعث انتقال خاک میگردد و‬
‫وسایلی که دارای وزن کم بوده و برای‬
lighter category of plant to provide any
‫تپک کاری نهایی نیاز به وسیله وزن‬
preliminary compaction to assist the use of
‫دار دیگر را داشته باشد به منظور تپک‬
heavier plant be taken into account.
. ‫کاری قابل قبول نمیباشد‬
Each layer of the material shall be thoroughly
95 ‫هر طبقه از مواد به صورت منظم به‬
compacted to 95 percent of the maximum dry
‫ تپک کاری‬AASHTO T 99 ‫فیصد نظر به‬
density determined according to AASHTO T 99. ‫ طبقات بعدی بعد از تست و قبولی‬.‫گردد‬

94 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

Subsequent layers shall be placed only after the ‫طبقه قبلی آن توسط انجنییر قابل اجرا‬
finished layer has been tested and accepted by the ‫ در صورتی که تست کثافت ساحه‬.‫میباشد‬
Engineer. ‫ ساحه باید بیشتر تحت‬,‫کمتر نتیجه دهد‬
When density measurements reveal any soft areas ‫ و در‬.‫نظر انجنییر تپک کاری گردد‬
in the embankment/subgrade/earthen shoulders, ‫صورتی که باز هم هدف مورد نظر حاصل‬
‫ مواد در ساحه با مواد تایید شده‬,‫نشد‬
further compaction shall be carried out as directed
‫نبدیل گردد و به مقاضیات داده شده‬
by the Engineer. If in spite of that the specified
‫تپک کاری گردد تا قناعت انجنییر حاصل‬
compaction is not achieved, the material in the
.‫گردد‬
soft areas shall be removed and replaced by
approved material, compacted to the density
requirements and satisfaction of the Engineer.

205.3.7 Drainage ‫ دریناژ‬205.3.7

The surface of the embankment/subgrade at all ‫تمام‬ ‫بدنه خاکی در‬/‫سطح خاکریزی‬
times during construction shall be maintained at ‫شکلی‬ ‫جریان ساخت و ساز باید به‬
‫برای‬ ‫نگهداری گردد (هموار تر از آنکه‬
such a cross fall (not flatter than that required for
‫زمین‬ ‫جریان بهتر آب های اضافی در روی‬
effective drainage of an earthen surface) as will
‫کرده‬ ‫میگردد نباشد) تا آب را بیرون‬
shed water and prevent ponding.
.‫و باعث تجموع آن نگردد‬

205.3.8 Repairing of damages caused by ‫ ترمیم خصارات وارد شده در‬205.3.8

rain/spillage of water ‫عبور آب سطحی‬/‫اثر باران‬
The soil in the affected portion shall be removed ‫خاک تخریب شده از ساحات تعین شده‬
‫توسط انجنییر قبل از جابجایی و تپک‬
in such areas as directed by the Engineer before
‫ اگر‬.‫کاری طبقه بعدی برداشته شود‬
next layer is laid and refilled in layers and
‫ساحه حفر شده دارای عرض کافی برای‬
compacted using appropriate mechanical means
‫استفاده وسایل به منظور تپک کاری را‬
such as small vibratory roller, plate compactor or ‫ ساحه عریض گردیده تا‬,‫نداشته باشد‬
power rammer to achieve the required density in ‫به درستی در آن عمل تپک کاری انجام‬
accordance with Clause 205.3.6. If the cut is not ‫ تست ها به منظور تعین در جه‬.‫شود‬
sufficiently wide for use of required mechanical ‫تپک کاری ساحه توسط انجنییر به راه‬
means for compaction, the same shall be widened ‫ کار ترمیمم ساحات‬.‫انداخته میشود‬
suitably to permit their use for proper ‫تخریب شده در اثر عریض سازی توسط‬
compaction. Tests shall be carried out as directed ‫قراردادی و به مصارف خود قراردادی‬
by the Engineer to ascertain the density ‫انجام میگردد که شامل تدارک ماشین‬
requirements of the repaired area. The work of ‫آالت و وسایل برای به راه اندازی هدف‬
repairing the damages including widening of the .‫متذکره صورت میگیرد‬
cut, if any, shall be carried out by the Contractor
at his own cost, including the arranging of
machinery/equipment for the purpose.

205.3.9 Finishing operations ‫ عملیات برای تکمیلی‬205.3.9

Finishing operations shall include the work of ‫آراستن نهایی شامل کار آراستن و‬
shaping and dressing the shoulders /verge ‫ بدنه اصلی و‬,‫ حاشیه‬,‫ترتیب محوطه‬
‫میل های جانبی میشود که مطابق به‬
/roadbed and side slopes to conform to the
‫ مقطع و ابعاد داده شده‬,‫ لیول‬,‫مسیر‬
alignment, levels, cross-sections and dimensions

95 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

shown on the drawings or as directed by the ‫در نقشه و یا طبق هدایت انجنییر در‬
Engineer subject to the acceptable surface ‫ هردو انجام‬.‫محدوده داده شده باشد‬
tolerance. Both the upper and lower ends of the ‫های باالیی و پایانی میل های جانبی‬
side slopes shall be rounded off to improve ‫باید مطابق به خاکریزی های کناری آن‬
appearance and to merge the embankment with .‫ترتیب و تنظیم گردد‬
the adjacent terrain. ‫خاک طبقه باالیی که برداشته و ذخیره‬
‫گردیده بود در میل های پر کاری شده‬
The topsoil, removed and conserved earlier shall
‫پخش گردد تا در آن نباتات نشو و نمو‬
be spread over the fill slopes as per directions of
‫ میل ها باید درشت و مرطوب گردد‬.‫کند‬
the Engineer to facilitate the growth of vegetation.
‫ عمق‬.‫تا زبقه باالیی با آن محکم گردد‬
Slopes shall be roughened and moistened slightly ‫طبقه باالیی باید به حدی باشد مه در‬
prior to the application of the topsoil in order to ‫ که‬,‫آن نباتات به درستی رشد نماید‬
provide satisfactory bond. The depth of the topsoil ‫ ملی‬150 ‫ ملی الی‬75 ‫عمق معمولی آن‬
shall be sufficient to sustain plant growth, the .‫میباشد‬
usual thickness being from 75 mm to 150 mm. ‫ میل ها با چمن مطابق‬,‫در صورت هدایت‬
Where directed, the slopes shall be turfed with ‫ اگر تخم‬.‫ پوشانیده شود‬207 ‫به ماده‬
sods in accordance with Clause 207. If seeding and ‫پاشی و مالچنگ برای میل ها از قبل‬
mulching of slopes is prescribed, this shall be done ‫ این باید در مزابفت‬,‫ذکر گردیده باشد‬
to the requirement of Clause 208. 208 ‫با مقتضیات داده شده در ماده‬
When earthwork operations have been .‫صورت گیرد‬
substantially completed, the road area shall be ‫وقتی که کار برای بدنه خاکی به صورت‬
cleared of all debris, and ugly scars in the ‫ ساحه کاری عاری از‬,‫کافی تکمیل گردد‬
‫هر نوع ناپاکی ها گردد و مواد غیر‬
construction area responsible for objectionable
.‫ضروری باید از امورات حذف گردد‬
appearance shall be eliminated.

Construction of Embankment and ‫ ساخت و ساز خاکریزی و بدنه‬205.4

Subgrade under special Conditions ‫خاکی تحت شرایط خاص‬
205.4.1 Earthwork for widening existing road ‫ عریض سازی خاکریزی موجوده‬205.4.1
embankment ‫سرک‬
When an existing embankment and/or subgrade is ‫اگر خاکریزی و یا بدنه خاکی موجوده‬
‫عریض میگردد و میل های آن تند تر از‬
to be widened and its slopes are steeper than 1
‫ به میل های قبلی‬,‫ باشد‬4 ‫ به نسبت‬1
vertical on 4 horizontal, continuous horizontal
‫قطع گردد تا چسپش ممکنه را با‬
benches, each at least 300 mm wide, shall be cut
‫خاکریزی و بدنه خاکی تازه جابجا شده‬
into the old slope for ensuring adequate bond with ‫ موادیکه از قطع کاری‬.‫ایجاد نماید‬
the fresh embankment/subgrade material to be ‫بنچ ها به دست می آید میتوان از آن‬
added. The material obtained from cutting of ‫در عریض سازی خاکریزی و بدنه خاکی‬
benches could be utilized in the widening of the ‫ اگر میل‬,‫ به هر حال‬.‫استفاده کرد‬
embankment/subgrade. However, when the ‫موجوده که در آن مواد اضافه میگردد‬
existing slope against which the fresh material is ‫ سطح‬,‫ باشد‬4 ‫ به نسبت‬1 ‫هموار تر از‬
to be placed is flatter than 1 vertical on 4 ‫میل دار تنها تراش گردد تا اینکه به‬
horizontal, the slope surface may only be . ‫بنچ ها عالوه گردد‬
ploughed or scarified instead of resorting to ‫اگر عرض ساحه عریض شده به حد کافی‬
benching. ‫نباشد تا در آن وسایل تپک کاری به‬
‫ از رولر های‬,‫درستی فعالیت نماید‬
‫کوچک به منظور تپک کاری در آن‬

96 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

Where the width of the widened portions is ‫ ریختن مواد از عقب‬.‫استفاده گردد‬
insufficient to permit the use of conventional ‫ مگر‬,‫موتر تا حد امکان جلوگیری گردد‬
rollers, compaction shall be carried out with the ‫اینکه ساحه برای استفاده وسیله دیگر‬
help of small vibratory rollers/plate .‫کافی نباشد‬
compactors/power rammers or any other
appropriate equipment approved by the Engineer.
End dumping of material from trucks for widening
operations shall be avoided except in difficult
circumstances when the extra width is too narrow
to permit the movement of any other types of
hauling equipment.

205.4.2 Earthwork for embankment and ‫ خاکریزی و بدنه خاکی که در‬205.4.2

subgrade to be placed against sloping ground . ‫سطح میل دار جابجا میگردد‬
Where an embankment/subgrade is to be placed ‫در حالتی که خاکریزی یا بدنه خاکی‬
‫ ساحه‬,‫در یک سطح میل دار ریخت میگردد‬
against sloping ground, the latter shall be
‫باید به صورت درست تراش شده و به‬
appropriately benched or ploughed/scarified as
‫منظور ریخت خاکریزی یا بدننه خاکی‬
required in Clause 205.4.1 before placing the
‫ بنچ کاری در اثر‬.‫نشانی گذاری شود‬
embankment/subgrade material. Extra earthwork ‫تراش کاری و غیره از جمله ضروریات‬
involved in benching or due to plowing/scarifying . ‫برای تکمیل کار به حساب می آید‬
etc. shall be considered incidental to the work. ‫ قالب های با درآمده‬,‫در حاالت مرطوب‬
For wet conditions, benches with slightly inward ‫گی کم به طرف داخل و دریناج خاک طبقه‬
fall and subsoil at the lowest point shall be ‫پایینی در پایین ترین نقطه مطاق به‬
provided as per the drawings, before the fill is ‫ قبل از اینکه‬,‫نقشه ها تهیه گردد‬
placed against sloping ground. ‫مواد برای پر کاری در سطح آن اضافه‬
.‫گردد‬

205.4.3 Earthwork over existing road surface ‫ کار بدنه خاکی باالی سطح سرک‬205.4.3
Where the embankment is to be placed over an ‫موجوده‬
existing road surface, the work shall be carried out ‫در صورتی که خاکریزی باالی سطح سرک‬
‫ کار آن طبق ذیل‬,‫موجوده جابجا گردد‬
as indicated below:
.‫اجرا میگردد‬
(1) If the existing road surface is of granular
‫اگر سطح موجوده از جغل یا‬ )i(
or bituminous type and lies within 1 m of
‫اسفالت باشد و در یک متری‬
the new subgrade level, the same shall be
,‫بدنه خاکی جدید واقع شود‬
scarified to a depth of 50 mm or more if
‫ ملی یا‬500 ‫باید به عمق‬
specified, so as to provide ample bond ‫ تا‬,‫اضافه تر تراش گردد‬
between the old and new material ‫باعث ایجاد چسپش بین مواد‬
ensuring that at least 500 mm portion ‫قبلی و مواد جدید گردیده‬
below the top of new subgrade level is ‫ ملی‬500 ‫و حد اقل به عمق‬
compacted to the desired density. ‫متر باید به حد کافی تپک‬
.‫کاری گردد‬
(2) If the existing road surface is of cement
concrete type and lies within 1 m of the ‫اگر سطح موجوده از سمنت‬ )ii(
‫ متری‬1 ‫کانکریت باشد و در‬

97 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

new subgrade level the same shall be ‫بدنه خاکی جدید قرار گیرد‬
removed completely. . ‫باید مکمل برداشته شود‬

(3) If the level difference between the ‫اگر تفاوت لیول بین سطح‬ )iii(
existing road surface and the new ‫سرک موجوده و سطح جدید‬
formation level is more than 1 m, the ,‫ متر باشد‬1 ‫اضافه تر از‬
existing surface shall be permitted to stay ‫سطح موجوده به حالنت آن‬
in place without any modification. .‫بدون تغیر باق می ماند‬

205.4.4 Embankment and subgrade around ‫در‬ ‫خاکی‬ ‫بدنه‬ ‫و‬ ‫ خاکریزی‬205.4.4
structures ‫اطراف ساختمان‬
To avoid interference with the construction of ‫برای جلوگیری از تداخل آن با دیوار‬
‫ دیوار های کناری یا‬,‫های استنادی‬
abutments, wing walls or return walls of
‫دیوار های برگشت ساختمان پل و یا‬
culvert/bridge structures, the Contractor shall, at
‫پلچک در نقاط داده شده توسط انجنییر‬
points to be determined to such structures, until
‫برای کار باقی مانده باالی خاکریزی‬
such time as the construction of the latter is ‫که باعث تشکیل اپروچ ها به ساختمان‬
sufficiently advanced to permit the completion of ‫ تا زمانیکه کار ساخت و ساز‬,‫میگردد‬
approaches without the risk of damage to the ‫بعدی تا حدی ارقاع کرده باشد تا ختم‬
structure. ‫کار اپروچ ها بدون احتمال خطر انجام‬
Unless directed otherwise, the filling around .‫شود‬
culverts, bridges and other structures up to a ‫ پر‬,‫مگر اینکه هدایت داده شده باشد‬
distance of twice the height of the road from the ‫ پل و سایر ساختمان‬,‫کاری اطراف پلچک‬
back of the abutment shall be carried out ‫ها تا به فاصله دو برابر ارتفاع سرک‬
independent of the work on the main ‫از عقب دیوار استنادی باید مجزا از‬
embankment. The fill material shall not be placed ‫ مواد‬.‫کار خاکریزی اصلی انجام شود‬
against any abutment or wing wall, unless ‫پر کاری نباید در مقابل دیوار های‬
‫استنادی یا دیوار های جانبی قرار‬
permission has been given by the Engineer but in
‫ مگر اینکه در آن اجازه‬,‫بگیرد‬
any case not until the concrete or masonry has
‫انجنییر باشد اما به هر حال باید بعد‬
been in position for 14 days. The embankment and
‫ روز از کار خشت کاری یا‬14 ‫از‬
subgrade shall be brought up simultaneously in ‫ خاکریزی و بدنه‬.‫کانکریت ریزی باشد‬
equal layers on each side of the structure to avoid ‫خاکی باید به صورت همزمان در طبقات‬
displacement and unequal pressure. The ‫مساویانه در هر دو طرف ساختمان جابجا‬
sequence of work in this regard shall be got ‫گردد تا باعث ایجاد فشار های جانبی‬
approved from the Engineer. ‫ مراحل کاری در این بخش باید‬.‫نگردد‬
The material used for backfill shall not be an . ‫مورد تایید انجنییر قرار گیرد‬
organic soil or highly plastic clay having plasticity ‫مواد برای پر کاری نباید مواد عضوی‬
index and liquid limit more than 20 and 40 ‫ بیشتر باشد و‬Plasticity ‫و یا خاک دارای‬
respectively when tested according to AASHTO ‫ و‬20 ‫ کمتر از‬Plasticity Index ‫باید دارای‬
T89 and T90 or other relevant international codes ‫ که مطابق به‬40 ‫کمتر از‬Liquid Limit
accepted by the Engineer. The fill material shall be ‫ مواد پر کاری‬.‫ باشد‬T90 ‫و‬AASHTO T8
deposited in horizontal layers in loose thickness ‫باید به شکل طبقات افقی انداخته شده‬
and compacted thoroughly to 95 percent of the ‫و به اندازه داده شده تپک کاری گردد‬
maximum dry density determined according to ‫ فیصد نظر به‬95 ‫تا کثافت نسبی‬
AASHTO T 99. .‫بدست آید‬AASHTO T 99

98 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

Where it may be impracticable to use ‫در صورتی که استفاده از فلتر در عقب‬

conventional rollers, the compaction shall be ,‫دیوار استنادی ذکر گردیده باشد‬
carried out by appropriate mechanical means such ‫باید در عین زمان با طبقات مواد پر‬
as small vibratory roller, plate compactor or power .‫کاری اضافه گردد‬
rammer. Care shall be taken to see that the ‫در صورتی که تپک کاری ساحه توسط‬
compaction equipment does not hit or come too ‫ ساحه‬,‫وسایل بزرگ امکان پذیر نباشد‬
‫باید توسط وسایط کوچک و دستی تپک‬
close to any structural member so as to cause any
‫ توجه الزم در جریان این‬.‫کاری گردد‬
damage to them or excessive pressure against the
‫کار مبذول گردد تا به ساختمان ها و‬
structure.
‫اعضای کناری آن اضافه تر از حد نزدیک‬
.‫نگردیده و صدمه نرساند‬

205.4.5 Construction of embankment over ‫ ساخت خاکریزی باالی زمینی که‬205.4.5

ground incapable of supporting construction ‫توانایی برداشت وزن وسایل را ندارد‬
equipment ‫در صورتی که کار باالی ساحه ای جریان‬
‫داشته باشد که توان برداشت وزن وسایل‬
Where embankment is to be constructed across
‫ طبقه اولی با اضافه‬,‫را نداشته باشد‬
ground which will not support the weight of
‫نمودن وزن مواد بعدی در یک ذخامت‬
repeated heavy loads of construction equipment,
‫منظم طبقاتی مورد نیاز برای برداشت‬
the first layer of the fill may be constructed by ‫ قرار‬.‫وزن وسایط ساختمانی انجام شود‬
placing successive loads of material in a uniformly ‫دادی طبق میل خویش میتواند از مواد‬
distributed layer of a minimum thickness required ‫جیوسنتتیک برای بلند بردن مقاومت‬
to support the construction equipment as agreed ‫ این استثنا‬.‫تهداب استفاده نماید‬
by the Engineer. The Contractor, if so desired by ‫نسبت به روش طبیعی مجوز ندارد در‬
him, may also use suitable geosynthetic material ‫ خاکریزی‬,‫ به نظر انجنییر‬,‫صورتی که‬
to increase the bearing capacity of the foundation. ‫ها به صورت درست باالی چنین ساحه به‬
This exception to normal procedure will not be ‫واسطه وسایل سبک بعد از ساختن آبرو‬
permitted where, in the opinion of the Engineer, ‫ها و دریناج ها قابل ساخت و ساز‬
the embankments could be constructed in the ‫ در صورتی که چنین استثناعات‬.‫نباشد‬
‫ انتخاب مواد و روش‬,‫مرعی االجرا باشد‬
approved manner over such ground by the use of
‫ساخت و ساز آن باید به صورت درست‬
lighter or modified equipment after proper
‫انجام شود و مسوولیت تشکیل یک طبقه‬
ditching and drainage have been provided where
.‫قابل قبول به دوش قراردادی میباشد‬
this exception is permitted, the selection of the ‫تامین وضیت درست ترافیکی در جریان‬
material and the construction procedure to obtain ‫کار مسوولیت قراردادی بوده و در بدل‬
an acceptable layer shall be the responsibility of ‫آن هیچ نوع پراخت قابل اجرا‬
the Contractor. The cost of providing suitable ‫سایر خاکریزی ها مطابق به ماده‬.‫نیست‬
traffic conditions for construction equipment over .‫های داده شده انجام گردد‬
any area of the Contract will be the responsibility
of the Contractor and no extra payment will be
made to him. The remainder of the embankment
shall be constructed as specified in Clause 205.4.

205.4.6 Embankment construction under water ‫ خاکریزی در زیر آب‬205.4.6

Where filling or backfilling is to be placed under ‫در صورتی که پر کاری در زیر آب مورد‬
water, only acceptable granular material or rock ‫ تنها مواد جغل دار یا سنگ‬,‫نظر باشد‬
‫ مگر اینکه‬,‫قابل استفاده میباشد‬
shall be used unless otherwise approved by the
‫مواد دیگرد مورد تایید انجنییر‬

99 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

Engineer. Acceptable granular material shall ‫ مواد قابل قبول جغل دار باید‬.‫باشد‬
consist of graded, hard durable particles with ‫ پارچه های‬,‫متشکل از مواد گرید شده‬
maximum particle size not exceeding 75 mm. The .‫ ملی متر باشد‬75 ‫محکم با سایز اعظمی‬
material should be non-plastic having uniformity ‫مواد نباید پالستیکی باشد و دارای‬
co-efficient of not less than 10. The material ‫ و یا اضافه تر‬10 ‫ضریب همنواختی‬
‫مواد جابجا شده در آب های سر‬.‫باشد‬
placed in open water shall be deposited by end
‫باز باید با کناره های تپک ناشده‬
tipping without compaction.
.‫گذاشته شود‬

205.4.7 Earthwork for high embankment ‫ کار های خاکی برای خاکریزی‬205.4.7
In the case of high embankments, the Contractor ‫های بلند‬
shall normally use the material from the specified ‫ قراردادی‬,‫در صورت خاکریزی های بلند‬
‫به طور نارمل مواد آن را از ذخیره‬
borrow area. In case he desires to use different
‫ در صورتی‬.‫های تعین شده اخذ نماید‬
material for his own convenience, he shall have to
‫که قراردادی میل داشته باشد تا مواد‬
carry out necessary soil investigations and
‫را از کدام منبع دیگیری بدست آورد‬
redesign the high embankment at his own cost. ‫باید تست های ضروری را در مورد آن‬
The Contractor shall then furnish the soil test data ‫انجام داده و آنرا دوباره به مصارف‬
and design of high embankment for approval of ً
‫ قراردای بعدا‬.‫خود دیزاین نماید‬
the Engineer, who reserves the right to accept or ‫تمام تست ها را برای تاییدی به‬
reject it. ‫ که انجنییر‬,‫انجنییر ارسال بدارد‬
If necessary, stage construction of fills and any . ‫صالحیت رد و یا تایید آنرا دارد‬
controlled rates of filling shall be carried out in ‫ ساخت و ساز طبقه ای‬,‫در صورت نیاز‬
accordance with the Contract including ‫مواد پر کاری و هر یک از نرخ های‬
installation of instruments and it’s monitoring. ‫کنترول شده پر کاری باید در مطابقت‬
Where required, the Contractor shall surcharge ‫با قراردادی که شامل نصب وسایل و روش‬
embankments or other areas of fill with approved ‫بازرسی آن میشود‬
‫ قراردادی باید‬,‫در صورت ضرورت‬
material for the periods specified in the Contract.
‫خاکریزی ها یا سایر ساحات پر کاری‬
If settlement of surcharged fill results in any
‫شده با مواد تایید شده را الی مدت‬
surcharging material, which is unacceptable for
‫تعین شده در قرارداد اضافه بار‬
use in the fill being surcharged, lying below ‫ اگر نشست مواد اضافه بار باعث‬.‫نماید‬
formation level, the Contractor shall remove the ‫ که غیر قابل‬,‫اضافه باری مواد میگردد‬
unacceptable material and dispose it as per ‫استفاده برای پر کاری اضافه باری‬
direction of the Engineer. He shall then bring the ,‫در پایین طبقه باقی میماند‬,‫است‬
resultant level up to formation level with ‫قرار دادی مکلف است تا مواد قبول‬
acceptable material. ‫ناشده را بر طرف کرده و آنرا مطابق‬
ً
‫ باید بعدا‬.‫هدایت انجنییر دفع کند‬
‫آنرا به سطح نهایی با مواد قابل قبول‬
.‫در آورد‬

205.4.8 Settlement period ‫ زمان نشست‬205.4.8

Where settlement period is specified in the ‫در صورتی که زمان نشست در قرارداد‬
Contract, the embankment shall remain in place ‫ خاکریزی در موقیع‬,‫ذکر گردیده باشد‬
‫ دیوار های‬,‫نشست قبل از حفر تکیه گاه‬
for the required settlement period before
‫ تهداب و غیره‬,‫ دیوار استنادی‬,‫کناری‬
excavating for abutment, wing wall, retaining wall,
‫جابجا باقی بماند یا اینکه تهداب های‬
footings, etc., or driving foundation piles. The
‫ زمان مورد نیاز برای‬.‫عمیق حفر گردد‬
duration of the required settlement period at each ‫دوره نشست در هر موقعیت باید قسمی‬

100 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

location shall be as provided for in the Contract or ‫که در قرارداد ذکر گردیده و یا طبق‬
as directed by the Engineer. .‫هدایت انجنییر باشد‬

Plying of Traffic ‫ عبور و مرور ترافیک‬205.5

Construction and other vehicular traffic shall not ‫وسایط ساخت و ساز و سایر وسایط نباید‬
use the prepared surface of the embankment ‫بدون اجازه انجنییر باالی سطوح آماده‬
and/or subgrade without the prior permission of .‫شده خاکریزی و بدنه خاکی تردد نماید‬
the Engineer. Any damage arising out of such use ‫هر نوع تخریب و صدمه بوجود آمده در‬
shall, however, be made good by the Contractor at ‫اثر آن توسط قراردادی و به مصارف خود‬
his own expense as directed by the Engineer. .‫قراردادی ترمیم گردد‬

Surface Finish and Quality Control of Work ‫ آماده سازی سطح و کنترول‬205.6
‫کیفیت کار‬
The surface finish of construction of subgrade shall ‫آماده سازی سطح برای بدنه خاکی مطابق‬
conform to the requirements of Clause 206. ‫ کتنرول‬.‫ باشد‬206 ‫به مقتضیات ماده‬
Control on the quality of materials and works shall ‫کیفیت باید در مطابقت به ماده های‬
conform to as specified in the relevant clauses of .‫داده شده مربوطه طرزالعمل باشد‬
these Specifications.

Subgrade Strength ‫ مقاومت بدنه خاکی‬205.7

It shall be ensured prior to actual execution that ‫قبل از انتقال مواد از ساحه بیرونی‬
the borrow area material to be used in the ‫ آن‬CBR ‫باید مقتضیات داده شده برای‬
subgrade satisfies the requirements of design CBR. .‫باید به حد کافی باشد‬
Subgrade shall be compacted and finished to the ‫بدنه خاکی باید تپک و آماده شده با‬
design strength consistent with other physical ‫مقاومت داده شده در مطابقت با‬
requirements. The actual laboratory CBR values of ‫حقیقی‬ ‫مقادیر‬ .‫باشد‬ ‫طرزالعمل‬
constructed subgrade shall be determined on ‫ برای بدنه خاکی باید‬CBR ‫البراطواری‬
undisturbed samples cut out from the compacted ‫باالی نمونه های دست نخورده ای گرفته‬
subgrade in CBR mould fitted with cutting shoe or CBR ‫شده ازاز بدنه خاکی تپک شده در‬
‫قالب شده از مواد قطع شده یا باالی‬
on remolded samples, compacted to the field
‫ تپک شده‬,‫نمونه های دوباره قالب شده‬
density at the field moisture content.
.‫به کثافت ساحوی به رطوبت ساحوی‬

Measurements for Payment ‫ اندازه گیری برای پرداخت‬205.8

Earth embankment/subgrade construction shall ‫هر پر کاری و بدنه خاکی با گرفتن‬
be measured separately by taking cross sections at ‫مقطع از نقطه اصلی قبل از شروع کار‬
intervals in the original position before the work ‫و بعد از تکمیل کار و با محاسبه کار‬
starts and after its completion and computing the ‫خاک آن به متر مکعب اندازه گیری‬
volumes of earthwork in cubic meters by the . ‫میگردد‬
method of average end areas. ‫اندازه گیری برای مواد انتقال شده‬
‫از بیرون عبارت خاهد بود از تفاوت‬
The measurement of fill material from borrow
‫مجموع مواد تپک شده و مجموع مواد‬
areas shall be the difference between the net
‫آورده شده از اثر کندن کاری سرک و‬
quantities of compacted fill and the net quantities
.‫ساختمان‬
of suitable material brought from roadway and

101 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

drainage excavation. For this purpose, it shall be

assumed that one cum. of suitable material
brought to site from road and drainage excavation
forms one cum. of compacted fill and all bulking or
shrinkage shall be ignored.

205 (1) Embankment Fill cum

205 (2) Embankment Fill (Borrow Material) cum

Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬205.9

The Contract unit rates for the items of ‫قیمت فی واحد جنس درج شده در قرارداد‬
embankment construction shall be payment in full ‫برای پر کاری شامل پرداخت کلی برای‬
for carrying out the required operations including ‫فعالیت های ضروری و هم جبران خصارات‬
full compensation for : :‫داده شده ذیل میباشد‬
(i) Cost of arrangement of land as a source of ‫) قیمت تدارک زمین به حیث منبع‬i(
supply of material of required quantity for ‫مواد به مقدار مورد ضرورت‬
construction unless provided otherwise in ‫برای ساخت و ساز مگر اینکه‬
‫در قرارداد ذکر گردیده‬
the Contract;
‫باشد؛‬

(ii) Setting out;

‫) جابجایی؛‬ii(

(iii) Compacting ground supporting

‫) تپک کاری ساحه که باعث تحکیم‬iii(
embankment except where removal and ‫پر کاری ها و یا بدنه خاکی‬
replacement of unsuitable material or ‫میگردد مگر اینکه برطرف‬
loosening and recompacting is involved; ‫سازی و تبدیل مواد نا‬
‫مناسب یا سست و تپک کاری‬
(iv) Scarifying or cutting continuous horizontal ‫دوباره شامل باشد؛‬
benches 300 mm wide on side slopes of
existing embankment and subgrade as ‫) کندن کاری یا تراش کاری‬iv(
applicable; ‫متداوم عرضی باالی میل های‬
‫موجوده پرکاری شده و بدنه‬
(v) Cost of watering or dying of material in ‫خاکی؛‬
borrow areas and/or embankment and
subgrade during construction as required; ‫) قیمت آب پاشی یا خشک سازی‬v(
‫مواد در ساحه که از آن‬
‫برداشته میشود و یا در‬
(vi) Spreading in layers, bringing to
‫ساحه ای که بدنه خاکی یا‬
appropriate moisture content and
. ‫پر کاری انجام میگیرد‬
compacting to Specification
requirements;
‫) تمام طبقات باید رطوبت داده‬vi(
‫شده و به اندازه داده شده‬
(vii) Shaping and dressing top and slopes of ‫در طرزالعمل تپک کاری‬
the embankment including rounding of . ‫گردد‬
corners;

(viii) Restricted working at sites of structures;

102 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

‫) آراسته ساختن و تزیین میل ها‬vii(

(ix) Working on narrow width of ‫و پر کاری ها به شمول‬
embankment; ‫کناره ها؛‬

(x) Excavation in all soils from borrow ‫) کار های ممنوع شده در ساحه‬viii(
pits/designated borrow areas including ‫ساخت و ساز‬
clearing and grubbing and transporting
the material to embankment site with all ‫) کار در قسمت های کم عرض ساحه‬ix(
‫پر کاری و یا بدنه خاکی؛‬
lifts and leads unless otherwise provided
for in the Contract;
‫ پاک کاری و انتقال‬,‫) کندن کاری‬x(
‫مواد از ساحه بیرونی برای‬
(xi) All labor, materials, tools, equipment and
‫بدنه خاکی؛‬
incidentals necessary to complete the
work to the Specifications;
‫) تخلیه آب و نگهداری ساحه پر‬xi(
‫کاری عاری از آب؛ و‬
(xii) Dewatering; and ‫ لوازم‬,‫ وسایل‬,‫ مواد‬,‫تمام کاریگر ها‬
‫و موارد ضروری برای تکمیل پروژه‬
(xiii) Keeping the embankment / completed ‫مطابق به طرزالعمل؛‬
formation free of water.

Subgrade Preparation ‫ آماده سازی بدنه خاکی‬206

Scope of Work ‫ هدف‬206.1
The subgrade preparation shall be that part of the ‫آماده سازی بدنه خاکی قسمتی از کار‬
work which is prepared for the sub-base or, if base-course ‫ و یا‬sub-base ‫است که برای‬
there is no sub-base, the base of the pavement. It ‫ و به پهنای تمام سرک‬.‫آماده میگردد‬
shall extend to the full width of the roadbed ‫در مطابقت با نقشه ها و یا هدایت‬
including the shoulders and laybys or such limited .‫انجنییر امتداد میابد‬
areas as shown on the Drawings or as instructed
by the Engineer.

Construction Operation ‫ عملیات ساخت و ساز‬206.2

Preparation and surface treatment of the ‫ که باالیی‬,‫آماده سازی و تحکیمات سطحی‬
formation, that is top of the subgrade, shall be ‫ باید بعد‬,‫بدنه خاکی انجام میگیرد‬
carried out only after completion of any specified ‫از کار های دریناج برای بدنه خاکی‬
subgrade drainage and unless otherwise agreed ‫انجام شود مگر اینکه هدایت انجنییر‬
by the Engineer, immediately prior to laying the ‫ً قبل از‬ ‫ دقیقا‬,‫مورد دیگری باشد‬
sub-base or the road base where no sub-base is base-‫ در صورتی که‬sub-base ‫جابجایی‬
required. The sequence of operations shall be as ‫ سلسله اجرای آن‬.‫موجود نباشد‬course
follows: :‫به شکل ذیل میباشد‬
(1) All surfaces below carriageway, laybys, ‫تمام ساحاتی که تحت راه‬ )1
‫ پیاده‬,‫ راه رو فرعی‬,‫عمومی‬
footways and hard shoulders shall, after
‫رو ها و محوطه ها قرار‬
reinstatement of any soft areas to the
‫میگیرد بعد از تثبیت هر نوع‬
required Specifications be well cleaned and
‫نرم سازی ساحه در مطابقت با‬
freed of mud and slurry. ‫طرزالعمل ها باید پاک کاری‬

103 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

‫و عاری از هر نوع ناپاکی ها‬

(2) The surface shall be compacted by 4 passes . ‫گردد‬
of a smooth wheeled roller of 80 to 100 kN
weight after spraying requisite amount of ‫ الی‬80 ‫سطح آن باید با رولر‬ )2
water, if required, before the ‫ بار‬4 ‫ کیلو نوتن و با‬100
commencement of rolling. ‫رفت و آمد به صورت درست تپک‬
‫ در صورت ضرورت آب به‬,‫گردد‬
‫مقدار کافی قبل از تپک کاری‬
(3) The formation shall, wherever necessary, be
. ‫استفاده گردد‬
regulated and trimmed to the requirements
of Clause 205.3.9 with motor grader.
‫شکل کلی ساحات متذکره مطابق‬ )3
205.3.9 ‫به مقتضیات ماده‬
(4) The trimmed formation shall be rolled by one
‫توسط گریدر تراش و تنظیم‬
pass of smooth wheeled roller of 80 to 100
.‫گردد‬
kN weight after spraying requisite amount of
water, if required, before the ‫ساحات تراش شده توسط رولر‬ )4
commencement of rolling. ‫ بعد‬,‫ کیلو نیوتن‬100 ‫ الی‬80
. ‫ تپک گردد‬,‫از آب پاشی ساحه‬
Where the completed formation is not
immediately covered with sub-base or road base ً
‫در صورتی که ساحه ای اماده شده دفعتا‬
material, its moisture content shall be maintained ‫پوشش‬ base-course ‫ یا‬sub-base ‫توسط‬
to prevent cracking in the formation by suitable ‫نمیگردد باید به صورت درست و نگهداری‬
measures as approved by the Engineer. The entire ‫گردیده تا رطوبت خد را از دست ندهد‬
work of surface treatment of formation shall be .‫که باعث بوجود آمدن درز ها میگردد‬
deemed as incidental to the work of sub-
base/base course to be provided on the subgrade
and as such no extra payment shall be made for
the same.

Method of Measurement ‫ طریقه اندازه گیری‬206.3

The quantities to be paid for shall be the number ‫پرداخت ها نظر به متر مربع برای تمام‬
of square meters of subgrade in cut or in fill, ‫کار انجام شده برای بدنه خاکی به‬
prepared as hereinbefore prescribed, tested and ‫منظور پر کاری و تراش کاری که تست‬
accepted. For the purpose of payment no .‫شده و قبول شده باشد انجام میگردد‬
differentiation is made between subgrade in cut or ‫به منظور پرداخت هیچ نوع تفاوت در‬
‫میان پر کاری ها و تراش کاری ها در‬
fills areas. The area to be measured for payment
‫ ساحه که اندازه‬.‫بدنه موجود نمیباشد‬
will be limited to the sub-grade below sub-base, in
‫گیری میگردد محدود به بدنه خاکی در‬
areas of new pavement construction. Areas to be
‫ در‬base-course ‫ یا‬sub-base ‫پایین‬
sodded or footpath pavement will not be
‫ساحاتیکه جاده جدید ساخته میشود‬
measured for payment under this Clause. ‫ ساحاتیکه برای چمن به منظور‬.‫میباشد‬
In case no item for subgrade preparation is given ‫پیاده رو جاده استفاده میگردد در‬
in the Bill of Quantities, it shall be deemed to be . ‫ماده شامل محاسبه نمیباشد‬
inclusive in the unit rate of sub-base or base ‫در صورتیکه هیچ جز از آماده سازی‬
course as the case may be. ‫بدنه خاکی در بل احجام کاری ذکر‬
‫ قسمی در نظر گرفته‬,‫نگردیده باشد‬
206 (1) Subgrade Preparation sqm ‫میشود که تمام کار تحکیم سازی سطح‬

104 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

‫به قسم موارد ضروری برای تکمیلی کار‬

‫ بوده و هیچ‬sub-base/base course ‫برای‬
‫نوع پرداخت اضافی برای کنجام نمی‬
.‫شود‬

Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬206.4

The quantities, determined as provided in the ‫مقادیر ذکر شده در ماده باال نظر به‬
Clause above shall be paid for at the pay item ‫لیست داده شده در لیست ذیل پرداخت‬
listed below. This payment shall be full ‫ پرداخت به طور کلی شامل تمام‬.‫میگردد‬
compensation for furnishing all labors, equipment ‫کار ها برای تکمیلی کار از قبیل‬
and material necessary to complete the work ‫ و سامان آالت و هم‬,‫ وسایل‬,‫کاریگر‬
‫ کار‬,‫چنان شامل کار های کندن کاری‬
including scarifying, reworking, wetting or drying,
‫ تپک‬,‫ مرطوب سازی و خشک سازی‬,‫دوباره‬
compacting, proof rolling, shaping and finishing,
‫ حفظ و‬,‫ شکل دهی و آماده سازی‬,‫کاری‬
maintenance and other incidental items of work
‫مراقبت و سایر موارد ضروری برای‬
prescribed in this Clause.
.‫تکمیلی کار متذکره میباشد‬

Turfing with Sods ‫ پوشاندن با چمن‬207

Scope of Work ‫ هدف‬207.1
This work shall consist of furnishing and laying of ‫این کار شامل آماده سازی و جابجایی‬
the live sod of perennial turf forming grass on ,‫چمن دایمی از سبزه برای میل ها‬
embankment slopes, verges (earthen shoulders) ‫حاشیه ها یا سایر موقعیت های داده‬
or other locations shown on the drawings or as ‫شده در نقشه ها یا طبق هدایت انجنییر‬
directed by the Engineer. Unless otherwise ‫ مگر اینکه در مورد ذکر‬.‫میباشد‬
‫ً بعد‬
‫ این کار باید دقیقا‬,‫گردیده باشد‬
specified, the work shall be taken up as soon as
‫ به شرطیکه‬,‫از کار پر کاری آغاز گردد‬
possible following construction of the
.‫شرایط اقلیمی مطابق به رشد چمن باشد‬
embankment, provided the season is favorable for
establishment of the sod.

Materials ‫ مواد‬207.2
The sod shall consist of dense, well-rooted growth ‫ سبزه های‬,‫چمن زار ها باید متراکم‬
of permanent and desirable grasses, indigenous to ‫ مناسب‬,‫ریشه دار و دایمی قابل قبول‬
the locality where it is to be used, and shall be ,‫با محیط که در آن استتفاده میگردد‬
practically free from weeds or other undesirable ‫و عاری از هر نوع نباتات و مواد نا‬
matter. At the time the sod is cut the grass on the ‫ در موقیع که چمن قطع‬.‫مناسب باشد‬
‫ سبزه در چمن باید دارای طول‬,‫میگردد‬
sod shall have a length of approximately 50 mm
‫ ملی متر بوده و عاری از‬50 ‫تقریبی‬
and the sod shall have been freed of debris.
‫ زمانیکه چمن‬.‫هر نوع مواد اضافی باشد‬
Thickness of the sod shall be as uniform as ‫ سبزه باالی چمن باید‬,‫قطع میگردد‬
possible, with some 50-80 mm or so of soil ‫ ملی متر باشد و چمن‬50 ‫دارای طول‬
covering the grass roots depending on the nature ‫باید عاری از هر نوع مواد بیکاره‬
of the sod, so that practically all the dense root . ‫باشد‬
system of the grasses is retained in the sod strip. ‫ذخامت چمن باید تا حد امکان یکنواخت‬
The sods shall be cut in rectangular strips of ‫ ملی متر یا قسمیکه‬80-50 ‫ با‬,‫باشد‬
uniform width, not less than about 250 mm x 300 ‫ که آن هم‬,‫تمام سبزه ها را بپوشاند‬
mm in size but not so large that it is inconvenient ‫ و همچنان‬.‫بستگی به نوعیت خاک دارد‬

105 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

to handle and transport these without damage. ‫تمام ریشه های ذخیم باید در مسیر چمن‬
During wet weather, the sod shall be allowed to ‫ چمن ها به سکل های‬.‫قرار گیرد‬
dry sufficiently to prevent rearing during handling ‫ اندازه‬,‫مستطیلی و یکنواخت قطع گردد‬
and during dry weather shall be watered before ‫ملی‬X300 250 ‫های آن ها نباید کمتر از‬
lifting to ensure its vitality and prevent the ‫متر و نباید اضافه تر از آن که در‬
‫ در‬.‫جریان انقال به مشکالت مواجه شود‬
dropping of the soil in handling.
‫ چمن ها باید به‬,‫جریان هوای بارانی‬
‫اندازه کافی خشک گردد تا در موقع‬
‫انتقال تخریب نگردد و در جریان هوای‬
‫خشک باید به حد کافی مرطوب گردد تا‬
.‫از ریختن و تخریب آن جلوگیری گردد‬

Construction Operations ‫ عملیات ساخت و ساز‬207.3

207.3.1 Preparation of the earth bed ‫ آماده سازی بستر زمین‬207.3.1
The area to be sodded shall have been previously ‫ساحه مورد نظر برای چمن زار باید از‬
constructed to the required slope and cross ‫قبل به میل و مقطع داده شده آماده‬
‫ عاری‬,‫ خاک ساحه باید نرم‬.‫شده باشد‬
section. Soil on the area shall be loosened, freed
50 ‫از هر نوع سنگ که اندازه آن از‬
of all stones larger than 50 mm size, sticks, stumps
‫ درخت و‬,‫ چوب‬,‫ملی متر اضافه تر باشد‬
and any undesirable foreign matter, and brought
‫ و به شکل دانه‬,‫مواد اجنبی دیگر بوده‬
to a reasonably fine granular texture to a depth of ‫ ملی متر‬25 ‫دار به عمق اضافه تر از‬
not less than 25 mm for receiving the sod. .‫در آورده شود‬
Where required, topsoil shall be spread over the ‫در موقع ضرورت خاک طبقه باالیی آن در‬
slopes. Prior to placing the topsoil, the slopes shall ‫ قبل از جابجایی‬.‫میل ها پراگنده گردد‬
be scarified to a depth which, after settlement, ‫خاک طبقه باالیی میل ها باید به‬
will provide the required nominal depth shown on ‫اندازه ای تراش گردند که بعد از نشست‬
the plans. Spreading shall not be done when the ‫ساحه عمق داده شده در نقشه ها را به‬
ground is excessively wet. ‫ گسترش مواد نباید‬.‫خود اختیار کند‬
Following soil preparation and top soiling, where ‫در موقع که خاک رطوبت زیاد دارد‬
required, fertilizer and ground limestone when . ‫انجام شود‬
specified shall be spread uniformly at the rate ,‫بعد از آماده سازی خاک و طبقه باالیی‬
indicated on the plans. After spreading, the ‫کیمیاوی و‬ ‫ کود‬,‫در صورت ضرورت‬
‫الیمستون در صورت تذکر آن در نقشه ها‬
materials are incorporated in the soil by discing or
‫ بعد از‬.‫به ضورت یکنواخت پخش گردد‬
other means to the depths shown on the plans.
‫ مواد توسط عمل‬,‫عمل پخش سازی‬
‫"دیسکنگ" و یا سایر طریفه ها به‬
.‫اعماق داده شده در پالن ترکیب گردد‬
207.3.2 Placing the sods ‫ بستر چمن زار‬207.3.2
The prepared sod bed shall be moistened to the ‫بستر چمن زار به عمق نرم شده باید‬
loosened depth, if not already sufficiently moist, ‫ در صورتی که قبالً مرطوب‬,‫مرطوب گردد‬
‫ و چمن آن باید در‬,‫نگردیده باشد‬
and the sod shall be placed thereon within
‫ ساعت بعد از تراش کاری‬24 ‫محدوده‬
approximately 24 hours after the same had been
‫ مسیر های جابجایی چمن‬.‫انجام گردد‬
cut. Each sod strip shall be laid edge to edge and
‫ها باید در کنار هم و قسمی صورت گیرد‬
such that the joints caused by abutting ends are ‫تا در کنار هم به شکل متناوب قرار‬
staggered. Every strip, after it is snugly placed ‫ بعد از جابجایی نوار ها در‬.‫گیرند‬
against the strips already in position, shall be ‫مسیر های از قبل جابجا شده تمام ساحه‬
lightly tamped with suitable wooden or metal ‫مربوطه باید تپک کاری گردد تا خریطه‬

106 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

tampers so as to eliminate air pockets and to press ‫های هوا در بین الیه ها را از بین‬
it into the underlying soil. .‫ببرد‬
On side slopes steeper than 2 (horizontal) to 1 ‫در ساحاتی که میل های آن تند تر از‬
(vertical), the laying of sods shall be started from ‫ (عمودی) باشد چمن‬1 ‫ (افقی) به نسبت‬2
bottom upwards. At points where water may flow .‫سازی آن از پایین به باال صورت گیرد‬
over a sodded area, the upper edges of the sod ‫در نقاتیکه جریان آب باالی چمن زار‬
‫ کناره های باالیی قطع چمن‬,‫میباشد‬
strips shall be turned into the soil below the
‫باید در پایین مناطق همجوار فرو برده‬
adjacent area and a layer of earth placed over this
‫شود و طبقه اسجاد شده در باالی آن بخ‬
followed by its thorough compaction.
.‫صورت درست تپک کاری گردد‬

207.3.3 Staking the sods ‫ جابجایی چمن‬207.3.3

Where the side slope is 2 (horizontal) to 1 )‫ (افقی‬2 ‫تا جایی که میل های کناری‬
(Vertical) or steeper and the distance along the ‫(عمودی) یا تند تر از آن و‬1 ‫به نسبت‬
slope is more than 2 m, the sods shall be staked ‫ متر‬2 ‫فاصله در مسیر میل اضافه تر از‬
500 ‫ تخم های چمن باید در فاصله‬,‫است‬
with pegs or nails spaced approximately 500 to
‫ ملی متر توسط میخ در مسیر‬1000 ‫تا‬
1000 mm along the longitudinal axis of the sod
‫ میخ‬.‫محور طوالنی چمن باید نشانده شود‬
strips. Stakes shall be driven approximately plumb
‫ها باید به صورت درست با چمن زار‬
through the sods to be almost flush with them.
.‫شاقول شده باشد‬

207.3.4 Top dressing ‫ آرایش طبقه باالیی‬207.3.4

After the sods have been laid in position, the ‫ سطح آن باید‬,‫بعد از جابجایی چمن ها‬
surface shall be cleaned of loose sod, excess soil ‫ خاک اضافی و‬,‫از سبزه های بی قاعده‬
‫ً یک‬‫ بعدا‬.‫مواد اجنبی پاک کاری گردد‬
and other foreign material. Thereafter, a thin layer
‫طبقه نازک از خاک طبقه باالیی باالی‬
of topsoil shall be scattered over the surface of top
‫بستر ساحه پخش گردیده و به صورت منظم‬
dressing and the area thoroughly moistened by
.‫تمام ساحه آب پاشی گردد‬
sprinkling with water.

207.3.5 Watering and maintenance ‫ آب پاشی و حفظ و مراقبت‬207.3.5

The sods shall be watered by the Contractor for a ‫چمن ها باید توسط قراردادی به مدت‬
period of at least four weeks after laying. Watering ‫ هفته بعد از تخم پاشی آب‬4 ‫حد اقل‬
‫پاشی گردیده و الی موقیع تسلیمی‬
shall be so done as to avoid erosion and prevent
‫ آب پاشی باید قسمی‬.‫نگهداری گردد‬
damage to sodded areas by wheels of water tanks.
‫ثورت گیرد تا باعث تخریب ساخات چمن‬
The Contractor shall erect necessary warning signs
.‫توسط تایر های آب پاش نگردد‬
and barriers, repair or replace sodded areas failing
‫قراردادی باید نشانه های مورد نیاز‬
to show uniform growth of grass or damaged by ‫در اطراف ساحه که نشاندهنده ساحه چمن‬
his operations and shall otherwise maintain the ‫تازه احداث شده را میدهد باید نصب‬
sod at his cost until final acceptance. ‫گردد تا باعث تخریب آن نگردد و در‬
‫صورت تخریب قراردادی مکلف به ترمیم‬
‫دوباره و نگهداری آن تا موقع تسلیمی‬
.‫میباشد‬

Measurements for payment ‫ اندازه گیری برای پرداخت ها‬207.4

Turfing with sods shall be measured as finished ‫اندازه گیری این بخش بعد از ختم کار‬
work in square meters. .‫و به متر مربع میباشد‬

107 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

sqm 207 (1) Turfing with Sods

207 (1) Turfing with Sods sqm

Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬207.5

The Contract unit rate for turfing with sods shall ‫قیمت فی واحد جنس درج شده در قرار‬
mean payment in full for carrying out all the ‫داد برای پوشش چمن شامل تمام موارد‬
required operations explained above including ‫مورد نیاز عملیات ذکر شده در باال به‬
compensation for furnishing all the materials to be ,‫ کار ها‬,‫شمول تمام وسایل مورد نیاز‬
incorporated in the Works with all leads and lifts ‫ لوازم و لوازم مورد‬,‫ وسایل‬,‫کاریگر‬
‫نیاز برای تکمیلی پروژه در مطابقت‬
and all labors, tools, equipment and
.‫با این طرزالعمل میباشد‬
incidentals to complete the work in accordance
with these specifications.

Seeding and Mulching ‫ تخم پاشی و پوشش آن‬208

Scope of Work ‫ هدف‬208.1
This work shall consist of preparing slopes, placing ,‫این کار شامل آماده سازی میل ها‬
topsoil, furnishing all seeds, commercial or organic ‫ تهیه تمام‬,‫جابجایی خاک طبقه باالیی‬
fertilizers and mulching materials, providing jute ‫ القاح کننده های تجارتی و‬,‫تخم ها‬
netting and placing and incorporating the same on ‫ تشکیل شده از‬,‫عضوی و مواد پوششی آن‬
embankment slopes or other locations designated ‫جوت های شبکه ای بوده و در ساحات پر‬
‫کاری شده میل دار مطابق به اسناد‬
by the Engineer or shown in the Contract
‫قرارداد و یا هدایت انجنییر گذاشته‬
documents.
.‫شود‬

Materials ‫ مواد‬208.2
208.2.1 Seeds ‫ تخم ها‬208.2.1
The seeds shall be of approved quality and type ‫تخم ها با کیفیت و نوعیت مناسب به‬
suitable for the soil on which these are to be ‫ و با‬,‫خاکی که گذاشته میشود باشد‬
‫نوعیت خالص قابل قبول و در مطابقت‬
applied, and shall have acceptable purity and
‫با مقتضیات داده شده توسط انجنییر‬
germination to requirements set down by the
.‫باشد‬
Engineer.
‫القاح باید شامل مواد برابر با معیار‬
Fertilizer shall consist of standard commercial
‫های تجاری و در مطابقت به میل داده‬
materials and conform to the grade specified.
.‫شده باشد‬
Organic manure shall be fully putrefied organic ‫کود عضوی آن باید از موادی مثل مدفوع‬
matter such as cow dung. .‫گاو باشد‬
Mulching materials shall consist of straw, hay ‫مواد برای پوشانیدن تخم ها باید از‬
wood shavings or sawdust, and shall be delivered ‫ براده چوب یا بوره‬,‫ علف خشک‬,‫جنس کاه‬
dry. They shall be reasonably free of weed seed ‫ وبه شکل کامال خشک به ساحه‬,‫اره باشد‬
and such foreign materials as may detract from ‫ و باید از هر نوع تخم‬.‫انتقال گردد‬
their effectiveness as mulch or be injurious to the ‫گیاهای اضافی و اجنبی که باعث تضعیف‬
plant growth. .‫رشد نبات مورد نظر میگردد عاری باشد‬

208.2.2 Topsoil ‫ خاک طبقه باالیی‬208.2.2

‫خاک باالیی آن از ساحه که دارای تخم‬
‫گیاه های که مضر است نباید گرفته‬

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Topsoil shall not be obtained from an area known ‫ اگر تحت عمل عقیم سازی یا خنثی‬.‫شود‬
to have noxious weeds growing in it. If treated ‫ توسط متخصصین‬,‫سازی قرار گرفته باشد‬
with herbicides or sterilents, it shall be tested by .‫زراعتی مورد آزمایش قرار میگیرد‬
appropriate agricultural authority to determine ‫ فیصد‬2 ‫خاک طبقه باالیی نباید کمتر از‬
the residual in the soil. Topsoil shall not contain ‫ فیصد مواد عضوی در‬12 ‫و اضافه تر از‬
less than 2 per cent and more than 12 per cent .‫خود داشته باشد‬
organic matter.

208.2.3 Bituminous Emulsion ‫ دوغاب قیر‬208.2.3

A suitable grade of bituminous cutback or ‫یک طبقه مناسب از قیر برای محکم نگه‬
emulsion used as a tie down for mulch shall be as ‫داشتن طبقه باالیی در مطابقت با اسناد‬
‫قرارداد و یا هدایت انجنییر گذاشته‬
described in the Contract document or as desired
‫ محلول قیرباید عاری از هر نوع‬.‫شود‬
by the Engineer. Emulsified bitumen shall not
‫مواد زهری که باعث صدمه به نبات‬
contain any solvent or diluting agent toxic to plant
.‫میگردد باشد‬
life.

208.2.4 Netting ‫ شبکه کاری‬208.2.4

Jute netting shall be undyed jute yam woven into ‫شبکه کاری جوت باید از جوت زنده و‬
a uniform open weave with approximate 2.5 cm ‫با موج های همسان و سوراخ های مربعی‬
square openings. .‫ سانتی متر باشد‬2.5
‫پنجره های روی زمین باید از جال های‬
Geonetting shall be made of uniformly extruded
cm X2cm 2 ‫همنواخت و به اندازه های‬
rectangular mesh having mesh opening of 2 cm x
.‫ رنگ آن ها سیاه یا سبز باشد‬.‫باشد‬
2 cm. The color may be black or green. It shall
‫ در هر‬Kg 3.8 ‫و وزن آن ها کمتر از‬
weight not less than 3.8 kg per 1000 sq. m.
.‫ متر مربع نباشد‬1000

Seeding Operations ‫ عمل تخم پاشی‬208.3

208.3.1 Seed-bed preparation ‫ آماده سازی زمین برای تخم‬208.3.1
The area to be seeded shall be brought to the ‫ها‬
required slope and cross-section by filling, ‫ساحه که در آن تخم پاشیده میشود باید‬
‫به میل ها مقاطع داده شده توسط پر‬
reshaping eroded areas and refinishing slopes,
‫ دوباره شکل دهی ساحه و تمام‬,‫کاری‬
medians etc. Topsoil shall be evenly spread over
‫ گلدان ها و غیره‬,‫کاری دوباره میل ها‬
the specified areas to the depth shown on the
‫ خاک باالیی تخم ها به‬.‫تنظیم گردد‬
plans, unless otherwise approved by the Engineer. ‫تمام ساحه به شکل همنواخت به ساحه‬
The seed-bed preparation shall consist of ,‫متذکره به عمق داده شده در نقشه ها‬
eliminating all live plants by suitable means using ‫مر اینکه حالت دیگر آن تایید شده‬
agricultural implements. All stones 150 mm in ‫ آماده سازی بستر برای‬.‫انجنییر باشد‬
smallest dimension and larger shall be removed. ‫تخم ها شامل از بین بردن تمام نباتات‬
The soil shall be excavated on the contour to a .‫توسط مواد زراعتی مناسب میباشد‬
depth of 100 mm. all clods larger than 25 mm in ‫ ملی متر و یا‬150 ‫تمام سنک های که‬
diameter shall be crushed and packed. Where ‫اضافه تر قطر داشته باشد باید‬
necessary, water shall then be applied. All topsoil ‫ خاک باید در کانتور به‬.‫برداشته شود‬
shall be compacted unless otherwise specified or .‫ ملی متر کندن کاری گردد‬100 ‫عمق‬
25 ‫تمام کلوخ های با قطر باال تر از‬
approved by the Engineer. Compaction shall be by
‫ در صورت‬.‫ملی متر خرد و پارچه گردد‬
slope compactor, cleated tractor or similar

109 | S e c t i o n 2
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equipment approved by the Engineer. Equipment ‫ خاک باالیی‬.‫نیاز آب پاشی صورت گیرد‬
shall be so designed and constructed as to ‫ مگر اینکه توسط‬,‫باید تپک گردد‬
produce a uniform rough textured surface ready ‫ تپک‬.‫انجنییر هدایت دیگری داده شود‬
for seeding and mulching and which will bond the ‫کاری باید توسط آله تپک کاری مخصوص‬
topsoil to the underlying material. The entire area ‫ و یا سایر وسایل مشابه تایید‬,‫میل ها‬
‫ این وسایل قسمی‬.‫شده انجنییر باشد‬
shall be covered by the minimum of 4 passes or 2
‫دیزاین و ساخته شده باشد که یک سطح‬
round trips of the roller or approved equipment.
‫درشت را به وجود آورد تا چسپش را در‬
.‫میان طبقه باالیی و بستر بوجود آورد‬
2 ‫ بار یا‬4 ‫تمام ساحه باید حد اقل‬
‫بار عبور و مرور "رولر" یا کدام‬
.‫وسیله تایید شده تپک کاری گردد‬
208.3.2 Fertilizer application ‫ تطبیق کود کیمیاوی‬208.3.2
Fertilizer to the required quantities shall be spread ‫کود کیمیاوی به اندازه داده شده به‬
and thoroughly incorporated into the soil surface ‫شکل همنواخت به تمام ساحه به قسم جز‬
as a part of the seed-bed preparation. .‫بستر انداخته شود‬

208.3.2 Planting of seeds ‫ نشاندن تخم ها‬208.3.3

All seeds shall be planted uniformly at the ‫تمام تخم ها به شکل متناسب و به نرخ‬
approved rate. Immediately after sowing, the area ‫ً بعد از‬
‫ دقیقا‬.‫تایید شده نشانده شود‬
‫ ملی متر باید پوشش‬6 ‫تخم پاشی به عمق‬
shall be raked, dragged or otherwise treated so as
.‫گردد‬
to cover the seeds to a depth of 6 mm.
‫عملیات تخم پاشی در موقیع که زمین‬
The operation of seed sowing shall not be
‫گل آلود باشد و یا هوا برای این کار‬
performed when the ground is muddy or when the
‫و کار های بعدی آن مناسب نباشد نباید‬
soil or weather conditions would otherwise
.‫انجام گیرد‬
prevent proper soil preparation and subsequent
operations.

208.3.4 Soil moisture and watering ‫ رطوبت خاک و مقتضیات آب پاشی‬208.3.4

requirements 25 ‫رطوبت خاک در تمام ساحه باید از‬
Soil-moisture shall exist throughout the zone from ‫ ملی متر عمق ساحه‬125 ‫ملی متر الی‬
25 mm to at least 125 mm below the surface at the .‫در جریان غرس موجود باشد‬
‫آب پاشی ساحه ای که در آن تخم پاشیده‬
time of planting.
‫شده باید طبق هدایت انجنییر صورت‬
Watering of the seeded areas shall be carried out
.‫گیرد‬
as approved by the Engineer.

Mulching, Applying Bituminous Emulsion ‫ تطبیق محلول قیر‬,‫ مالچ کاری‬208.4

and Jute Netting/Geonetting ‫ شبکه کاری زمینی‬/‫و شبکه کاری جوت‬
Within 24 hours of seeding, mulching material ‫ مواد مکس‬,‫ ساعت تخم پاشی‬24 ‫در جریان‬
mixed with organic manure shall be placed so as ‫شده مالچ کاری با مواد عضوی باید‬
to form a continuous, unbroken cover of ‫قسمی جابجا گردد تا باعث تشکیل یک‬
approximate uniform thickness of 25 mm using an ‫پوشش متمادی و غیر قابل شکست و به‬
acceptable mechanical blower. Mulching material ‫ ملی متر توسط یک دستگاه‬25 ‫عمق یکسان‬
‫ مواد مالچ‬.‫میخانیکی قابل قبول باشد‬
shall be held in place and made resistant to being

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blown away by suitable means approved by the ‫کاری شده باید به صورت درست و با‬
Engineer. When called for in the Contract ‫استفاده از موارد قابل قبول جابجا‬
documents, mulch material shall be anchored in ‫ در مطابقت با اسناد قرار داد‬.‫گردد‬
place with bituminous emulsion applied at the ‫مواد مالچ کاری باید توسط محلولی از‬
rate of 2300 liters per hectare. Any mulch ‫ لیتر درهر هکتار‬2300 ‫قیر که به نرخ‬
‫ هر ماده‬.‫باشد باید تطبیق گردد‬
disturbed or displaced following application shall
‫کیمیاوی که بعد از تطبیق بر هم‬
be removed, reseeded and remulched as
‫ دوباره تخم‬,‫میخورد باید برطرف‬
specified. Jute netting/Geonetting shall be ‫افشانی و دوباره ملچ کاری طبق تذکر‬
unrolled and placed parallel to the flow of water ‫ شبکه جوت باید موازی‬.‫مالچ کاری گردد‬
immediately following the bringing, to finished ‫با جریان آب و در مطابقت با نقشه ها‬
grade, the area specified on the plans or the ‫باید به صورت درست در انجام ها ختم‬
placing of seed and fertilizer. Where more than ‫ اگر به دو بسته برای پوشش‬.‫گردد‬
one strip is required to cover the given areas, they ‫ ملی متر‬100 ‫ضرورت باشد باید حد اقل‬
shall overlap a minimum of 100 mm. jute netting ‫ شبکه های جوت ها باید‬.‫باالی هم باشند‬
/Geonetting shall be held in place by approved ‫ میخ ها‬,‫ نوار ها‬,‫باید توسط سیم ها‬
wire staples, pins, spikes or wooden stakes driven ‫و یا چوب ها که به شکل عمودی کوبیده‬
vertically into the soil. .‫شده اند محکم کاری گردند‬

Maintenance ‫ حفظ و مراقبت‬208.5

The Contractor shall maintain all seeded and ‫قراردادی تمام ساحه تخم پاشی سده و‬
mulched areas until final acceptance. ‫مالچ شده را تا قبولی نهایی حفظ‬
Maintenance shall include protection of traffic by .‫نماید‬
approved warning signs or barricades and ‫حفظ و مراقبت شامل حفظ ساحه از‬
repairing any areas damaged following the ‫ترافیک توسط نشانه ها یا موانع و‬
seeding and mulching operations. If mulched ‫ترمیم تمام ساحات تخریب شده بعد از‬
.‫تخم پاشی و عملیات مالچ کاری میباشد‬
areas become damaged, the area shall be
‫اگر ساحات مالچ کاری شده تخریب‬
reshaped and then seeded and mulched again as
‫ ساحه باید دوباره شکل داده‬,‫میگردد‬
originally specified.
‫ً تخم پاشی و ملچ کاری به‬ ‫شده و بعدا‬
.‫شکل اولی آن گردد‬

Method of Measurement ‫ طریقه اندازه گیری‬208.6

Seeding and mulching shall be measured as ‫تخم پاشی و مالچ کاری بعد از ختم‬
finished work in square meters. .‫کار به متر مربع اندازه گیری میگردد‬

208 (1) Seeding and Mulching cum

Rates ‫ نرخ ها‬208.7

The Contract unit rate for seeding and mulching ‫نرخ فی واحد جنس در قرارداد شامل‬
shall be payment in full carrying out all the ,‫تمام عملیات ها به شمول نرخ کاریگر‬
‫ وسایل و لوازم مورد نیاز ضروری‬,‫مواد‬
.‫برای تکمیل پروژه را شامل میگردد‬

111 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

required operations including full compensation

for all materials, labors, tools and incidentals.

Geotextile
Scope of Work
The publications listed below form a part of this
specification to the extent referenced. The
publications are referred to within the text by the
basic designation only.

ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)

ASTM D 4354 (1999; R 2009) Sampling of

Geosynthetics for Testing

ASTM D 4355 (2007) Deterioration of

Geotextiles from Exposure to
Light, Moisture and Heat in a
Xenon-Arc Type Apparatus

ASTM D 4491 (1999a; R 2009) Water

Permeability of Geotextiles
by Permittivity

ASTM D 4533 (2004; R 2009) Trapezoid

Tearing Strength of
Geotextiles

ASTM D 4632 (2008) Grab Breaking Load

and Elongation of
Geotextiles

ASTM D 4751 (2004) Determining

Apparent Opening Size of a
Geotextile

ASTM D 4759 (2002; R 2007) Determining

the Specification
Conformance of
Geosynthetics

ASTM D 4833 (2007) Index Puncture

Resistance of Geotextiles,
Geomembranes, and Related
Products

112 | S e c t i o n 2
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ASTM D 4873 (2002; R 2009) Identification,

Storage, and Handling of Geosynthetic Rolls and
Samples

Submittals
The Engineer’s approval is required for all material
submittals with an approval or disapproval code
(A, B, C, or E). A code means approved without
comments, B code means approved with
comments, C code means approved with
comments but need re-submission and E code is
disapproved and need resubmission. When any
submittal has gotten A or B code from the
government, contractor shall start their work at
site otherwise they are not allowed to start work.

SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:
SD-01 Samples
Geotextile Sample
Submit 15 days prior to starting work.

SD-06 Product Data

Manufacturer Certificate

A minimum of 7 days prior to scheduled use,

manufacturer's certificate of compliance stating
that the geotextile meets the requirements of this
section. The contractor shall also certify that the
geotextile has been continuously inspected at site
during construction.

Delivery, Storage and Handling

Deliver, store, and handle geotextile in
accordance with ASTM D 4873.

209.3.1 Delivery
Notify the Engineer a minimum of 24 hours prior
to delivery and unloading of geotextile rolls
packaged in an opaque, waterproof, protective
plastic wrapping. The plastic wrapping shall not be
removed until deployment. If quality assurance
samples are collected, immediately rewrap rolls
with the plastic wrapping. Geotextile or plastic
wrapping damaged during storage or handling
shall be repaired or replaced, as directed. Label

113 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

each roll with the manufacturer's name, geotextile

type, roll number, roll dimensions (length, width,
gross weight), and date manufactured.

209.3.2 Storage
Protect rolls of geotextile from construction
equipment, chemicals, sparks and flames,
temperatures in excess of 71 degrees C or any
other environmental condition that may damage
the physical properties of the geotextile. To
protect geotextile from becoming saturated,
either elevate rolls off the ground or place them
on a sacrificial sheet of plastic in an area where
water will not accumulate.

209.3.3 Handling
Handle and unload geotextile rolls with load
carrying straps, a fork lift with a stinger bar, or an
axial bar assembly. Rolls shall not be dragged
along the ground, lifted by one end, or dropped to
the ground.

Materials
209.4.1 Geotextile Material
Provide geotextile that is a nonwoven pervious
sheet of polymeric material consisting of long-
chain synthetic polymers composed of at least 95
percent by weight polyolefins, polyesters, or
polyamides.
The use of woven slit film geotextiles (i.e.
geotextiles made from yarns of a flat, tape-like
character) will not be allowed. Add stabilizers
and/or inhibitors to the base polymer, as needed,
to make the filaments resistant to deterioration by
ultraviolet light, oxidation, and heat exposure.
Regrind material, which consists of edge
trimmings and other scraps that have never
reached the consumer, may be used to produce
the geotextile.
Post-consumer recycled material shall not be
used. Geotextile shall be formed into a network
such that the filaments or yarns retain
dimensional stability relative to each other,
including the edges.

114 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

Geotextiles shall meet the requirements specified

as bellow:
Type = nonwoven
Thickness = 2.5mm
Weight = 320g/sq.m (Mirafi 160N or equivalent)

209.4.2 Quality Control of Sampling and Testing

The contractor is responsible for establishing and
maintaining a quality control program to assure
compliance with the requirements of the
specification. Documentation describing the
quality control shall be made available upon
request. Perform contractor quality control
sampling and testing in accordance with the
manufacturer's certificate and product data. As a
minimum, geotextiles shall be randomly sampled
for testing in accordance with ASTM D 4354,
Procedure A.
Acceptance of geotextile shall be in accordance
with ASTM D 4759. Tests not meeting the specified
requirements will result in the rejection of
applicable rolls.

Execution
209.5.1 Quality Assurance Samples and Tests
The need for and amount of quality assurance
testing should be based on site conditions and the
amount of geotextile being placed.

1) Quality Assurance Samples

Provide assistance to the Contracting Officer in the
collection of quality assurance samples. Collect
samples upon delivery to the site for quality
assurance testing [at the request of the Engineer.
Identify samples with a waterproof marker by
manufacturer's name, product identification, lot
number, roll number, and machine direction. The
date and a unique sample number shall also be
noted on the sample. Discard the outer layer of
the geotextile roll prior to sampling a roll. Samples
shall then be collected by cutting the full-width of
the geotextile sheet a minimum of 1 meter long in
the machine direction. Rolls which are sampled

115 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

shall be immediately resealed in their protective

covering.

2) Quality Assurance Tests

The Contractor shall provide quality assurance
samples to an Independent Laboratory. Test
method ASTM D 4355 shall not be performed on
the collected samples. Geotextile product
acceptance shall be based on ASTM D 4759. Tests
not meeting the specified requirements will result
in the rejection of applicable rolls.

209.5.2 Installation
1) Subgrade Preparation
The surface underlying the geotextile shall be
smooth and free of ruts or protrusions which could
damage the geotextile. Subgrade materials and
compaction requirements shall be in accordance
with Clause 205.3.6 and 206.

2) Placement
Notify the Contracting Officer a minimum of 24
hours prior to installation of geotextile. Geotextile
rolls which are damaged or contain imperfections
shall be repaired or replaced as directed. The
geotextile shall be laid flat and smooth so that it is
in direct contact with the subgrade. The geotextile
shall also be free of tensile stresses, folds, and
wrinkles. On slopes steeper than 10 horizontal on
1 vertical, lay the geotextile with the machine
direction of the fabric parallel to the slope
direction.

209.5.3 Seams
Overlapped seams are commonly used for
geotextile not placed in tension. Geotextile seams
can also be produced by sewing or the application
of thermal energy.

1) Overlap Seams
Continuously overlap geotextile panels a
minimum of 300mm at all longitudinal and
transverse joints. Where seams must be oriented
across the slope, lap the upper panel over the

116 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

lower panel. If approved, sewn seams may be used

instead of overlapped seams.

2) Sewn Seams
Factory and field seams shall be continuously
sewn. The stitch type used shall be a 401 locking
chain stitch or as recommended by the
manufacturer. The thread at the end of each seam
run shall be tied off to prevent unraveling. Skipped
stitches or discontinuities shall be sewn with an
extra line of stitching with a minimum of 450 mm
of overlap.

209.5.4 Protection
Protect the geotextile during installation from
clogging, tears, and other damage. Damaged
geotextile shall be repaired or replaced as directed
by the Engineer. Use adequate ballast (e.g. sand
bags) to prevent uplift by wind. The geotextile
shall not be left uncovered for more than 14 days
after installation.

209.5.5 Repairs
Repair torn or damaged geotextile. Clogged areas
of geotextile shall be removed. Perform repairs by
placing a patch of the same type of geotextile over
the damaged area. The patch shall extend a
minimum of 300 mm beyond the edge of the
damaged area. Patches shall be continuously
fastened using approved methods. The machine
direction of the patch shall be aligned with the
machine direction of the geotextile being
repaired. Remove and replace geotextile rolls
which cannot be repaired.

209.5.6 Penetration
Construct engineered penetrations of the
geotextile as shown on the drawings.

209.5.7 Covering
Do not cover geotextile prior to inspection and
approval by the Engineer. Place cover soil in a
manner that prevents soil from entering the
geotextile overlap zone, prevents tensile stress

117 | S e c t i o n 2
Section 2: Earthworks General Technical Specification

from being mobilized in the geotextile, and

prevents wrinkles from folding over onto
themselves. On side slopes, soil backfill shall be
placed from the bottom of the slope upward.
Cover soil shall not be dropped onto the geotextile
from a height greater than 1 m. No equipment
shall be operated directly on top of the geotextile
without approval of the Engineer. Use equipment
with ground pressures less than 50 kPa to place
the first lift over the geotextile. A minimum of 300
mm of soil shall be maintained between full‐scale
construction equipment and the geotextile. Cover
soil material type, compaction, and testing
requirements are described in this specification.
Equipment placing cover soil shall not stop
abruptly, make sharp turns, spin their wheels, or
travel at speeds exceeding 2.2m/s.

Measurements and Payment

209.6.1 Measurements
All geotextile works shall be measured in
accordance with the requirements which are
mentioned in design drawings and project
specification. The geotextile works shall be
measured with square meter which is consisted
from cleaning of base, laying, overlapping,
providing of geotextile to project site, safety
protection and etc.

209.6.2 Payments
Payments shall be done with square meter for all
geotextile works after approval of work done and
measurements by the Engineer.

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Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

SECTION 3: ROAD WORKS ‫ امور سرکسازی‬:3 ‫بخش‬

301 Sub Base Course

301.1 Scope of Work
This work shall consist of laying and compacting
graded material on prepared sub-grade in
accordance with the requirements of these
Specifications. It includes the use of processed
(crushed, screened or crushed and screened)
gravels or rock, derived from blasting or ripping
within road cuttings or approved borrow sources.
The material shall be laid in one or more layers
based on design drawings.

301.2 Preparation of Underlying Material

Prior to constructing the sub-base course, clean
the underlying course or sub-grade of all foreign
substances. The surface of the underlying course
or sub-grade shall meet specified compaction and
surface tolerances. Correct ruts, or soft yielding
spots, in the underlying courses, sub-grade areas
having inadequate compaction, and deviations of
the surface from the specified requirements, by
loosening and removing soft or unsatisfactory
material and by adding approved material,
reshaping to line and grade, and re-compacting to
specified density requirements. For cohesion-less
underlying courses or sub-grades containing sands
or gravels, as defined in ASTM D 2487, the surface
shall be stabilized prior to placement of the
overlying course.

301.3 Materials
Aggregates shall consist of crushed stone or slag,
gravel, shell, sand, or other sound, durable,
approved materials processed and blended or
naturally combined. Aggregates shall be durable
and sound, free from lumps and balls of clay,
organic matter, objectionable coatings, and other
foreign material. Material retained on the 4.75 mm
No. 4 sieve shall have a percentage of wear not to
exceed 50 percent after 500 revolutions when
tested as specified in ASTM C 131. Aggregate shall
be reasonably uniform in density and quality. Slag

118 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

shall be an air-cooled, blast-furnace product

having a dry weight of not less than 1050 kg/cubic
meter. Aggregates shall have a maximum size of 50
mm and shall be within the limits specified as
follows: Maximum Allowable Percentage by
Weight Passing Square-Mesh Sieve
[Particles having diameters less than 0.02 mm
shall not be in excess of 3 percent by weight of the
total sample tested as determined in accordance
with ASTM D 422.] The portion of any blended
component and of the completed course passing
the 0.425 mm No. 40 sieve shall be either
nonplastic or shall have a liquid limit not greater
than 25 and a plasticity index not greater than 5.

Table 301-1. Sub base Gradation based on

AASHTO M147
Sieve Size (mm) % Passing (by Weight)
50 95 – 100
25 -
9.5 30 – 65
4.75 25 – 55
2.00 15 – 40
0.425 8 – 20
0.075 2–8

Unless otherwise specified in the Drawings, sub

base course shall be of Grading A of AASHTO
M147.
% passing through sieve size 0.075mm shall be less
than or equal to 2/3rds of % passing through sieve
size 0.425.

301.4 Mix Design

The following tests shall be conducted and results
furnished for sub base mix design:

Table 301-2. Sub base Mix Design

AASHTO Specification
Type of test
Designation Limit
Gradation T-27 & T-11 Table 1
LAV T-96 50% max
Soundness T-104 12% max
LL T-89 25% max

119 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

PI T-90 6%
Durability
index of fine T-210 35% max
agg.
Durability
index of T-210 35% max
course agg.
25% min at
CBR T-193
96%MDD
One per
MDD T-180(D)
source

301.5 Equipment
All plant, equipment, and tools used in the
performance of the work will be subject to the
Engineer’s approval before the work is started and
shall be maintained in satisfactory working
condition at all times. The equipment shall be
adequate and shall have the capability of
producing the required compaction, meeting
grade controls, thickness control, and smoothness
requirements as set forth herein.

301.6 Layer Thickness

The compacted thickness of the completed course
shall be as indicated in design drawing. The
material shall be placed in a layer wise compacted
thickness of not more than 150 mm and not
thinner than 100 mm when compacted.

301.7 Compaction
Compact each layer of the material, as specified,
with approved compaction equipment. Maintain
water content during the compaction procedure to
within plus or minus 2 percent of optimum water
content, as determined from laboratory tests. In all
places not accessible to the rollers, compact the
mixture with hand-operated power tampers.
Compaction of the sub-base shall continue until
each layer is compacted through the full depth not
less than 95 percent of laboratory maximum
density. Make such adjustments in compacting or
finishing procedures as may be directed to obtain
true grades, to minimize segregation and
degradation, to reduce or increase water content,

120 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

and to ensure a satisfactory sub-base course. Any

materials that are found to be unsatisfactory shall
be removed and replaced with satisfactory
material or reworked, as directed, to meet the
requirements of this specification.

301.8 Initial Tests

One of each of the following tests shall be
performed on the proposed material prior to
commencing construction to demonstrate that the
proposed material meets all specified
requirements prior to installation.
a. Sieve Analysis including 0.02 mm size material
b. Liquid limit and plasticity index
c. Moisture-density relationship
d. Wear tests shall be made in conformance with
ASTM C 131.

301.9 In-Place Tests

One of each of the following tests shall be
performed on samples taken from the placed and
compacted sub base. Samples shall be taken and
tested at the rates indicated.
a. Density tests shall be performed on every
lift of material placed and at a frequency
of one set of tests for every 700 square
meters, or portion thereof, of completed
area.

b. Sieve Analysis [including 0.02 mm size

material] shall be performed on every lift
of material placed and at a frequency of
one sieve analysis for every 1400 square
meters, or portion thereof, of material
placed.

c. Liquid limit and plasticity index tests shall

be performed at the same frequency as
the sieve analysis.

d. The thickness of each course shall be

measured at intervals providing at least
one measurement for each 700 square
meters or part thereof. The thickness
measurement shall be made by test holes,

121 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

at least 75 mm in diameter through the

course.

301.10 Field Density Tests

Density shall be field measured in accordance with
ASTM D 1556, ASTM D 2167, or ASTM D 6938. For
the method presented in ASTM D 1556, the base
plate, as shown in the drawing, shall be used. For
the method presented in ASTM D 6938, the
calibration curves shall be checked and adjusted, if
necessary, using only the sand cone method as
described in the following paragraph.
Calibration according to ASTM
Tests performed in accordance with ASTM D 6938
result in a wet unit weight of soil and ASTM D 6938
shall be used to determine the moisture content of
the soil. The calibration curves furnished with the
moisture gauges shall also be checked along with
density calibration checks as described in ASTM D
6938. The calibration checks of both the density
and moisture gauges shall be made by the
prepared containers of material method, as
described in paragraph Calibration, in ASTM D
6938, on each different type of material to be
tested at the beginning of a job and at intervals as
directed by the Engineer.

301.11 Method of Measurement

Sub-base course shall be measured as finished
work in position in cubic meters.
The protection of edges of Sub-base extended over
the full formation as shown in the drawing shall be
considered incidental to the work of providing Sub-
base and as such no extra payment shall be made
for the same.

Sub-base course cu.m

301.12 Rates
The Contract unit rate for Sub-base course shall be
payment in full compensation for carrying out the
required operation including full compensation
for:
(i) Making arrangements for traffic

122 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

(ii) furnishing all materials to be

incorporated in the work including all
royalties, fees, rents where necessary
and all leads and lifts;

(iii) all labors, tools, equipment and

incidentals to complete the work to the
Specifications;

(iv) carrying out the work in part widths of

road where directed; and

(v) carrying out the required tests for quality

control.

302 Base Course ‫ طبقه سبیس ریز دانه‬302

302.1 Scope of Work ‫ حوزه‬302.1
This work shall consist of laying and compacting ‫این کار باید شامل هموار کردن و تپک‬
well-graded material on prepared sub-base in )‫مدرج (درجه بندی شده‬-‫کاری مواد درست‬
accordance with the requirements of these ‫باالی بدنه خاکی آماده شده مطابق به‬
Specifications. The material shall be laid in one or ‫ مواد باید‬.‫ضروریات این مشخصات باشد‬
more layers as lower base course and upper base ‫در یک و یا بیشتر از یک طبقه به صفت‬
‫سبیس یا سبیس پایین (سبیس) و سبیس باال‬
course.
‫ میالن و مقاطع‬،‫(بیس) مطابق به خط تراز‬
‫عرضی که در نقشه نشان داده شده و یا‬
،‫اینکه توسط انجنیر دستور داده شود‬
.‫طوریکه الزم است انداخته شود‬

302.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬302.2

The Material to be used for the work shall be ‫موادیکه برای این کار (سبیس) استفاده‬
natural sand, gravel, crushed stone, or ‫ سنگ میده‬،‫ جغل‬،‫شود باید ریگ طبیعی‬
combination thereof depending upon the grading ‫ یا ترکیب از آن نظر به‬،‫یا کرش‬
required. Materials like crushed slag, and crushed .‫ضروریات درجه بندی یا گرید باشد‬
concrete may be allowed only with the specific ‫ کانکریت‬،‫موادی مانند تفاله میده‬
‫ و خشت به تایید خاص انجنیر ممکن‬،‫میده‬
approval of the Engineer. The material shall be free
‫اجازه داده شود (مورد استفاده قرار‬
from organic or other deleterious constituents and
‫ مواد باید عاری از ماده های‬.)‫گیرد‬
conform to one of the 6 grading given in AASHTO
‫عضوی و دیگر اجزای زیان آور بوده و‬
M147 or other international codes and standards
AASHTO M 147 ‫ گرید که در‬6 ‫با یکی از‬
approved by the Engineer. .‫ مطابقت داشته باشد‬،‫ذکر گردیده‬
The grading to be adopted for a project shall be as ‫گرید قابل قبول باید در قرارداد مشخص‬
specified in the Contract. .‫گردد‬

Table 302-1 Grading Requirements for base

course Materials (AASHTO M147)

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Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

Sieve Designation Mass Percentage Passing

(mm) (%)
Grading B
50 100
25 75-95
9.5 40-75
4.75 30-60
2.00 20-45
0.425 15-30
0.075 5-20

Unless otherwise specified in the Drawings, base

course shall be of Grading B of AASHTO M147.
% passing through sieve size 0.075mm shall be less
than or equal to 2/3rds of % passing through sieve
size 0.425.

302.3 Strength of Base Course ‫ مقاومت سبیس‬302.3

It shall be ensured prior to actual execution that ‫ باید مطمین شد موادیکه‬،‫قبل از اجرا‬
the material to be used in the base course satisfies CBR ‫برای سبیس استفاده میشود ضروریات‬
the requirements of CBR and other physical ‫و دیگر ضرورت های فزیکی زمان تپک کاری‬
requirements when compacted and finished. .‫و تکمیلی را پوره نماید‬
When directed by the Engineer, this shall be ،‫زمانیکه توسط انجنیر دستور داده شود‬
verified by performing CBR tests in the laboratory CBR ‫این ضروریات باید با انجام تست‬
as required on specimens remolded at field dry ‫در البراتوار باالی نمونه قالب شده با‬
density and moisture content and any other tests ‫شرایط کثافت خشک ساحوی و رطوبت و تست‬
،‫های دیگر کیفیت طوریکه الزم باشد‬
for the “quality” of materials, as may be necessary.
.‫بازبینی گردد‬

302.4 Construction Operation ‫ جریان اعمار‬302.4

302.4.1 Preparation of Sub Base ‫ آماده ساختن بدنه یا سبگرید‬302.4.1
Immediately prior to the laying of base course, the ‫ بدنه که‬،‫بالفاصله قبل از اعمار سبیس‬
sub-base course should be prepared by removing ‫ تکمیل شده است‬206 ‫قبال مطابق به بند‬
all additional materials and other extraneous ‫باید توسط دور ساختن تمام مواد گیاهی‬
matter, lightly sprinkled with water if necessary ‫ در‬،‫و اضافی (از سطح آن) آماده شده‬
and rolled with two passes of 80 – 100 kN smooth ‫صورت ضرورت کمی آبپاشی گردیده و با‬
wheeled roller. – 8( ‫ کیلونیوتن‬100 – 80 ‫دو دور رولر‬
.‫ تن) با چرخ هموار تپک کاری شود‬10

302.4.2 Spreading and Compacting ‫ هموارکاری و تپک کاری‬302.4.2

The base course material of grading specified in ‫مواد سبیس با گرید که در قرارداد ذکر‬
the Contract shall be spread on the prepared sub- ‫گردیده باالی بدنه توسط گریدر با ظرفیت‬
base with the help of a motor grader or paver as ‫ تیغ آن مجهز با‬،‫کافی هموار گردد‬
directed by the Engineer of adequate capacity, its ‫برای‬ ‫مناسب‬ ‫هایدرولیکی‬ ‫کنترول‬
blade having hydraulic controls suitable for initial ‫عیارسازی و حفظ میل و میالن خواسته شده‬
‫در هنگام گردش (کار) باشد یا روش های‬

124 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

adjustment and for maintaining the required slope ‫(سیستم های) دیگری که توسط انجنیر‬
and grade during the operation or other means as .‫قبول شده باشد‬
approved by the Engineer. ‫زمانیکه مواد سبیس مشتمل از ترکیب‬
When the base course material consists of ‫ ذکر گردیده‬301.2 ‫موادیکه در بند‬
combination of materials mentioned in Clause ‫ مخلوط باید بطور میخانیکی به‬،‫باشد‬
.‫جای انجام یابد‬/‫ساحه‬-‫در‬-‫روش مخلوط‬
302.2 mixing shall be done mechanically by the
‫تنها در جاییکه عرض هموارکاری برای‬
mix-in-place method.
،‫گردش میخانیکی به اندازه کافی نباشد‬
Manual mixing shall be permitted only where the ‫ مخلوط دستی باید‬،‫مانند کارهای خورد‬
width of laying is not adequate for mechanical ‫ وسایل که برای اعمار‬.‫اجازه داده شود‬
operations, as in small-sized jobs. The equipment ‫ساحه استفاده میشود باید‬-‫در‬-‫مخلوط‬
used for mix-in-place construction shall be ‫چرخنده باشد یا وسیله همانند تایید‬
rotavator or similar approved equipment capable ‫شده که توانایی مخلوط مواد را به درجه‬
of mixing the material to the desired degree. If so ‫ اگر توسط انجنیر‬.‫مطلوب داشته باشد‬
desired by the Engineer, trial runs with the ‫ بخاطر مناسب بودن‬،‫چنین مطلوب باشد‬
equipment shall be carried out to establish its ‫ باید تجربه نمونوی با وسایل‬،‫برای کار‬
suitability for the work. .‫انجام گردد‬
Moisture content of the loose material shall be ‫رطوبت مواد سست باید مطابق به کود ها‬
‫و ستندردهای مربوطه که به تایید‬
checked in accordance with relevant international
‫انجنیر رسیده باشد چک گردیده و در‬
codes and standards approved by the Engineer and
‫صورت ضرورت طوری عیار گردد که رطوبت‬
suitably adjusted by sprinkling additional water
‫در هنگام تپک کاری از یک فیصد بیشتر‬
from a truck mounted or trailer mounted water ‫و از دو فیصد کمتر از رطوبت مناسب‬
tank and suitable for applying water uniformly and ‫ آب اضافی باید توسط آبپاش که‬.‫نباشد‬
at controlled quantities to variable widths of ‫باالی عراده تنظیم شده باشد و قابلیت‬
surface or other means approved by the Engineer ‫کنترول مقدار آب را به عرضهای متغیر‬
so that, at the time of compaction, it is from 1 ‫دارا باشد و یا روشهای دیگری که به‬
percent above or 2 percent below the optimum ‫ بطور‬،‫تایید انجنیر رسیده باشد‬
moisture content. While adding water, due ‫ بعد از اینکه آب‬.‫یکنواخت عالوه گردد‬
allowance shall be made for evaporation losses. ‫ مواد باید توسط روش‬،‫عالوه گردید‬
After water has been added, the material shall be ‫میخانیکی و یا روشهای دیگر تایید شده‬
processed by mechanical or other approved ‫مانند وسایل چرخنده تا وقتیکه طبقه‬
.‫بطور یکنواخت مرطوب گردد پروسس شود‬
means like disc harrows, rotavators until the layer
‫ باید تپک کاری‬،‫بال فاصله بعد ازین‬
is uniformly wet.
‫شروع گردد (تپک کاری باید بال فاصله‬
Immediately thereafter, rolling shall start. If the
‫ اگر ضخامت طبقه‬.)‫بعد ازین شروع گردد‬
thickness of the compacted layer does not exceed ،‫ ملیمتر تجاوز نکند‬100 ‫تپک شده از‬
100 mm, a smooth wheeled roller of 80 to 100 kN ‫ تنه با چرخ هموار شاید‬10 – 8 ‫رولر‬
weight may be used. For a compacted single layer 225 ‫ برای طبقه واحد تا‬.‫استفاده شود‬
up to 150 mm the compaction shall be done with ‫ملیمتر تپک کاری باید به کمک یک رولر‬
the help of a vibratory roller of minimum 80 to 100 ‫ویبراتور (لرزاننده) با وزن ستاتیک‬
kN static weight with plain drum or pad foot-drum )‫ تنه با رول (طبل‬10 ‫ تا‬8 )‫(ساکن‬
or heavy pneumatic tyred roller of minimum 200 ‫دار یا با رولر تایر‬-‫هموار و یا پایه‬
to 300 kN weight having a minimum tire pressure ‫ تن و‬30 ‫ تا‬20 ‫الستیکی با حد اقل وزن‬
of 0.7 MN/m2 or equivalent capacity roller capable ‫ یا رولر‬0.7 MN/m2 ‫دارنده فشار تایر‬
of achieving the required compaction. Rolling shall ‫معادل که توانایی انجام تپک کاری الزم‬
commence at the lower edge and proceed towards ‫ تپک کاری برای قسمت‬.‫را داشته باشد‬
‫های که دارای میل عرضی یکنواخت اند و‬
the upper edge longitudinally for portions having

125 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

unidirectional cross-fall and super-elevation and ‫یا در قسمت ویراژ (سوپرایلویشن) باید‬
shall commence at the edges and progress towards ‫از کنار پایینی شروع و بطرف کنار‬
the center for portions having cross-fall on both ‫باالیی ختم گردد و برای قسمت های که‬
sides. ‫میل عرضی دو طرفه دارد از کنارها شروع‬
Each pass of the roller shall uniformly overlap not .‫و بطرف مرکز ختم گردد‬
)‫سوم مسیر (رد‬-‫هر گردش باید حد اقل یک‬
less than one-third of the track made in the
‫ در‬.‫گردش قبلی را تحت پوشش قرار دهد‬
proceeding pass. During rolling, the grade and
‫هنگام تپک کاری میالن (میل طولی) و میل‬
cross-fall shall be checked and any high spots or ‫ درصورت‬،‫عرضی باید چک (بررسی) گردد‬
depressions, which become apparent, corrected ‫ با برداشتن‬،‫موجودیت نقاط باال و پایین‬
by removing or adding fresh material. The speed of .‫و یا اضافه کردن مواد تازه اصالح گردد‬
the roller shall not exceed 5 km per hour. .‫ نباید زیاد شود‬5 Km/h ‫سرعت رولر از‬
Rolling shall be continued till the density achieved ‫تپک کاری تا زمانی ادامه یابد که‬
is at least 98 percent of the maximum dry density 95 ‫تراکم بدست آمده (طبقه) حد اقل‬
for the material determined as AASHTO T99 or ‫فیصد تراکم خشک اعظمی مطابق به‬
other relevant international codes and standards ‫ و یا ستندرد دیگر بین‬AASHTO T99
approved by the Engineer. The surface of any layer ‫المللی که به تایید انجنیر رسیده باشد‬
of material on completion of compaction shall be ‫ سطح‬،‫ به مجرد تکمیلی تپک کاری‬.‫گردد‬
‫ عاری‬،‫هر طبقه مواد باید درست بسته‬
well closed, free from movement under
‫از تحرک زیر وسایل تپک کاری و سطوح‬
compaction equipment and from compaction
‫ درز و مواد سست‬،‫ برآمدگی‬،‫تپک کاری‬
planes, ridges cracks or loose material. All loose,
‫ جداشده یا به‬،‫ تمام مواد سست‬.‫باشد‬
segregated or otherwise defective areas shall be ‫عباره دیگر ساحات ناقص باید به عمق‬
made good to the full thickness of layer and re- ‫کامل بهبود یافته و دوباره تپک کاری‬
compacted. .‫شود‬

302.5 Surface Finish and Quality Control of Work ‫ پردازش سطح و کنترول کیفیت کار‬302.5
The surface finish of construction shall conform to ‫پردازش سطح ساختمان باید با ضروریات‬
the requirements of Clause 308 of these ‫ این مشخصات (سند) مطابقت‬307 ‫ماده‬
Specifications. .‫کند‬
Control on quality of materials and works shall be ‫کنترول کیفیت مواد و کار باید قابل‬
approved by the Engineer. .‫قبول انجنیر باشد‬

302.6 Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬302.6

Granular base course shall be measured as finished ‫سبیس ریزدانه باید به مترمکعب به اساس‬
work in position in cubic meters. .‫تکمیل کار در جای (ساحه) باشد‬
The protection of edges of granular base course ‫محافظت کناره های امتداد یافته سبیس‬
extended over the full formation as shown in the ‫ریزدانه درتمام ساختمان قسمیکه در‬
drawing shall be considered incidental to the work ‫ به صفت‬،‫نقشه ها نشان داده شده است‬
‫فروعات (کار فرعی) کار سبیس در نظر‬
of providing granular base course and as such no
‫گرفته شده و تادیه اضافی برای چنین‬
extra payment shall be made for the same.
.‫کاری صورت نگیرد‬

302 (1) Granular sub-base, lower course ‫ طبقه پایینی‬،‫) سبیس ریزدانه‬1( 302
cu.m cum
302 (2) Granular sub-base, upper course ‫ طبقه باالیی‬،‫) سبیس ریزدانه‬2( 302
cu.m cum

126 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

302.7 Rates ‫ نرخ‬302.7

The Contract unit rate for granular sub-base shall ‫نرخ فی واحد قرارداد برای سبیس باید‬
be payment in full compensation for carrying out ‫تادیه کامل با درنظرداشت انجام‬
the required operation including full :‫اقدامات ضروری ذیل باشد‬
compensation for: ،‫) تنظیم ترافیک‬i(
(i) Making arrangements for traffic
‫) آماده سازی تمام مواد آمیخته در‬ii(
‫ کرایه‬،‫ فیس‬،‫کار شامل حق االمتیاز‬
(ii) furnishing all materials to be
،‫در جای ضرورت و تمام لیدز و لفت‬
incorporated in the work including all
royalties, fees, rents where necessary ‫ وسایل و‬،‫ اسباب‬،‫) تمام کارگران‬iii(
and all leads and lifts; ‫فروعات جهت تکمیلی کار مطابق به‬
،‫مشخصات‬
(iii) all labors, tools, equipment and
incidentals to complete the work to the ‫سرک‬ ‫) انجام کار قسمی در عرض‬iv(
Specifications; ‫و‬،‫جاییکه دستور داده شده باشد‬

(iv) carrying out the work in part widths of ‫) انجام تست های ضروری برای کنترول‬v(
road where directed; and ‫کیفیت‬

(v) carrying out the required tests for quality

control.

303 Prime Coat )‫ پرایم کوت (رویه ابتدایی‬303

303.1 Scope of Work ‫ حوزه‬303.1
The work shall consist of the application of a single ‫این کار باید شامل تطبیق یک رویه واحد‬
coat of low viscosity liquid bituminous material to ‫قیر مایع با لزجیت کم روی سطح منفذدار‬
a porous granular surface preparatory to the ‫دانه دانه بخاطر قرارگیری قیر وقایوی‬
superimposition of bituminous treatment or mix. ‫) یا مخلوط‬DBST ‫(اسفالت نازک مثل‬
.‫(اسفالت) باشد‬

303.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬303.2

303.2.1 Bituminous Material ‫ مواد قیر مایع‬303.2.1
Bituminous material shall be of type and grade ‫مواد قیر مایع باید مطابق به نوع و‬
called for in the Drawings and shall conform to the ‫گرید که در نقشه ها نشان داده شده و‬
requirements of the specifications listed below. ‫مطابق به ضروریات مشخصات که ذیال ذکر‬
.‫گردیده است باشد‬
‫گرید (با تطبیق درجه حرارت به‬
)‫ درجه‬43-85( MC-70 ‫سانتیگرید) باید‬
.‫ درجه) باشد‬60-100( RC-250 ‫یا‬
Cationic Emulsified Asphalt: AASHTO M 208
(ASTM D 2397)
Medium-curing cut back asphalt: AASHTO M 82
Rapid-curing cut back asphalt: AASHTO M 81
Bitumen with Viscosity grading AASHTO T202

127 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

10 or VG-10
The grade (with temperatures of application in
degrees C) shall be MC-70 (43 - 85 degrees) or RC-
250 (60 - 100 degrees).

303.3 Construction Operation ‫ اعمار‬303.3

303.3.1 Weather and Seasonal Limitations ‫ محدودیت اقلیم و فصل‬303.3.1
Bituminous primer shall not be applied to a wet )‫پرایم کوت نباید باالی سطح مرطوب (تر‬
surface or during a dust storm or when the ‫یا در هنگام خاکباد یا زمانیکه هوا‬
weather is foggy, rainy or windy or when the ‫ بادی یا زمانیکه‬،‫ بارانی‬،‫غبارآلود‬
temperature in the shade is less than 7℃. Surfaces ‫ درجه‬10 ‫درجه حرارت زیر سایه کمتر از‬
‫ سطوحیکه‬.‫سانتیگرید باشد تطبیق نگردد‬
which are to receive primer should be damp, but
‫باالی آن پرایم کوت تطبیق گردد باید‬
no free or standing water shall be present.
‫ اما آب ایستاده موجود‬،‫نم دار باشد‬
.‫نباشد‬

303.3.2 Equipment ‫ وسایل‬303.3.2

The primer distributor shall be a self-propelled or ‫توزیع کننده مواد پرایم کوت باید‬
towed bitumen pressure sprayer equipped for ‫نشرکننده فشاری خودرو یا دونوعی مجهز‬
spraying the material uniformly at specified rates ‫با وسایلی باشد که بتواند مواد را‬
and temperatures. Hand spraying of small areas, ‫بطور یکنواخت با میزان و درجه حرارت‬
inaccessible to the distributor, or in narrow strips ‫ در ساحات کوچک غیرقابل‬.‫مشخص پاش دهد‬
‫ یا در نوارهای‬،‫دسترس به توزیع کننده‬
shall be sprayed with a pressure hand sprayer, or
‫ پاش دهنده دستی یا طوریکه‬،‫باریک‬
as directed by the Engineer.
.‫انجنیر دستور دهد استفاده شود‬

303.3.3 Preparation of road surface ‫ آماده سازی سطح سرک‬303.3.3

Immediately before applying the bituminous ‫بالفاصله قبال از تطبیق مواد قیرگونه‬
material, all loose dirt and other objectionable ‫ تمام مواد سست و کثافات و‬،)‫(اسفالت‬
material shall be removed from the surface with a ‫دیگر مواد مورد اعتراض باید از سطح‬
power broom and/or blower as required. If the ‫سرک توسط جاروی برقی یا ماشین پوف‬
Engineer so orders, the surface shall be lightly ‫ هرگاه انجنیر‬.‫کننده (دمنده) دور گردد‬
‫ سطح باید کمی تیغ زده‬،‫چنین فرمان دهد‬
bladed and rolled immediately prior to the
‫شده و بالفاصله قبل از تطبیق اسفالت‬
application of bituminous material, in which case
‫ که درینصورت جارو یا پوف‬،‫تپک گردد‬
brooming or blowing will not be required. When so ‫ زمانیکه توسط‬.‫کردن ضرورت نخواهد بود‬
ordered by the Engineer a light application of ‫ یک کمی‬،‫انجنیر چنین فرمان داده شود‬
water shall be made just before the application of ‫آب فقط قبل از تطبیق اسفالت پاشیده‬
bituminous material. The area to be treated shall ‫ ساحه مورد بحث (زیرکار) قبل از‬.‫شود‬
be approved by the Engineer prior to application. ‫تطبیق (آبپاشی) باید توسط انجنیر قبول‬
.‫شده باشد‬

303.3.4 Application of bituminous primer ‫ تطبیق پرایم کوت‬303.3.4

Bituminous material shall be applied to the width ‫مواد قیرگونه باید به عرض مقطع که‬
of the section to be primed by means of a bitumen ‫قرار است پرایم کوت گردد توسط توزیع‬

128 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

distributor in a uniform, continuous spread. The ‫کننده بگونه یکنواخت و دوامدار پاشیده‬
rate of application shall be as specified in the ‫ میزان تطبیق (پرایم کوت) باید‬.‫شود‬
Drawings or as directed by the Engineer which ‫مطابق به آنچه در نقشه ها یا توسط‬
shall usually be in the range of 1.0 to 2.0 litter/sqm. ‫ معموال‬،‫انجنیر هدایت داده شده باشد‬
Care shall be taken that the application of ‫ باید‬.‫مترمربع‬/‫ لیتر‬2 ‫ یا‬1 ‫در محدوده‬
‫مواظب بود تا میزان تطبیق در نقطه‬
bituminous material at the junction of spreads is
‫اتصال (دو مسیر مجاور) از مقدار معینه‬
not in excess of the specified amount. Excess
‫ مواد قیرگونه (قیر) اضافه‬.‫زیاد نگردد‬
bituminous material shall be sponged from the ‫(از مقدار معینه) باید از سطح توسط‬
surface. Skipped areas or deficiencies shall be ‫ ساحات خالی (که پرایم‬.‫اسفنج دور گردد‬
corrected. Building paper shall be placed over the ‫کوت نشده باشد) و یا نواقص باید اصالح‬
end of the previous applications and the joining ‫ کاغذ ساختمانی روی ختم تطبیق‬.‫گردد‬
application shall start on the building paper. ‫(کار) قبلی انداخته شده و تطبیق‬
Building paper used shall be removed and ‫اتصالی (جدید) باید از باالی کاغذ‬
satisfactorily disposed of. ‫ کاغذ ساختمانی‬.‫ساختمانی شروع گردد‬
‫استفاده شده باید دور شده و بطور‬
‫رضایت بخش (درست) از ساحه جمع آوری‬
.‫گردد‬

303.3.5 Curing of primer and opening to traffic ‫ محافظت از پرایم کوت و گشایش‬303.3.5
‫به روی ترافیک‬
A primed surface shall be allowed to cure for at 24 ‫سطح پرایم کوت شده باید حد اقل‬
least 24 hours or such other period as is found to ‫ساعت یا چنین مدت دیگری که الزم‬
be necessary to allow all the volatiles to evaporate ‫پنداشته شود محافظت گردد تا تمام مواد‬
before any subsequent surface treatment or mix is )‫سبک (بخارشدنی با درجه حرارت اندک‬
laid. Any unabsorbed primer shall first be blotted ‫قبل از تطبیق (انداختن) اسفالت تبخیر‬
‫ پرایم کوت جذب ناشده باید اوال‬.‫شود‬
with an application of sand, using the minimum
‫ با استفاده‬،‫توسط تطبیق (پاشیدن) ریگ‬
quantity possible. A primed surface shall not be
‫ یک سطح‬.‫ پاک شود‬،‫کمترین مقدار ممکنه‬
opened to traffic other than that necessary to lay ‫پرایم کوت شده نباید بروی ترافیک باز‬
the next course. A very thin layer of clean sand may ‫ بغیر از ضرورت انداختن طبقه‬،‫گردد‬
be applied to the surface of the primer, to prevent ‫ شاید یک طبقه نازک ریگ پاک به‬.‫بعدی‬
the primer picking up under the wheels of the ‫روی سطح پرایم کوت تطبیق گردد‬
paver and the trucks delivering bituminous ‫(انداخته شود) تا از برداشته شدن‬
material on the paver. ‫پرایم کوت زیر چرخ پیور یا دمترک‬
‫(الری) که اسفالت را به پیور تحویل‬
‫میدهد جلوگیری گردد‬

303.4 Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬303.4

Prime coat shall be measured in terms of surface )‫پرایم کوت باید از نظر (به عباره‬
area of application in square meters. .‫ساحه تطبیق به مترمربع اندازه گردد‬

303 (1) Prime Coat sqm ‫مترمربع‬ ‫) پرایم کوت‬1( 303

303.5 Rates ‫ نرخ‬303.5

The Contract unit rate for prime coat shall be ‫نرخ فی واحد قرارداد برای پرایم کوت‬
payment in full for carrying out the required ‫باید تادیه کامل با درنظرداشت انجام‬
:‫اقدامات ضروری ذیل باشد‬

129 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

operation including full compensation for: ‫ به استثنای تدابیر‬،‫) تنظیم ترافیک‬i(

‫ شانه ها و‬،‫ابتدایی برای کناره ها‬
(i) Making arrangement for traffic except for ‫اعمار منحرف ها (مسیرهای بدیل‬
initial treatment to verges, shoulders and ،)‫هنگام ساخت و ساز‬
construction of diversions;
‫) آماده سازی تمام مواد آمیخته در‬ii(
‫ کرایه‬،‫ فیس‬،‫کار شامل حق االمتیاز‬
(ii) furnishing all materials to be
،‫در جای ضرورت و تمام لیدز و لفت‬
incorporated in the work including all
royalties, fees, rents where necessary ‫ وسایل و‬،‫ اسباب‬،‫) تمام کارگران‬iii(
and all leads and lifts; ‫فروعات جهت تکمیلی کار مطابق به‬
،‫مشخصات‬
(iii) all labor, tools, equipment and
incidentals to complete the work to the ‫) انجام کار قسمی در عرض سرک‬iv(
Specifications; ‫ و‬،‫جاییکه دستور داده شده باشد‬

(iv) carrying out the work in part widths of ‫) انجام تست های ضروری برای کنترول‬v(
road where directed; and ‫کیفیت‬

(v) carrying out the required tests for quality

control.

304 Tack Coat ‫ تک کوت‬304

304.1 Scope of Work ‫ حوزه‬304.1
This work shall consist of the application of a single ‫این کار باید شامل تطبیق یک رویه واحد‬
coat of low viscosity liquid bituminous material to ‫قیر مایع با لزجیت کم روی اسفالت‬
an existing bituminous road surface preparatory to ‫ زمانیکه در قرارداد ذکر‬،‫موجوده سرک‬
the superimposition of a bituminous mix, when ،‫شده یا توسط انجنیر رهنمایی شده باشد‬
specified in the Contract or instructed by the .‫گردد‬
Engineer.

304.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬304.2

304.2.1 Binder ‫ بایندر‬304.2.1
Bituminous material shall be of type and grade ‫مواد قیر مایع باید مطابق به نوع و‬
called for in the Drawings and shall conform to the ‫گرید که در نقشه ها نشان داده شده و‬
requirements of the specifications listed below. ‫مطابق به ضروریات مشخصات که ذیال ذکر‬
.‫گردیده است باشد‬
‫گرید (با تطبیق درجه حرارت به‬
)‫ درجه‬43-85( MC-70 ‫سانتیگرید) باید‬
.‫ درجه) باشد‬60-100( RC-250 ‫یا‬
Cationic Emulsified Asphalt: AASHTO M 208
(ASTM D 2397)
Rapid-curing cut back asphalt: AASHTO M 81
Medium-curing cut back asphalt: AASHTO M 82
Bitumen with Viscosity Grading AASHTO T202
10 or VG-10

130 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

The grade (with temperatures of application in

degrees C) shall be MC-70 (43 - 85 degrees) or RC-
250 (60 - 80 degrees).

304.3 Construction Operation ‫ اعمار‬304.3

304.3.1 Weather and Seasonal Limitations ‫ محدودیت اقلیم و فصل‬304.3.1
Bituminous material shall not be applied to a wet ‫تک کوت نباید باالی سطح مرطوب (تر) یا‬
surface or during a dust storm or when the ‫در هنگام خاکباد یا زمانیکه هوا‬
weather is foggy, rainy or windy or when the ‫ بادی یا زمانیکه‬،‫ بارانی‬،‫غبارآلود‬
temperature in the shade is less than 7℃. Where ‫ درجه‬10 ‫درجه حرارت زیر سایه کمتر از‬
the tack coat to be applied, the surface shall be dry ‫ سطوحیکه‬.‫سانتیگرید باشد تطبیق گردد‬
‫باالی آن تک کوت تطبیق گردد باید خشک‬
or slightly damp.
.‫ اما تر نباشد‬،‫یا کمی نم دار باشد‬
،‫جاییکه تک کوت اسفالت نوع کت بک باشد‬
.‫سطح باید خشک باشد‬

304.3.2 Equipment ‫ وسایل‬304.3.2

The tack coat distributor shall be of a self- ‫توزیع کننده مواد تک کوت باید‬
propelled or towed bitumen pressure sprayer, ‫نشرکننده فشاری خودرو یا دونوعی مجهز‬
equipped for spraying the material uniformly at a ‫با وسایلی باشد که بتواند مواد را‬
specified rate. Hand spraying of small areas, ‫بطور یکنواخت با میزان و درجه حرارت‬
inaccessible to the distributor, or in narrow strips, ‫ در ساحات کوچک غیرقابل‬.‫مشخص پاش دهد‬
‫ یا در نوارهای‬،‫دسترس به توزیع کننده‬
shall be sprayed with a pressure hand sprayer, or
‫ پاش دهنده دستی یا طوریکه‬،‫باریک‬
as directed by the Engineer.
.‫انجنیر دستور دهد استفاده شود‬

304.3.3 Preparation of base ‫ آماده سازی بیس‬304.3.3

The surface on which the tack coat is to be applied ‫سطح که باالی آن تک کوت تطبیق میگردد‬
shall be clean and free from dust, dirt and any ‫ کثافات‬،‫باید پاک و عاری از گردوخاک‬
extraneous material. Immediately before the ‫ بالفاصله قبل از‬.‫و مواد اضافی باشد‬
applications of the tack coat, the surface shall be ‫ سطح باید توسط جاروی‬،‫تطبیق تک کوت‬
swept clean with a mechanical broom, and high ‫میخانیکی یا جت هوا با فشار بلند یا‬
‫توسط روش های که توسط انجنیر دستور‬
pressure air jet, or by other means as directed by
.‫ پاک گردد‬،‫داده شده باشد‬
the Engineer.

304.3.4 Application of tack coat ‫ تطبیق تک کوت‬304.3.4

The application of tack coat shall be at the rate ‫تطبیق تک کوت باید به میزان که در‬
specified in the Contract, and shall be applied ‫ و باید‬،‫قرارداد ذکر گردیده است باشد‬
uniformly. If the rate of application of Tack Coat is .‫بگونه یکنواخت تطبیق (پاشیده) گردد‬
not specified in the Contract then it shall be at the ‫هرگاه میزان تطبیق تک کوت در قرارداد‬
rate within the range of 0.4 to 0.8 litter/sqm. The ‫ذکر نگردیده باشد در آنصورت میزان آن‬
‫ لیتر فی‬0.8 ‫ تا‬0.4 ‫باید در محدوده‬
normal range of spraying temperature for a
‫ محدوده نورمال دمای‬.‫مترمربع باشد‬
bituminous emulsion shall be 20℃ to 70℃ and for
70 ‫ تا‬20 ‫(درجه حرارت) سپری باید بین‬
a cutback, 50℃ to 80℃ if RC-250/MC-70 is used.
50 ‫درجه سانتیگراد برای قیر ایملشن و‬
The method of application of the tack coat will ‫ درجه سانتیگراد برای قیر کت بک‬80 ‫تا‬

131 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

depend on the type of equipment to be used, size .‫ استفاده شود باشد‬RC-70/MC-70 ‫هرگاه‬
of nozzles, pressure at the spray bar, and speed of ‫روش تطبیق تک کوت بستگی به نوع وسیله‬
forward movement. The Contractor shall ‫ فشار‬،‫ اندازه نیزل‬،‫که استفاده میشود‬
demonstrate at a spraying trial, that the .‫ و سرعت حرکت دارد‬،‫در میله سپری‬
equipment and method to be used is capable of ‫قراردادی در یک تطبیق آزمایشی باید‬
‫نشان بدهد که وسایل و روش را که‬
producing a uniform spray, within the tolerances
)‫استفاده مینماید توانایی (متضمن‬
specified.
‫ در محدوده دقت که مشخص‬،‫سپری یکنواخت‬
.‫شده است را دارد‬

304.3.5 Curing of tack coat ‫ محافظت از تک کوت‬304.3.5

The tack coat shall be left to cure until all the ‫تک کوت تا زمانی محافظت گردد که تمام‬
volatiles have been evaporated before any ‫مواد سبک (بخارشدنی با درجه حرارت‬
subsequent construction is started. No plant or ‫اندک) قبل از تطبیق ساختمان بعدی‬
vehicles shall be allowed on the tack coat other ‫ هیچ دستگاه یا عراده ی‬.‫تبخیر شود‬
than those essential for the construction. ‫نباید باالی تک کوت اجازه داده شود‬
‫بغیر از آنهاییکه بمنظور اعمار ضرورت‬
.‫باشد‬

304.4 Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬304.4

Tack coat shall be measured in terms of surface ‫تک کوت باید از نظر (به عباره) ساحه‬
area of application in square meters. .‫تطبیق به مترمربع اندازه گردد‬

304 (1) Tack Coat sqm (m2) ‫مترمربع‬ ‫) تک کوت‬1( 304

304.5 Rates ‫ نرخ‬304.5

The contract unit rate for tack coat shall be ‫نرخ فی واحد قرارداد برای پرایم کوت‬
payment in full for carrying out the required ‫باید تادیه کامل با درنظرداشت انجام‬
operations including full compensation for: :‫اقدامات ضروری ذیل باشد‬

(i) making arrangement for traffic to Clause ‫ به استثنای تدابیر‬،‫) تنظیم ترافیک‬i(
‫ شانه ها و‬،‫ابتدایی برای کناره ها‬
111 except for initial treatment to verges,
‫اعمار منحرف ها (مسیرهای بدیل‬
shoulders and construction of diversions;
،)‫هنگام ساخت و ساز‬

(ii) furnishing all materials to be ‫) آماده سازی تمام مواد آمیخته در‬ii(
incorporated in the work including all ‫ کرایه‬،‫ فیس‬،‫کار شامل حق االمتیاز‬
royalties, fees, rents where necessary ،‫در جای ضرورت و تمام لیدز و لفت‬
and all leads and lifts;
‫ وسایل و‬،‫ اسباب‬،‫) تمام کارگران‬iii(
(iii) all labors, tools, equipment and ‫فروعات جهت تکمیلی کار مطابق به‬
incidentals to complete the work to the ،‫مشخصات‬
Specifications;
‫) انجام کار قسمی در عرض سرک‬iv(
‫ و‬،‫جاییکه دستور داده شده باشد‬
(iv) carrying out the work in part widths of
road where directed; and
‫) انجام تست های ضروری برای کنترول‬v(

132 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

(v) carrying out the required tests for quality ‫کیفیت‬

control.

305 Seal Coat ‫ سیل کوت‬305

305.1 Scope of Work ‫ حوزه‬305.1
This work shall consist of the application of a seal
coat for sealing the voids in a bituminous surface
laid to the specified levels, grade and cross fall
(camber).
Seal coat shall be of either of the two types
specified below;

(a) Liquid seal coat comprising of an application of

a layer of bituminous binder followed by a
cover of stone chips.

(b) Premixed seal coat comprising of a thin

application of fine aggregate premixed with
bituminous binder.

305.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬305.2

305.2.1 Binder ‫ بایندر‬305.2.1
Bituminous material shall be of type and grade
called for in the Drawings and shall conform to the
requirements of the specifications listed below.

Rapid-curing cut back asphalt : AASHTO M 81

Medium-curing cut back asphalt: AASHTO M 82
Emulsified asphalt : AASTH M 140
Cationic emulsified asphalt : AASHTO M 208
Viscosity-graded asphalt cement : AASHTO M226

For liquid seal coat Rapid Setting (RS) grade of

cationic bitumen emulsion shall be used. Where
expressly specified in the Contract Slow Setting
(SS) grade emulsion shall be used or otherwise
directed by the Engineer. Slow Setting (SS) grade
cationic bitumen emulsion shall be used for premix
seal coat.
The quantity of bitumen per 10 square meters
shall be 9.8kg for liquid seal coat and 6.8kg for
premix seal coat. Where bituminous emulsion is
used as a binder, the quantities for liquid seal coat
and premix seal coat shall be 15 kg and 10.5kg
respectively.

133 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

305.2.2 Stone chips for liquid seal coat ‫ تراشه سنگ برای سیل کوت مایع‬305.2.2
The stone chips shall consist of angular fragments ‫تراشه سنگ باید متشکل از پارچه های‬
of clean, hard, tough and durable rock of uniform ‫ محکم و صخره‬،‫ سخت‬،‫گوشه دار پاک‬
quality throughout. They should be free of soft or ‫ آنها‬.‫بادوام با کیفیت یکنواخت باشد‬
disintegrated stone, organic or other deleterious ،‫پارچه‬-‫باید عاری از سنگ نرم و پارچه‬
matter. Stone chips shall be of 6.7mm size defined .‫مواد عضوی و دیگر مواد زیان آور باشد‬
‫ با‬6.7mm ‫تراشه سنگ باید به سایز‬
as 100 percent passing through 11.2mm sieve and
‫ فیصدی از غربال‬100 ‫تعریف عبور‬
retained on 2.36mm sieve. The quantity used for
.‫ باشد‬2.36mm ‫ و حفظ روی غربال‬11.2mm
spreading shall be 0.09 cubic meter per 10 square
‫ ساحه‬10m2 ‫ فی‬0.09m3 ‫مقدار نشر باید‬
meter area. The chips shall satisfy the quality ‫ این تراشه ها باید ضروریات‬.‫باشد‬
requirements in the following table. ‫کیفیت که در جدول ذیل ذکر گردیده است‬
.‫را برآورده نماید‬

Table 305-1 Physical Requirement for Stone

Chips for liquid Seal Coat
Property Test Specification
Max 5%
Grain size passing
Cleanliness
analysis 0.075mm
sieve
Flakiness and
elongation
Particle shape Max 30%
index
(Combined)
Los Angels
Abrasion Value Max 40%
Strength
Aggregate Max 30%
Impact value
Soundness
Sodium
Durability Sulphate Max 12%
Magnesium Max 18%
Sulphate
Water Water
Max 1%
absorption absorption
Coating and
stripping of Minimum
Stripping bitumen retained
aggregate coating 95%
mixtures
Retained
Water
Tensile Min 80%
sensitivity
Strength

134 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

305.2.3 Aggregate for premix seal coat -‫ اگریگیت برای سیل کوت پیش‬305.2.3
‫مخلوط‬
The aggregate shall be sand or grit and shall consist ‫اگریگیت باید ریگ یا سنگریزه بوده و‬
of clean, hard, durable, uncoated dry particles and ،‫باید متشکل از ذرات ناپوشیده خشک‬
shall be free from dust, soft or flaky/elongated ‫ و عاری از گرد و‬،‫ پاک‬،‫ سخت‬،‫بادوام‬
material, organic matter or other deleterious ‫ مواد‬،‫ مواد نرم و نازک و گرد‬،‫خاک‬
substances. The aggregate shall pass 2.36mm sieve ‫ این‬.‫عضوی یا دیگر مواد زیان آور باشد‬
‫ عبور و‬2.36mm ‫اگریگیت باید از غربال‬
and be retained on 180 micron sieve. The quantity
‫ مقدار که برای‬.‫ بماند‬180μ ‫باالی غربال‬
used for premixing shall be 0.06 cubic meter per
0.06m3 ‫مخلوط استفاده میشود باید‬-‫پیش‬
10 square meter area.
.‫ مساحت باشد‬10m2 ‫در‬

305.3 Construction Operations ‫ اعمار‬305.3

305.3.1 Weather and seasonal limitations
Laying of seal coat shall be suspended while free-
standing water is present on the surface to be
covered, or during rain, fog and dust storms. Laying
shall not be carried out when the air temperature
at the surface is below 7℃ or when the wind speed
at any temperature exceeds 40km/hr at 2m height
unless specifically approved by the Engineer.

305.3.2 Preparation of surface

The seal coat shall be applied immediately after
laying the bituminous course which is required to
be sealed. Before application of seal coat
materials, the surface shall be cleaned free of any
dust or other extraneous matter.

305.3.3 Construction of liquid seal coat

Bitumen shall be heated to 150℃-163℃ and
sprayed at the rate specified on the dry surface in
a uniform manner with a self-propelled
mechanical sprayer.
Immediately after the application of binder, stone
chips, which shall be clean and dry, shall be spread
uniformly at the rate specified on the surface
preferably by means of a self-propelled or towed
mechanical grit spreader so as to cover the surface
completely. If necessary, the surface shall be
brushed to ensure uniform spread of chips.
Immediately after the application of the cover
material, the entire surface shall be rolled with a

135 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

80-100 kN smooth wheeled steel roller, 80-100 kN

static weight vibratory roller, or other equipment
approved by the Engineer after laying trials if
required. Rolling shall commence at the edges and
progress towards the center except in super
elevated and uni-directional cambered portions
where it shall proceed from the lower edge to the
higher edge. Each pass of the roller shall uniformly
overlap not less than one third of the track made
in the preceding pass. While rolling is in progress,
additional chips shall be spread by hand in
necessary quantities required to make up
irregularities. Rolling shall continue until all
aggregate particles are firmly embedded in the
binder and present a uniform closed surface.

305.3.4 Construction of premix seal coat

A mixer of appropriate capacity and type approved
by the Engineer shall be used for preparation of
the mixed material. The plant shall have separate
dryer arrangements for heating aggregate.
The binder shall be heated in boilers of suitable
design, approved by the Engineer to the
temperature appropriate to the grade of bitumen
or as directed by the Engineer. The aggregates shall
be dry and suitably heated to a temperature
between 150℃ and 165℃ or as directed by the
Engineer before these components are placed in
the mixer. Mixing of binder with aggregates to the
specified proportions shall be continued until the
latter are thoroughly coated with the former.
The mix shall be immediately transported from the
mixing plant to the point of use and spread
uniformly on the bituminous surface to be sealed.
As soon as a sufficient length has been covered
with premixed material, the surface shall be rolled
with an 80-100 kN smooth-wheeled roller. Rolling
shall be continued until premixed material
completely seals the voids in the bituminous
course and a smooth uniform surface is obtained.

305.4 Opening to traffic ‫ گشایش به روی ترافیک‬305.4

In the case of premixed seal coat, traffic may be
allowed soon after final rolling when the premised

136 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

material has cooled down to the surrounding

temperature. In the case of liquid seal coat, traffic
shall not be permitted to run on any newly sealed
area until the following day. In special
circumstances, however, the Engineer may open
the road to traffic immediately after rolling, but in
such cases traffic speed shall be rigorously limited
to 16 km per hour until the following day.

305.5 Method of Measurement ‫ روش اندازه گیری‬305.5

When seal coat is indicated in the Bill of Quantities,
it shall be measured as finished work, over the
area specified to be covered, in square meters at
the thickness specified in the Contract.

305 (1) Seal Coat sqm

305.6 Rates ‫ نرخ‬305.6

The contract unit rate for seal coat shall be
payment in full for carrying out the required
operations including full compensation for

(i) making arrangement for traffic;

(ii) furnishing all materials to be

incorporated in the work including all
royalties, fees, rents where necessary
and all leads and lifts;

(iii) all labor, tools, equipment and

incidentals to complete the work to the
Specifications;

(iv) carrying out the work in part widths of

road where directed; and

(v) carrying out the required tests for quality

control.

306 Asphalt Concrete )‫ اسفالت کانکریت (اسفالت‬306

306.1 Scope of Work ‫ حوزه‬306.1
This clause specifies the construction of Asphalt ‫این ماده (چگونگی) اعمار اسفالت را‬
Concrete, for use in surface and profile corrective ‫برای استفاده پوشش سطح و اصالح پروفیل‬
courses. This work shall consist of construction in ‫ این کار شامل اعمار‬.‫سطح مشخص میسازد‬

137 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

single or multiple layers of asphalt concrete on a ‫یک یا چندین طبقه اسفالت باالی سطح قبال‬
previously prepared bituminous surface. A single ‫آماده شده قیرگون (پرایم کوت یا تک‬
layer shall be 25 mm to 100 mm in thickness. ‫ ضخامت یک طبقه واحد باید‬.‫کوت) میباشد‬
.‫ باشد‬100mm ‫ تا‬25mm ‫بین‬

306.2 Materials ‫ مواد‬306.2

306.2.1 Bitumen ‫ قیر‬306.2.1
The bitumen shall be asphalt cement for pavement )‫قیر (سمنت اسفالت برای اعمار فرش‬
construction grade AC-10 (penetration 70-80), or ‫ با نفوذپذیری‬AC-10 ‫باید دارای گرید‬
having viscosity grading 30 (VG-30) and/or used ‫ یا‬AASHTO M226 ‫ باشد که با‬70-80
Performance Grade of bitumen complying with ‫معادل آن که مطابقت با کودها و‬
AASHTO M226, AASHTO T202 or equivalent ‫ستندردهای بین المللی که به تایید‬
.‫ مطابقت کند‬،‫انجنیر رسیده باشد‬
complying with other international codes and
standards approved by the Engineer.

306.2.2 Coarse aggregates ‫ اگریگیت بزرگدانه‬306.2.2

The coarse aggregates shall consist of crushed ‫اگریگیت بزرگدانه باید متشکل از سنگ‬
rock, crushed gravel or other hard material ‫ جغل میده شده یا دیگر مواد‬،‫میده شده‬
retained on the 2.36 mm sieve. They shall be clean, .‫ بماند باشد‬2.36mm ‫سخت که باالی غربال‬
hard and durable, of cubical shape, free from dust ‫ در شکل‬،‫ سخت و بادوام‬،‫آنها باید پاک‬
and soft or friable matter, organic or other ‫ و عاری از گرد وخاک و مواد‬،‫های مکعبی‬
‫نرم و شکننده و مواد عضوی یا دیگر‬
deleterious substances. Where the Contractor’s
‫ جاییکه (در‬.‫مواد زیان آور باشد‬
selected source of aggregates have poor affinity
‫مواردیکه) منبع انتخاب شده قراردادی‬
for bitumen, as a condition for the approval of that ‫برای اگریگیت دارای جذب ضعیف قیر‬
source, the bitumen shall be treated with an ‫ قیر‬،‫ به عنوان شرط قبولی منبع‬،‫باشد‬
approved anti-stripping agent, as per the ‫برهنه قبول شده‬-‫باید با یک عامل ضد‬
manufacture’s recommendations, without ‫مطابق به سفارش تولید کننده و بدون‬
additional payment. Before approval of the source, ‫ قبل‬.‫ بهبود (درمان) یابد‬،‫تادیه اضافی‬
the aggregates shall be tested for stripping. The ‫ اگریگیت باید برای‬،‫از تایید منبع‬
aggregates shall satisfy the physical requirements ‫ اگریگیت باید‬.‫برهنگی تست گردد‬
specified in the following Table. ‫ضروریات فزیکی را که در جدول ذیل مشخص‬
.‫گردیده است برآورده نماید‬
Table 306-1 Physical requirements for Coarse
Aggregate for Asphalt Concrete Pavement
Property Test Specification
Max 5%
Grain size
Cleanliness passing 0.0075
analysis
mm sieve
Flakiness and
Elongation
Particle shape Max. 30%
Index
(Combined)
Los Angels
Max 30%
Strength Abrasion Value
Max 24%
Aggregate

138 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

Impact Value
Polished Stone
Polishing Min 55
Value
Soundness
Sodium
Durability Sulphate Max 12%
Magnesium Max 18%
Sulphate
Water Water
Max 2%
absorption absorption
Coating and
stripping of Minimum
Stripping bitumen retained
aggregate coating 95%
mixtures
Retained
Water
tensile Min 80%
sensitivity
strength

306.2.3 Fine aggregates ‫ اگریگیت ریز دانه‬306.2.3

Fine aggregates shall consist of crushed or ‫اگریگیت ریز دانه باید متشکل از مواد‬
naturally occurring mineral material, or a ‫ یا ترکیب‬،‫منرالی میده شده یا طبیعی‬
combination of the two, passing the 2.36mm sieve ‫ عبور و‬2.36mm ‫ازین دو که از غربال‬
and retained on the 75 micron sieve. They shall be ‫ آنها باید‬.‫ بماند باشد‬75μ ‫باالی غربال‬
clean, hard, durable, dry and free from dust and ‫ و عاری از گرد‬،‫ سخت و بادوام‬،‫پاک‬
soft or friable matter, organic or other deleterious ‫وخاک و مواد نرم و شکننده و مواد عضوی‬
.‫یا دیگر مواد زیان آور باشد‬
matter.
‫مقدار معادل ریگ اگریگیت ریز دانه‬
The fine aggregate shall have a sand equivalent
‫ مطابق به‬،‫ نباشد‬50 ‫باید کمتر از‬
value of not less than 50 when tested in
‫ یا کودهای دیگری بین‬AASHTO T176
accordance with AASHTO T176 or other equivalent ‫المللی که از طرف انجنیر تایید شده‬
international codes and standards approved by the .‫باشد‬
Engineer. ‫شاخصه پالستیک قسمتیکه از غربال‬
The plasticity index of the fraction passing the 4 ‫ عبور کند باید بیشتر از‬0.425 mm
0.425 mm sieve shall not exceed 4 when tested in ‫ یا‬AASHTO T89 & T90 ‫ مطابق به‬،‫نگردد‬
accordance with AASHTO T89 and T90 or other ‫کودهای دیگری بین المللی که از طرف‬
equivalent international codes and standards .‫انجنیر تایید شده باشد‬
approved by the Engineer.

306.2.4 Filler ‫ فیلر‬306.2.4

Filler shall consist of finely divided mineral matter ‫فیلر باید شامل مواد منرالی ریز مثل‬
such as rock dust, slug dust, hydrated lime, ،‫ آهک آبدار‬،‫فلز‬/‫ گرد سلگ‬،‫گرد سنگ‬
hydraulic cement, fly ash or other suitable ‫ یا مواد مناسب دیگر که از طرف‬،‫سمت‬
materials approved by the Engineer. .‫ باشد‬،‫انجینر تایید شده باشد‬
The filler shall be graded within the limits indicated ‫دانه بندی فیلر باید در محدوده های‬
AASHTO ‫ مطابق به‬،‫ذکر شده جدول ذیل‬

139 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

in the following Table in accordance with AASHTO .‫ باشد‬،ASTM D242 ‫ یا‬M17

M17 or ASTM D242.

Table 306-2 Grading Requirements for Mineral

Filler (AASHTO M17)
Sieve Designation Percent passing by mass
(mm)
1.18 100
0.6 97-100
0.3 95-100
0.075 70-100

The filler shall be free from organic impurities and ‫فیلر باید عاری از کثافات عضوی بوده‬
have plasticity index not greater than 4. The .‫ نباشد‬4 ‫و شاخصه پالستیک آن بیشتر از‬
plasticity index requirement shall not apply if filler ‫ضروریات شاخصه پالستیک نباید باالی فیلر‬
is cement or lime. When the coarse aggregate is .‫که سمت یا آهک باشد قابل تطبیق باشد‬
gravel, 2 percent by weight of total aggregate, shall ،‫زمانیکه اگریگیت بزرگ دانه جغل باشد‬
‫ باید سمت‬،‫ فیصد وزن کل اگریگیت‬2
be Portland cement or hydrated lime and the
‫پورتلند یا آهک آبدار باشد و فیصدی‬
percentage of fine aggregate reduced accordingly.
‫اگریگیت ریز دانه متناسب به آن کاهش‬
Cement or hydrated lime is not required when the
‫ زمانیکه اگریگیت سنگ آهک‬.‫یابد‬
limestone aggregate is used. Where the ‫ سمت و آهک آبدار ضرورت‬،‫استفاده شود‬
aggregates fail to meet the requirements of the ‫ جاییکه اگریگیت ضروریات حساسیت‬.‫نیست‬
water sensitivity test in Table 306-1, then 2 percent ‫ ذکر گردیده‬1-305 ‫آب را که در جدول‬
by total weight of aggregate of hydrated lime shall ‫ فیصد وزن کل‬2 ‫ پس‬،‫است پوره ننماید‬
be added without additional cost. ‫ بدون هزینه‬،‫اگریگیت سنگ آهک آبدار‬
.‫ عالوه گردد‬،‫اضافی‬

306.2.5 Aggregate grading and binder content ‫ دانه بندی اگریگیت و مقدار‬306.2.5
‫بایندر‬
The combined grading of the coarse and fine ‫دانه بندی کلی اگریگیت بزرگدانه و‬
aggregates and added filler shall fall within the ‫ریزدانه و فیلر عالوه شده باید در‬
limits shown in the following Table unless ‫محدوده که در جدول ذیل نشان داده شده‬
otherwise directed by the Engineer. ‫ مگر اینکه طوری دیگری توسط‬،‫است باشد‬
.‫انجنیر رهنمایی شده باشد‬
Table 306-3 Aggregate Gradation for Hot Asphalt
Mixes (Asphalt Institute Manual No. 22)
% Passing by Weight
Sieve Asphalt Concrete Asphalt Concrete
size Surface Course (AI Binder Course (AI
(mm) MS 22-12.5mm) MS 22-19mm)
Min. Max. Min. Max.
37.5 - - - -
25.4 - - 100 100
19 100 100 90 100

140 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

12.5 90 100 - -
9.5 - - 56 80
4.75 44 74 35 65
2.36 28 58 23 49
1.18 - - - -
0.60 - - - -
0.30 5 21 5 19
0.075 3 8 3 8

306.3 Mixture Design )‫ دیزاین مخلوط (اسفالت‬306.3

306.3.1 Requirements for the mixture ‫ ضروریات مخلوط‬306.3.1
Apart from conformity with the grading and ‫جدا از تطابق با دانه بندی و ضروریات‬
quality requirements for individual ingredients, ‫ مخلوط‬،)‫مرکبه‬/‫کیفیت برای هر جز (عنصر‬
the mixture shall meet the requirement set out in ‫باید ضروریات را که در جدول ذیل نشان‬
the following Table. .‫داده شده است پوره نماید‬

Table 306-4 Mix Property Requirement

Asphalt Concrete

Asphalt Concrete
Surface Course

Binder Course

Mix Properties

Total Bitumen Content:

(% by weight of total mix)
min.

4.0% 4.0%
(AI MS-22 2nd Ed. Table
2.05) (These percentages
shall be considered
"effective" content
max.

6.5% 6.0%
calculated as max. per AI
MS-2)
Marshall Specimens:
(AI MS-22 2nd Ed. Table
75 75
3.07) Number of blows each
end Specimen
8,000N

8,000N
min.

Stability
2 mm

2mm
min.

Flow

141 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

5 mm

5 mm
max.
min.
3.0% 3.0%

Air Voids
max.
5.0% 5.0%

Air Voids at Refusal Density

min.

(Refusal Marshall 2.0% 2.0%

Compaction)

Voids in the Mineral

min.

14% 13%.
Aggregate (VMA)
min.

65% 65%
Voids filled with Asphalt
(VFA)
max.

78% 78%

Retained Marshall Stability

min.

70% 70%
(AASHTO T-165)

All volumetric Marshall properties are to be ‫تمام خواص حجمی مارشال طوریکه در فصل‬
calculated as shown in the Asphalt Institute’s MS- ‫ رهنمای انستیوت‬،MS-2 ،6 ‫ چاپ‬،4
2 6th edition Chapter 4. ‫ محاسبه‬،‫اسفالت نشان داده شده است‬
.‫شود‬

306.3.2 Binder content ‫ مقدار بایندر‬306.3.2

The binder content shall be optimized to achieve ‫برای بدست آوردن ضروریات مخلوط که در‬
the requirements of the mixture set out in Table ‫ مقدار‬،‫ تعین شده است‬4-305 ‫جدول‬
306-4. The Marshall method for determining the ‫ روش مارشال‬.‫بایندر باید بهینه شود‬
optimum binder contents shall be adopted as ‫ طوریکه‬،‫برای تعین مقدار بهینه بایندر‬
described in the Asphalt Institute Manual MS-2, MS-2 ‫در رهنمای انستتیوت اسفالت‬
‫ با‬،‫ باید اقتباس گردد‬،‫تشریح شده است‬
replacing the aggregates retained on 26.5 mm
‫جایگزین کردن اگریگیت که روی غربال‬
sieve and retained on the 22.4 mm sieve, where
‫ با‬،‫ میماند‬22.4 mm ‫ و‬26.5 mm ‫های‬
approved by the Engineer.
.‫تصدیق انجنیر‬

142 | S e c t i o n 3
Section 3: Road Works General Technical Specification

306.3.3 Job mix formula ‫ فارمول جاب مکس‬305.3.3

The Contractor shall inform the Engineer in 20 ‫ حد اقل‬،‫قراردادی باید انجنیر را‬
writing, at least 20 days before the start of the ‫ از‬،‫ بطور کتبی‬،‫روز قبل از شروع کار‬
work, of the job mix formula proposed for use in ‫فارمول جاب مکس پیشنهادی برای کار‬
the works, and shall give the following details; ‫ و ب