Gowtham SB
www.linkedin.com/in/sbgowtham/ Instagram - @dataengineeringtamil
🧠 Python Guide: Partially Applied
Functions
Using functools.partial from the functools module
✅ What is a Partially Applied Function?
A partially applied function is a new function created by pre-filling some
arguments of an existing function — so you only pass the remaining arguments
later.
🧠 It’s like making a shortcut version of a function with default values baked in.
✅ Done using functools.partial
🔧 Import First
from functools import partial
📦 Example 1: GST Billing System
💡 Problem:
You're repeatedly calculating prices with 18% tax.
def calculate_price(base_price, tax_rate):
return base_price * (1 + tax_rate)
✅ Partial Function:
from functools import partial
# Create GST-specific billing function
Gowtham SB
www.linkedin.com/in/sbgowtham/ Instagram - @dataengineeringtamil
price_with_gst = partial(calculate_price, tax_rate=0.18)
# Use it with just base price
print(price_with_gst(1000)) # 1180.0
print(price_with_gst(500)) # 590.0
🟢 Why it’s useful: You don’t need to pass 0.18 every single time.
📦 Example 2: Gmail Email Generator
💡 Problem:
You're always building emails ending with @gmail.com.
def build_email(username, domain):
return f"{username}@{domain}"
✅ Partial Function:
from functools import partial
# Lock domain to gmail.com
create_gmail = partial(build_email, domain="gmail.com")
# Now only provide the username
print(create_gmail("gowtham")) #
[email protected]print(create_gmail("rahul")) #
[email protected]🟢 Why it’s useful: Cleaner code for apps where domain is fixed (e.g., corporate or Gmail
signup forms)
🧠 Where to Use partial in Real Projects?
Use Case Benefit
API wrappers Pre-fill headers or tokens
Gowtham SB
www.linkedin.com/in/sbgowtham/ Instagram - @dataengineeringtamil
Email / username generators Fix domain, pass username only
Discount/tax calculators Lock rate, pass only base price
File handling Fix encoding/flags, pass file only
Loop-based processing Avoid repeating common args
functions
🏁 Summary
Feature Description
Module functools
Method partial()
Returns A new function with fixed values
Use when... You repeat same arguments again and
again
📌 Syntax Recap:
from functools import partial
new_func = partial(original_func, fixed_arg=value)
✅ TL;DR (1-liner):
Use functools.partial when you want to pre-fill some arguments of a
function and create a simplified version.
About the Author
Gowtham SB is a Data Engineering expert, educator, and content creator with a
passion for big data technologies, as well as cloud and Gen AI . With years of
Gowtham SB
www.linkedin.com/in/sbgowtham/ Instagram - @dataengineeringtamil
experience in the field, he has worked extensively with cloud platforms, distributed
systems, and data pipelines, helping professionals and aspiring engineers master the
art of data engineering.
Beyond his technical expertise, Gowtham is a renowned mentor and speaker, sharing
his insights through engaging content on YouTube and LinkedIn. He has built one of
the largest Tamil Data Engineering communities, guiding thousands of learners to
excel in their careers.
Through his deep industry knowledge and hands-on approach, Gowtham continues to
bridge the gap between learning and real-world implementation, empowering
individuals to build scalable, high-performance data solutions.
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