MEDICAL LABORATORY

TECHNIQUES LEVEL IV

TVET CURRICULUM
Based on version-4
Occupational Standard (OS)

February 2022
Adiss Ababa
 Preface
The reformed TVET-System is an outcome-based system. It utilizes the needs of the labor
market and occupational requirements from the world of work as the benchmark and standard
for TVET delivery. The requirements from the world of work are analyzed and documented
taking into account international benchmarking as occupational standards (OS).

In the reformed TVET-System, curricula and curriculum development play an important role
with regard to quality driven TVET-Delivery. Curricula help to facilitate the learning process
in a way, that trainees acquire the set of occupational competences (skills, knowledge and
attitude) required at the working place and defined in the occupational standards (OS)..

This curriculum has been developed by a group of experts from different Regional TVET-
Authorities based on the occupational standard for Medical Laboratory Techniques Level IV.
It has the character of a model curriculum and is an example on how to transform the
occupational requirements as defined in the respective occupational standard into an adequate
curriculum.

The curriculum development process has been actively supported and facilitated by the
Ministry of Health and Ministry of labor and skill.

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Ministry of Labor and Skills Level IV February 2022
TVET-Program Design

1.1. TVET-Program Title: Medical Laboratory Techniques Level IV

1.2. TVET-Program Description

The Program is designed to develop the necessary knowledge, skills and attitude of the
learners to the standard required by the occupation. The contents of this program are in line
with the occupational standard. Learners who successfully completed the Program will be
qualified to work as a Medical Laboratory Technician with competencies elaborated in the
respective OS. Graduates of the program will have the required qualification to work in the
health sector in the field of Medical Laboratory.

The prime objective of this training program is to equip the learners with the identified
competences specified in the OS. Graduates are therefore expected to Perform Hematological
Tests, Perform Microbiological, Use Info-technology Devices in the Workplace, Perform
Serological Tests, Perform Clinical Chemistry Tests, Perform Immuno-Haematological Tests,
Implement Laboratory Quality Assurance, and Prepare Histopathological Samples for
Examination, Manage Community Health Service, Prevent and Eliminate MUDA in
accordance with the performance criteria described in the OS.

1.3. TVET-Program Learning Outcomes

The expected outputs of this program are the acquisition and implementation of the
following units of competence:

HLT MLT4 01 1121 Use Info-technology Devices in the Workplace

HLT MLT4 02 1121 Perform Microbiological
HLT MLT4 03 1121 Perform Hematological Tests
HLT MLT4 04 1121 Perform Serological Tests
HLT MLT4 06 1121 Perform Clinical Chemistry Tests
HLT MLT4 05 1121 Perform Immuno-Haematological Tests
HLT MLT4 07 1121 Prepare Histopathological Samples for Examination
HLT MLT4 08 1121 Implement Laboratory Quality Assurance
HLT MLT4 09 1121 Manage Community Health Service
HLT MLT4 10 1121 Prevent and Eliminate MUDA

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 1.4. Duration of the TVET-Program

The Program will have duration of 1658 hours including the on-the-job practice or
cooperative training time .
s.no Unit competency On school training Cooperative Total Remarks
Theory Practical training hours
Use Info-technology Devices in the 40 30 - 70
1.
Workplace
2. Perform Microbiological 200 70 80 350
3. Perform Hematological Tests 120 70 60 250
4. Perform Serological Tests 100 50 50 200
5. Perform Clinical Chemistry Tests 120 70 60 250
6. Perform Immuno-Haematological Tests 90 40 50 180
Prepare Histopathological Samples for 80 40 20 140
7.
Examination
8. Implement Laboratory Quality Assurance 50 20 20 90
9. Manage Community Health Service 32 - 40 72
10. Prevent and Eliminate MUDA 24 16 16 56
11. Total hours 856 406 396 1658

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1.5. Qualification Level and Certification

Based on the descriptors elaborated on the Ethiopian National TVET Qualification

Framework (NTQF) the qualification of this specific TVET Program is “Level IV”.

The learner will not be awarded any certificate before completion of all the modules that are
designed for the exit in level IV.

1.6. Target Groups

Any citizen who meets the entry requirements set by the concerned organization for the
academic year and capable of participating in the learning activities is entitled to take part in
the Program.

1.7 Entry Requirements

The prospective participants of this program are required to possess the requirements or
directive of the ministry of labor and skill.

1.8 Mode of Delivery

This TVET-Program is characterized as a formal Program on middle level technical skills.

The mode of delivery is co-operative training. The TVET-institution and identified
companies have forged an agreement to co-operate with regard to implementation of this
program. The time spent by the trainees in the industry will give them enough exposure to
the actual world of work and enable them to get hands-on experience.

The co-operative approach will be supported with school-based lecture-discussion, simulation

and actual practice. These modalities will be utilized before the trainees are exposed to the
industry environment.

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 1.9. TVET Program Structure

Duration
Unit of Competence Module Code & Title Learning Outcomes
(In Hours)

Use Info-technology HLT MLT4 M01 0222 Using Info-  Identify info Techniques systems 70
Devices in the technology Devices  Access and operate computer-
Workplace in the Workplace based equipment and systems
 Store and present files/data
 Implement work place procedure
for management and security of
data.
 Shut down computer

Perform HLT MLT4 M02 0222 Performing  Identify concept of microbiology 350
Microbiological Tests Microbiological Tests  Receive samples and process
associated request forms
 Prepare for safe microbiological
work and aseptic technique
applications
 Prepare and perform direct
examination
 Perform examination of stained
samples

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  Prepare culture media
 Sterilize media
 Pour, label and store media
 Perform quality control checks
 Maintain records of laboratory
work

Perform Hematological HLT MLT4 M03 0222 Performing 250

Tests Hematological Tests  Identify concept of hematology

 Process samples and associated

request details
 Perform basic hematology tests
 Maintain a safe environment

 Maintain laboratory records

Perform Serological HLT MLT4 M04 0222 Performing  Identify concept of immunology 200
Tests Serological Tests and serology
 Process samples
 Perform tests
 Maintain laboratory records
 Maintain a safe environment

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Perform Clinical HLT MLT4 M05 0222 Performing Clinical  Identify concept of clinical 250
Chemistry Tests Chemistry Tests chemistry
 Review test requirements
 Process samples
 Check equipment before use
 Perform Clinical Chemistry
Tests
 Process and interpret data
 Maintain laboratory records
 Maintain a safe work
environment

Perform Immuno HLT MLT4 M06 0222 Performing Immuno  Identify concept of 180
Haematological Tests Haematological Tests Immunohematology
 Process samples and associated
request forms
 Perform tests
 Maintain a safe environment
 Maintain laboratory records

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Prepare HLT MLT4 M07 0222 Preparing  Assemble equipment and 140
Histopathological Histopathological materials
Samples for Samples for  Process tissue
Examination Examination  Stain sections
 Maintain a safe work
environment

Implement Laboratory HLT MLT4 M08 0222 Implementing  Identify the Concept quality 90
Quality Assurance Laboratory Quality assurance
Assurance  Prepare document and record
 Implement quality Pre-analytic
process
 Implement quality analytic
process
 Implement quality post- analytic
process
 Conduct Process improvement
activities

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Manage Community HLT MLT4 M09 0222 Managing  Follow organizational guidelines, 72
Health Service Community Health understand health policy and
Service service delivery system
 Plan, manage, monitor and
evaluate health system
 Lead and build individual‟s and
team‟s capacity

Prevent and Eliminate HLT MLT4 M10 0222 Preventing and  Prepare for work. 56
MUDA Eliminating MUDA  Identify MUDA and problem
 Analyze causes of a problem
 Eliminate MUDA and Assess
effectiveness of the solution.
 Prevent occurrence of wastes and
sustain operation.

*The time duration (Hours) indicated for the module should include all activities in and out of the TVET institution.

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 1.10 Institutional Assessment

Two types of evaluation will be used in determining the extent to which learning outcomes
are achieved. The specific learning outcomes are stated in the modules. In assessing them,
verifiable and observable indicators and standards shall be used.

The formative assessment is incorporated in the learning modules and form part of the
learning process. Formative evaluation provides the trainee with feedback regarding success
or failure in attaining learning outcomes. It identifies the specific learning errors that need to
be corrected, and provides reinforcement for successful performance as well. For the teacher,
formative evaluation provides information for making instruction and remedial work more
effective.

Summative Evaluation the other form of evaluation is given when all the modules in the
program have been accomplished. It determines the extent to which competence have been
achieved. And, the result of this assessment decision shall be expressed in the term
„competent or not yet competent‟.

Techniques or tools for obtaining information about trainees‟ achievement include oral or
written test, demonstration and on-site observation.

1.11 TVET Teachers Profile

The teachers conducting this particular TVET Program are A Level and have satisfactory
practical experiences or equivalent qualifications.

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 LEARNING MODULE 01
TVET-PROGRAMME TITLE: Medical Laboratory Techniques IV
MODULE TITLE : Using Info-Techniques Devices in the Workplace
MODULE CODE : HLT MLT4 M01 0222
NOMINAL DURATION : 70 Hours
MODULE DESCRIPTION : This module covers the knowledge, skills and attitude required
to use devices in the workplace including identifying info Techniques equipment and systems ;
setting up and shutting down equipment for use ; and inputting, retrieving and presenting
files/data in accordance with work requirements.
LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the module the learner will be able to:
LO1. Identify info Techniques systems
LO2. Access and operate computer-based equipment and systems
LO3. Store and present files/data
LO4. Implement work place procedure for management and security of data.
LO5. Shut down computer
MODULE CONTENTS:
LO1. Identify info Techniques systems
1.1. Identifying types of info Techniques equipment
1.2. Identifying functions of equipment, component parts and accessories
1.3. Interpreting applications for workplace activities of the different info Techniques
equipment and systems
1.4. Identifying routine faults in operating systems, software applications and operator errors
1.5. Identifying sources of information on rectifying/reporting faults with operating
equipment, systems and application

LO2. Access and operate computer-based equipment and systems

2.1. Adjusting work environments
2.2. Accessing and checking systems for viruses
2.3. Setting up equipment for work requirements
2.4. Using operating manuals and/or help screens for info Techniques equipment and
software
2.5. Selecting and Accessing software packages and accessories

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 2.6. Identifying required file and/or data to be accessed
2.7. Filling files/data
2.8. Following Shut-down procedures for files, applications and equipment

LO3. Store and present files/data

3.1. Entering data using appropriate equipment
3.2. Confirming accurate input
3.3. Accessing files
3.4. Manipulating data and checking for accuracy
3.5. Accessing saved files through relevant directories
3.6. Storing information and disk(s)
3.7. Presenting and saving information

LO4. Implement work place procedure for management and security of data.
4.1. Following security procedures
4.2. Following precautions against the loss or corruption of data

LO5. Shut down computer

5.1. Closing all open applications
5.2. Shutting down computer

Learning Methods:
 Interactive lecture
 Group discussion
 Demonstration
 Simulation
 Group assignment
 Individual assignment
Assessment Methods:
 Continuous assessments (quiz, assignment, tests etc.).
 Oral questioning
 Skill check out
 Final written exam

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Assessment Criteria
LO1. Identify info Techniques systems
 Types of info Techniques equipment used in the work area are identified
 Functions of equipment, component parts and accessories are identified
 Applications for workplace activities of the different info Techniques equipment and
systems are interpreted
 Routine faults in operating systems, software applications and operator errors are
identified
 Sources of information on rectifying/reporting faults with operating equipment, systems
and application are identified

LO2. Access and operate computer-based equipment and systems

 Work environments and equipment are adjusted to meet ergonomic requirements and
workplace policy and procedures
 Systems are accessed and checked where required for viruses
 Equipment are set up for work requirements in accordance with workplace procedures
and manufacturers guidelines
 Operating manuals and/or help screens for info Techniques equipment and software are
used to inform work practices
 Software packages and accessories for required application are selected and accessed
 Required file and/or data to be accessed is identified
 Files/data are filed according to workplace
 Shut-down procedures for files, applications and equipment are followed

LO3. Store and present files/data

 Data is entered using appropriate equipment, keyboard/mouse, bar code reader, touch
screen or other system
 Accurate input is confirmed
 Files are accessed in accordance with workplace procedures
 Data is manipulated to suit work requirements and checked for accuracy
 Saved files are accessed through relevant directories
 Information and disk(s) are stored where appropriate
 Information is presented using computerized projection saved where necessary.

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LO4. Implement work place procedure for management and security of data.
 Security procedures are followed in accordance with workplace procedures
 Precautions against the loss or corruption of data are followed in accordance with
workplace procedures

LO5. Shut down computer

 All open applications are closed.
 Computer is shut down according to user procedures.

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 Annex: Resource Requirements
HLT MLT 4 M01 0222
Using Info-Techniques Devices in the Workplace
Recommended
Item Description/
Category/Item Quantity Ratio
No. Specifications
(Item: Learner)
A. Learning Materials
 Flip chart
1. TTLM  Posters 25 1:1
 Job aids
 Training
2. Textbooks modules 25 1:1
 Text books
3. Reference Books 10 1:3
4. Journals/Publication/Magazines
Learning Facilities &
B.
Infrastructure
1. Lecture Room 5*5m 1 1:25
Standard (colleges
2. Library 1
library)
Computer library Standard
Internet service Standard
C. Consumable Materials
1. Paper and Check list Standard 5rim 1:5
2. Pen Standard
3 Pencil and rubber Standard As required
4 Graph paper Standard
5 Bucher paper Standard 10 1:3
6 Art line marker Standard 12 per pack
7 Printer ink HP Laser Jet 4
8 White board marker 6 per pack 15
9 Plaster Rol3
D. Tools and Equipments
1. Computer Lap top 1 1:25
2. LCD projector LCD Projector 1 1:25
3. Printer Standard 1 1:25
4 Photocopy machine Standard 1 1:25
5 Scanner Standard 1 1:25
6 Back up Standard 1 1:25
7 White board 110X80mm 1 1:25
8 Slide projector Standard 1 1:25
9 Audio-Visual materials Standard 1 1:25

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 LEARNING MODULE 02
TVET-PROGRAMME TITLE: Medical Laboratory Techniques level IV
MODULE TITLE : Performing Microbiological Tests
MODULE CODE : HLT MLT 4 M02 0222
NOMINAL DURATION : 350 Hours
MODULE DESCRIPTION : This module covers knowledge, skills and attitude required to
identify microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses using staining techniques and direct
examination procedures, and to prepare culture media for culture, isolation and identification of
micro-organisms in order to investigate the physiology and pathology of human.
LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the module the learner will be able to:
LO1. Identify concept of microbiology
LO2. Receive samples and process associated request forms
LO3. Prepare for safe microbiological work and aseptic technique applications
LO4. Prepare and perform direct examination
LO5. Perform examination of stained samples
LO6. Prepare culture media
LO7. Sterilize media
LO8. Pour, label and store media
LO9. Perform quality control checks
LO10. Maintain records of laboratory work

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 MODULE CONTENTS:
LO1. Identify concept of microbiology
1.1. Identifying concept of microbiology
1.2. Identifying classification of microorganisms and effects of microorganisms
1.3. Identifying testing methodology of microbiology examinations
1.4. Identifying Microscope set up and use

LO2. Receive samples and process associated request forms

2.1. Accepting check samples and request form details
2.2. Returning samples and request forms that do not comply with requirements
2.3. Logging samples and chain of custody
2.4. Distributing and dispatching samples
2.5. Storing samples appropriately

LO3. Prepare for safe microbiological work and aseptic technique applications
3.1. Selecting work area and required equipment
3.2. Wearing Protective apparel
3.3. Applying correct disinfection procedures
3.4. Locating relevant emergency equipment
3.5. Applying standard precautions
3.6. Minimizing the production and release of aerosols using biological safety cabinets
3.7. Cleaning and reporting spills
3.8. Washing hands before and after laboratory work
3.9. Ensuring safe disposal of biohazardous materials and other laboratory wastes

LO4. Prepare and perform direct examination

4.1. Preparing liquid films (wet mount) of specimens
4.2. Preparing samples for microscopy
4.3. Performing wet film examination
4.4. Recording results
4.5. Verifying results
4.6. Storing unused sample or sample components for retesting

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LO5. Perform examination of stained samples
5.1. Selecting staining techniques
5.2. Preparing films/smears of samples for staining
5.3. Staining prepared films
5.4. Performing examination of stained smears
5.5. Recording results
5.6. Verifying results
5.7. Storing unused sample or sample components for future reference and retesting

LO6. Prepare culture media

6.1. Preparing mixture of media and solvent
6.2. Labeling media
6.3. Using large vessel for mixing and heating of the media
6.4. Dispensing media into vessels

LO7. Sterilize media

7.1. Loading the sterilizer
7.2. Placing a sterilization indicator
7.3. Operating sterilization cycle
7.4. Cooling the media

LO8. Pour, label and store media

8.1. Adding heat labile constituents
8.2. Ensuring even mixing of additives and media
8.3. Dispensing media
8.4. Labeling media
8.5. Storing media
8.6. Dating batch media
8.7. Incubating control plates

LO9. Perform quality control checks

9.1. Inspecting media
9.2. Checking usability of selective media
9.3. Checking stored stocks

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LO10. Maintain records of laboratory work
10.1. Making entries on report forms or into computer systems accurately calculating,
recording or transcribing data
10.2. Maintaining instrument logs
10.3. Maintaining Security and confidentiality

Learning Methods:
 Interactive lecture
 Group discussion
 Demonstration
 Group assignment
 Individual assignment
Assessment Methods:
 Continuous assessments (quiz, assignment, tests etc.).
 Oral questioning
 Skill check out
 Final written exam
Assessment Criteria
LO1. Identify concept of microbiology
 Concept of microbiology is identified
 Classification microorganisms and effects of microorganisms are identified
 Testing methodology of microbiology examinations is identified
 Microscope set up and use are identified

LO2. Receive samples and process associated request forms

 Check samples and request form details before they are accepted
 Samples and request forms that do not comply with requirements to source are returned
with reasons for non-acceptance
 Samples, recording details that allow accurate tracking and chain of custody are logged
 Distribute samples for local testing or dispatch samples to other testing facilities
 Samples are stored appropriately where testing or transport is to be delayed

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LO3. Prepare for safe microbiological work and aseptic technique applications
 Work area and equipment required for the safe handling of materials that may contain
micro-organisms of specified risk groups are selected
 Protective apparel is worn by replacing it when contamination is suspected
 Correct disinfection procedures are applied to work areas before and after use
 Relevant emergency equipment are located for timely response to microbiological
accidents
 Standard precautions are applied when handling biological materials
 The production and release of aerosols are minimized using biological safety cabinets
where necessary
 Spills are cleaned, and all spills and suspected incidents reported to supervisor
 Hands are washed before and after laboratory work
 The safe disposal of biohazardous materials and other laboratory wastes are ensured in
accordance with enterprise procedures

LO4. Prepare and perform direct examination

 Liquid films of specimens are prepared for direct observation for motility or cell structure
 Samples are prepared to concentrate material for subsequent microscopy
 Examination wet film is performed using microscopy for identification of micro-
organisms
 All results, noting any phenomena that may be relevant to the interpretation of results are
recorded
 Results are verified before releasing for clinician/client
 Unused sample or sample components are stored for possible future reference, under
conditions suitable to maintain viability
 Tested sample or sample components are stored according to organizational sample
retention policy for retesting when requested

LO5. Perform examination of stained samples

 Staining techniques are selected to demonstrate required cellular characteristics
 Films/Smears of samples for subsequent staining are prepared to enable microscopic
identification of cells
 Prepared films are stained to demonstrate diagnostically useful characteristics

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Ministry of Labor and Skills Level IV February 2022
  Examination stained film is performed using microscopy for identification of micro-
organisms
 All results, noting any phenomena that may be relevant to the interpretation of results are
recorded
 Results are verified before releasing for clinician/client
 Unused sample or sample components are stored for possible future reference, under
conditions suitable to maintain viability
 Tested sample or sample components are stored according to organizational sample
retention policy for retesting when requested

LO6. Prepare culture media

 Mixture of media and solvent are prepared to ensure solution and even settling of heat
soluble materials
 Media is labeled to allow tracking in subsequent processes
 A vessel large enough is used to endure adequate mixing and heating of the media
 Media is dispensed into vessels for sterilization, leaving room for expansion during
heating and cooling

LO7. Sterilize media

 The sterilizer is load in keeping with maximum permitted loads and appropriate
positioning of materials
 Ensure a sterilization indicator is correctly placed with the load to monitor sterilization
process
 Sterilization cycle is operated in accordance with manufacturer's requirements to achieve
sterilization at the required settings
 Media cooled to the temperature specified in the media formulation procedures

LO8. Pour, label and store media

 Labile constituents are added where necessary, under conditions that will not lead to their
denaturation or contamination of media
 Even mixing of additives and media is ensured before dispensing
 Media is aseptically dispensed to minimize occurrence of procedural contamination
 Media is labeled to allow for selection, avoiding areas of the culture vessel required for

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 examination of colony growth
 Media is stored to maximize shelf life and minimize contamination
 Batch media is dated to ensure correct batch rotation
 Control plates are incubated as a sterility check

LO9. Perform quality control checks

 Media is inspected for any evidence of possible contamination or problems with structure
or sterilization
 Usability of selective media is checked by growth of expected organism
 Stored stocks are checked at regular intervals for conformance to required standards
LO10. Maintain records of laboratory work
 Entries on report forms or into computer systems are made accurately calculating,
recording or transcribing data, as required
 Instrument logs are maintained as required by accreditation checklists
 Security and confidentiality of all clinical information, laboratory data and records are
maintained

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 Annex: Resource Requirements
HLT MLT 4 M02 0222
Performing Microbiological Tests
Recommended
Item Description/
Category/Item Quantity Ratio
No. Specifications
(Item: Learner)
A. Learning Materials
 Flip chart
1. TTLM  Posters 25 1:1
 Job aids
 Training
2. Textbooks modules 25 1:1
 Text books
Text book Microbiology and Subhash Chandra
Immunology T Parija. 2nd Edition;
2.1
2012

3. Reference Books 10 1:3

Essentials of Medical Rajesh Bhatia.
fourth edition;2013
3.1. Microbiology

District Laboratory Practice in Monica

Tropical Countries Part 2 Cheesbrough.
3.2. 5 1:5
Second
Edition; 2009
Medical Microbiology Jawetz, Melnick, &
3.3. Adelberg‟s.Twenty
six edition; 2010
4. Journals/Publication/Magazines 10 1:3
Learning Facilities &
B.
Infrastructure
1. Lecture Room 5*5m 1 1:25
2. Library Standard 1 1:25

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 3 Demonstration room 5*10 1 1:25
4 Transportation service
C. Consumable Materials
1. Paper and Check list Standard 5rim 1:5
2. Lens paper or soft tissue paper Standard
3 Filter paper Standard
4 Pen Standard
5 Tissue labeling material Standard As
6 Pencil and rubber Standard required
7 Graph paper Standard
8 Bucher paper Standard 10 1:3
9 Art line marker Standard 12 / pack
10 Printer ink Standard 4 1:25
11 White board marker Standard 15
12 Plaster Standard 2 roll 1:13
13 immersion oil Standard 2 bottles 1:13
14 normal saline Standard 2 bottles 1:13
15 Droppers/pipette Standard
16 Indian Ink reagent Standard 2 bottles 1:13
18 70% Alcohol Standard 2 bottles 1:13
17 KOH reagent Standard 2 bottles 1:13
18 Crystal Violet Standard 2 bottles 1:13
19 Iodine Standard 2 bottles 1:13
20 Acetone Standard 2 bottles 1:13
21 Safranin Standard 2 bottles 1:13
22 Carbol-fuchsin Standard 2 bottles 1:13
24 Acid-Alcohol Standard 2 bottles 1:13
25 Methylene blue/Malachite green Standard 2 bottles 1:13
26 Sterile cotton wool swab Standard
27 Different conc. Of alcohol Standard 2 bottles 1:13
28 Wooden tongue blades Standard
29 Sterile gauze and Dressing pack Standard
30 Water and soap Standard

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 31 Laboratory request form Standard
32 Culture media (different types) Standard 1 tin each
33 Applicator stick Standard
34 PAS reagents Standard 2 bottles 1:13
35 Lacto phenol cotton blue Standard 2 bottles 1:13
36 Acridine orange Standard 2 bottles 1:13
36 Potassium per manganet Standard 2 bottles 1:13
37 Bleach Standard 2 bottles 1:13
D. Tools and Equipments
1. Computer Lap top 1 1:25
LCD Projector
2. LCD projector 1 1:25
Sony
3. light Microscopes Standard 12 1:2
4. Funnels Standard 6 1:4
5. Forceps Standard 12 1:2
6. Bunsen burner Standard 5 1:5
7. Droppers/pipette Standard 25 1:1
Wide-necked, leak-proof Standard
8. 12 1:2
containers
Plastic containers for waste Standard
9. 5 1:5
disposal
10. Wire loop Standard 6 1:4
11. Petri dish Standard 10 1:3
12. Surgical blade Standard 5 1:5
13. Staining rack HP Laser Jet 1 1:25
14. Autoclaves Canon 1 1:25
15. Incubator Smart 1 1:25
16. Water bath Smart 1 1:25
Micro radiation chemical 110X80mm
17. 1 1:25
treatments
18. Balance Standard 1 1:25
19. Audio-Visual materials Standard 1 1:25
20. Volumetric glass wares Standard 12 1:2
21. Laboratory coat Standard 25 1:1
22. Apron Standard 25 1:1
23. Basins dust bin Standard 5 1:5
24. Masks Standard 25 1:1
25. Sharp containers Standard 5 1:5
26. Refrigerators Standard 1 1:25
27 LED Microscope Standard 6 1:4

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 LEARNING MODULE 3
TVET-PROGRAMME TITLE: Medical Laboratory Techniques level IV
MODULE TITLE : Performing Hematological Tests
MODULE CODE : HLT MLT4 M03 0222
NOMINAL DURATION : 250 Hours

MODULE DESCRIPTION : This module covers knowledge, skills and attitude required to
identify concepts of physiology and anatomy of human hematopoietic organs, function,
activity and interactions of cellular and plasma components of blood, and principle of testing
methodology, and prepares samples for basic hematological tests.
LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the module the learner will be able to:

LO1. Identify concept of hematology

LO2. Process samples and associated request details
LO3. Perform basic hematology tests
LO4. Maintain a safe environment
LO5. Maintain laboratory records
MODULE CONTENTS:
LO1. Identify concept of hematology
1.1. Identifying concepts of hematology
1.2. Identifying process of blood cells production
1.3. Identifying classification blood cells
1.4. Identifying Testing methodology of hematological tests
1.5. Identifying Microscope set up and use

LO2. Process samples and associated request details

2.1. Accepting samples and request details
2.2. Sorting specimens
2.3. Returning samples and request forms that do not comply with requirements with
reasons for non-acceptance
2.4. logging acceptable samples and request forms
2.5. Processing samples as required by requested tests
2.6. Storing samples and sample components appropriately

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 2.7. Preparing blood film for hematological tests
2.8. Processing different staining procedures required in hematological tests

LO3. Perform basic hematology tests

3.1. Selecting authorized tests procedure
3.2. performing Complete Blood Count (CBC) (Manual and Automated method)
3.3. Conducting Hemoglobin (Hg)test
3.4. Caring out Hematocrit (HCT) determination
3.5. Determining Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
3.6. Calculating Red Blood Cell (RBC) indices
3.7. Interpreting and reporting test results
3.8. Looking for advice of colleague when result interpretation is outside unusual
3.9. Recording results.
3.10. Verifying results
3.11. Performing communication of test results
3.12. Retaining tested sample or sample components

LO4. Maintain a safe environment

4.1. Using established Occupational Health Safety (OHS)
4.2. Cleaning up Spills
4.3. Minimizing generation of wastes
4.4. Ensuring safe disposal of biohazardous materials and other laboratory wastes

LO5. Maintain laboratory records

5.1. Making entries on report forms or into computer systems, calculating accurately,
recording or transcribing required data
5.2. Updating instrument maintenance logs
5.3. Maintaining security and confidentiality
LEARNING METHODS:
 Lecture
 Demonstration
 Simulation
 Exercise
 Individual assignment

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 ASSESSMENT METHODS:
 Interview
 Written test
 Demonstration/Observation
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

LO1. Identify concept of hematology

 Concept of hematology is identified
 Process of production of blood cells is identified
 Classification blood cells are identified
 Testing methodology of hematological tests are identified
 Microscope set up and use are identified

LO2. Process samples and associated request details

 Check samples and request details are accepted
 Specimens are sorted according to tests requested, urgent status and volume
 Samples and request forms that do not comply with requirements to their source are
returned with reasons for non-acceptance
 Acceptable samples and request forms are logged by applying required document
tracking mechanisms
 Samples are processed as required by requested tests
 Samples and sample components are stored appropriately until ready for testing
 Blood film is prepared for hematological tests
 Different staining procedures required in hematological tests are processed
LO3. Perform basic hematology tests
 Authorized tests procedure that are indicated for the requested investigations is selected
 Complete Blood Count (CBC)is performed (Manual and Automated method)
 Hemoglobin (Hg)test is conducted
 Hematocrit (HCT) determination is carried out
 Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) is determined
 Red Blood Cell (RBC) indices are calculated
 Tests results ,noting any phenomena that may be relevant to the interpretation of results
are interpreted and reported

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  Advice of section head or other responsible colleague is sought when result
interpretation is outside parameters of authorized approval
 All results are recorded on laboratory log books and/or laboratory information system
soft ware‟s
 Results are verified before releasing for clinician/client
 Communication of test results is performed
 Tested sample or sample components are stored according to organizational sample
retention policy for retesting when requested

LO4. Maintain a safe environment

 Established Occupational Health Safety (OHS)work practices and personal protective
equipment are used to ensure personal safety and that of other laboratory personnel
 Spills are cleaned up using appropriate techniques to protect personnel, work area and
environment from contamination
 The generation of wastes is minimized
 Ensure the safe disposal of biohazardous materials and other laboratory wastes in
accordance with enterprise procedures

LO5. Maintain laboratory records

 Make entries on report forms or into computer systems, accurately calculating,
recording or transcribing required data as required
 Instrument maintenance logs are updated as required by accreditation requirements
 Security and confidentiality of all clinical information, laboratory data and records are
maintained

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 Annex: Resource Requirements
HLT MLT 4 M03 0222
Performing Hematological Tests
Item Category/Item Description/ Quantity Recommended
No. Specifications Ratio
(Item: Learner)
A. Learning Materials
 Flip chart
1. TTLM  Posters 25 1:1
 Job aids
 Training modules
2. Textbooks
 Text books
2.1 Wintrobe‟s Clinical John P. Greer et al.
5 1:5
Hematology Fourteen edition; 2018
3. Reference Books 

Williams Hematology Kenneth Kaushansky et

3.1
al. Ninth Edition; 2015

Clinical Laboratory Shirlyn B. McKenzie, J.

3.2 Hematology Lynne Williams. Third

Edition; 2014

3.3 Clinical Hematology Mary Louise Turgeon. 5 1:5

Theory and Procedures Sixteen edition; 2018

Hematology for Medical Sahile Mariam Z; 2007

3.4 Laboratory Technology
students Lecture note series
Journals/Publication/Magazi
4. 10 1:3
nes
Learning Facilities &
B.
Infrastructure
1. Lecture Room 5*5m 1 1:30
2. Library Standard 1

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 3. Demonstration room Standard 1 1:6
C. Consumable Materials
1. Paper Standard 5rim 1:5
2. Pen Standard
3 Pencil and rubber Standard
4 Graph paper Standard
5 Bucher paper Standard 10 1:3
6 Marker Standard 12 per pack
7 Printer ink Standard 4
8 White board marker Standard 15
9 Laboratory reagents Standard
10 Cotton Standard 2 roll
11 Plaster Standard 2 roll
12 Sodium citrate powder 1 tin
13 Masks Standard 25 1:1
14 Test tubes Standard 25 1:1
15 WBC diluting fluid Standard 2 bottle 1:13
Slide Standard 50 pk of 50
16
pcs
17 Distilled water Standard 2 bottle 1:13
18 Romanowsky stains Standard 2 bottle 1:13
19 1% ammonium oxalet Standard 2 bottle 1:13
20 Paster pipette Standard 25 1:1
21 Trisodium citrate, 3.8g/l Standard 2 bottle 1:13
22 Oil immersion Standard 2 bottle 1:13
23 Sealant Standard 1 1:25
24 0.1%HCL Standard 2 bottle 1:13
25 Anticoagulants Standard 1 1:
D. Tools and Equipment
1. Computer Lap top 1 1:25
2. LCD projector LCD Projector 1 1:25
3. Printer Laser Jet 1 1:25
4 Photocopy machine Standard 1 1:25

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 5 Scanner Standard 1 1:25
6 Back up Standard 1 1:25
7 White board 110X80mm 1 1:25
8 Microscope Standard 12 1:2
9 Haematology analyser Standard 1 1:25
10 Laboratory glass wares Standard 25 1:1
11 General Centrifuge Standard 3 1:8
12 Microscopic mirror Standard 3 1:9
13 Balances Standard 5 1:5
14 Water bath Standard 2 1:10
15 Laboratory Coat Standard 25 1:1
16 Goggle Standard 25 1:1
17 Apron Standard 25 1:1
18 Basins Standard 4 1:6
19 Dust bin Standard 5 1:5
20 sharp container (safety box) Standard 10 1:2
21 Auto clave Standard 1 1:25
22 Analytical balance Standard 1 1:25
23 Flasks Standard 10 1:3
24 Hemocytometer Neubauer 10 1:3
25 hemocytometer cover slide Standard 10 1:3
26 micropipette Standard 15 1:2
27 Westergren-Katz tube: Standard 25 1:1
28 Westergren rack / stand Standard 5 1:5
29 Rubber teat or pipette filler Standard 25 1:1
30 Hemo meter Sahli Helge 10 1:2
31 Hot air oven Standard 1 1:25
32 Timer Standard 10 1:3
33 Staining rack Standard 2 1:12
34 Capillary tube Standard 5 1:5
36 PCV reader Standard 5 1:5
37 Microhematocrit centrifuge Standard 2 1:12

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 LEARNING MODULE 04

TVET-PROGRAMME TITLE: Medical Laboratory Techniques Level IV

MODULE TITLE : Performing Serological Tests
MODULE CODE : HLT MLT4 M04 0222
NOMINAL DURATION : 200 Hours
MODULE DESCRIPTION : This module covers the knowledge, skills and attitude required to
identified concepts of immunology, serology, perform different serological tests and procedures.

LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the module the learner will be able to:
LO1. Identify concept of immunology and serology
LO2. Process samples
LO3. Perform tests
LO4. Maintain laboratory records
LO5. Maintain a safe environment
MODULE CONTENTS:
LO1. Identify concept of immunology and serology
1.1 Identifying concepts of antigen and antibody
1.2 Identifying principle of antigen and antibody reaction
1.3 Identifying factors affecting antigen and antibody reaction
1.4 Identifying methodology of serological tests

LO2. Process samples

2.1. Checking and matching samples and request forms.
2.2. Returning samples and request forms that do not comply with requirements
2.3. Logging acceptable samples
2.4. Processing samples
2.5. Storing sample components.
LO3. Perform tests
3.1. Selecting tests
3.2. Conducting serological tests.
3.3. Recording and interpreting serological test results.

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 3.4. Discussing result interpretation
3.5. Verifying results
3.6. Storing tested sample

LO4. Maintain laboratory records

4.1. Making entries on report forms or into computer systems/laboratory information system
4.2. Maintaining instrument logs
4.3. Maintaining records of samples received.
4.4. Maintaining security and confidentiality

LO5. Maintain a safe environment

5.1. Using established work practices and PPE
5.2. Minimizing waste generation
5.3. Ensuring the safe disposal of biohazard materials and other laboratory wastes.

Learning Methods:
 Interactive lecture
 Group discussion
 Demonstration
 Group assignment
 Individual assignment
Assessment Methods:
 Continuous assessments (quiz, assignment, tests etc.).
 Oral questioning (Interview)
 Skill check out (Demonstration/Practical)
 Final written exam
Assessment Criteria
LO1. Identify concept of immunology and serology
 Concept of antigen and antibody are identified
 Principle of antigen and antibody reaction are identified
 Factors affection antigen and antibody reaction are identified
 Methodology of serological tests are identified

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 LO2. Process samples
 Samples and request forms are checked and matched before they are accepted.
 Samples and request forms that do not comply with requirements are returned to their
source with reasons for non-acceptance.
 Acceptable samples are logged by applying required document tracking mechanisms.
 Samples are processed as required by requested tests.
 Sample components are stored appropriately until required for testing
LO3. Perform tests
 Authorized tests that are indicated for the requested investigations are selected.
 Individual serological tests are conducted according to documented methodologies,
applying required quality control procedures.
 All results, noting any phenomena that may be relevant to the interpretation of results are
recorded.
 When result interpretation is outside parameters of authorized approval is discussed with
colleague
 Results are verified before releasing for clinician/client
 Tested sample or sample components are stored according to organizational sample
retention policy for retesting when requested
LO4. Maintain laboratory records
 Entries on report forms or into computer systems/laboratory information system are made
accurately, recording or transcribing required data as required.
 Instrument logs are maintained as required.
 Records of urine received are maintained.
 Security and confidentiality of all clinical information, laboratory data and records are
maintained
LO5. Maintain a safe environment
 Established work practices and PPE are used to ensure personal safety and that of other
laboratory personnel.
 Spills are cleaned up using appropriate techniques to protect personnel, work area and
environment from contamination.
 The generation of wastes is minimized.
 The safe disposal of biohazard materials and other laboratory wastes is ensured in
accordance with enterprise procedures.

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 Annex: Resource Requirements
HLT MLT4 M04 0222
Performing Serological Tests
Item Category/Item Description/ Quantity Recommended
No. Specifications Ratio
(Item: Learner)
A. Learning Materials
 Prepared by the
1. TTLM 25 1:1
trainer
2. Textbooks -
2.1 Immunology &Serology in Mary Louise Turgeon.
5 1:5
Laboratory Medicine Fifth edition; 2014

3. Reference books
3.1. Basic Immunology: Abul K. Abbas, H.
Functions and Disorders of Lichtman and
the Immune System Massachusetts Shiv
Pillai. Fifth edition; 2016

3.2. Immunology and Serology, Selamawit Debebe, ,

for medical lab. Tech. Alemaya, 2002
5 1:5
Studies, Lecture Note series
3.3. Basic Serological Testing Rowa Yousef Alhabbab.
2018

3.4. Clinical Immunology Christine Dorresteyn

Serology: A Laboratory Stevens.Third edition;
perspective 2010

 Health
Indicators/latest
Learning Facilities &
4.  EDHS,2016 10 1:3
Infrastructure
 Fact sheets
 Standard formats
B. Learning Facilities &

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 Infrastructure
1. Lecture Room 5*5m 1 1:25
2. Library Standard 1
3. Demonstration room 5*10m 1 1:25
C. Consumable Materials
1. Paper Standard 5rim 1:5
2. Pen Standard
3 Pencil and rubber Standard
4 Graph paper Standard
5 Bucher paper Standard 10 1:3
6 Marker Standard 12 per pack
7 Printer ink Standard 4
8 White board marker Standard 13 1:2
9 Plaster Standard 1 roll
10 Gloves Standard 1 pack 1:1
11 VDRL Reagent Standard 1 pak 1:1
12 RPR reagent Standard 1 pak 1:1
13 Syphilis rapid test kit Standard 1 pak 1:1
14 Widal test reagent Standard 1 pak 1:1
15 Weil-felix test reagent Standard 1 pak 1:1
16 HCG kit Standard 1 pak 1:1
7 HIV kit Standard 1 pak 1:1
18 HBSAg kit Standard 1 pak 1:1
19 CRP kit/reagent Standard 1 pak 1:1
20 ASO test reagent Standard 1 pak 1:1
21 Test for RF Standard 1 pak 1:1
12 70% alcohol Standard 1 bottle 1:1
13 Disinfectant solution Standard 1 bottle 1:1
14 Serological pipettes Standard 25 1:1
15 Test tubes Standard 25 pc 1:1
16 Anticoagulants Standard 1 bottle 1:1
17 Needle with syringes Standard 1 pak 1:1
18 HCV kit Standard 1 pak 1:1

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Ministry of Labor and Skills Level IV February 2022
 19 H.paylory Ag kit Standard 1 pak 1:1
20 H.paylory Ab kit Standard 1 pak 1:1
D. Tools and Equipment
1. Computer Lap top 1 1:25
2. LCD projector LCD Projector 1 1:25
3. Printer Laser Jet 1 1:25
4 Photocopy machine Standard 1 1:25
5 Scanner Standard 1 1:25
6 Back up Standard 1 1:25
7 White board 110 x80mm 1 1:25
8 LCD projector Standard 1 1:25
9 Microscope Standard 1 1:25
10 Fluorescent microscope Standard 1 1:25
11 Centrifuge Standard 1 1:25
12 Water bath Standard 1 1:25
13 ELISA with reader Standard 1 1:25
14 Incubator Standard 1 1:25
15 Shaker Standard 1 1:25
17 Refrigerator Standard 1 1:25
18 Glass wares Standard 1 1:25
19 Autoclave Standard 1 1:25
20 UV/VIS spectrophotometer Standard 1 1:25
21 Rotator Standard 1 1:25
22 Serological pipettes Standard 5 1:5
23 Water bath Standard 1 1:25

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 LEARNING MODULE 5
TVET-PROGRAMME TITLE: Medical Laboratory Techniques Level IV
MODULE TITLE: Performing Clinical Chemistry Tests
MODULE CODE: HLT MLT4 M05 0222
NOMINAL DURATION: 250 Hours
MODULE DESCRIPTION: This module covers the knowledge, skills and attitude
required to identify concepts of human physiology, anatomy of organs, clinical chemistry,
and principle of testing methodology. In addition, interpret clinical chemistry test
requirements, prepare samples, conduct pre-use and calibration checks on equipment and
perform routine chemical tests/procedures, including data processing and interpretation of
results and tracking of obvious test malfunctions where the procedure is standardized.

LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the module the learner will be able to:
LO1. Identify concept of clinical chemistry
LO2. Review test requirements
LO3. Process samples
LO4. Check equipment before use
LO5. Perform Clinical Chemistry Tests
LO6. Process and interpret data
LO7. Maintain laboratory records
LO8. Maintain a safe work environment

MODULE CONTENTS:
LO1. Identify concept of clinical chemistry
1.1. Identifying concept of physiology and anatomy of organs
1.2. Identifying Chemical principles and concepts
1.3. Identifying factors affecting chemical reaction
1.4. Identifying testing methodology

LO2. Review test requirements

2.1. Reviewing test request
2.2. Identifying hazards
2.3. Planning work sequences

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 LO3. Process samples
3.1. Checking samples and request forms
3.2. Returning samples and request forms that do not comply with requirements
3.3. Logging acceptable samples
3.4. Processing samples
3.5. Storing sample components

LO4. Check equipment before use

4.1. Setting equipment/instruments
4.2. Performing pre-use and safety checks
4.3. Identifying faulty or unsafe components
4.4. Checking equipment calibration
4.5. Identifying out of calibration equipment/instruments
4.6. Ensuring availability of reagents.

LO5. Perform Clinical Chemistry Tests

5.1. Selecting authorized tests
5.2. Conducting blood sugar tests
5.3. Conducting liver panel tests
5.4. Conducting renal panel tests
5.5. Conducting lipid panel test
5.6. Recording all results.
5.7. Discussing with colleague for panic results
5.8. Verifying results before releasing
5.9. Storing tested samples or sample components

LO6. Process and interpret data

6.1. Recording test data
6.2. Conducting and computing calibration graphs
6.3. Calculating consistency of values
6.4. Recording results
6.5. Estimating and documenting uncertainty of measurements

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 6.6. Reporting out of specification or atypical results
6.7. Identifying faulty procedure or equipment problems

LO7. Maintain laboratory records

7.1. Entering approved data into laboratory information system
7.2. Maintaining security and confidentiality
7.3. Maintaining equipment and calibration logs

LO8. Maintain a safe work environment

8.1. Using safety work practices and PPE
8.2. Minimizing generation of wastes and their environmental impacts
8.3. Ensuring safe collection of laboratory and hazardous wastes
8.4. Storing equipment and reagents

LEARNING METHODS:

 Lecture

 Demonstration

 Group discussion

 Exercise

 Individual assignment

ASSESSMENT METHODS:

 Written exam/test

 Practical assessment

 Questioning or interview

 Oral examination
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
LO1. Identify concept of clinical chemistry
 Concept of physiology and anatomy of organs is identified
 Chemical principles and concepts are identified
 Factors affection chemical reaction are identified
 Testing methodology of clinical chemistry is identified
LO2. Review test requirements

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  Test request are reviewed to identify samples to be tested, test method and
equipment/instruments involved
 Hazards and enterprise control measures are identified associated with the sample,
preparation/test methods, reagents and/or equipment
 Work sequences are planned to optimize testing of multiple samples

LO3. Process samples

 Samples and request forms are checked and matched before they are accepted.
 Samples and request forms that do not comply with requirements are returned to their
source with reasons for non- acceptance.
 Acceptable samples are logged, applying required document tracking mechanisms.
 Samples are processed as required by requested tests.
 Sample components are stored appropriately until required for testing

LO4. Check equipment before use

 Equipment/Instruments are set up in accordance with test method requirements
 Pre-use and safety checks are performed in accordance with relevant enterprise and
operating procedures
 Faulty or unsafe components and equipment are identified and report to appropriate
personnel
 Equipment calibration is checked using specified standards and procedures
 Out of calibration equipment/instruments are identified
 Availability of reagents in sufficient quality and quantity is ensured.

LO5. Perform Clinical Chemistry Tests

 Authorized tests that are indicated for the requested investigations are selected.
 Blood sugar tests are conducted according to documented methodologies, applying
required quality control procedures.
 Liver panel tests are conducted according to documented methodologies, applying
required quality control procedures
 Renal panel tests are conducted according to documented methodologies, applying
required quality control procedures
 Lipid panel test is conducted according to documented methodologies, applying

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 required quality control procedures
 All results, noting any phenomena that may be relevant to the interpretation of results
are recorded.
 When result interpretation is outside parameters of authorized approval is discussed
with colleague
 Results are verified before releasing for clinician/client
 Tested sample or sample components is/are stored according to organizational sample
retention policy for retesting when requested

LO6. Process and interpret data

 Test data are recorded by noting atypical observations
 Calibration graphs are constructed, and results for samples computed from these graphs
when appropriate.
 Consistency of calculated values is ensured with expectations
 Results are recorded and reported in accordance with enterprise procedures
 Uncertainty of measurement is estimated and documented in accordance with
enterprise procedures
 Out of specification or atypical results are reported promptly to appropriate personnel
 If faulty procedure or equipment problems have led to atypical data or results is/are
identified

LO7. Maintain laboratory records

 Approved data are entered into laboratory information management system
 Confidentiality and security of enterprise information and laboratory data are
maintained.
 Equipment and calibration logs are maintained in accordance with enterprise
procedures

LO8. Maintain a safe work environment

 Established safety work practices and PPE are used to ensure personal safety and that
of other laboratory personnel OHS
 The generation of wastes and environmental impacts are minimized
 Safe collection of laboratory and hazardous waste is ensured for subsequent disposal
(hazard control measures)
 Equipment and reagents are stored with care as required

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Ministry of Labor and Skills Level IV February 2022
 Annex: Resource Requirements
HLT MLT3 M05 0222
Performing Clinical Chemistry Tests
Item Category/Item Description/ Quantity Recommended
No. Specifications Ratio
(Item: Learner)
A. Learning Materials
 Prepared by the
1. TTLM 25 1:1
trainer
2. Textbooks -
Tietz textbook of clinical Carl A. Burtis, Edward
chemistry and molecular R. Ashwood and David
2.1 5 1:5
diagnostics Bruns. Fourth edition;
2006
3. Reference Books

Clinical Chemistry Michael L. Bishop,

Principles, Techniques, and Edward P. Fody and
3.1
Correlations Larry E. Schoeff. Eight
edition; 2017
ENZYMES: Biochemistry, Trevor Palmer and Philip
Biotechnology and Clinical Bonner. Second Edition;
5 1:5
3.2
Chemistry 2007

District Laboratory practice Monica cheesbrough 2nd

3.4
in tropical countries Part II ed 2005

Journals/Publication/Magazi  Clinical chemistry

4. 25 1:1
nes published articles
Learning Facilities &
B.
Infrastructure
1. Lecture Room 5*5m 1 1:25
2 Laboratory room 5*10 m 1 1:25
Standard (colleges
3. Library 1
library)

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 C. Consumable Materials
1. Paper Standard 5rim 1:5
2. Pen Standard
3 Pencil and rubber Standard
4 Graph paper Standard
5 Bucher paper Standard 10 1:3
6 Marker Standard 12 per pack
7 Printer ink Standard 4
8 White board marker Standard 15
9 Plaster Standard 1 roll
10 Gloves Standard 1 pak
11 Test tubes (Plain) Standard 25 pc
12 Request paper Standard Standard
13 Pasteur pipette Standard 25 1:1
14 Cuvettes/ Reaction tubes Standard 5 1:5
15 Clinical chemistry Reagents Standard 1 pak each
16 Quality controls Standard 1 pak
17 Standard/Calibrators Standard 1 pak
D. Tools and Equipment
1. Computer Lap top 1 1:25
2. LCD projector Standard 1 1:25
3. Printer Standard 1 1:25
4 Photocopy machine Standard 1 1:25
5 Scanner Standard 1 1:25
6 Back up Standard 1 1:25
7 White board 110X80mm 1 1:25
8 Spectrophotometer Standard 1 1:25
9 Semi-automated analyzer Standard 1 1:25
10 Centrifuge Standard 2 1:15
11 Water bath Standard 1 1:25
12 Incubator Standard 1 1:25
13 Micropipettes Standard 10 1:3
14 Glass and plastic wares Standard 25 1:1
15 Water distiller/Deionizer Standard 1 1:25
16 Refrigerators Standard 1 1:25

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 LEARNING MODULE 06
TVET-PROGRAMME TITLE: Medical Laboratory Techniques Level IV
MODULE TITLE: Performing Immuno-Haematological Tests
MODULE CODE: HLT MLT4 M 06 0222
NOMINAL DURATION: 180 Hours
MODULE DESCRIPTION: This unit module covers the knowledge, skills and attitude
required to identify concepts of immunohematology, immunology, perform blood typing, cross
matching routine and anti-immunoglobulin test and procedures that are part of the requirements
of pre- and post-blood transfusion practice.

LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the module the learner will be able to:
LO1. Identify concept of Immunohematology
LO2. Process samples and associated request forms
LO3. Perform tests
LO4. Maintain a safe environment
LO5. Maintain laboratory records

MODULE CONTENTS:
LO1. Identify concept of Immunohematology
1.1. Identifying concept of Immunohematology
1.2. Classifying blood typing
1.3. Identifying types of blood cross matching
1.4. Identifying blood components and products
1.5. Identifying methodology of blood typing and cross matching
1.6. Identifying microscope set up and use

LO2. Process samples and associated request forms

2.1. Checking and matching samples and request forms
2.2. Returning samples and request forms that do not comply with requirements
2.3. Sorting specimens according to tests requested, urgent status and volume
2.4. Logging acceptable samples
2.5. Processing samples
2.6. Storing sample components

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LO3. Perform tests
3.1. Selecting authorized tests
3.2. Performing ABO grouping/typing
3.3. Performing RH typing
3.4. Performing compatibility test/Cross matching
3.5. Performing anti-immunoglobulin test
3.6. Interpreting and reporting test results
3.7. Recording test results
3.8. Discussing test result with colleague when there is panic result
3.9. Verifying results
3.10. Communicating test results
3.11. Storing tested sample or sample components
3.12. Performing documentation on log book/laboratory information system

LO4. Maintain a safe environment

4.1. Using established OHS work practices and PPE
4.2. Cleaning spills using appropriate techniques
4.3. Minimizing generation of wastes
4.4. Ensuring safe disposal of bio-hazardous materials and other laboratory wastes

LO5. Maintain laboratory records

5.1. Entering approved data into laboratory information system
5.2. Maintaining instrument logs as required by accreditation checklists
5.3. Maintaining records of blood and blood products received, used and returned to supplier
5.4. Maintaining security and confidentiality of all clinical information, laboratory data and
records
Learning Methods:
 Interactive lecture
 Group discussion
 Demonstration
 Group assignment
 Individual assignment

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Assessment Methods:
 Continuous assessments (quiz, assignment, tests etc.).
 Oral questioning (Interview)
 Practical exam
 Final written exam

Assessment Criteria
LO1. Identify concept of Immunohematology
 Concept of Immunohematology is identified
 Blood typing is classified
 Type of blood cross matching is identified
 Blood components and products are identified
 Methodology of blood typing and cross matching are identified
 Microscope set up and use are identified

LO2. Process samples and associated request forms

 Samples and request forms are checked and matched before they are accepted
 Samples and request forms that do not comply with requirements to their source are
returned with reasons for non-acceptance
 Specimens are sorted according to tests requested, urgent status and volume
 Acceptable samples are logged by applying required document tracking mechanisms
 Samples are processed as required by requested tests
 Sample components are stored appropriately until required for testing

LO3. Perform tests

 Authorized tests that are indicated for the requested investigations are selected
 ABO grouping/typing is performed according to documented methodologies, applying
required quality control procedures
 RH typing is performed
 Compatibility test/Cross matching is performed
 Anti-immunoglobulin test is performed
 Test results are interpreted and reported according to standard operating procedures
 All results, noting any phenomena that may be relevant to the interpretation of results are

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 recorded
 When result interpretation is outside parameters of authorized approval is discussed with
colleague
 Results are verified before releasing for clinician/client
 Communication of results is performed
 Tested sample or sample components are stored according to organizational sample
retention policy for retesting when requested
 Complete documentation on laboratory log book/laboratory information system
application soft ware‟s are performed to permit the before issuing of blood or blood
components that have been cleared for use by clinical staff

LO4. Maintain a safe environment

 Established OHS work practices and PPE are used to ensure personal safety and that of
other laboratory personnel
 Spills are cleaned up using appropriate techniques to protect personnel, work area and
environment from contamination
 The generation of wastes is minimized
 The safe disposal of bio-hazardous materials and other laboratory wastes are ensured in
accordance with enterprise procedures

LO5. Maintain laboratory records

 Entries are made on report forms or into computer systems, accurately recording or
transcribing required data as required
 Instrument logs are maintained as required by accreditation checklists
 Records of blood and blood products received, used and returned to supplier are
maintained
 Security and confidentiality of all clinical information, laboratory data and records are
maintained

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 Annex: Resource Requirements
HLT MLT4 M06 0221
Performing Immuno-Haematological Tests
Item Category/Item Description/ Quantity Recommended
No. Specifications Ratio
(Item: Learner)
A. Learning Materials
 Prepared by the
1. TTLM 25 1:1
trainer
2. Textbooks - 5 1:5
Immunohematology: Eva D. Quinley
2.1 Principles and Practice , 3rd edition: 2011

3. Reference Books
3.1. Immunohematology for Sheryl A. Whitlock;
Medical Laboratory 2010
Technicians
3.2. Immunohematology and Mark T. Friedman,
Transfusion Medicine: Kamille A. West
A Case Study Approach Peyman Bizargity,
5 1:5
Kyle Annen Jeffrey
S. Jhang. Second Edition;
2015
Rossi‟s Principles of Wiley Blackwell .5th
3.4. Transfusion Medicine edition; 2016

 Health
Indicators/latest
Learning Facilities &
4.  EDHS,2016 10 1:3
Infrastructure
 Fact sheets
 Standard formats
Learning Facilities &
B.
Infrastructure
1. Lecture Room 5*5m 1 1:25
2. Library Standard 1

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 3. Demonstration room 5*10m 1 1:25
C. Consumable Materials
1. Paper A4 5rim 1:5
2. Pen Standard
3 Pencil and rubber Standard
4 Graph paper Standard
5 Bucher paper Standard 10 1:3
6 Marker Standard 12 per pack
7 Printer ink Standard 4
8 White board marker Standard 15
9 Plaster Standard 1 roll
10 Gloves Standard 1 pack
11 70% alcohol Standard 1 bottle
12 Disinfectant solution Standard 1 bottle
13 Anti-sera A, B and D Standard 1 vial each
14 Anti-human globulin Standard 1 vial
15 Cotton Standard 1 roll
16 Gauze Standard 1 roll
17 Physiological saline Standard 1 bottle
18 Sealing clay Standard 1 pc
19 Capillary tubes Standard 1 pak
20 Blood lancet Standard 1 pak
21 Microscopic slides Standard 1pak of 50 2:1
22 Test tubes Standard 25 1:1
23 Anticoagulants Standard 1 bottle
24 Needle with syringes Standard 1 pak
D. Tools and Equipment
1. Computer Lap top 1 1:25
2. LCD projector LCD Projector 1 1:25
3. Printer Laser Jet 1 1:25
4 Photocopy machine Standard 1 1:25
5 Scanner Standard 1 1:25
6 Back up Standard 1 1:25

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 7 White board 110X80mm 1 1:25
8 Microscope Standard 10 1:3
9 Macro centrifuge Standard 2 1:25
10 Macro centrifuge Standard 1 1:25
11 Water bath Standard 1 1:25
12 ELISA machine Standard 1 1:25
13 Incubator Standard 1 1:25
14 Shaker Standard 1 1:25
15 Refrigerator Standard 1 1:25
16 Plates (ELISA) Standard 1 1:25
17 Glass wares Standard 1 1:25
18 Auto clave Standard 1 1:25
19 Weighing Scale Standard 1 1:25
20 Thermometer Standard 1 1:25
21 Test tubes Standard 1 1:25
22 Tourniquet Standard 1 1:25
23 Container for sharp Standard
1 1:25
instruments

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 LEARNING MODULE 07
TVET-PROGRAMME TITLE: Medical Laboratory Techniques level IV
MODULE TITLE: Preparing Histopathological Samples for Examination
MODULE CODE: HLT MLT4 M07 0222
NOMINAL DURATION: 140 Hours
MODULE DESCRIPTION: This module covers the knowledge, skills and attitude required to
prepare histological and pathological samples for examination involving processing and
sectioning of human tissues.
LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the module the learner will be able to:
LO1. Assemble equipment and materials
LO2. Process tissue
LO3. Stain sections
LO4. Maintain a safe work environment
MODULE CONTENTS:
LO1. Assemble equipment and materials
1.1. Confirming number and type of required sections
1.2. Collecting and arranging workspace equipment
1.3. Performing pre-use and safety checks
1.4. Reporting faulty or unsafe equipment
1.5. Inspecting processor reagents and reporting any items requiring replacement
1.6. Assembling specified processing equipments, safety materials and containers

LO2. Process tissue

2.1. Preparing fine/ultra structure of tissue
2.2. Selecting reagents for tissue processing
2.3. Performing fixation ,dehydration , clearing and impregnation of tissue
2.4. Performing infiltration and embedding tissue in correct orientation
2.5. Performing tissue sectioning
2.6. Performing mounting of sections on microscopic slide
2.7. Monitoring procedure of tissue processing
2.8. Checking quality of embedded tissue

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LO3. Stain sections
3.1. Selecting reagents
3.2. Staining sections
3.3. Examining sections microscopically
3.4. Preparing mounted section permanently
3.5. Photographing and presenting Section
3.6. Attaching permanent labels
3.7. Performing trouble shooting
3.8. Ensuring security and traceability of all information

LO4. Maintain a safe work environment

4.1. Ensuring personal safety and minimizing cross-contamination
4.2. Handling specimens and equipments safely.
4.3. Cleaning up Spills
4.4. Minimizing waste generation and their environmental impacts
4.5. Collecting and disposing wastes safely
4.6. Reporting hazards and incidents

Learning Methods:
 Interactive lecture
 Group discussion
 Demonstration
 Simulation
 Group assignment
 Individual assignment
Assessment Methods: Formative
 Continuous assessments (quiz, assignment, tests etc.).
 Oral questioning
 Skill check out
 Final written exam

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Assessment Criteria
LO1. Assemble equipment and materials
 The number and type of sections required are confirmed.
 Equipment are collected and the workspace arranged
 Pre-use and safety checks are performed to ensure equipment is fit for purpose.
 Faulty or unsafe equipment are reported to appropriate personnel
 Processor reagents are inspected for deterioration and adequate volume and any items
requiring replacement reported
 All specified processing equipment, safety equipment, materials and containers are
assembled.

LO2. Process tissue

 Fine/Ultra Structure of tissue is prepared
 Reagents are selected for tissue processing
 Fixation ,dehydration , clearing and impregnation of tissue are performed
 Infiltration and embedding tissue in correct orientation are performed
 Sectioning of tissue is performed
 Mounting of sections on microscopic slide is performed.
 The procedure of tissue processing is monitored
 The quality of embedded tissue is checked

LO3. Stain sections

 Reagents specified in the method are selected
 Sections are stained according to the method
 Sections are examined microscopically
 Mounted section is prepared permanently
 Section is photographed and presented if required
 Permanent labels giving specimen details are attached according to enterprise traceability
requirements
 Trouble shooting is performed
 Security and traceability of all information are ensured

LO4. Maintain a safe work environment

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  Personal safety is ensured and cross-contamination minimized through the use of PPE.
 All specimens and equipment are handled in accordance with enterprise safety
protocols/procedures.
 Spills are cleaned up using appropriate techniques to protect personnel, work area and
environment.
 Generation of waste and environmental impacts is minimized
 All wastes are collected and disposed of safely
 Hazards and incidents are reported to designated personnel using enterprise procedures.

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 Annex: Resource Requirements
HLT MLT 4 M07 0222
Preparing Histopathological Samples for Examination
Recommended
Item Description/
Category/Item Quantity Ratio
No. Specifications
(Item: Learner)
A. Learning Materials
 Flip chart
1. TTLM  Posters 25 1:1
 Job aids
 Training
2. Textbooks modules 25 1:1
 Text books
2.1 Bancroft‟s Theory and Practice of S. Kim Suvarna ,
Histological Techniques Christopher Layton
and John D.
Bancroft. Eight
edition; 2013
3 Reference Books 

3.1 Histopathology Specimens: Derek C. Allen R.

Clinical, Pathological and Iain Cameron
Laboratory Aspects Third Edition; 2017
3.2 Basic and Advanced Laboratory Pranab Dey; 2018
Techniques in Histopathology and
Cytology
Histopathology for Medical Seyoum B, Yimam
3.3 Laboratory Technology students J ;2007
Lecture note Series
Journals/Publication/Magazines  Fact sheets
3.4  Standard 10 1:3
formats
Learning Facilities &
B.
Infrastructure

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 1. Lecture Room 5*5m 1 1:25
2. Library Standard 1
3. Demonstration room Standard 1
C. Consumable Materials
1. Paper and Check list standard 5 rim 1:5
2. Pen Standard
3 Tissue labeling material Standard As
3 Pencil and rubber Standard required
4 Graph paper Standard
5 Bucher paper Standard 10 1:3
6 Art line marker Standard 12 / pack
7 Printer ink Standard 4
8 White board marker Standard 15
9 Plaster Standard 1 roll 1:25
11 Fixative Standard 1 bottle 1:25
12 Paraffin wax Standard 1 bottle 1:25
13 Different conc. Of alcohol Standard 1 bottle 1:25
14 Hematoxyline Standard 1 bottle 1:25
15 Decalcifying agent Standard 1 bottle 1:25
16 Eosin Standard 1 bottle 1:25
17 Distilled water Standard 1 bottle 1:25
18 Gloves Standard 1 pak 1:25
19 Masks Standard 1 pak 1:25
20 Syringe with needle Standard 1 pak 1:25
D. Tools and Equipments
1. Computer Lap top 1 1:25
2. LCD projector Standard 1 1:25
3. Printer Standard 1 1:25
4 Photocopy machine Standard 1 1:25
5 Scanner Standard 1 1:25
6 Back up Standard 1 1:25
7 White board Standard 1 1:25
8 Audio-Visual materials Standard 1 pc 1:25
9 Coplin (staining) jar Standard 1 pc 1:25
10 Histo pathological slide films Standard 1 bottle 1:25
11 Deep freezer Standard 1 1:25
12 Microscope Standard 12 1:2
13 Microtome Standard 1 1:25
14 Water bath Standard 1 1:25
15 Autoclave Standard 1 1:25
16 Goggle Standard 25pc 1:1
17 Gowns Standard 25pc 1:1
18 Tissue cassette Standard 25 pc 1:1

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 LEARNING MODULE 8
TVET-PROGRAMME TITLE: Medical Laboratory Techniques Level IV
MODULE TITLE: Implementing Laboratory Quality Assurance
MODULE CODE: HLT MLT4 M08 0222
NOMINAL DURATION: 90 Hours
MODULE DESCRIPTION: This module covers the knowledge, skills and attitude required to
implement quality assurance for pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical activities of the
laboratory.
LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the module the learner will be able to:
LO1. Identify the Concept quality assurance
LO2. Prepare document and record
LO3.Implement quality Pre-analytic process
LO4. Implement quality analytic process
LO5. Implement quality post- analytic process
LO6. Conduct Process improvement activities

MODULE CONTENTS:
LO1. Identify the Concept quality assurance
1.1. Identifying concepts of quality assurance
1.2. Identifying differences of quality assurance and quality control
1.3. Benefit of quality assurance program
1.4. Identifying quality elements in all quality cycle
1.5. Identifying laboratory path of work flow

LO2. Prepare document and record

2.1. Identifying document and record systems
2.2. Preparing SOP and guidelines are
2.3. Identifying and achieving Records
2.4. Accomplishing quality manual

LO3. Implement quality Pre-analytic process

3.1 Identifying patient and laboratory requests

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 3.2 labeling specimen and requests
3.3 Collecting the specimen
3.4 Identifying and maintaining chain of custody
3.5 Receiving, storing and transporting specimen

LO4. Implement quality analytic process

4.1. Identifying internal quality controls and calibrated materials
4.2. Differentiating error, accuracy and precision
4.3. Defining qualitative and quantitative quality controls
4.4. Identifying qualitative quality control methods
4.5. Performing Internal quality control
4.6. Calculating and interpreting quality control data
4.7. Identifying external quality control methods
4.8. defining biological reference range and critical values

LO5 Implement quality post- analytic process

5.1 Interpreting test result
5.2 Identifying reporting system
5.3 Releasing of test result
5.4 Maintaining client‟s information and confidentiality

LO6 Conduct Process improvement activities

6.1 Identifying laboratory related occurrences
6.2 Assessing root cause of the occurrence
6.3 Taking corrective and prevented actions
6.4 Identifying continual improvement methods
LEARNING METHODS:
 Lecture
 Demonstration
 Group discussion
 Exercise
 Individual assignment

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 ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
LO.1 Identify the Concept quality assurance
 Concepts of quality assurance is identified
 Differences of quality assurance and quality control are identified
 Benefit of quality assurance program is understood
 Identify quality elements in pre-analytical, analytical and post analytical laboratory
process.
 Laboratory path of work flow is identified

LO.2 Prepare document and record

 Document and record systems are identified.
 SOP and guidelines are prepared
 Records are identified, achieved and indexed according to document policy of the
organization
 Accomplish all laboratory activities according to quality manual

LO3 Implement quality Pre-analytic process

 Patient and laboratory requests are properly identified.
 Specimen and requests are properly labeled according to the laboratory procedures
 Collect the right specimen at the right time with proper collection materials according
to the laboratory procedures
 Chain of custody are identified and maintained
 Proper specimen are received, stored and transported according to quality policy
manuals.

LO4 Implement quality analytic process

 Internal quality controls and calibrated materials are identified
 Error, accuracy and precision are differentiated
 Qualitative and quantitative quality controls are defined
 Qualitative quality control methods are identified for respective tests.
 Internal quality control is performed
 Quality control data are calculated and interpreted
 External quality control methods are identified

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  Biological reference range and critical values are defined

LO5. Implement quality post- analytic process

 Client test result are interpreted according to the laboratory procedures
 Proper reporting system is identified according to the laboratory procedures
 Releasing of test result is kept according to the laboratory procedures
 Clients information and confidentiality are maintained according to the laboratory
information management policy

LO6. Conduct Process improvement activities

 Laboratory related occurrences are identified
 Root cause of the occurrence are assessed
 Corrective and prevented actions are taken using different tools.
 Continual improvement methods are identified

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 Annex: Resource Requirements
HLT MLT4 M08 0222
Implementing Laboratory Quality Assurance
Recommended
Item
Category/Item Description/ Specifications Quantity Ratio
No.
(Item: Learner)
A. Learning Materials
1. TTLM Prepared by trainer 25 1:1
2. Textbooks
3. Reference Books
3.1 District laboratory practice Monica Cheesbrough. Second
in tropical countries Part I, edition; 2006
II,
3.2 Quality Assurance and Piort Konieczka, Jacek
Quality Control in the Namiesnik; 2002
Analytical Chemical
Laboratory: A Practical
5 1:5
Approach
3.2 Statistical Methods for Stephen B. Vardeman J.
Quality Assurance Marcus Jobe. Second Edition;
2016
3.3 Fundamentals of Quality Amitava Mitra. Fourth edition;
Control and Improvement 2016

3.4 ISO15189 quality standard ENAO, 2012.

Journals/Publication/Mag
4.
azines
Learning Facilities &
B.
Infrastructure
1. Lecture Room 5*5m 1 1:25
2. Library 1
3. Laboratory 1
C. Consumable Materials

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 1. paper Standard 5rim 1:5
2. pencil Standard 5 1:5
3. pen Standard 5 1:5
4. Sheets and Loges Standard
D. Tools and Equipments
1. Computer Standard 1
2. Printer Standard 1
3 Sample documents Standard
4 Chalk board Standard
6 White board Standard
7 Flip chart Standard
8 Written materials Standard
9 LCD projector Standard
10 SOP 5 1:5

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 LEARNING MODULE 9
TVET-PROGRAMME TITLE: Medical Laboratory Techniques level-IV
MODULE TITLE : Managing Community Health Service
MODULE CODE : HLT HES4 M09 0222
NOMINAL DURATION: 72 Hours
MODULE DESCRIPTION: This modules covers the knowledge, skills and attitude required to
manage health service of the area to improve quality of service.
LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the module the learner will be able to:
LO1. Follow organizational guidelines, understand health policy and service delivery system
LO2. Plan, manage, monitor and evaluate health system
LO3. Lead and build individual‟s and team‟s capacity
MODULE CONTENTS:
LO1. Follow organizational guidelines, understand health policy and service delivery system
1.1 . Recognizing the policy and organization of the health care system
1.2 Discussing primary healthcare in Ethiopia
1.3 Identifying elements of primary health care
1.4 Describing health service extension program
1.5 Tracking workplace instructions and policies
1.6 Enduring organizational programs and procedures
1.7 Using organizational resources for the purpose intended.
1.8 Identifying equity issues in population health
1.9 Describing basic principles of leadership

LO2. Plan, manage, monitor and evaluate health system

2.1. Demanding management skills to bring efficient health care system
2.2. Planning Health programs
2.3. Managing Resources
2.4. Developing individual and team capacity
2.5. Resolving issues promptly and effectively
2.6. Developing health service monitoring and evaluation mechanism

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 LO3. Lead and build individual’s and team’s capacity
3.1. Identifying Self- improvement areas
3.2. Identifying goals and objectives of learning and development program to match the specific
requirements of competence standards
3.3. Identifying and implementing, learning and development needs in line with organizational
requirements
3.4. Providing coaching/ mentoring to facilitate individual and team achievement of
competencies
3.5. Developing joint action plans by team and individuals.
3.6. Allocating duties and responsibilities based on competencies
3.7. Collaborative efforts are made to attain organizational goals
3.8. Developing feedback mechanism to bring about improvement
LEARNING METHODS:
 Lecture
 Demonstration
 Group discussion
 Exercise
 Individual assignment
ASSESSMENT METHODS:
 Interview
 Written test
 Demonstration/Observation

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
LO.1 Follow organizational guidelines, understand health policy and service delivery system
 The policy and organization of the health care system of Ethiopia is comprehended
 Primary healthcare in Ethiopia is understood
 Elements of primary health care are identified
 Health service extension program is understood
 Workplace instructions and policies are followed.
 Organizational programs and procedures are supported within the job role.
 Organizational resources are used for the purpose intended
 equity issues in population health are identified

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  basic principles of leadership are described

LO2. Plan, manage, monitor and evaluate health system

 Management skills required to bring about efficient health care system are dealt with
 Health programs are planned
 Resources for health care are managed
 Individual and team capacity is developed
 Issues raised through participation and consultation are resolved promptly and effectively
 Health service monitoring and evaluation mechanisms are developed

LO3. Lead and build individual’s and team’s capacity

 Self- improvement areas are identified based on individual‟s self- performance evaluation.
 Learning and development needs are systematically identified and implemented in line with
organizational requirements
 Learning and development program goals and objectives are identified to match the specific
knowledge and skills requirements of competence standards
 Workplace learning opportunities and coaching/ mentoring are provided to facilitate
individual and team achievement of competencies
 Joint action plans are developed by team and individuals.
 Duties and responsibilities are allocated based on the skills, knowledge and aptitude required
to properly undertake the assigned task as well as considering individual‟s preference,
 Collaborative efforts are made to attain organizational goals
 Feedback from individuals or teams is used to identify challenges, develop interventional
strategies, and implement them to bring about improvement.

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 Annex: Resource Requirements
HLT HES4 M09 0222
Managing Community Health Service
Recommende
Ite
d Ratio
m Category/Item Description/ Specifications Quantity
(Item:
No.
Learner)
A. Learning Materials
1. TTLM 30 1:1
2. Textbooks 30 1:1
National health policy guidelines
3. Reference Books 10 1:3
SBCC modules
Health Indicators/latest
Journals/Publication/M EDHS,2016
4. 10 1:3
agazines Fact sheets
Standard formats
Learning Facilities &
B.
Infrastructure
1. Lecture Room 5*5m 1 1:25
2. Library Standard (colleges library) 1
Consumable
C.
Materials
1. Paper A4 5rim 1:5
2. Pen Standard
As
3 Pencil and rubber Standard
required
4 Graph paper Standard
5 Bucher paper Standard 10 1:3
Standard 12 per
6 Marker
pack
7 Printer ink Standard 4
8 White board marker 6 per pack 15
9 Plaster Rol3
D. Tools and

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 Equipment’s
1. Computer Lap top 1 1:30
2. LCD projector LCD Projector 1 1:30
3. Printer 1 1:30
4 Photocopy machine 1 1:30
5 Scanner Smart 1 1:30
6 Back up Smart 1 1:30
7 White board 110X80mm 1 1:30

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 LEARNING MODULE 10
TVET-PROGRAMME TITLE: Medical Laboratory Techniques Level IV
MODULE TITLE: Preventing and Eliminating MUDA
MODULE CODE: HLT MLT4 M10 0222
NOMINAL DURATION: 56 Hours
MODULE DESCRIPTION: This module covers the knowledge, skills and attitude
required by a worker to prevent and eliminate MUDA/wastes in his/her workplace by
applying scientific problem-solving techniques and tools to enhance quality, productivity
and other kaizen elements on continual basis. It covers responsibility for the day-to-
day operation of the work and ensures Kaizen Elements are continuously improved and
institutionalized.
LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the module the learner will be able to:
LO1. Prepare for work
LO2.Identify MUDA and problem
LO3. Analyze causes of a problem
LO4. Eliminate MUDA and Assess effectiveness of the solution
LO5. Prevent occurrence of wastes and sustain operation
MODULE CONTENTS:
LO1. Prepare for work
1.1. Using work instructions to determine job requirements
1.2. Reading and interpreting job specifications following working manual
1.3. Observing OHS requirements throughout the work
1.4. Selecting appropriate material is selected for work
1.5. Identifying and checking safety equipment and tools

LO2. Identify MUDA and problem

2.1. Preparing and implementing plan of MUDA and problem identification
2.2. Causes and effects of MUDA
2.3. Listing all possible problems using statistical tools and techniques
2.4. Identifying all possible problems related to kaizen elements
2.5. Tools and techniques situation of the work place

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 2.6. .Identifying and measuring wastes/MUDA
2.7. Reporting identified and measured wastes to relevant personnel

LO3. Analyze causes of a problem.

3.1 Listing all possible causes of a problem
3.2 Analyzing cause relationships using 4M1E
3.3 . Causes of the problems
3.4 .Root cause which is most directly related to the problem
3.5 Listing all possible ways using creative idea generation
3.6 Testing and evaluating the suggested solutions for potential complications
3.7 Summaries of the action plan to implement the suggested solution.

LO4. Eliminate MUDA and Assess effectiveness of the solution

4.1. Implementing Plan of MUDA elimination by medium KPT members.
4.2. Attitude and ten basic principles to eliminate waste/MUDA
4.3. Tools and techniques to eliminate MUDA
4.4. Reducing and eliminating wastes/MUDA
4.5. Identifying tangible and intangible results
4.6. Comparing tangible results with targets using various types of diagrams
4.7. Reporting improvements gained by elimination of waste/MUDA
to relevant bodies

LO5. Prevent occurrence of wastes and sustain operation.

5.1 Plan of MUDA prevention
5.2 Standards required for machines, operations, defining normal and
abnormal conditions, clerical procedures and procurement
5.3 Preventing wastes/MUDA by using visual and auditory control methods
5.4 Creating waste-free workplace using 5W and 1Hsheet
5.5 Completion of required operation with standard procedures and practices
5.6 Facilitating the updating of standard procedures and practices
5.7 Ensuring and training the capability of the work team on the new Standard
5.8 Operating Procedures (SOPs).
LEARNING METHODS:
 Lecture

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  Demonstration
 Group discussion
 Exercise
 Individual assignment
ASSESSMENT METHODS:
 Practical assessment
 Written exam/test
 Questioning or interview
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
LO1. Prepare for work
 Work instructions are used to determine job requirements, including method,
material and equipment.
 Job specifications are read and interpreted following working manual.
 OHS requirements, including dust and fume collection, breathing apparatus and eye
and ear personal protection needs are observed throughout the work.
 Appropriate material is selected for work.
 Safety equipment and tools are identified and checked for safe and effective operation.

LO2.Identify MUDA and problem

 Plan of MUDA and problem identification is prepared and implemented.
 Causes and effects of MUDA are discussed.
 All possible problems related to the process /Kaizen elements are listed using
statistical tools and techniques.
 All possible problems related to kaizen elements are identified
 are used to draw and analyze current and listed on Visual Management
Board/Kaizen Board.
 Tools and techniques situation of the work place
 Wastes/MUDA are identified and measured based on relevant procedures
 Identified and measured wastes are reported to relevant personnel

LO3. Analyze causes of a problem

 All possible causes of a problem are listed.
 Cause relationships are analyzed using 4M1E.

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  Causes of the problems are identified
 The root cause which is most directly related to the problem is selected
 All possible ways are listed using creative idea generation to
eliminate the most critical root cause.
 The suggested solutions are carefully tested and evaluated for potential complications.
 Detailed summaries of the action plan are prepared to implement the suggested
solution.

LO4. Eliminate MUDA and Assess effectiveness of the solution

 Plan of MUDA elimination is prepared and implemented by medium KPT members.
 Necessary attitude and the ten basic principles for improvement are adopted to
eliminate waste/MUDA.
 Tools and techniques are used to eliminate wastes/MUDA based on the procedures
and OHS.
 Wastes/MUDA are reduced and eliminated in accordance with OHS and
organizational requirements.
 Tangible and intangible results are identified.
 Tangible results are compared with targets using various types of diagrams.
 Improvements gained by elimination of waste/MUDA are reported to relevant bodies

LO5. Prevent occurrence of wastes and sustain operation

 Plan of MUDA prevention is prepared and implemented
 Standards required for machines, operations, defining normal and abnormal
conditions, clerical procedures and procurement are discussed and prepared
 Occurrences of wastes/MUDA are prevented by using visual and auditory control
methods
 Waste-free workplace is created using 5W and 1Hsheet
 The completion of required operation is done in accordance with standard procedures
and practices
 The updating of standard procedures and practices is facilitated
 The capability of the work team that aligns with the requirements of the procedure
is ensured and trained on the new Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)

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 Annex: Resource Requirements
HLT MLT4 M10 0222
Preventing and Eliminating MUDA
Item Category/Item Description/ Quantity Recommended
No. Specifications Ratio
(Item: Learner)
A. Learning Materials
1. TTLM 25 1:1
 Training
2. Textbooks modules 25 1:1
 Text books
 National health
policy
3. Reference Books  Guidelines 25 1:1
 HES Training
modules
3.1  6 1:5
 Health
Indicators/latest
 EDHS,2016
4. Journals/Publication/Magazines 10 1:3
 Fact sheets
 Standard
formats
Learning Facilities &
B.
Infrastructure
1. Lecture Room 5*5m 1 1:25
Standard (colleges
2. Library 1
library)
3. Demonstration room 1 1:6
C. Consumable Materials
1. Paper A4 5rim 1:5
2. Pen As
3 Pencil and rubber required

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 4 Graph paper
5 Bucher paper 10 1:3
12 per
6 Marker
pack
7 Printer ink 4
8 White board marker 6 per pack 15
9 Plaster Rol3
As
10 Medical supplies
required
D. Tools and Equipment
1. Computer Lap top 1 1:25
2. LCD projector LCD Projector 1 1:25
3. Printer 1 1:25
4 Photocopy machine 1 1:25
5 Scanner Smart 1 1:25
6 Back up Smart 1 1:25
7 White board 110X80mm 1 1:25
As
8 Medical equipment
required

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 Acknowledgement

The Ministry of Health and Ministry Labor and Skill wishes to extend thanks and
appreciation to the many representatives of industry, academic and government agencies who
donated their time and expertise to the development of this Model Curriculum for the TVET
Program IV.

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 The trainers who developed the curriculum
No Name Qualification Educational Region College MOBILE E-mail
background NUMBER
1 Wondwossen Msc MLT, Diagnostic and AA Defence 0911818650 [email protected]
Tsegaye public health University
Microbiology
2 Tofic Msc,Mph MLT, Diagnostic and AA Rift valley 0911833373 [email protected]
Mohammed public health university
Microbiology, MPH
3 Wondimagegn Msc MLT, Medical Harer Harer 0920461086 [email protected]
Wolde Microbiology Health
science
4 Asdesach Msc MLT, Diagnostic and AA EPHLA 0912100231 [email protected]
Tessema public health
Microbiology
5 Daneil Tolossa Msc MLT, Tropical and Jigjiga Jigjiga 0920169255 [email protected]
infectious diseases Health
science
6 Tajebe Kumela MPh Environmental health AA MoH 0936562574 [email protected]
7 Kubra Gobeze MPh Public health officer AA MoH 0921970038 [email protected]
8 Tsegay MPh Environmental health AA MoH 0920344622 [email protected]
G/Egzihabher

This model curriculum was developed on February 2022 at Adama Dembel view hotel.

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