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STANDARDIZED EXAMINATION
ELECTIVE CHEMISTRY
TEL: 0248214804 / 0501202599
TIME ALLOWED: 2HOURS DATE: 27TH MAY, 2024.
SECTION A [30 marks]
Answer all questions in this section

1. Which of the following will react both sodium I the colour in acid solution is red.
hydroxide and tetraosulphate (VI) acid II the colour in alkaline solution is red
I. Al and Zn III addition of excess acid will push its
II. Al2O3 and Pb(OH)2
equilibrium position to the left.
III. NaCl and Al
IV. Al(OH)3 and Fe IV addition of excess base will shift the
A. I equilibrium position to the right to
B. II, I produce red colour.
C. III, I Which of the above is true?
D. IV, II A. I
B. II, IV
2. Which of the following represent a complex ion? C. II, III, IV
A. [Fe(CN)6]4- D. IV, I
B. K3[Fe(CN)6]
C. KAl(SO4)2 7. Methanoic acid is a weaker acid than
D. N3- trioxonitrate (V) acid because it is
3. An aqueous solution of a substance extracted A. more dissociated.
from a plant tastes bitter and has pH of 8. The B. an organic acid
solution will therefore C. a mineral acid
A. turns blue litmus red. D. less dissociated in solution.
B. turn red litmus blue.
C. give an effervescence with Na2CO3. 8. The conjugate base of the species 𝐻𝑆𝑂4− is
D. will have on effect on methyl orange. A. H2SO4
B. H-
4. Which of the following is a double salt? C. 𝑆𝑂42−
A. (Fe(NH4)2(SO4).6H2O D. 𝑂𝐻 −
B. KH2PO4 9. Copper (II) tetraoxosulphate (VI) in its anhydrous
C. Mg(OH)Cl form is white. It is used to test for water because
D. Na2SO4.10H2O it is:
A. red when hydrated
5. Which of the following is not a characteristic B. blue when hydrated
property of acid?
C. deliquescent
A. turns blue litmus red.
B. produce ammonia gas on reacting with an D. efflorescent.
ammonium salt.
C. reacts with base to form salt and water only 10. The basicity of ethanoic and tetraoxosulphate (v)
D. undergoes neutralization reactions. are respectively:
A. 3, 1
6. The equilibrium reaction of an acid-base B. 3, 2
indicator in water may be show as: C. 1, 2
HPh(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ H3O+(aq) + Ph-(aq) D. 1, 3
colourless red
 16. Ethanoic acid is a
11. By the Lewis concept, an acid accepts A. stronger
A. a proton B. weaker
B. an electron C. equal in strength
C. a lone electron pair D. more dissociated acid than the 𝐻𝑆𝑂4− ion.
D. a hydrogen ion.
17. The acid, [H+] in 0.10M 𝐻𝑆𝑂4− at 298K will be
12. Which of the following statement is true about A. 0.00618M
acids bases? B. 0.0124M
I An Arrhenius acid releases hydrogen ions in C. 0.00600M
aqueous solutions. D. 0.00124M
II A Bronsted-Lowry acid is a proton acceptor.
III A Lewis base is an electron pair donor. 18. The ion 𝐶6 𝐻5 𝑁𝐻3+ behaves in a similar way to
IV A Lewis acid is an electron pair acceptor. 𝑁𝐻4+ because both
A. I, III I hydrolyse in water to give basic solutions.
B. I, II II neutralize acids to give salt and water only.
C. I, III, IV III hydrolyse in water to hydroxonium, H3O+ ions.
D. II, IV IV ions are cations of weak bases.
A. I
13. The acid concentration of an aqueous solution B. I, II
of a chemical is 0.00001 moldm-3. The pH of C. III, IV
the solution is D. II, III
A. 3
B. 4 19. An aqueous solution of NaCl is neutral whilst
C. 5 that of AlCl3 is acidic. This can be explained as
D. 6 follows:
A. the ions in NaCl do not hydrolyse but all
14. An aqueous solution of a substance has a pH of the ions in AlCl3 hydrolyses.
10. The solution B. the cation in AlCl3 hydrolyses
I has pOH of 4 C. the anion in AlCl3 hydrolyses.
II is basic D. only the cation in NaCl hydrolyses.
III has a hydrogen ion concentration of
1.0 x 10-10 M. 20. As a result of the reaction between Na2CO3 and
IV will turn litmus red. water the solution is
A. I, II, IV A. neutral
B. I, II, III, B. acidic
C. II, III, IV C. alkaline
+
D. I, III, IV D. of the same pH as 𝑁𝑎(𝑎𝑞) in the salt.

15. The pH of 0.05M H2SO4 is 21. The pH of saliva is found to be 6.6. Its hydrogen
A. 1 ion concentration is
B. 2 A. 11.5 𝑥10−7
C. 3
B. 1.5 𝑥10−6
D. 4
C. 2.5 𝑥10−7
𝐻𝑆𝑂4− is an acid salt anion which behaves as acid. D. 2.5 𝑥10−10
Its Ka = 1 x 10-2 moldm-3 and that of ethanoic acid is
1.7 x 10-5 moldm-3 at 298K.
Answer questions 16 and 17
22. Blood buffer contains the following species 29. The following will not have effect on blue
A. −𝑁𝐻3+ , −𝐶𝑂𝑂− , 𝐶𝑂2, 𝐻𝐶𝑂3− litmus paper except
B. −𝑁𝐻3+ , 𝐻 + , −𝐶𝑂𝑂− , 𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻 A. Washing soda
C. −𝑁𝐻3+ , 𝑁𝐻4+ , 𝐶𝑙 − B. Caustic soda
D. −𝐶𝑂𝑂− , 𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻, 𝐻𝐶𝑙 C. Sodium chloride
D. Trioxonitrate (V) acid.
23. 4g of sodium hydroxide dissolved in 250 cm3
of distilled water. Find the pH of the solution. 30. The number of lone pairs of electrons present
[Na = 23, O = 16, H = 1.0] in PCl3 is
A. 12.00 A. 3
B. 13.60 B. 4
C. 7.40 C. 2
D. 6.60 D. 1.

24. The conjugate base of HS- is

A. H2S
B. S2- END OF OBJECTIVE TEST
C. H+
D. HSO4-

25. BCl3 in the acid-base reaction

𝐵𝐶𝑙3 + 𝐶𝑙 − → 𝐵𝐶𝑙4− behaves as
A. Arrhenius base
B. Bronsted - Lowry acid
C. Lewis base
D. Lewis acid.

26. The following are strong mineral acid except

A. H2SO3
B. HCl
C. HNO3
D. H2SO4

27. The basicity of HOOCCH2CH2COOH is

A. 2
B. 4
C. 6
D. 1

28. The name of the reaction;

Na2CO3(s) + H2O(l) → HCO3-(aq) + OH-(aq) + 2Na+
A. Neutralization
B. Esterification
C. Substitution
D. Hydrolysis.
 SECTION B
Answer all questions in this section
[30 marks]
1. (a) (i) Write an expression for the term pH.
(ii) Calculate the concentration of tetraoxosulphate (VI) acid which a pH value of 0.36.
[4 marks]
(b) (i) Explain why a hydrogen ion can not exist free in an aqueous solution?
(ii) Calculate the pH of 0.02 moldm-3 barium hydroxide [Ba(OH)2] [5 marks]

(c) (i) Carbonic acid is a weak mineral acid. Write an equilibrium expression when it dissolves in
water.
(ii) Explain why does a strong Bronsted-Lowry acid has a weak conjugate base? [4 marks]

(d) Calculate the molarity of methanoic acid, (HCOOH) which has pH value of 3 and Ka of
1.60 x 10-4 moldm-3. [5 marks]

(e) What do you understand by term amphoteric? Show with help equations how water is
amphoteric in nature. [2 marks]
(f) Name one (1) example of aqueous solution of normal salt which is
(α) Acidic
(β) Basic
(γ) Neutral [3 marks]

(g) Name the suitable method for preparation of the following salt
(α) PbSO4
(β) NaNO3
(γ) AlCl3 [3 marks]
(h) Use the table below to answer the questions that follows.

Acid - base indicator Working pH range

P 9 − 11
Q 2 − 4
R 6.2 − 8.2

Select an indicator(s) that can be used in the following acid-base titrations

(i) NaOH(aq) against CH3COOH(aq)
(ii) Na2CO3(s) against HCl(aq)
(iii) KOH(aq) against H2SO4(aq) [4 marks]

SECTION C
Answer two (2) questions only in this section
[20 marks]
2. (a) (i) Define each of the following terms:
(α) Bronsted-Lowry acid
(β) Lewis acid.

(ii) Identify the acid at the left side of the equation and classify as Bronsted-Lowry, Arrhenius
or Lewis acid. Give reason in each case to support your answer.
 3+
(α) 𝑃𝑡(𝑎𝑞) −
+ 6𝐶𝑙(𝑎𝑞) [𝑃𝑡(𝐶𝑙)6 ]3−
(𝑎𝑞)
− 2− +
(β) 𝐻𝑆𝑂(𝑎𝑞) + 𝐻2 𝑂(𝑙) 𝑆𝑂4(𝑎𝑞) + 𝐻3 𝑂(𝑎𝑞)
(γ) 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻(𝑎𝑞) + 𝑁𝐻3(𝑎𝑞) 𝑁𝑎𝑁𝐻2(𝑎𝑞) + 𝐻2 𝑂(l)
[10 marks]
3 3
(b) 40 cm of 0.5 M HCl is mixed with 60 cm of 0.9 M Ca(OH)2 solution. Calculate the pH of the
final solution. [8 marks]

(c) What is meant by hydrolysis of an ion? [2 marks]

3. (a) (i) Give the IUPAC name and formula of three (3) mineral acids
(ii) Which of the acid is found in human body and what work does it do?
(iii) Which of the acids can be manufactured from sulphur?
(iv) Give two (2) reasons why the mineral acids have to be handled with care.
[11 marks]
-3
(b) The pH of 0.05 moldm of weak acid HX is 3.55. Calculate
(i) Ka of the acid.
(ii) pKa.
(iii) percentage dissociation. [8 marks]

(c) What is basicity of an acid? [2 marks]

4. (a) (i) Explain briefly the term conjugate acid-base pair.

(ii) Select from the following species, acid-base conjugate pairs, indicating the acid and the base.
𝐻2 , 𝑂2− , 𝐻𝑃𝑂42− , 𝑁𝐻3 , 𝑂𝐻 − , 𝐻2 𝑂, 𝑁3− , 𝐻2 𝑃𝑂4, 𝐻 − [10 marks]

(b) In terms of Bronsted-Lowry concept, write equilibrium reactions to show how each of the
following can acts as acid in aqueous solution; 𝐻𝐶2 𝑂4− , 𝐶2 𝐻5 𝑁𝐻3+ and 𝐴𝑙(𝐻2 𝑂)3+
6 .
[6 marks]
(c) Copy and complete the following reactions
(α) 𝑁𝑎2 𝐶𝑂3(𝑠) + 𝐻𝐶𝑙(𝑎𝑞)
(β) 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻(𝑎𝑞) + (𝑁𝐻4 )𝑆𝑂4(𝑠) [4 marks]