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? Backend Development

Backend development involves server-side logic that supports website and app functionalities, focusing on data management, user authentication, and API handling. Key programming languages include JavaScript, Python, and Java, with databases categorized as relational or non-relational. Essential concepts for backend developers include authentication, server hosting, frameworks, and tools for version control and environment management.

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37 views3 pages

? Backend Development

Backend development involves server-side logic that supports website and app functionalities, focusing on data management, user authentication, and API handling. Key programming languages include JavaScript, Python, and Java, with databases categorized as relational or non-relational. Essential concepts for backend developers include authentication, server hosting, frameworks, and tools for version control and environment management.

Uploaded by

fowzizinnov
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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💻 Backend Development - Essentials

1. What is Backend Development?

Backend development refers to the server-side logic that powers the


functionalities of websites and apps — things users don’t see directly.

It’s responsible for:

 Storing & retrieving data

 Managing user authentication

 Processing business logic

 Handling API requests/responses

2. Backend vs Frontend

Feature Frontend Backend

Visible to
Yes No
User

Main Focus UI/UX Logic, Data, Security

HTML, CSS, JS, React, Python, Node.js, Java,


Tech Stack
etc. DBs

Runs On Browser Server

3. Popular Backend Programming Languages

 JavaScript (Node.js) – Event-driven, fast, scalable

 Python (Django, Flask) – Clean and readable, good for beginners

 Java (Spring Boot) – Enterprise-level development

 PHP (Laravel) – Widely used in web apps (e.g., WordPress)

 Ruby (Ruby on Rails) – Clean syntax and convention over


configuration

 Go – Efficient for high-performance services

4. Databases
Backend uses databases to store and manage data.

🔹 Types of Databases:

 Relational (SQL): MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite

 Non-Relational (NoSQL): MongoDB, Firebase, Cassandra

🔹 Operations:

 CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete)

 Writing queries using SQL or NoSQL commands

5. APIs (Application Programming Interface)

APIs allow the frontend and backend to communicate.

Types:

 REST API: Uses HTTP (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE)

 GraphQL: Client can request only what it needs

 WebSocket: Real-time communication (e.g., chat apps)

6. Authentication & Authorization

Used to secure the backend.

 Authentication: Verify user identity (e.g., login via email/password


or Google)

 Authorization: What resources the user can access

 Tools: JWT (JSON Web Tokens), OAuth2, sessions

7. Servers & Hosting

Backend code runs on servers that handle requests from clients.

Popular Platforms:

 Heroku (beginner-friendly)

 Render / Railway

 Amazon Web Services (AWS)

 Google Cloud Platform (GCP)


 Microsoft Azure

 DigitalOcean

8. Backend Frameworks

Frameworks help you build faster with built-in features.

Langua
Frameworks
ge

Express.js,
Node.js
Nest.js

Python Django, Flask

Java Spring Boot

PHP Laravel

Ruby Rails

9. Backend Tools & Concepts

 Version Control – Git, GitHub

 Package Managers – npm (JS), pip (Python)

 Environment Variables – For sensitive data

 MVC Architecture – Model-View-Controller structure

 Middlewares – Functions that run between request and response

10. Career Tips for Backend Developers

 Learn a backend language + database

 Build REST APIs and deploy on cloud

 Contribute to open source or GitHub

 Understand security and scalability

 Practice interview problems (e.g., system design)

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