182725, 11:33 PM Introduction of DBMS (Database Management System) - GeekstorGacks Search, G Sign in to GeeksforGeeks with Google x 6 ‘SHUBHAM VERMA shubhamverma31122005@[Link] Introduction of DBMS (D 6 Shubham System) shubham3 122005001 @amilcom Last Updated : 01 Aug, 2025 A Database Management System (DBMS) is a software solution designed to efficiently manage organize and retrieve data in a structured manner. It allows users to create, modify and query databases while ensuring data integrity, security and efficient data access. Unlike traditional file systems, DBMS minimizes data redundancy, prevents inconsistencies and simplifies data management with features like concurrent access and backup mechanisms. DBMS plays an important role in supporting data-driven decision-making and operational efficiency. APP APP = laa aa |e * Data Storage & Retrieval: Efficiently stores and fetches data using queries. * Concurrency Control: Multiple users can work simultaneously without We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By ntps:[Link] orgidomsiinoduction-of-dbms-database-management-system-set-t/ ane2725, 11:09 M Induction of DBMS (Database Management Sys) - GesksforGooks * Security & Access Control: Restricts access to authorized users. + Backup & Recovery: Protects data from loss with automatic recovery mechanisms. * Indexing: Speeds up data searches using indexes. Problems with Traditional File-Based Systems Before the advent of modern DBMS, data was managed using basic file systems on hard drives. While this approach allowed users to store, retrieve and update files as needed, it came with numerous challenges. A typical example can be seen in a file-based university management system, where data was stored in separate sections such as Departments, Academics, Results, Accounts and Hostels. Certain information like student names and phone numbers was repeated across multiple files, leading to the following issues: * Data Redundancy: Same data stored in multiple files, leading to duplication and wasted space * Data Inconsistency: Mismatched information due to outdated or incorrect entries in different files. * Difficult Access: Locating specific data required knowing the exact file and manually searching * Poor Security: No control over who could view or edit sensitive information. + No Multi-user Access: Only one person could use a file at a time, slowing down teamwork. * No Backup & Recovery: Data loss was permanent if a file was deleted or corrupted. Components of DBMS. A DBMS is made up of six key components that work together to handle data effectively. We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By ntps:[Link] orgidomsiinoduction-of-dbms-database-management-system-set-t/ ate182725, 1:33 PM Introduction of DBMS (Database Management System) - GeekstorGacks 5.606Uté<‘(as > FF fF Software Procedure Component of DBMS Hardware Data access language 1. Hardware * Physical devices like servers, disks, input-output devices (keyboard, monitor, printer). * Stores and processes data; interfaces between real-world inputs and digital systems. * Examples: Personal computer hard disk, RAM, network devices used for DBMS operations. 2. Software Aptitude Engineering Mathematics Discrete Mathematics Operating System | sign in * Actual DEMS software lke MySQL, Uracle, PostgreSQL. * Includes the database engine, OS, network software, and application tools. * Translates database access languages into operations. 3. Data * Raw facts stored in structured or unstructured formats. * Operational Data: Actual user data (e.g., name, age). We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By ntps:[Link] orgidomsiinoduction-of-dbms-database-management-system-set-t/ ane182725, 11:33 PM Introduction of DBMS (Database Management System) - GeekstorGacks 4. Procedures Instructions and rules for using DBMS effectively. Covers setup, login/logout, data validation, backup, access control, and report generation. Helps ensure consistent and secure use of the system. 5. Database Access Language Used to interact with the database (create, read, update, delete data). Examples: SQL, MyAccess, Oracle PL/SQL. DDL (Data Definition Language) — create, ALTER, DROP DML (Data Manipulation Language) — insear, UPDATE, DELETE 6. People Users interacting with DBMS at different levels: Database Administrators (DBA) - Manage security, performance, user access. Developers ~ Build applications using the database. End Users ~ Use applications to access the database (e.g., students, employees). Types of DBMS There are several types of Database Management Systems (DBMS), each tailored to different data structures, scalability requirements and application needs. The most common types are as follows: 1. Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) * It organizes data into tables (relations) composed of rows and columns 60 ae We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By ntps:[Link] orgidomsiinoduction-of-dbms-database-management-system-set-t/ ana,2725, 11:09 M Induction of DBMS (Database Management Sys) - GesksforGooks * Queries are written in SQL (Structured Query Language), which allows for efficient data manipulation and retrieval. Examples: MySQL oracle, Microsoft SQL Server and Postgre SQL 2. NoSQL DBMS They are designed to handle large-scale data and provide high performance for scenarios where relational models might be restrictive. They store data in various non-relational formats, such as key-value pairs, documents, graphs or columns. These flexible data models enable rapid scaling and are well-suited for unstructured or semi-structured data Examples: MongoDB, Cassandra, DynamoDB and Redis. 3. Object-Oriented DBMS (OODBMS) It integrates object-oriented programming concepts into the database environment, allowing data to be stored as objects. Supports complex data types and relationships, making it ideal for applications requiring advanced data modeling and real-world simulations. Examples: ObjectDB, db4o. 4. Hierarchical Database Organizes data in a tree-like structure, where each record (node) has a single parent and have multiple children. This model is similar to a file system with folders and subfolders. It is efficient for storing data with a clear hierarchy, such as We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By ntps:[Link] orgidomsiinoduction-of-dbms-database-management-system-set-t/ sie2725, 11:09 M Induction of DBMS (Database Management Sys) - GesksforGooks * It lacks flexibility and difficult to restructure or handle complex many- to-many relationships Example: IBM Information Management System (IMS). 5. Network Database It uses a graph-like model to allow more complex relationships between entities. Unlike the hierarchical model, it permits each child to have multiple parents, enabling many-to-many relationships. Data is represented using records and sets, where sets define the relationships. It is more flexible than the hierarchical model and better suited for applications with complex data linkages. Example: Integrated Data Store (IDS), TurbolMAGE. 6. Cloud-Based Database They are hosted on cloud computing platforms like AWS, Azure or Google Cloud. They offer on-demand scalability, high availability, automatic backups and remote accessibility. These databases can be relational (SQL) or non-relational (NoSQL) and are maintained by cloud service providers, reducing administrative overhead. They support moder application requirements, including distributed access and real-time analytics. Example: Amazon RDS (for SQL), MongoDB Atlas (for NoSQL), Google BigQuery. We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By ntps:[Link] orgidomsiinoduction-of-dbms-database-management-system-set-t/ ene2725, 11:09 M Invoducton of DBMS (Database Management System) - eekslrGeeks Database languages are specialized sets of commands and instructions used to define, manipulate and control data within a database. Each language type plays a distinct role in database management, ensuring efficient storage, retrieval and security of data. The primary database languages include: 1. Data Definition Language (DDL) DDL is the short name for Data Definition Language, which deals with database schemas and descriptions, of how the data should reside in the database. CREATE: to create a database and its objects like (table, index, views, store procedure, function and triggers) ALTER: alters the structure of the existing database DROP: delete objects from the database TRUNCATE: remove all records from a table, including all spaces allocated for the records are removed COMMENT: add comments to the data dictionary RENAME: rename an object We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By ntps:[Link] orgidomsiinoduction-of-dbms-database-management-system-set-t/ me2725, 11:09 M Induction of DBMS (Database Management Sys) - GesksforGooks DML focuses on manipulating the data stored in the database, enabling users to retrieve, add, update and delete data. * SELECT: retrieve data from a database + INSERT: insert data into a table UPDATE: updates existing data within a table DELETE: Delete all records from a database table MERGE: UPSERT operation (insert or update) CALL: call a PL/SQL or Java subprogram EXPLAIN PLAN: interpretation of the data access path LOCK TABLE: concurrency Control 3. Data Control Language (DCL) DCL commands manage access permissions, ensuring data security by controlling who can perform certain actions on the database. * GRANT: Provides specific privileges to a user (e.g., SELECT, INSERT). * REVOKE: Removes previously granted permissions from a user. 4. Transaction Control Language (TCL) TCL commands oversee transactional data to maintain consistency, reliability and atomicity. ROLLBACK: Undoes changes made during a transaction. COMMIT: Saves all changes made during a transaction. SAVEPOINT: Sets a point within a transaction to which one can later roll back. 5. Data Query Language (DQL) DQL is a subset of DML, specifically focused on data retrieval. We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By ntps:[Link] orgidomsiinoduction-of-dbms-database-management-system-set-t/ ane182725, 11:33 PM Introduction of DBMS (Database Management System) - GeekstorGacks Applications of DBMS * Banking: Manages accounts and transactions. + E-commerce: Tracks products, orders, and customers. + Healthcare: Stores patient records and diagnoses. * Education: Handles student grades and schedules. * Social Media: Manages user profiles and interactions. * Data Science: Supports analytics and predictions. Introdu of DBY Intro to Dems We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By ntps:[Link] orgidomsiinoduction-of-dbms-database-management-system-set-t/ ona182725, 11:33 PM Introduction of DBMS (Database Management System) - GeekstorGacks Introduction of DBMS Next Article History of DBMS OG GeeksforGeeks Corporate & Communications Address: (201305) Registered Address: K 061, Tower K, Gulshan Vivante dpsnnresensacats Sate Company Explore Corporate Solution Campus Training Program We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By ntps:[Link] orgidomsiinoduction-of-dbms-database-management-system-set-t/ sorteIntroduction of DEMS (Database Management System) - GeekstorGasks 182725, 11:33 PM PHP GoLang SQL RLanguage Android Data Science & ML Data Science With Python Machine Learning ML Maths Data Visualisation Pandas NumPy NLP Deep Learning. 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