Written Exercises ie. (a) The environment is a balance of biotic, abiotic, geographical, and social © _Fpod _._Clo-thina and shelter até basic hunian needs. (©) Forests observed in the wetland and muddy regions along the bay of the Konkan region (@) Small amount of water deliberately kept separate from the availabié Water sources for the Exercises is 1+ What is the meaning of environment? 2.4 What is ecosystem? 3.* What is the relationship between biotic and abiotic elements in the environment? 4.* Observe the photographs given on page 4 of the textbook and discuss about the environment or ecosystem. Fill in the blanks. factors that affect each other. are also known as” Kha }an"”_ forests. benefit of the ecosystem is called God xt_for +he ¢nvirmnment? ne the foll Natural'structures in Maharashtra: S@huadri in the wert, the Deccan Plateau Bone middle the tons cl_regiog nf Konkan and he, Vv way shankan 2 S Hitdartambni Bel, air eitha, ARON Fe Some semi-evergreen forest trees in Maharashtra: Aig), 1< eenjal ) Behda ete (>) Shot on 17 SENNA ery 2023.06.27 18:54be 54) Gm 2. 2, 3. er in one to two sentences. the main types of ecosystems? Explain the basis of this classification. ic and Bio! ement aqua Oy “What isthe ratio of forest cover to total land area in Maharashtra? hes, ‘ Bi 20n D te 1 S{ 4 ates JeOOGtaPphicas ariea - es tfd an Mahar, Tey 5:‘Answer in brief. ‘What important role does water play for the environment? roy periartine 4 loba laos. ae NArZ Project Book - Std. 10(9)Doas directed. _ ‘the given chart. inorgan ve ubstance(©) Label correctly by choosing from the given words. (Solar energy, CO2, Photosynthesis, Plants, Producer, Consumer, Fodder eating animals, Carnivorous animals, Decomposers) © *The names of National Parks and Sarictuaries along with their states © “Information on incidents caus€d by human intervention © *Search the map throtigh intemet showing the forest resources of Maharashtra and n Panamera age ves of Moleeshin mad it jovAlearnera 3333Fill in the blanks. ls: pecan information on how to 0 Blk and store rainwater mentioned in the (b) During the Cha liikktya and Yadav periods, a large number of square wells called - Barwa and lakes were created. (©) The people of the Vire Mali Community were instrumental in building dams in the Khandeshi Phad system during the 13% to 15% centuries. 1572 ) .-The Khajina Vihir near Beed was built as long back as " () The artificially created stored water during Chhatrapati Shivaji’s time was called Zac ba nos. water. (6) The Mombatta lake is an example of applying the QrQvitty and siphonmethod ~ of water distribution system. 2. Name the following. (@) The American geologist believed to be the pioneer person of modern groundwater science: MON Ze (©) The grantha written by Varahmihir: ti hatsambhita (©) The great Indian agronomist; Para Shar muni a (@) The golden period of wafer management: |, a aed ais ican “Aparajit Prachcha’ grantha: Dereccent Sh shape'mahasan' On 7s Shot on YIfe i expend tute For con eee ee cree frac Geging to roid created during the British period: or, Oyhar Darna - Bhandardara,Khadakwaska lark a ( ) on the True statements and ( X ) on the False ones, The ancient river Saraswati is believed to have disappeared due to natural calamity. Jnlike rivers lakes do not have religious significance in-Indi ) According to Dharmashastra, building a lake for public use was considered virtuous. | There is common belief in Varanasi thatthe three tivers Varuna, Assi, and Ganga were connected by a network of lakes in the past. The Bhill wibe in Satpuda hils started the ‘Pat' method of water distribution system, People faced a lot of problems in water management during Ahilyabai Holkar’s tenure, The Kohli tribe people were known to have used their own money and labour to build about 10000 cattle ponds. * 4. Match the columns, A ] [ 1. | Jagtung Sarovar l@] 2. | Hersul Lake ) | 3. | Sudarshan Sarovar 4, |s.| pce e 2 Vivo Al camera bEEKEEBE SS 55) bebbLtbeprpre el |b¢ eS Os1€ Sue in Size han SaKovest ‘Answer in brief. n the relationship between human evolution and the Panchatatva. qence oO Family» 4 ‘Qgo in og Bubp ect of liouer” in his aisha Adibatsamhi ta’: +d VES “the form fetaielal ae + Soi | texture, hatani cal Studies ant hills near trees Qo \_deals with the toch ear rrerset) a. Py te paneTaben that — fol 8N am aclive. Nif+~20ne, Grabens aie ePland :formed: aloin enaenh plate» hich have subsiclecl be-toren +tend -H Sa) ushkara S jin Hampi ane the tached! in +h e temples Most of the es 10 Hampi have a pus bkanani built mes -Fyen 4 ‘as Wer a people Amp: 10 Inday the pushkarani¢c Gre big eas oe dhe ae visit©) 4 Ane Haydn Seeatulan lateiams. Temple area -Puchkaxian: “Find Out ay bo * _ *Read the historical books and get records of water conservation and water management - found in them, ‘The relationship between water and culture Check it and discuss about it in your clase, from the elders, grandparents in your home, room. + "Make a model for an ancient water meat ee mentiwater storage system you have studied. What remedies do you ‘suggest to maintain such water management > | systems? __Thedevicr wed to measure rinfalliscalleds fai gauge ) Evaporation is measured by an -£vaporator ) Erapntions measured ninches nr pilimelees The measurement of seepage water is also called the —ticpa_ measurement method. eserves are measured by calculating average values for length, width and depth of involved in the water cycle: Mapour, rain, fio ing Wwatprt aNan d_Seeping trate 5 ; Byam used to measure flowing water—pri fice mete gater als ; ' t Sra UG ‘ ; measurifig stored water. Sta tionauy measciement metirod ity dams in Maharashtra: Yo 2) Koc NQ. 3) Tauaktend h.Totladoh. 5) Pu Yelolari g2io a SMillion cee iH per Secon min a ad (cusec) _ Answer in brief. oes the V-notch method of measuring flowing water, $9b p-piao i with AY: Shaped | ion Can be bette to USE a trig More orp 2 an No Pa etn) Xl Alrg a RNa 3 Bens.527 1355Do as directed. the given diagrams. MEASLING | cytindent land | ecm bei —s Ans, Zi6P.a 1. surement Method = Project Book - Std. 10 (21)b Ct anew br0182 394° 17 pi highest rainfall place in Maharashtra © *The highest average rainfall place in Maharashtra © *The average evaporation rate of Maharashtra state © "The district with the lowest evaporation in Maharashtra « Draw a graph based on the rainfall records you take. Why the rainfall records are Aifferent for each student in your class. Write down the reasons,—@ A_PLON _ means preparing or designing a task and everything related to it b of the watershed is required to prepare the water plan. «fot times sea) tr) Pa ast committee should Jointly r review the data collection # Teast abs 8) the following. : A Mapedesedt Uuring phblidl genera esting seasions! Hava prob lend —_ alaareaiaminmrmmainr seer | Formula for wasted water: Vaporization (401) +6 Runoff 10 '/ Pits Redistribution of usable water forest anea + Rarh fed (@ Formula for total water avafabilty (100%): (Rai nfat! Xanea OF village)+ 10'/- Runoff coming fromthe back boundary: Mark a ( /) on the True statements and ( X ) on the False ones. i ja,00 one. of the features of a perfect plan. plan oe created only when there is a clear idea of future and identified ptoblems are fixed properly. ‘of,water management’should be started just before the ~_ 941_ this means water plan: oO What are the steps to be considered when making a water plan? Aus. te blic meeting _ 2S Round in the yi age 4400 Colle i ra 4 6. Answer in brief > (a)* What is a public/general pein for and who is re nit? rere Gis Kayeun gi 4 is) VivolAl/camerags : eho beaclaedin a vilag procession? Why? Aatoy 19 Bonet e-Ca 7. Doas directed. fare the elements of a plan? Write your answers in the given circles. (SYOlO) Shot on Y1z <=) Vivo Al’ cameraBat bin Swrteo. PEC Pe pris sen Tsr9 ee} Ibind - 8 information on the format of the public general meeting © *Rivers in our state for which the water structure has been created © Organizations that prepare small and large watershed water plan “Water plan can be even at the household level, identify its components. *Make a note of the various elements of the water plan you find around you. “How much water is used daily in your home? Calculate the monthly water ‘consumption. Make a balance sheet of domestic water use and list the excess/extra Water you can use for any other purpose. a eTz that flows through different types of hilly land areas through the farmland « 4 ge is called toater shed Area. 4 @ re s “4 4 af 4d a is seen as a permanent solution for drought conditions. Name the following. ‘Types of hilly lands found in the village: ‘billslop Jands ditches, aed fiawt |and.s- © Bhanji Mathukiya’s innovative structure which overcame water shortage by eo Water from streams and nalas: Semicircular clan (©) Policies that, i implemented, can solve water Scarcity problem permangrly: Dw cons ion 9 “ cl 3 3. Mark a (7) on the True statements and a) ‘The whole farmland of the village is flat, ) Watershed area can range from $0 hectares to 500 (2 on the False ones, hectares depending upon 13 a= BSS)Pans LEB D2) A 115! avd "sarlaiiet heals ri bb! MEME Pirinciste tidieath 910 - Lainolq 9a Bbsade "eat estan pemetak dlpint a? ngAms. GOSS pi Find Out © *More information about the following activities on the internet. Ralegansidghiéxperiment - Padma Vibhushan Anna Hazare Vanargi€xperiment — Padma Vibbushan Mohan Dharia You may also refer to the TB page 29 for other such activities “Activity ‘+ —*Plant the same type of seedlings in small Pots at your backyard. Keep watering a Plant (pot) for a month by traditional method. Fill a small pot with water next to the seedlings planted in the second pot. (The pot should have a small hole in the bottom.) After watering both the pots for a month. Write down what techniques you PinjeHtBOOk=eF==Ke15=7 15155)Spearheading the IGWDP-Nidhal project: True statements and ( X ) on the False ones. " Agricultural productivity per hectare in Hiware Bazar has almost doubled "making it an excellent example of public participation. Shirpur pattern has totally 135 dams. eres re vs sas deere nthe IGWDP-1 Nita proiecs.8 re AY 7 ui _ B1SUeS 17 ONIN ‘Answer in one to two sentences. Why is public participation important in wat ter conservation activity? AAS (o ee tole) do imp e Md of the roblem TF Means public )' MR eRe ahS Keto vublic aricipaticn? % atch pation ee perc ee oon Hiuore Baza 3 i ton © itrmeasenteel Ptvelopmen+ ©\ fonsiniction of weil and clams throught | etal Public perticipalon prgecr ~ Do as directed. ‘dentify the following pictures. (a) : i : o j 2 i rN) Te to AD An NSS Symbo] 8 25OO'6l 42:90'e202 (_what you did? =a ‘What you did? 6... EVEL 29 1. Cae. LOST Ta. exc plain.ANe..in Farmahe.n. 4... Li 5. Te..cl.2...cartra.l. Lee ‘OM Ple+t too jorbra sates in the_>e0p1 Co _ region. ‘A drought region in Maharashtra is approximately _61- GO sq km. “Ample rainfall along the Konkan Coast is because of the SOhyodsi BANge ‘in western Maharashtra which blocks the southwest monsoon winds from the Arabian Sea. r @_ Around_!4°59'/, _ ofthe total water resources in India, is available for Maharashtra. (©) The availablity of surface water resources depends mainly on ai fat) 5 _ stopegraphy, and geological conditions. Be Name the following. (@) Maharashtra’s share out of India's entre geographical area: I+ T'/, (®) Percentage of Marathwada’s villages declared drought-affected: a, Skin disearer (©) Waterborne diseases: Joun clive Thy phsid ,cholenc 2 () Some successful examples of current water crisis remedies. ud m lak 3 Mark a (4) on the True statements and (x ) on theFalse ones, (@) Ifyou want to manage water, you must undersigned its total availability first, (b) Maharashtra receives the highest rainfall from the northwest monsoon, © sce nt od oe not really two different sources but are Over half of India’s water is available only in Maharashtra,s Oreate than 207. A ch»pmic deuagh BaweA js one in which the peta Ty Ra trier is the distribution of available water in Maharashtra? Write in detail. buon Lis in the eo agashtsa_and mose than haf of th alls inKonkan wohile About }2 taukas In axashtira hay 2 Permanent dough ty the. lO. st range is at the west of Maharashtra boc S South ert monsoon winds from the ue pian Sea s%eutting |n 2000 to 3500 mmo \ Adon of Hine Konkan coast Soom to1S0 ‘000 to [Loo mm A WoeLtein Maharath Of th & Sahyaalsi tangeinna 11 uo scascity ts Jn shost Maharashtto Freq ue pug ) an aly abundant Water meso Utcer pb idle (to lack. of-pro per plonning and Manas AL the wootet pro Tens 1 EAE State iS eAting wosse - “Peought situation isvety + 3 dangerous in the state about 38° 63'] “of villager, Din Maharashtra axe declared os Avought afeced) ag eas, Moseoy &1 bust ning esp $ Wn dou ght peme ) ostea, desolate srChards the. af fod Thty of } animals orth humans fer dsinkio Aad sh animal _ Canops this pickuor e iS viSible7as Soon asthe on st0fp st Nowadays water management is very essential, Write your opinion on it. Ans BEUCE Management js.av Apos tant issue Prom Several angles Sieh £ . bodli€s~ som Beas.o5,27 i 3 29\ 4 5 a) Ans. Stone quavrsy . 8 Devsan & (man jas pad Proj CC Fame! Out 4 *The five majos-drought prone districts of Maharashtra State jor rainfall districts of Maharashtra State ge annual rainfall is maximum in Maharashtra State ff Maharashtra according to rainfall and befive districts where averal ollect the map showing the major divisions o Visit the stone quarries in the area where you live. Create a report there regarding water storage. ‘ information about the dam and pond nearby to your area, village or city fom on what can be done water. ye SnsecnarZ Vie) POF] OSe7Zail Oi}illin the blanks. re et a : Tn a itt vimnstwe ace ES fuvsdw and _b eC aS the POOLS Vorplente . g agricultune od ucHon renee ofNIC. ~avestin egy Pt —— subsistence . ts of the world’s oldest irrigation were found on | The method of well iigation where water is drained out with the help of a cow or oxen: Rahat ) The more popular method of irrigation in Maharashtra: 1 The King who built canals wih his own money 11) © King Ghuasuddin Tu ghiox (1220725) feto2 Tu ghlak (1351-86) Roy ies Cia Naes Ne Wivo AL CameraBe 2. 53, Answer in one to two sentences. | What is irrigation? ? pBOCESS OF AiVINgG excess Water to @tops Hthet thon Vain water is cole = Wain Fi oter ts called ‘kind of material is used for sprinkler irrigation? ga oe. method , esteg official from th € Ag FiCrdtHre aim ent claimed that ations Shane ? MOF the move qowdnds dip iraq at on has | Mime Prom sugar Care Famer. Re i Re Sintois(In APA SJOl0! WNIT)a Ans. Sp wINK 11 BAC ATON ans Canal ‘Find Out © “Information on how water carries without traditional ext © "Information on solar energy pump, pump depending on wind energy, cycle system, 3 hydrum system ternal energy “7 ¥ [Prepare a drip| irrigation device to water a plant. planted in the Kouse/yard/ backyard with the help of an empty saline bottle or an empty water bottle, Based on Hat calculate how many litres of water is saved if ohe plant is Ipeigated. Thus how iter will be sayed in an orchard of 1 acre area? Write the features 34United Council between the prensa of India and Bhutan was established ma a hyd netenologi Coland flooding to rivers between the (©) on Hy PULIP asfroject is the result of water resources development agreement ‘between India and Nepal. (@ Water has been considered as_Na:ti OM cel property in the National Water Policy. 2. Name the following. (@) The river considered to be life-giver in Israel: JOCAAN si¥Ort (6) The number of hydrometeorological centres established in Bhutan: 35 (©) The two ancient towns on the river Rohini: KAP i|aStu > KOVIA (@) Five water development boards established by the Maharashtra govt for completion of inrigation project:]K¢1ShNa volley development board, 7 Vi dhastbha toriqation development boast 2 ‘Tai Jmsiqation development burd 4) Mahal issigation eee topmen t boaral S) kph kan () The Committes in of review fh implementation Ot evans TTiw 01) Committee es _ Mark a ( /) on the True statements and (x ) on the False ones, eS aielclam Favailabilty of water per capita is Vivo Al camera) 35‘African country facing water conflict a I eet 2A Bt b=, do A in one to two sentences. are the main causes of decreasing water availability worldwide? Alailability is decseasing due tog wing ation industsjcul sahon , ancl manufacturing] all aspects of water pollution are included in its definition in the Water Pollution (Control and elimination) Act 1974? = The definitio 0 of water pollution in tne Secti en] ino! bidlogicat aspects of pollution ine lua in an health as well-as ‘the health Of pi ads and aquatic Animals: ‘cooperation agreement between India and Bangladesh. amis sions function is stasted in too The commission's Wosk is Water res OU BLES DANI SEY vies Study on woten Use iey=rHel5,27 19S 36i i )* What topic are covered under government policy of irigation? oa Prailable water and its equal cs*e> F yeriqation 3 | Financiad Ise of Water fox VEO anc as of water vesousces 4°] AE | Suse of ground water 6| ‘Geogsaphi cod APhicudties occured im Watert «CSOUECES p Stsucture 8] Waren plonning "| OFqanization fos ase o c_pasticipation - “11 lelelobeletg 2S (c)* Write the objectives of water planning in Maharashtra. NATION OCewt WheEN thene is VansufPicient yaiofal) in the state dusting Miansoon season undex the ivsigation yaojee COHOT StOGAGe 1D WAN! And Ao, akWadi NS 1688 | than @xpetted «In Such a Situation ane gov ment Issues aA cietulon to slotitise toa allocation oi th A VIEW OF Makin chang anit _ wadtext Alocation Planning while TMplemen Ling Weéigaton _péoqramm & in cetera o ack 1482 Fixst Psjotity Was giver z= iNcusts ial Heal ee 4 (=) (site Sa Vivo Al camera 7ieciate ee eee ee Sear te has been considered as “nation ¢ Yin National water poli Aerbs that can be substituted for washing clothes in washing Sine pith. MShikbkas and Vinegar “Two multi-purpose substances for better soil fertility: et waste Plantany leaves | (7) onthe SrGe statements and (X) on the False ones. in Rajasthan, utensils were washed by fine mica powder. =a (IOI) Soar " View Neen)incidents and factors involved in polluting water in daily life? g mouth jn mosning 2)-Shavin g. in th ming 8) To take A bath 1 ]Wwashing Clothe | ng utensils 6 [toilet clean @ of cosmen(s &) rituals an al Nismo! P 4. IL ere ne ent gas bage waste genatation proper iS po of generate| qoxbag © oa : age MOa.ste wecgeling: 7m | spa 6 Answer in bret | @* What will you do to prevent water contamination? Make a lst. ans Se Less plastic 2|Do not Nispose df oils in Mk 3] Do het ThxdLd Poway medicines |Gaxbage Disposai S]limit the use op 1S and Bleaches - éJUse Envizonmente ene 4 bereigents AVoIA Pestici cles ° No 2 j Pay ce ony 17 fivfowNbetinnisie=) Deena Os5) coll water use po not use sae tab eal en ¢ dainking and tos Fing 3] water Filtens T Goat HA ges «4 | Household ee When we Use Water the Soluble ingredients ast med | in it-1F we con separates them out then can | Buse that wotet again: IFwe can remove topic Polubl© contents fully Then it is useful fOw a Nici ut even Tf we ate able to wemove | 80 'TL-of- ene 00 tents tose We AN seuse this Woter for vadiinous Putpose. | suntny Li ie Singapose has adopted these chnidurs cries But it 1S dif Ficus Se postake the soluble jnared ents fx IShowonialZ 2 cian nnn so) Palo 45the 3Rs diagram of proper recycling of garbage as shown on page OS of and draw it in the space given below. Ee OS! Sinton ale a : € i Ser amiVAN IVA Ke laa ta) 2025 06:27, 19:Oy,(ote) os SETTER Alo) — ul 2 pa eee ta lil} the blanks. “oa water available due to the process of desalinating of seawater is suitable deintin 24 siaWtuighna industsi 2) use. “The Ministry of Urban Development of the Government of India will build smart cities along the coast which will use desalinated water. ‘The Purna river originates in the [> ttt belt of Madhya Pradesh. ‘Name the following. : j hoe largest desalination project in the world: SOK PSO ject Indian cities having ongoing desalination projects: —Tae | Nada , Andhwa Peaaesh An) Pond ich erry - Mark a (/) on the True statements and (X ) on the False ones. Israel’s entire domestic water is sourced from saline water, The average cost of converting seawater into sweet water can decrease with ‘more publie participation. Saline water has higher density and sinks underneath freshwater. Alot of people have been migrating tothe saline water belt in Maharashtra. Match the columns. a108 1 ee ALA U5 3204S oN. y would groundwater become saline in the saline water belt? About 1 lakh yeass ago, due to changes in the ical steuctune the land in the belt was exocled by 4500 meters These the Sea Water penttated Answer in brief. t efforts will have to >» be mado Ensure that groundwater in the saline belt does not ie saline? LO'GL 42'90'S202@ — *Information of water conservation in coastal/saline belts: reducing the increased salinity ‘soil through green manure “Check or find out the differences between saline water and fresh water based on __ scientific methods and complete the table. 49