0600DB0002
0600DB0002
Introduction The GC-200 Ground-Fault Relay System protects a distribution system from
low-level ground faults and arcing faults, which conventional circuit breakers
and fuses often cannot detect until serious damage has been done. It is
estimated that approximately 80–85% of all faults begin as ground faults.
Ground faults are unintentional current paths to the system ground,
frequently due to reduced insulation or physical damage to insulation. They
may occur in main, feeder, or branch circuits. If they are not detected and
corrected, ground faults can lead to equipment damage or injury to
personnel.
Additional References Bulletin 48049-212-05 Instruction bulletin for GC-200 Ground Fault Relay
Bulletin S1A43091 Instructions for GC2DSP Display
Bulletin 0600DB0001 Reducing Fault Stress with Zone-Selective Interlocking
Ground-Fault System A typical ground-fault protection system (Figure 1) includes the following
(the relay, display, and sensors are described in greater detail later in this
bulletin):
Equipment Ground-Fault Equipment ground-fault protection is a subject that is often overlooked when
designing a protection scheme for an electrical system. Often, the only
Protection question asked is, “Does the NEC require it?” However, the minimum NEC
requirements specify only that “ground-fault protection of equipment [be]
provided for solidly grounded wye electrical services of more than 150 volts
to ground, but not exceeding 600 volts phase-to-phase for each service
disconnect rated 1000 amperes or more” (NEC 230-95, 215-10, 240-13).
The real question that should be asked when specifying a circuit breaker for
overcurrent protection is, “Wouldn’t one also need ground-fault protection to
protect equipment against the most common of all faults?”
A common rationale for not applying ground-fault relays is, “The overcurrent
devices will take out the fault.” However, this is not necessarily true in the
case of an arcing fault, which may have a current level below the
overcurrent pickup level.
Ground-Fault protection is recommended at more levels than the minimum
required by the NEC for these reasons:
• to avoid shutting down an entire facility when only a branch or feeder
circuit breaker has a ground fault;
• to protect equipment located far downstream of the main circuit breaker;
• to supplement normal overcurrent protection—it is estimated that
80–85% of faults begin as ground faults.
The GC-200 relay and peripheral equipment are suitable for the following
solidly-grounded electrical environments:
• any low-voltage power distribution system, from main circuit breakers to
downstream locations
• single-phase and three-phase 50/60 Hz
• industrial and commercial installations
Providing coordinated ground-fault protection at the feeder and branch
circuit breaker levels can minimize the costs of having a production
shutdown because of an isolated ground fault at a feeder or branch circuit
breaker level.
Costs of troubleshooting and replacing damaged circuits or equipment due
to sustained, arcing, low-level ground faults can be minimized with a
comprehensive ground-fault detection and protection system.
GC-200 Ground-Fault Relay The heart of the GC-200 Ground-Fault Relay System is the GC-200
Ground-Fault Relay. The relay receives the zero-sequence signal
(composite of phases A, B, C, and Neutral) from the sensor and compares it
to its pickup settings. If a ground-fault occurs, the relay operates its output
contacts to cause an associated switch or circuit breaker to interrupt the
faulted circuit (or alarm only, if so implemented).
The product line includes three models to cover the range from low-level
branch circuit breakers to high-level feeder or main circuit breakers, with
pickup settings from 3 A up to 1200 A, as listed in Table 1. Each model has
ten switch-selectable pickup settings within its range. The pickup settings in
the GC-200D and GC-200E relays can be further fine-tuned by using the
GC2DSP display (in increments of 1 A for the 200D and 10 A for the 200 E).
Indicator Lights The front panel of the GC-200 relay has three indicating lights to show status:
• Power (A): Green LED indicates relay is powered
• Restrained (B): Yellow LED indicates the relay is receiving a restraint signal
from a downstream relay or a Micrologic trip unit or is self-restrained
• Tripped (C): Red LED indicates relay has tripped on a ground fault
09313074
See Instruction bulletin 48049-212 for approved sensors. / Consulte el boletín 48049-212 para obtener información
información sobre los sensores aprobados. / Réferer au manuel d’instruction 48049-212 pour les détecteurs homopolaire approuvés.
A Power
Alimentación
Pickup (A) Delay (Sec)
Activación (A) Retardo (Seg)
Ground-fault Relay
Relevador de falla a tierra
Relais de défaut à la terre
Seuil (A) Retard (Sec)
Puissance
B Restrained
Restringido
ZSI Test
Prueba de ZSI
ZSI Test
Restreint
Tripped Reset
C Disparado
Declenché
Restablecimiento
Reármement
For use with copper wire only.
Para usarse con conductores de cobre solamente.
Utilisation avec fils de cuivre seulement.
Assembled in USA
Ensamblado en los EUA
Assemblé aux É.-U.
The Restrained light is used in conjunction with the ZSI test push button to
verify ZSI wiring in the field. If the wiring is intact, operation of a downstream
ZSI test button will cause the first upstream relay to indicate Restrained.
Auxiliary Trip The GC-200 relay can be used by other devices to interrupt the load current
by means of the Auxiliary Input terminals. For example, an external device
such as a Programmable Logic Controller output could apply a 120 Vac
signal to cause an immediate trip of the relay and the associated switch or
circuit breaker.
GC2DSP Ground-Fault The optional GC2DSP Ground-Fault Display is a versatile unit that provides
a local or remote alphanumeric read-out of the relay settings. The display
Display allows adjustment of the pickup settings on the GC-200D and GC-200E
models in smaller increments—for more accurate coordination—than the
selector switch alone on the GC-200 relay allow.
The GC-200 relays can be used as stand-alone units without the display in
cost-sensitive applications.
Additional GC2DSP features include:
• remote testing of ground-fault relay, with or without circuit breaker
operation;
• a trip test to activate the trip indicator, auxiliary relay, and, if selected,
tripping relay;
• remote resetting of the ground-fault relay;
• English, Spanish, or French display—user selects;
• surface-mountable option
• Powered from the GC-200 relay.
Figure 5: Sensors
GC-200C T6A Toroid 1000:1 1200 A 8.3 (211) 8.4 (213) 1.5 (38) 5.75 (146) Dia. —
T6A-S Toroid, split-core 1000:1 8.6 (218) 9.8 (249) 2.0 (51) 5.75 (146) Dia. —
GC-200D T9A Toroid 1000:1 12.0 (305) 12.0 (305) 2.0 (51) 8.75 (222) Dia. —
R7-13A 1000:1 17.0 (432) 12.0 (305) 2.0 (51) 13.5 (343) 7.5 (191)
200 mA to
R4-17A Rectangular 1000:1 20.8 (528) 7.5 (191) 2.0 (51) 17.6 (447) 4.25 (108)
1200 A
R8-26A 1000:1 30.3 9770 13.1 (333) 2.3 (58) 26.5 (673) 8.0 (203)
Figure 6: Coordination of Multiple Levels The first requirement can be provided by coordination of the ground-fault
of Ground-Fault Protection protection scheme. Coordination involves setting longer time delays and
higher fault current pickups on upstream devices so as to allow downstream
devices to trip first, thus localizing the interruption of service at the lowest
06023000
Source
level possible. The GC-200 allows fine tuning of the pickup and delay
GC-200E settings to allow greater flexibility in coordination with both upstream and
Relay downstream devices. See Figure 6.
600 A
0.4 sec. The second requirement can be provided by using the ZSI feature of the
Main
Delay GC-200 relays. ZSI allows a relay detecting a ground fault to send a ZSI
signal to other relays or circuit breakers at higher levels, causing them to
restrain from tripping until the fault duration exceeds their time delay
settings. The relay at the lowest level detecting a fault will not receive a ZSI
GC-200D Relay GC-200D Relay
150 A 150 A
signal and therefore will operate without intentional delay (instantaneous).
0.3 sec. Delay 0.3 sec. Delay This clears the fault at the lowest level possible (minimizing the scope of the
outage) and in the shortest time possible (minimizing the stress on the
Feeder
power system). See Figure 7.
Branch
The ZSI signals of the GC-200 relay are compatible with PG, PJ, PL, RG,
GC-200C Relay GC-200C Relay RJ, RL, and Masterpact™ circuit breakers with Micrologic™ series 5.0 A trip
3.0 A 3.0 A units and higher and other GC-200 relays. For other signal levels, large
0.1 sec. Delay 0.1 sec. Delay quantities of devices or long signal wiring, an optional S48890 or S48895
Restraint Interface Module (RIM) may be required. For more information on
Load ZSI see data bulletin 0600DB0001, “Reducing Fault Stress with Zone-
selective Interlocking.”
Source
GC-200E Relay
Circuit Breaker
600 A
or Switch
0.4 sec. Delay ZSI In
Main
Feeder Branch
ZSI Out
Circuit Breaker Circuit Breaker GC-200C Relay
or Switch or Switch 3.0 A
0.1 sec. Delay Self-restrained
A need to set up the relay for an alarm only (but not protection), may be
encountered in situations where an automatic shutdown would introduce
additional hazards and therefore an operator must make the shutdown
decision (for example, continuous industrial processes or a fire pump
circuit).
Applications of Ground-Fault In many applications, the GC-200 relay should be applied for multi-zone
protection and not just for main circuit breaker protection. The relay is
Protection intended to protect against arcing ground faults, which can not necessarily
be detected with overcurrent circuit breakers and fuses until serious
damage has been done.
NOTE: The GC-200 Ground-Fault Relay may be used if the application
requires one or more of the following:
— equipment protection, including motors, transformers, cables, and
bus duct;
— ground-fault protection at any level—main, feeder, or branch circuit
breakers;
— self-protection of the substation, switchboard, or distribution system
from damage caused by arcing ground faults;
— a ground-fault alarm for emergency systems, per the NEC; or
— coordinated ground-fault protection to avoid nuisance tripping at a
level upstream of the ground fault.
NOTE: Do NOT use the GC-200 Ground-Fault Relay if any of the
following apply:
— a shunt trip can not be added to existing circuit breaker or switch;
— the thermal-magnetic circuit breaker includes ground-fault
protection;
— people protection (4-6 mA, per UL) is required; or
— the NEC or another code disallows it—for example, emergency
supplies, U.S. Coast Guard vessels, etc.
NOTE: The GC-200 Ground-Fault Relay may NOT be needed if any of the
following apply:
— the electronic trip circuit breaker includes a ground-fault function;
— the electronic trip circuit breaker can have ground-fault option added
economically;
— the user is content to allow the main circuit breaker to trip on a
ground-fault at the feeder or branch level (nuisance tripping); or
— the user is content to allow extensive damage at lower levels due to
high trip level at a main circuit breaker.
Replacing a GC-100 Ground- The GC-200 Ground-Fault Relay meets or exceeds all of the functional
specifications of its predecessor, the GC-100 Ground-Fault Relay. Thus the
Fault Relay with a GC-200 GC-200 relay can be used as a replacement for the GC-100 relay, but with
Ground-Fault Relay the following considerations:
1. Mounting Space: the GC-200 relay is 6.4 in (162.56 mm) wide and 3.54
in. (89.916 mm) high; the GC-100 relay is 5.6 in. (142.24 mm) wide and
9.6 in. (243.84 mm) high. If horizontal space is limited, the GC-200 relay
can be rotated 90 degrees.
2. Mounting of Relay: The GC-200 relay mounts on a 35 mm DIN rail.
The rail requires different mounting holes than the GC-100 relay.
3. Connections: Refer to the wiring diagrams for the new GC-200 relay
and the old GC-100 relay before proceeding with wiring.
4. Monitor Module: The existing test and reset buttons may be used for
those functions of the GC-200 relay, except they will not allow a test
without tripping.
NOTE: The GC2DSP Display provides a test of the relay electronics in
either “no trip test” or “trip test” modes.
5. ZSI: The ZSI function of the GC-200 relay is not compatible with the GC-
100 relay and other devices linked to it. The GC-200 can be used only
by adding an S48890 or S48895 RIM to provide compatible interface
with existing devices.
6. GC2DSP Display: This provides functions not available in the GC-100
relay. These functions can be added to the GC-200 relay with this
optional display.
Specifications
Table 3: Specifications
Pickup Range (A) Three models covering range from 3 A to 1200 A; see Table 1
Time Delay Settings Instantaneous plus both fixed and inverse I2t time delays of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 sec.
Main trip 10 A @ 120 V resistive, Form A
Output Contacts
Alarm contacts 5 A @120 V resistive, Form C
Sensors 1000:1 CT, 600:1 CT, or 700:1 CT; or modified differential ground-fault (MDGF) input
Inputs Auxiliary trip input 120 Vac operating
Pickup Accuracy: ± 10%
Metering Accuracy 10% of IG + one digit
Max. IG Accuracy 10%
GC-200C 999.9 A
Maximum Readings
GC-200D and GC-200E 9999 A
ZSI Signals See page 7 for compatibility details.
Power Requirements 120 Vac (+20/-45%) or 24 Vdc; 15 W
Frequency of Operation 50/60 Hz
GC-200 relay -31°F to 176°F (-35°C to +80°C)
Temperature Operating Range Inside cabinet: -4°F to 140°F (-20 to + 60°C)
GC2DSP display
Outside cabinet: -4°F to 131°F (-20 to +55°C)
GC-200 Relay 6.3 (160.0) W x 3.54 (89.9) H x 57.4 (2.28) D; 35 mm DIN rail-mountable
Dimensions:
GC2DSP Display 4.67 (117) W x 2.76 (70) H x 2.19 (55) D
in. (mm)
Sensor Variable (NOTE: Table 2 on page 6 provides overall dimensions and window size dimensions for conductors)
GC-200 Relay 1.25 lbs. (0.57 kg)
Weight GC2DSP Display 0.88 lbs. (0.40 kg)
Sensors Variable
Performance Characteristics See Trip Curve, Figure 10
Standards UL 1053; ANSI C37.90; CAN CSA C22.2 No. 144; FCC; RFI; EN6100; EMII: EN55022A
UL File No. E48368
Line
ZSI OUT Z2
120 Vac
ZSI IN Ground-fault Z5
Control
Transformer ZSI IN Signal Z3
Alarm Contact Common
Line
Alarm Contact NC
Alarm Contact NO
Auxiliary contact 1
on protected 2
Optional disconnect
Test Signal 3
Trip 4
120
Solenoid 5
Vac
6
Neutral
Disconnect 7
8
GC-200
Ground-fault 9 Ground-fault Relay
Sensor Input Common
10
1000:1 Ground-fault 11
Sensor Input
12
600:1 Ground-fault
700:1 Sensor Input 13
14
15
Test MDGF Signal Input 16
Input
17
MDGF Signal Common 18 GC2DSP
19 Display
Secondary 20
Output 21
22
Ground-fault 23
Sensor (CT) 24
Optional
25
Ground
26
27
24 VDC -
Optional Ground
of CT Frame 24 VDC +
30 ft.
Reset Input
Max.:
Auxiliary
GC2DSP
Display Module
[9.1 m]
Ø Ø Ø N Trip Input
Load
Optional
Ground
5.0
4.0
6.0
3.0
.15
7.0
9.0
8.0
.1
2.0
.09
.05
1.5
.06
.08
.8
.07
.3
.5
.9
.2
.4
.6
10
.7
1
10000 10000 ADJUSTABLE GROUND-FAULT PICKUP AND DELAY
9000 9000
8000 8000 CHARACTERISTIC TRIP CURVE NO. 931-2
7000 7000
6000 6000
5000 5000
4000 4000
3000 3000
2
2000 2000 Ground-fault I t OFF and ON
1500 1500
1000 1000
900 900
800 800
700 700 The time-current curve information is to be used for application
and coordination purposes only.
600 600
Curves apply from -30°C to +60°C ambient temperature.
0.1
500 500
400 400
Notes:
In =
300 300
30 A for GC200C
300 A for GC200D
1200 A for GC200E
200 200
150 150
0.2
100 100
90 Ground-fault 90
80 Pickup 80
70 x In 70
60 60
50 50
40 40
30
0.3
30
0.7
0.5
0.9
20 20
TIME IN SECONDS
15 15
10 10
9 9
8 8
7 7
0.4
6 6
0.6
4 4
0.8
1.0
0.4
3 3
ON
0.2
2 2
ON
1.5 1.5
Delay
1
Seconds at 1x In
1
.9
0.1 .9
0.2
.8 .8
0.3
.7 0.4 .7
.6 .6
.5 .5
0.3
Ground-
fault .4 .4
ON
0.1
I ²t ON .3 .3
0.3 OFF
.2 .2
.05 .05
.04 .04
.03 .03
.02
0 .02
.015
1 Cycle .015
.01 .01
.009 .009
.008
1/2 Cycle .008
.007 .007
.006 .006
.005 .005
5.0
4.0
6.0
3.0
.15
7.0
9.0
8.0
.1
2.0
.09
.05
1.5
.06
.08
.8
.07
.3
.5
.9
.2
.4
.6
10
.7