Case Study: The Ongoing Air Pollution Crisis in
Delhi, India
Environmental Issue : Severe Air Pollution in Delhi NCR
1. Current Status (as of 2025):
Delhi remains one of the most polluted cities in the world. In winter 2024–2025,
AQI (Air Quality Index) levels often reached severe (400+), with thick smog and
reduced visibility causing health and logistical problems.
Causes
1. Vehicular emissions (cars, trucks, diesel buses)
2. Stubble burning in neighboring states (Punjab, Haryana)
3. Industrial pollution
4. Dust from construction
5. Lack of green spaces
Key Affected Areas:
Environmental :Degradation of air quality, impact on flora, fauna,
and climate change.
Health and Social: Rising respiratory diseases, asthma, eye
irritation, school closures, decreased outdoor activity.
Economic: Increased healthcare costs, loss of productivity,
tourism decline.
Technological:Use of air purifiers, green technology in
construction, anti-smog guns, and real-time AQI monitoring apps.
Political :Inter-state blame games between Delhi and neighboring
states; central government’s involvement.
Government and Stakeholder Response:
Delhi Government introduced electric buses, smog towers,
and free metro rides for women to reduce vehicle usage.
Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) implemented GRAP to
reduce pollution based on AQI.
NGOs and citizens promoted plantation drives and
awareness campaigns.
Legal bodies enforced penalties for violating pollution norms.
Management Lessons:
Environmental issues need inter-state and inter-sector
collaboration.
Legal frameworks must be supported by effective
implementation.
Public participation and awareness are key to success.
Sustainable urban planning and use of green tech can make
long-term improvements.
Conclusion:
Air pollution in Delhi is not just an environmental issue—it’s a multi-domain
crisis. Solving it requires cooperation between government, citizens, scientists,
industries, and courts. Effective management principles like coordination,
leadership, planning, and flexibility are essential to address such complex
problems.