CrackSSAT.com PART THREE: COMMON CONTENT FOR THE SSAT AND ISEE | 5, ARITHMETIC PRACTICE QUESTIONS 5. Whats the least common multiple of 18 and 28 1, Which of the following is not even? ww 6 (a) 330 @) 54 (B) 436 On © 752 (D) 96 (D) 861 (®) 432 ® 974 6. Which of the following is a multiple of 3? 2, What is the least prime number greater than wus 50? (B) 370 (a) st (© 45 = (0) 589 o> (E) 890 (D) 57 ®) 59 7. ~6(3-4x3)= 3. Which of the following is a multiple of 22 Oe (B) -54 (A) 271 © -n (B) 357 (©) 18 © 463 oa (D) 599 (E) 756 8. Which of the following is a multiple of 10? 4, SKT«3 (A) 10,005 © 9x5%2, (B) 10,030 w2 (© 10,01 7 (D) 100,005 3 @) 5 (E) 101,101 1 9. Which ofthe following is a multiple of both 5 © 35 and 2? (D)7 (A) 2,203 74 (B) 2,342 7 (© 1,005 (D) 7,790 (E) 9,821CrackSSAT. com ‘202 | PART THREE: COMMON CONTENT FOR THE SSAT AND ISEE CHAPTER 11 10. Which of the following isa multiple of both 3.14, “Two teams are having a contest. The prize isa and 10? ox of candy that the members of the winning (a) 103 team will divide evenly. If team A wins, each player will get exactly 3 pieces of candy, and (B) 130 if team B wins, each player will get exactly 5 player ly © 210 pieces. Which of the following could be the (p) 310 number of pieces of candy in the box? (8) 460 (A) 153 (B) 325 11. Which ofthe lowing mule of 3, © 33 ue ©) 25 (a) 165 ) 555 (B) 235 (©) 350 15, ‘Three consecutive multiples of 4 have a sum of (0) 420 660, What isthe greatest of these numbers? ) 532 (a) 8 | @) 12 12, Which of the following is an even multiple of (o 16 both 3 and 5? (D) 20 (A) 135 © 2 (B) 155 (©) 250 16. Sheila cuts a 60-foot wire cable into equal (D) 350 strips ofS ofa foot each, How many strips ©) 390 does she make? 13. Professor Jones bought a large carton of books. (a) 48 She gave 3 books to each student in her class, (B) 51 and there were no books leftover. Which of © the following could be the number of books (0) 70 jistributed? she distributed? 7 (a) 133 (B) 143 17. Which of the following is NOT odd? (©) 282 (a) 349 () 271 (8) 537 332 © 735 (D) 841 (&) 91818, 19, 20. a. CrackSSAT.com PART THREE: COMMON CONTENT FOR THE SSAT AND ISEE ‘Which of the following can be the sum of two negative numbers? (a) 4 (B) 2 O14 (D) 0 @ -1 Which of the following is NOT a prime number? a) 2 @) 7 ow (0) 87 (©) 101 All ofthe following can be the product of a negative integer and positive integer EXCEPT @ a @) -1 ©. (D) -4 ® -6 Susie and Dennis are training for a marathon. On Monday, they both run 3.2 miles. On ‘Tuesday, Susie runs ot miles and Dennis runs 3.6 miles, On Wednesday, Susie runs 48 miles and Dennis runs 22 miles. During those 3 days, how many more miles does Susie run than Dennis? (A) 48 @ 4 (C) 3.2 (D) 3 (E) 2.4 2, 23, 24, 25, ariTHimeric | 79% Which number isa multiple of 602 (A) 213 (8) 350 (© 540 (D) 666 (E) 1,060 ‘Two odd integers and one even integer are multiplied together. Which of the following could be their product? (a) 15 @) 3 © 6 (D) 72 ® 15 Ifthe number 9,899,399 is increased by 2,082, the result will be (A) 9,902,481 (B) 9,901,481 © 9901471 () 9,891,481 (B) 901,481 ‘What is the sum of five consecutive integers if the middle one is 13? (A) 55 (B) 60 (©) 65 (D) 70 (E) 75204 27. 28. 29. CrackSSAT.com PART THREE: COMMON CONTENT FOR THE SSAT AND ISEE CHAPTER 11 Ax 2 (a) 2x2 (B) 2x3 (C) ax (p) ae © 40° -2B(1=2)3 + (-28 = (A) -12 (B) 4 © 0 ©) 4 (BE) 12 misan odd integer and 10 << 19. Whatis the mean of al possible values of 1? (a) 3 @) 135 © «“ () 145 (E) 155 28 o E 7 What is # a3 ma = (B) © g s alg tle vin elm ele 30. Jon works 4.5 hours a day, 3 days each week after school. He is paid $7.25 per hour. How much is his weekly pay (rounded to the next highest cent)? (a) $13.50 (B) $21.75 (© $32.63 (D) $54 (B) $97.88 31, Zim buys a calculator that is marked 30% off Ifhe pays $35, what was the original price? (A) $24.50 (B) $45.50 © sa (D) $50 (B) $62.50 32. A museum records 16 visitors to an exhibit on Monday, 21 on Tuesday, 20 on Wednesday, 17 on Thursday, 19 on Friday, 21 on Saturday, and 17 on Sunday, what is the median number ‘of visitors for the week? (A) 18.5 (B) 18:75 © 9 (p) 195 (®) 19.75CrackSSAT.com PART THREE: COMMON CONTENT FOR THE SSAT AND ISEE aritHMeric | 25 33, Abag contains 8 white, 4 red,7 green, and 37. 116-2514V35=16 = 5 blue marbles, Bight marbles are withdrawn . randomly. How many of the withdrawn (A) -12 ‘marbles were white ifthe chance of drawing a @) 6 white marbleis now <2 © 0 (a) 0 @) 6 @) 3 ® 2 4 | Ds 38. Which ofthe following is 81,455 rounded to ©) the nearest 100? © 6 (A) 81,000 34, J,500 = (8) 81,400 (©) 81,500 (A) 104 V5 (D) 82,000 (B) 10vi5 (E) 90,000 (© 25 (0) 104/55 39, 1F35% of xis 7, what is x9 of 35? (®) 1050 (a) 7 (B) 20 35, 2(3 x2)? ~27(6 +2) +37= (© 28 (a) 72 () 35 @) 9 (B) 42 © 3 @) 0 ®) -24 36. Which ofthe following numbers is closest to the product of 48.9 x 21.22 (A) 10,000 (B) 8,000 (©) 1,000 (D) 100 © 7CrackSSAT.com 20g | PART-THREE: COMMON CONTENT FOR THE SSAT AND ISEE CHAPTER 11 40. A number is considered “blue” if the sum of 43. For any two numbers a and b, a? b= (a+b) its digits is equal to the product ofits digits. (a b).For example, 10?5 = (10-+5) Which ofthe following numbers is “blue”? (10 ~ 5) = (15)(5) =75. The value of 7? 5s, (A) WL (A) 2 (B) 220 @) 2 (C) 321 (C) 24 (D) 422 (©) 36 (E) 521 (E) 48 41, ‘To “fix” a number, you must perform the 44, What is the greatest integer less than. a following four steps: (4) 9 Step 1: Raise the number to the third power. (B) 10 Step 2: Divide the result by 2. ou Step 3: Take the absolute value of the result of (D) 12 Step 2. (®) 13 Step 4: Round off this result to the nearest whole number. 45. Which of the following is NOT less than 0.25? ‘When you “fix” ~3, you get w (a) -13, 3 B) 2 @ 4 Ou © 5 o*% (D) 13 4 iv ® (p) 2 ) Os 42. When Dis divided by 15, the result is 6 with a @ 4 remainder of 2, What is the remainder when D v7 is divided by 6? 46. If the average of five consecutive odd numbers (ao is 11, then the largest number is @) 1 (a7 ©2 @) 15 0) 3 OB (E) 4 (D) «@) 9PART THREE: COMMON CONTENT FOR THE SSAT AND ISEE PRACTICE QUESTION ANSWERS LD ‘The way to tell Fan integer is even is look at the ito che vight—the ones digi. Ifehat die is divisible by 2, or sO, the number is even, Looking at the choices, only (D) ends in a number that isn't divisible by 2, so it is not even. ase di 2B A prime number is an integer greater than I chacis divisible by only two different positive integers, itself and 1, Of the choices, only (B), 53, and (B), 59, are prime. You wane the least prime number greater chan 50, so (B) is correct. Using the divsibiliry rules would «quickly show you that 51 and 57 are divisible by 3, while 55 is divisible by 5. aE Ifthe ones digit of a number is even (0, 2, 4, 6, or 8), the number is even, The only choice whose last digit is even is (E), 756. 4a Before you do the multiplication, see which common factors in the numerator and denominator can be canceled. Canceling a 3 from the 3 in the numerator 15x 7x1 3x5x2° ‘Canceling a 5 from the 15 in the numerator and the 3x7x1 3x1x2 3 in the numerator and the 3 in the denominator 7x1 7 4h leaves 2*1.2 3h, x2 2 02 5. ¢ and the 9 in the denominator leaves 5 in the denominator leaves ~ Canceling the The least common multiple (LCM) of two integers is the product of their prime factors, each raised to the highest power with which it appears. The prime CrackSSAT.com aritHmeric | 207 factorization of 18 is 2 x 3? and that of 24 is 25 x 3. So their LCM is 28 x 3? = 8 x 9 = 72. You could also find their LCM by checking out che multiples of the larger integer until you find the one that’s also a ‘multiple of the smaller. Check out the multiples of 24: 242 No, 48? No. 722 Yes, 72= 4x 18. 6 ¢ Ifa number is divisible by 3, the sum of its digits will be divisible by 3. Checking the answer choices, only (C), 465, works since 4 +6 +5 = 15, which is Aivisible by 3. LE According to PEMDAS, startin the parentheses. Perform multiplication before subtraction: ~6(3 ~ 12). After the subtraction: -6(-9), Since a negative times a negative isa positive, the answer is 54, (B). 8B Ifa number is di ble by 10, is last digi will be 20, Only (B) fits this criterion. ible by both 5 and 2, then ie muse also be divisible by 5 x 2 or 10. Since a number divisible by 10 must have a 0 as is lst digit, (D) is correct. 10. C Fora number to be divisible by 3 and 10, it must satisfy the divisibilicy rules of bch: Is last digit must be 0, which automatically eliminates (A), and the sum of its digits must be divisible by 3. Checking the rest ofthe answer choices, only (C) is also divisible by 3, since2+1+0=3.208 | CHAPTER 11 WD For a number to be a multiple of both 2 and 5, it must also be a multiple of 2 x 5 = 10. This means it ‘must have a0 as its last digie, which eliminates all bu (C) and (D). To be a multiple oF 3 che number's digits must sum co a multiple of 3. (D) is the only remaining choice that fits this requirement, since 4424026. IE ‘Since an even number is divisible by 2, the question is asking for a number that is divisible by 2, 3, and 5. Ifthe number is divisible by 2 and 5, it must also be divisible by 10, so its last digit must be 0. To be a multiple of 3, its digits must sum to a multiple of 3. Eliminace (A) and (B) since they don't end in 0. OF the remaining choices, only (B) is a multiple of 3, since 3 +9 +0-= 12. 13.€ Tf Professor Jones was able to distribute all che books in groups of 3 without any left over, the number of books she started with was divisible by 3. Whichever choice is divisible by 3 must therefore be correct, For a number to be divisible by 3, the sum of its digits must also be divisible by 3. Only (C) fits this requirement: 2+5+2=9. We ‘The problem tells you that the number of pieces of candy in the box can be evenly divided by 3 and 5. So the correct answer has 2 0 0r 5 as its last digits and the sum ofits digits is divisible by 3. Eliminare (A) and (C) since they don't end in either 0 or 5. OF the remaining choices, only (B) is also divisible by 3, since 5 +5+5« 15. CrackSSAT.com PART THREE: COMMON CONTENT FOR THE SSAT AND ISEE 15. E Use che answer choices to help find the solution. ‘When backsolving, start with the middle choice, since it will help you determine if the correct answer needs to be greater or less than it In this case, the middle choice is 16. The sum of 16 and 2 numbers that are each smaller than 16 has to be less than 3 x 16 or 48, s0 it is obviously too small. Therefore, (A) and (B) must also be too small, and you can eliminate all chree. Try (D), 20. Again, 20 plus two numbers smaller than 20 will be less than 3 x 20 or 60, 50 it’s noc correct. The only choice remaining is (©), 24, so it must be correct. To prove it, 24 plus the ‘wo preceding consecutive multiples of 4, which are 16 and 20, do indeed sum to 60: 16 + 20 + 24 = 60. 16. E ‘When you're asked how many strips # ofa foot Jong can be cut from a 60-foot piece of wire, youre being asked how many times 4 goes into 60, oF what is 60 +4, Before you da the climinate sorte unreasonable answer choices, Since isles than 1, $ mus go ino 60 more han 60 times. Eliminate (A), (B), and (C) because cheye all less than or equal to 60. Dividing by a fraction is the same as multiplying by its reciprocal s0 60 + 4 = 60 x 2-75, ° | you can, 4 AE Ifa number is odd, its last digit must be odd. (E) ends in an even digit, so itis not odd. 18. E ‘The sum of two negative numbers is always negative. (E) is the only negative choice, so it must be correct. IF you're wondering how two negative numbers can add up to =1, remember that “number”PART THREE: COMMON CONTENT FOR THE SSAT AND ISEE doesnit necessavly mean “integer” Ie can also mean “fraction.” For example,(—1),(—3)=-1 aa “Always read the questions carefully to see what types of numbers are involved. 19. A prime number has only two different positive factors, Land itself The numbers 2, 7, and 17 ate obviously prime, so eliminate chem. Use the divisibility rules to check out the two remaining choices. Both end in an odd number, so neither is divisible by 2. But the digits of 87 sum to 15, a multiple of 3, so 87 is divisible by 3 and is therefore not prime. 20. A The product of a positive integer and a negative integer is always negative. (A) is positive, so it couldn't be the product of a negative and a positive, 21.8 ‘The simplest way to solve this problem is to convert the numbers so that they all decimals oral fractions: 54m 52-0 5,2;22 2.4.Now 3” °10 5 yout can more easily compare the distances. On ‘Monday, they ran the same number of miles. On Tuesday, Susie ran 5.2 miles and Dennis ran 3.6 niles, The difference between the two amounts is 5.2.3.6, oF 1.6, so on Tuesday Susie ran 1.6 more miles than Dennis did. On Wednesday, Susie ran 4.8 miles and Dennis ran 2.4, Then 4.8 - 2.4 = 2.4, s0 on Wednesday Susie ran 2.4 miles more than Dennis. The total difference for the three days is 1.6 +2.4 = 4.0 more miles. 22. € A number that is a multiple of 60 must be a multiple of every factor of 60. The factors of 60 are 1, 2, 3,4, CrackSSAT.com mene | 2° 5, 6, 10, 12, 15, 20, 30, and 60. (A) and (1) are not muleiples of 10. (B) and (B) are not multiples of 3. ‘The answer is 540, (C), 23. € The product of three integers must be an integer, 0 climinate (A) and (D). A product of integers that has at least one even factor is even, so the product of two ‘odd integers and one even integer must be even. The only even choice is 6, (C). 24, B ‘This question is simply asking for the sum of 9,899,399 and 2,082, which is 9,901,481, (B). 25.€ che middle of five consecutive integers is 13, the first two are 11 and 12 and the last ewo are 14 and 15. So the sum is 11 + 12+ 13+ 14415 =65. You could get to this answer more quickly if you knew: thac the middle term in a group of consecutive ‘numbers is equal to the average of the group of numbers. In other words, the average of these five integers is 13, so their sun would be 13 x 5 = 65. 26.B Simplify she expression by rst simplifying che fraction 5 which equals 2, Then, to divide the exponential expressions with the same base, subtract the exponents:240 | CHAPTER 11 22. ‘A negative number raised to an odd power is negative. Using PEMDAS, -23(1 ~ 29 + (-2)8 25(-1)9 + (-2)> =-8(-1) +8) + (8) -8 =0 28.€ ‘The mean (or average) is the sum of the terms divided by the number of terms. The numbers included are 11, 13, 15, and 17. Note that 19 is not in the set, since mis less than 19. The average is M+ +1517 56 _ yy BAB SIH? 28 14, The average isan even 4 4 ‘number although the numbers in the set are all odd. 29. D Substitute the number on the left for « and the ‘number on the right for bin the formula given for the strange symbol. First, convert 6 to an improper fraction: 2, So the numerator is 3 times “4, or 4 2 a (simplifying the fraction) 3 times 7, or =. Gmplilying the faction) 3 times 7 o£ Dividing by? is the same as multiplying by 4 So. 24 13 wehave Ax 4 or 2423. 67 41a 30.E Multiply the number of hours per day times the number of days times the rate per hou. 4.5 x 3 x 7.25 = 97.875, which rounds to $97.88. CrackSSAT.com PART THREE: COMMON CONTENT FOR THE SSAT AND ISEE 31.D Lets say the original price is x dollars. The price paid is 70 percent of the original price (100% minus 30%). So, 0.7 = 353 70x = 3,5005 + = 50. 32. ‘The numbers for the week are 16, 21, 20, 17, 19, 21, 17, Listing them in ascending order, we have 16, 17, 17, 19, 20, 21, 21. There are an odd number of numbers, so the median is the number in the middle of the set: 19. 33. By adding the 8 white, 4 red, 7 green, and 5 blue marbles, we have a total of 24 marbles. If8 are ‘withdrawn, 16 remain in the bag, Ifthe chance of drawing a white marble is now one-fourth, 4 white ‘marbles remain in the bag, so 8 ~4, or 4 must have been drawn out. 3B ‘To simplify che square root of a large number, break the aumber down into two or mote factors and write the number as the product ofthe square roots of those factors. This is especially useful ‘when one of the factors is a perfect square, In this case, break 1,500 down into two factors, 1,500 = 15 x 100, and 100 is a perfect square. So 1,500 = [100 x 15 = 100 x Ji5 = 10Vi5, 35.D ‘This isa basic arithmetic problem, and if you remember PEMDAS, it will be a breeze, PEMDAS tells you the order in which you need to do the different calculations: parentheses, exponents, multiplication and division, addition and subtraction, Take the expression and solve the parts in chat order:PART THREE: COMMON CONTENT FOR THE SSAT AND ISEE 26 x 2)? 2766 + 2) +3? (GP? ~ 273) + 3* = 2(36) - 2763) +9 = 72-8149 949 36.C One way to solve this one would be to do the calculation. But this is really atest co see if you understand how to approximate a calculation by rounding off numbers. You could round off both ‘numbers to the nearest whole number, but chat wouldn't make the calculation much easier: And besides, the answer choices you're choosing between are pretty far apart, o you can probably round both numbers to the nearest ten, Then 48.9 is close to 50, s0 round it up to 50. And 21.2 is close to 20, «0 round it down to 20, Now the multiplication is 50 x 20 or 1,000, choice (C). 32 E In terms of order of operations, treat absolute value bars and roots just like parentheses: Simplify them. firs. In this case, first find the value of 16 ~ 25: 16 - 25 = -9. The absolute value of a number is its distance from zero on the number line, Now -9 is 9 units from zero, so |16 - 25] = |-9] Now, simplify ¥25 16. 25 - 16 = 9, s0 25=16 = V9. Because the radical sign is being used, simplify V9 by Finding only the positive square root of 9, which is 3. The problem becomes 9 + 3, which is 12, (E). CrackSSAT.com: aRiTHmeric | 744 38.€ You're being asked whether 81,455 is closer to 81,400 0 81,500. Logically, because 81,455 is greater than 81,450 (che halfway point between 81,400 and 81,500), it is closer to 81,500. Formally, o round number to the nearest hundred, consider the tens digit. Ifthe tens digit is 5 or greater, round the hundreds digit up 1. Ifthe tens digic i 4 or smaller, kkeep the same hundreds digit. Here the tens digit is 5, so round the hundreds digit up 1 from 4 to 5. To the nearest 100, 81,455 is 81,500, (C). 39.0 This problem is a snap if you remember that 4% of = 0% of a. In this case, 35% of x = x% of 35, 50.2% of 3587, Ifyou dide't eemember that 4% of b = 196 of a, you could also have solved the statement that 35% of 2 is 7 forxand then found 1% of 35. Percent x Whole = Part, so. 35x= 700 x=20 So x9% of 35 is 20% of 35, which is 7, (A). 40..€ In this type of problem, you're given a rule ot definition you've never heard before and then asked a question involving that new rule. In chis example, you're given a definition of the term “blue”: a ‘number is “blue” ifthe sum of ies digits is equal to the product ofits digits. To solve, simply try each, answer until you find the one that fits the definition of “blue.” Only (C) is blue, because 3 4 241 = 3x2x1=6.242 | CHAPTER 11 aE ‘This is another invented rule question. This time all you have to dois follow disections. To “ix’ ~3, you first raise it to che third power: (~3)? = -27. ‘Then divide this resule by 2: -27 + 2 = -13.5. Next, take the absolute value of -13.5, which is just 13. Finally, round off this result othe nearest incege: 13.5 rounds up to 14, (). 42.€ ‘One way to do this problem isto realize thae the remainder would have to be the same whether D were divided by 15 or 6, since D= 15 x 6 + 2.In other words, Dis 2 more than a multiple of both 15 and 6. Hence, the remainder is 2 regardless of whether D is divided by 15 or 6. Otherwise, find the actual value of D by calculating: Dal5x6+2 0+ 2 = Now divide D by 6 to find the remainder: 92 + 6 with a remainder of 2, (C) is correct. . CrackSSAT.com PART THREE: COMMON CONTENT FOR THE SSAT AND ISEE 43.C ‘This is another follow-the-instructions problem. Just replace a with 7 and bwith 5.S07?5=(7 +5) (7-5) = (12)(2) = 24, ©), 44. C a5 a 7 2112, so che greatest integer less than — is 11. erie greatest integer 3 45.€ 025 «7.50 just find which choice is NOT less than + + 16 1 (©), "8 reducesto + soitisequalto,noclessthan,0.25. (©), B reduceso + sovisequalt,nodlsthan.0.25 46. B “The average of an odd number of consecutive numbers is equal to the middle term, Since 11 is the average of these five consecutive odd numbers, 11 is the third and middle term. So the five numbers are 7,9, 11, 13, and 15, The largest number is 15.