PLC programming involves creating sets of instructions, typically in a
graphical or textual format, that a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)
executes to control industrial automation systems. PLCs are programmed
using specialized software, and the resulting program dictates how the PLC
interacts with inputs, performs logic operations, and controls outputs to
connected devices.
Key aspects of PLC programming:
Input/Output (I/O) Handling:
PLCs receive input signals from sensors and other devices, and based on the
programmed logic, they generate output signals to control actuators, motors, and
other field devices.
Logic Operations:
PLC programs utilize logical operations (AND, OR, NOT, etc.) to evaluate input
conditions and determine the appropriate output actions.
Programming Languages:
Common PLC programming languages include Ladder Logic, Function Block
Diagram (FBD), Structured Text (ST), and Sequential Function Charts (SFC).
Program Execution Cycle:
PLCs operate in cycles, continuously reading inputs, executing the user program,
and updating outputs.
Offline vs. Online Programming:
Programs can be developed offline and downloaded to the PLC, or edited online
while the PLC is running (with potential for interruption depending on the platform).