Programs based on above Syllabus for 18.03.
2025 lab
1. Write a Python program to accept a user's name and age, then print a greeting message.
AIM: To write a Python program to accept a user's name and age for printing a greeting message.
SOURCE CODE:
# Accept user input for name
name = input("Enter your name: ")
# Loop until a valid numeric age is entered
while True:
age = input("Enter your age: ")
if age.isdigit(): # Check if input consists of digits only
age = int(age) # Convert to an integer
break
else:
print("Invalid input. Please enter a numeric age.")
# Print a greeting message
print(f"Hello, {name}! You are {age} years old.")
OUTPUT:
Enter your name: John
Enter your age: 30
Hello, John! You are 30 years old.
2. Accept two integers from the user and perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
AIM: To accept two integers from the user and perform addition, subtraction, multiplication and
division.
SOURCE CODE:
# Accept two integers from the user
num1 = int(input("Enter the first number: "))
num2 = int(input("Enter the second number: "))
# Perform arithmetic operations
addition = num1 + num2
subtraction = num1 - num2
multiplication = num1 * num2
division = num1 / num2 if num2 != 0 else "Undefined (division by zero)"
# Display results
print(f"\nResults:")
print(f"Addition: {num1} + {num2} = {addition}")
print(f"Subtraction: {num1} - {num2} = {subtraction}")
print(f"Multiplication: {num1} × {num2} = {multiplication}")
print(f"Division: {num1} ÷ {num2} = {division}")
OUTPUT:
Enter the first number: 10
Enter the second number: 5
Results:
Addition: 10 + 5 = 15
Subtraction: 10 - 5 = 5
Multiplication: 10 × 5 = 50
Division: 10 ÷ 5 = 2.0
3. Write a program that swaps the values of two variables without using a third variable.
AIM: To write a program that swaps the values of two variables without using the third variable.
SOURCE CODE:
# Accept two numbers from the user
a = int(input("Enter the first number (a): "))
b = int(input("Enter the second number (b): "))
# Swap the values without using a third variable
a, b = b, a
# Display the swapped values
print("\nAfter swapping:")
print(f"a = {a}")
print(f"b = {b}")
OUTPUT:
Enter the first number (a): 5
Enter the second number (b): 10
After swapping:
a = 10
b=5
4. Write a Python script to check whether a given number is even or odd.
AIM: To write a python script to check whether a given number is even or odd.
SOURCE CODE:
# Accept a number from the user
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
# Check if the number is even or odd
if num % 2 == 0:
print(f"{num} is an even number.")
else:
print(f"{num} is an odd number.")
OUTPUT:
Enter a number: 8
8 is an even number.
Enter a number: 7
7 is an odd number.
5. Take a string as input from the user and count the number of vowels in it.
AIM: To take a string as input from the user and count the number of vowels in it.
SOURCE CODE:
# Accept a string from the user
text = input("Enter a string: ")
# Define vowels
vowels = "aeiouAEIOU"
# Count vowels in the string
vowel_count = sum(1 for char in text if char in vowels)
# Display the result
print(f"The number of vowels in the given string is: {vowel_count}")
OUTPUT:
Enter a string: Hello World
The number of vowels in the given string is: 3
6. Write a program that calculates and prints the area of a circle given the radius as input.
AIM: To write a program that calculates and prints the area of a circle given the radius as input.
SOURCE CODE:
import math # Import math module to use π (pi)
# Accept the radius from the user
radius = float(input("Enter the radius of the circle: "))
# Calculate the area of the circle
area = math.pi * radius ** 2 # πr² formula
# Display the result
print(f"The area of the circle with radius {radius} is: {area:.2f}")
OUTPUT:
Enter the radius of the circle: 5
The area of the circle with radius 5.0 is: 78.54
7. Accept an integer from the user and print its binary, octal, and hexadecimal representations.
AIM: To accept an integer from the user and print it’s binary, octal, and hexadecimal representations.
SOURCE CODE:
# Accept an integer from the user
num = int(input("Enter an integer: "))
# Convert to different number systems
binary_rep = bin(num) # Convert to binary
octal_rep = oct(num) # Convert to octal
hex_rep = hex(num) # Convert to hexadecimal
# Display the results
print(f"\nBinary representation: {binary_rep[2:]}")
print(f"Octal representation: {octal_rep[2:]}")
print(f"Hexadecimal representation: {hex_rep[2:].upper()}")
OUTPUT:
Enter an integer: 25
Binary representation: 11001
Octal representation: 31
Hexadecimal representation: 19
8. Write a program to convert a given temperature from Fahrenheit to Celsius.
AIM: To write a program to convert a given temperature from Fahrenheit to Celsius.
SOURCE CODE:
# Accept temperature in Fahrenheit from the user
fahrenheit = float(input("Enter temperature in Fahrenheit: "))
# Convert Fahrenheit to Celsius using the formula
celsius = (fahrenheit - 32) * 5 / 9
# Display the result
print(f"{fahrenheit}°F is equal to {celsius:.2f}°C")
OUTPUT:
Enter temperature in Fahrenheit: 98.6
98.6°F is equal to 37.00°C
9. Take two numbers as input and compute the result of a^b using both the ** operator and math.pow().
AIM: To take two numbers as input and compute the result of a^b using the ** operator and
math.pow().
SOURCE CODE:
import math # Import the math module
# Accept two numbers from the user
a = float(input("Enter the base (a): "))
b = float(input("Enter the exponent (b): "))
# Compute power using ** operator
result1 = a ** b
# Compute power using math.pow()
result2 = math.pow(a, b)
# Display the results
print(f"\nUsing '**' operator: {a}^{b} = {result1}")
print(f"Using 'math.pow()' function: {a}^{b} = {result2}")
OUTPUT:
Enter the base (a): 2
Enter the exponent (b): 3
Using '**' operator: 2.0^3.0 = 8.0
Using 'math.pow()' function: 2.0^3.0 = 8.0
10. Write a program to determine whether a given year is a leap year or not.
AIM: To write a program to determine whether a given year is a leap year or not.
SOURCE CODE:
# Accept a year from the user
year = int(input("Enter a year: "))
# Check if the year is a leap year
if (year % 4 == 0 and year % 100 != 0) or (year % 400 == 0):
print(f"{year} is a leap year.")
else:
print(f"{year} is not a leap year.")
OUTPUT:
Enter a year: 2024
2024 is a leap year.
Enter a year: 1900
1900 is not a leap year.
11. Write a Python program to reverse a given string.
AIM: To write a python program to reverse a given string.
SOURCE CODE:
# Accept a string from the user
text = input("Enter a string: ")
# Reverse the string using slicing
reversed_text = text[::-1]
# Display the result
print(f"Reversed string: {reversed_text}")
OUTPUT:
Enter a string: Python
Reversed string: nohtyP
12. Accept a sentence as input and print the number of words in it.
AIM: To accept a sentence as input and print the number of words in it.
SOURCE CODE:
# Accept a sentence from the user
sentence = input("Enter a sentence: ")
# Split the sentence into words and count them
word_count = len(sentence.split())
# Display the result
print(f"The number of words in the sentence is: {word_count}")
OUTPUT:
Enter a sentence: Python programming is fun!
The number of words in the sentence is: 4
13. Write a program to replace all occurrences of 'a' with '@' in a given string.
AIM: To write a program to replace all occurrences of ‘a’ with ‘@’ in a given string.
SOURCE CODE:
# Accept a string from the user
text = input("Enter a string: ")
# Replace all occurrences of 'a' (case-sensitive)
modified_text = text.replace('a', '@')
# Display the modified string
print(f"Modified string: {modified_text}")
OUTPUT:
Enter a string: banana apple avocado
Modified string: b@n@n@ @pple @voc@do
14. Concatenate three user-input strings and print the result.
AIM: To concatenate three user-input strings and print the result.
SOURCE CODE:
# Accept three strings from the user
str1 = input("Enter first string: ")
str2 = input("Enter second string: ")
str3 = input("Enter third string: ")
# Concatenate the strings
result = str1 + str2 + str3
# Display the concatenated result
print(f"Concatenated string: {result}")
OUTPUT:
Enter first string: Hello
Enter second string: World
Enter third string: 2025
Concatenated string: HelloWorld2025
15. Accept a string and check if it is a palindrome.
AIM: To accept a string and check if it is a palindrome.
SOURCE CODE:
# Accept a string from the user
text = input("Enter a string: ")
# Convert to lowercase to make it case-insensitive
text_lower = text.lower()
# Check if the string is equal to its reverse
if text_lower == text_lower[::-1]:
print(f'"{text}" is a palindrome.')
else:
print(f'"{text}" is not a palindrome.')
OUTPUT:
Enter a string: Racecar
"Racecar" is a palindrome.
16. Write a Python function to calculate the factorial of a given number.
AIM: To write a python function to calculate the factorial of a given number.
SOURCE CODE:
def factorial(n):
result = 1
for i in range(2, n + 1):
result *= i
return result
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if num < 0:
print("Factorial is not defined for negative numbers.")
else:
print(f"Factorial of {num} is {factorial(num)}")
OUTPUT:
Enter a number: 5
Factorial of 5 is 120
17. Implement a function that returns the Fibonacci sequence up to n terms.
AIM: To implement a function that returns the Fibonacci sequence up to n terms.
SOURCE CODE:
def fibonacci(n):
sequence = []
a, b = 0, 1
for _ in range(n):
sequence.append(a)
a, b = b, a + b
return sequence
# Accept the number of terms from the user
num_terms = int(input("Enter the number of Fibonacci terms: "))
# Check if input is valid
if num_terms <= 0:
print("Please enter a positive integer.")
else:
print(f"Fibonacci sequence up to {num_terms} terms: {fibonacci(num_terms)}")
OUTPUT:
Enter the number of Fibonacci terms: 7
Fibonacci sequence up to 7 terms: [0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8]
18. Write a Python program that takes a number as input and checks if it is a prime number using a
function.
AIM: To write a python program that takes a number as input and checks if it is a prime number using a
function.
SOURCE CODE:
def is_prime(n):
"""Function to check if a number is prime."""
if n <= 1:
return False
for i in range(2, int(n ** 0.5) + 1):
if n % i == 0:
return False
return True
# Accept a number from the user
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
# Check and display the result
if is_prime(num):
print(f"{num} is a prime number.")
else:
print(f"{num} is not a prime number.")
OUTPUT:
Enter a number: 29
29 is a prime number.
19. Use the math module to calculate the square root, logarithm, and sine of a given number.
AIM: To use the math module to calculate the square root, logarithm, and sine of a given number.
SOURCE CODE:
import math
# Accept a number from the user
num = float(input("Enter a number: "))
# Calculate square root
square_root = math.sqrt(num)
# Calculate natural logarithm (log base e)
if num > 0:
logarithm = math.log(num)
else:
logarithm = "Undefined (logarithm is only defined for positive numbers)"
# Calculate sine (in radians)
sine_value = math.sin(num)
# Display results
print(f"Square root of {num}: {square_root}")
print(f"Natural logarithm of {num}: {logarithm}")
print(f"Sine of {num} radians: {sine_value}")
OUTPUT:
Enter a number: 25
Square root of 25.0: 5.0
Natural logarithm of 25.0: 3.2188758248682006
Sine of 25.0 radians: -0.13235175009777303
20. Implement a Python program that runs only if executed as the main module and calls a function to
print "Hello from Main!".
AIM: To implement a python program that runs only if executed as the main module and calls a
function to print “Hello from Main!”.
SOURCE CODE:
def greet():
"""Function to print a greeting message."""
print("Hello from Main!")
# Ensure the script runs only when executed directly
if __name__ == "__main__":
greet()
OUTPUT:
$ python script.py
Hello from Main!
import script # This will NOT print "Hello from Main!" automatically
21. Write a program that reads a string and prints the frequency of each character.
AIM: To write a program that reads a string and prints the frequency of each character.
SOURCE CODE:
def char_frequency(s):
"""Function to count character frequencies in a string."""
freq = {} # Dictionary to store character counts
for char in s:
freq[char] = freq.get(char, 0) + 1 # Increment count
return freq
# Accept a string from the user
text = input("Enter a string: ")
# Get character frequency
result = char_frequency(text)
# Display the frequency of each character
print("Character frequencies:")
for char, count in result.items():
print(f"'{char}': {count}")
OUTPUT:
Enter a string: hello world
Character frequencies:
'h': 1
'e': 1
'l': 3
'o': 2
' ': 1
'w': 1
'r': 1
'd': 1
22. Implement a function that finds the greatest common divisor (GCD) of two numbers using recursion.
AIM: To implement a function that finds the greatest common divisor (GCD) of two numbers using
recursion.
SOURCE CODE:
def gcd(a, b):
"""Recursive function to find the GCD of two numbers."""
if b == 0:
return a
else:
return gcd(b, a % b)
# Accept two numbers from the user
num1 = int(input("Enter the first number: "))
num2 = int(input("Enter the second number: "))
# Compute GCD
result = gcd(num1, num2)
# Display the result
print(f"The GCD of {num1} and {num2} is {result}")
OUTPUT:
Enter the first number: 48
Enter the second number: 18
The GCD of 48 and 18 is 6
23. Write a Python script that calculates the sum of digits of a given number.
AIM: To write a python script that calculates the sum of digits of a given number.
SOURCE CODE:
def sum_of_digits(n):
"""Function to calculate the sum of digits of a number."""
total = 0
while n > 0:
total += n % 10 # Extract last digit and add to total
n //= 10 # Remove last digit
return total
# Accept input from the user
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
# Compute sum of digits
result = sum_of_digits(abs(num)) # Use abs() to handle negative numbers
# Display the result
print(f"The sum of digits of {num} is {result}")
OUTPUT:
Enter a number: 1234
The sum of digits of 1234 is 10
24. Accept a list of numbers from the user and find the second-largest number.
AIM: To accept a list of numbers from the user and find the second-largest number.
SOURCE CODE:
def second_largest(nums):
"""Function to find the second-largest number without sorting."""
first, second = float('-inf'), float('-inf')
for num in nums:
if num > first:
second, first = first, num # Update both first and second
elif first > num > second:
second = num # Update second if it's smaller than first but larger than the previous
second
return second if second != float('-inf') else "No second largest number"
# Accept input from the user
numbers = list(map(int, input("Enter numbers separated by spaces: ").split()))
# Find and print the second largest number
print("Second largest number:", second_largest(numbers))
OUTPUT:
Enter numbers separated by spaces: 10 20 5 8 30
Second largest number: 20
25. Create a Python function that checks whether a given string contains only digits (without
using .isdigit()).
AIM: To create a python function that checks whether a given string contains only digits (without
using.isdigit()).
SOURCE CODE:
def is_numeric(s):
"""Function to check if a string contains only digits."""
for char in s:
if char not in "0123456789": # Check if each character is a digit
return False
return True
# Accept user input
text = input("Enter a string: ")
# Check and print result
print(f"Does '{text}' contain only digits? {is_numeric(text)}")
OUTPUT:
Enter a string: 123456
Does '123456' contain only digits? True
Enter a string: 12a45
Does '12a45' contain only digits? False
