NURSE AS EDUCATOR (Instructional Methods) • Highly structured meethod

• Which the educator verbally transmits

Objectives: After this presentation, the students
information directly to a group learners
will be able to:
for the purpose of instruction.
1. Define the term teaching method • Oldest most often used
2. Explain the various types of teteachi • Latin "legre", which means to "to read"
methods • According to Silverman (2006), 5
3. Describe how to use each method approaches to the effective transfer of
effectively knowledge during a lecture.
4. Identify the advantages and limitations 1) Use opening and summary
of each method. statements.
2) Present key terms.
TEACHING METHOD 3) Offer examples.
4) Use analogies.
• The way information is taught that
5) Use visual backups.
brings the learner into contact with
• Each lecture should include 3 main part:
what is to be learned.
➢ Introduction
Eaxamples: ➢ Body
➢ Conclusion
✓ Lecture
✓ Group Discussion More advantages and limitations of Lecture
✓ One-to-one instruction
Advantages Limitations
✓ Demo and return demo
• •
✓ Gaming Efficient, cost-effective Ineffective in influencing
affective and
✓ Simulation psychomotor

✓ Role play • Useful to describe • Does not provide for

✓ Role Model patterns, highlight main much stimulation
ideas, summarize data
✓ Self-Instruction modules and present unique ways
of viewing information.

MAJOR FACTORS • Effective approach for • Very Instructor centered

cognitive learning

• Audience characteristics (size, diversity,

• Useful in providing • Does not account for
learning style preference) foundational background individual differences in
information background, attention
• Educators expertise as a teacher span

• Objectives of learning
• Early supplemented with • All learners are exposed
• Potential for achieving learning printed handout and to the same information
other audiovisual regardless of their
outcomes materials cognitive abilities,

• Cost-Effectiveness learning needs

• Setting for teaching

• Evolving Technology
GROUP DISCUSSION
LECTURE
 • A method of teaching whereby learners
get together to actively exchange
DEMONSTRATION AND RETURN
information, feelings, and opinions with
DEMONSTRATION
one another and with the educator.

Advantages Limitations • Demonstration by the educator is done

to show the learner how to perform a
• Stimulates sharing of • Shy member does not
ideas and emotions participate certain skill.
• Active leaders • Dominant member
• Return Demonstration by the learner is
overwhelms the group carried out as an attempt to establish
• Useful for cognitive and
affective domains of • Highly diverse groups competence by performing a task with
learning may have difficulty
interacting
cues from the educator as needed.

• Cooperative Learning - Highly GAMING

structured group work focusing on
• A method of instruction requiring the
problem solving that leads to deep
learner to participate in a competitive
learning and critical thinking.
activity with preset rules.
• Case studies - Leads to the development
of analytical and problem solving-skills, Advantages Limitations

exploration of complex issues, and • Active learner • Too competitive for

some learners
application of new knowledge and skills
• Perceived as "fun" by
in the clinical practice arena. many learners

• Seminars - Consists of several sessions • Useful for all three

in which a group staff nurses or domains of learning

students, facilitated by an educator,

discuss questions and issues that
emerged from assigned readings on a STIMULATION
topic of practical relevance.
• A trial-and-error method of teaching
ONE-TO-ONE INSTRUCTION whereby an artificial experience is
created that engages the learner in an
• May be given either formally or
activity that reflects real-life conditions
informally, involves face-to-face
but without the risk-taking
delivery of information specifically
consequences of an actual situation
designed to meet the needs of an
individual learner. Advantages Limitations

• Active learners • Labor intensive

Advantages Limitatons
• Practice "reality in a safe • Costs of equipment
• Active learner • Can be expensive
setting
because it is labor
• Tailored to individual's intensive
• Useful for cognitive and
needs and goals
psychomotor domains of
•
learning
• Useful for all three
leaming domains • Isolates learner
 domain learning
ROLE PLAY

• Role playing, is a method of instruction

by which learners actively participate in
an unrehearsed dramatization.

Advantages Limitations

• Active learner • -Learner can exaggerate

or under-develop the
• Develops role
"understanding" of
others

• -Useful for affective

domain learning

ROLE MODEL

• The use of self as a role model is often

overlooked as a teaching method.
• Learning from a role model is called
identification and emanates from
learning and developmental theories

Advantages Limitations

• Helps with socialization • Requires rapport

into role between teacher and
learner
• Useful for affective
domain learning

SELF INSTRUCTION

• Is a teaching method used by the

educator to provide or design
instructional activities that guide the
learner in independently achieving the
objectives of learning.

Advantages Limitations

• Self-paced • Learner may

procrastinate
• Cost-elective
• Requires literacy
• Consistent

• Useful for cognitive