Technology for Success: Computer Concepts

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West, Technology for Success: Computer Concepts, 1st Edition. © 2020 Cengage. All
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 Module 12
Digital Transformation: Cloud, E-commerce, and AI

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West, Technology for Success: Computer Concepts, 1st Edition. © 2020 Cengage. All
Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Lesson Objectives

• Explain the basic concepts of cloud computing

• Describe ways companies do business on the Internet
• Explain the basic concepts of artificial intelligence (AI)
• Use AI technologies
• Analyze ways to communicate more proficiently with AI systems

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
Microsoft Office Computer Concepts,
365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
Cengage.All Rights Reserved.
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Explain the Basic Concepts of Cloud Computing (1 of 2)

• Identify defining characteristics of cloud computing

• Compare the most common cloud computing models
• List major cloud providers and services
• Explain how cloud services are used in the workplace

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
Microsoft Office Computer Concepts,
365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
Cengage.All Rights Reserved.
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May not be scanned,
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 Explain the Basic Concepts of Cloud Computing (2
of 2)

• Cloud computing: providing and

using computer tools, such as
software, via the Internet
o Private cloud: does not use the
Internet
o Public cloud: multiple customers use
the same, Internet-connected cloud
• Person or business pays a fee to
use someone else’s hardware

Figure 12-1: When hosting a website in the

cloud, the website owner does not have to
purchase or maintain their own hardware
Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West, Technology for Success: Computer Concepts, 1st Edition. © 2020 Cengage. All Rights Reserved.
May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 Identify Defining Characteristics of Cloud
Computing
• The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has defined five
essential characteristics of cloud technology

Figure 12-2: Five essential

characteristics of cloud technology

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West, Technology for Success: Computer Concepts, 1st Edition. © 2020 Cengage. All Rights Reserved.
May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 Compare the Most Common Cloud Computing
Models
• Cloud services can be generally categorized according to the service’s role

Figure 12-4: SaaS services are more

immediately accessible to a wide
market of users than other categories
of cloud services

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West, Technology for Success: Computer Concepts, 1st Edition. © 2020 Cengage. All Rights Reserved.
May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
List Major Cloud Providers and Services

• A handful of companies lead the cloud provider market

o Amazon Web Services
o Microsoft Azure
o Google Cloud Platform
o IBM Cloud
o China’s Alibaba Cloud

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
Microsoft Office Computer Concepts,
365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
Cengage.All Rights Reserved.
All Rights
May not be scanned,
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Explain How Cloud Services Are Used in the
Workplace
• Cloud-hosted resources are used to do many tasks
o Track work schedule and hours worked
o Make changes to tax withholdings or benefits disbursements
o Share files with colleagues
o Collaborate with teammates on projects, deadlines, and events
o Complete on-the-job training
o Access customized workstation from any computer
o Use robust applications without having to install expensive software
o Work with expansive company data from across multiple departments
o Keep a more flexible work schedule

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
Microsoft Office Computer Concepts,
365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
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Describe Ways Companies Do Business on the
Internet (1 of 2)
• Describe the roles of physical and virtual stores in omnichannel marketing
• Compare types of e-commerce platforms
• Describe high-growth jobs in the e-commerce industry
• Build trust through a good e-commerce website

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
Microsoft Office Computer Concepts,
365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
Cengage.All Rights Reserved.
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Describe Ways Companies Do Business on the
Internet (2 of 2)
• E-business: any kind of business activity conducted online
o Some e-businesses use cloud-hosted resources, such as a video conferencing
web app, while others rely on websites
• E-commerce: process of conducting buy and sell transactions on an
electronic network
o Most companies these days have reached the conclusion that e-commerce is a
necessary component to their overall business strategy

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
Microsoft Office Computer Concepts,
365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
Cengage.All Rights Reserved.
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Describe the Roles of Physical and Virtual Stores
in Omnichannel Marketing
• Retailers increasingly use multiple types of contact, such as an online store
and a physical store, to reach a customer
o This omnichannel strategy might also include targeted ads on social media, paid
results on search engines, or contacts by email or phone
• Companies attempt to match the customer’s specific interests
o Unique selling proposition (USP): statement about how the company and its
products are different and better than the competition

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
Microsoft Office Computer Concepts,
365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
Cengage.All Rights Reserved.
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Compare Types of E-commerce Platforms

• Transaction types
o Business-to-consumer (B2C): sale of goods and services to the general public
o Consumer-to-consumer (C2C): one consumer sells directly to another
o Business-to-business (B2B): businesses providing goods and services to other
businesses
• Platform types
o Online storefront: website or smartphone app for buying and selling products or
services
o Online marketplace: virtual meeting place for buyers and sellers
o Social media: opportunity for sellers to showcase their products or advertise their
websites

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
Microsoft Office Computer Concepts,
365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
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Describe High-Growth Jobs in the E-commerce
Industry
• Retailer growth results in expanded job opportunities
o Customer service representatives
o Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks
o Hand pickers and packagers
o Freight, stock, and material movers
o Delivery and truck drivers
o General and operations managers
o Market research analysts and marketing specialists
o Application and web developers

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
Microsoft Office Computer Concepts,
365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
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Build Trust through a Good E-commerce Website

• Retailers use a variety of strategies to meet shifting customer expectations

o Post clear and well-lit product photos
o List shipping and other add-on expenses on each product page
o Add security seals and license badges
o Extend customer service hours
o Offer flexible return policies
o Publish personalized information on the company’s “About” page
• The 3 Cs of e-commerce
o Content, community, context

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
Microsoft Office Computer Concepts,
365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
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Explain the Basic Concepts of Artificial
Intelligence (AI) (1 of 2)
• Identify ways people use AI in daily life
• Compare common AI learning models

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
Microsoft Office Computer Concepts,
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1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
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Explain the Basic Concepts of Artificial
Intelligence (AI) (2 of 2)
• AI technologies can already perform some impressive tasks and processes
o Not limited to voice-based interactions between a human and computer
o Processes often run in the background to provide useful insights from data or to
operate machinery without direct human oversight or intervention

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
Microsoft Office Computer Concepts,
365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
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Identify Ways People Use AI in Daily Life

• Artificial intelligence (AI) is the technological use of logic and prior

experience to simulate human intelligence
o Contacting a website’s customer service using a chatbot feature on a website
• Machine learning (ML)
o Interacting with a personal assistant phone app
• Natural language processing (NLP)
o Accessing social media feeds
• AI processes function in the background of an application or website service

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
Microsoft Office Computer Concepts,
365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
Cengage.All Rights Reserved.
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Compare Common AI Learning Models (1 of 3)

Figure 12-14: Many technologies might contribute to a functioning AI system

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
Microsoft Office Computer Concepts,
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1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
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Compare Common AI Learning Models (2 of 3)

• An AI system needs incoming information, called a dataset, to learn from

o Might use one of these learning models to guide how it engages with datasets:
• Supervised learning
• Unsupervised learning
• Reinforcement learning

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
Microsoft Office Computer Concepts,
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Edition.©©2020
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Compare Common AI Learning Models (3 of 3)

Figure 12-16: Deep learning

allows for pattern recognition

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
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Use AI Technologies (1 of 2)

• Describe how AI supports smart devices and the Internet of Things

• Identify ways people use AI in the workplace

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Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
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Use AI Technologies (2 of 2)

• AI is an integral part of our daily technological lives

o Many processes happen in the background and don’t require special knowledge
on the part of the user
• It’s helpful to have a basic understanding of AI and its underlying technologies

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
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Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
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Describe How AI Supports Smart Devices and the
Internet of Things
• Smart devices are considered “smart” because they can be programmed to
make decisions without direct human intervention
o To work properly, they typically must be connected to the Internet through a Wi-
Fi or Bluetooth connection
• Collectively, the devices (which all contain embedded processors) are
referred to as the Internet of Things (IoT)
o AI’s role in a smart home environment revolves around the user’s interaction with
voice commands as well as processing data collected from IoT devices
o Personal devices such as a smart watch or a medical sensor might incorporate
AI capabilities for data processing or human interactions
o IoT has also permeated the manufacturing, medical, and financial industries, as
well as many others

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
Microsoft Office Computer Concepts,
365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
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Identify Ways People Use AI in the Workplace

• Forms of AI you might need to interact with on the job:

o Data analytics: manage data and detect patterns that improve business
processes and answer questions related to strategic planning
o Robotic process automation (RPA): automatic processes running on servers that
input or transfer data
o AI-powered chatbots: serve a variety of purposes, such as FAQ bots to answer
common questions about typical business, conversational bots that can provide
problem-solving support and assist in finding a product or service, and
transactional bots that assist with making purchases and payments or returning
items

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
Microsoft Office Computer Concepts,
365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
Cengage.All Rights Reserved.
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Analyze Ways to Communicate More
Proficiently with AI Systems (1 of 2)
• Phrase effective AI commands

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
Microsoft Office Computer Concepts,
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1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
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Analyze Ways to Communicate More
Proficiently with AI Systems (2 of 2)
• A significant goal of AI developers is to advance AI technology sufficiently so
that human users can’t tell the difference between a machine and a human
on the other end of a conversation
o A sufficiently advanced AI system could sound just as natural and be just as
responsive as a human technician
• This challenge, which AI has not yet fully met, is called the Turing Test
o Some systems have managed to trick users in specific situations
• Tend to be very limited in scope

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
Microsoft Office Computer Concepts,
365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
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Phrase Effective AI Commands (1 of 2)

• Smartphone apps and smart speakers listen for a wake word that alerts the
app to record and interpret whatever is said
o If you want Alexa to give you the day’s weather forecast, you might say, “Alexa,
what’s the weather for today?”
• Alexa detects the wake word “Alexa,” and then records and interprets whatever
comes next
o Developers must consider the many possible variations in the ways different
people might ask for a weather update
• “Alexa, get me the weather forecast.”
• “Alexa, what’s the weather like?”
• “Alexa, how cold will it be today?”

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
Microsoft Office Computer Concepts,
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1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
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Phrase Effective AI Commands (2 of 2)

• Cloud, e-commerce, and artificial intelligence technologies are designed to

make technology more accessible, support a global economy, and help
streamline repetitive or predictable tasks
o These technologies are already used extensively in diverse and creative ways,
and will continue to increase in their ability to anticipate user needs
• By understanding some basics of how these systems work, you can better
take advantage of the benefits they offer

Campbell/Ciampa/Clemens/Freund/Frydenberg/Hooper/Ruffolo/West,
Carey/Pinard/Shaffer/Shellman/Vodnik, New Perspectives Collection, Technology for ®Success:
Microsoft Office Computer Concepts,
365® & Office 2019,1st
1stEdition.
Edition.©©2020
2020Cengage.
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