Gowtham SB
www.linkedin.com/in/sbgowtham/ Instagram - @dataengineeringtamil
🎬 Topic: Loops & Control Flow in Python
✅ 1. for Loop – Looping through sequences
Used when you know how many times to loop (e.g., lists, strings, ranges)
for i in range(5):
print(i)
🖨 Output:
0
1
2
3
4
✅ Also works with lists:
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "mango"]
for fruit in fruits:
print(fruit)
✅ 2. while Loop – Repeat while condition is True
Used when the ending condition depends on logic
i = 1
while i <= 5:
print(i)
i += 1
Gowtham SB
www.linkedin.com/in/sbgowtham/ Instagram - @dataengineeringtamil
🖨 Output:
1
2
3
4
5
✅ 3. break – Stop the loop immediately
for i in range(10):
if i == 5:
break
print(i)
🛑 Loop stops when i == 5
✅ 4. continue – Skip the current iteration
for i in range(5):
if i == 2:
continue
print(i)
🚫 Skips printing 2
✅ 5. pass – Do nothing (placeholder)
Gowtham SB
www.linkedin.com/in/sbgowtham/ Instagram - @dataengineeringtamil
for i in range(3):
pass # reserved for future code
🧠 Used when Python requires a statement, but you don’t want to do anything (like in
unfinished functions or loops)
🧪 Mini Real-Life Example:
💡 Login Attempt System
attempts = 0
while attempts < 3:
password = input("Enter password: ")
if password == "admin123":
print("Login successful")
break
else:
print("Wrong password")
attempts += 1
🧠 Recap Table:
Keywor Purpose
d
for Loop over known items/range
while Loop while condition is True
break Exit the loop
contin Skip current iteration and
ue continue
pass Placeholder that does nothing
Gowtham SB
www.linkedin.com/in/sbgowtham/ Instagram - @dataengineeringtamil
✅ Difference Between for and while Loops
Feature for Loop while Loop
Usage Used when number of Used when condition-based
iterations is known repetition is needed
Syntax Loops over a sequence (like Loops while a condition is True
range, list)
Control Flow Automatically stops after Needs a condition that eventually
sequence ends becomes False
Example Use Looping over a list, range, or Waiting for a user to enter correct
Case string input
✅ Use Case of continue: Skip unwanted data
📘 Real-life Scenario:
You're processing a list of numbers, but you want to skip the negative values.
Python Example:
numbers = [10, -5, 20, -3, 15]
for num in numbers:
if num < 0:
continue # skip the negative numbers
print(f"Processing: {num}")
Gowtham SB
www.linkedin.com/in/sbgowtham/ Instagram - @dataengineeringtamil
🖨 Output:
Processing: 10
Processing: 20
Processing: 15
🧠 When to Use continue:
Scenario Why use continue?
Skip processing invalid inputs Don't exit loop, just skip that data
Skip weekends while looping over Only process weekdays
days
Filter values during iteration Example: Skip even numbers, skip
blanks
Here's how you can take a list of names and convert each one to uppercase using a
for loop.
Python Code:
names = ["saravana", "gowtham", "nandini", "nila", "rahul"]
for name in names:
print(name.upper())
🖨 Output:
SARAVANA
Gowtham SB
www.linkedin.com/in/sbgowtham/ Instagram - @dataengineeringtamil
GOWTHAM
NANDINI
NILA
RAHUL
🧠 Explanation:
● for name in names: → Loops through each name in the list
● name.upper() → Converts the name to uppercase
● print() → Displays the result
🎯 Real-Time while Loop Examples
🔹 1. ATM PIN Authentication System
📘 Logic:
Keep asking the user for a PIN until they enter the correct one.
correct_pin = "1234"
entered_pin = ""
while entered_pin != correct_pin:
entered_pin = input("Enter your PIN: ")
print("Access Granted ✅")
✅ Keeps looping until user enters the correct PIN.
Gowtham SB
www.linkedin.com/in/sbgowtham/ Instagram - @dataengineeringtamil
🔹 2. Countdown Timer
📘 Logic:
Countdown from 5 to 1 using a while loop.
count = 5
while count > 0:
print(f"Countdown: {count}")
count -= 1
print("Time's up! ⏰")
✅ Runs until count reaches 0.
🔹 3. Shopping Cart – Add Items Until 'done'
📘 Logic:
Keep asking for items until user types "done".
items = []
while True:
item = input("Add item (type 'done' to finish): ")
if item.lower() == "done":
break
items.append(item)
print("Items in cart:", items)
✅ Realistic use of infinite loop with a break.
Gowtham SB
www.linkedin.com/in/sbgowtham/ Instagram - @dataengineeringtamil
About the Author
Gowtham SB is a Data Engineering expert, educator, and content creator with a
passion for big data technologies, as well as cloud and Gen AI . With years of
experience in the field, he has worked extensively with cloud platforms, distributed
systems, and data pipelines, helping professionals and aspiring engineers master the
art of data engineering.
Beyond his technical expertise, Gowtham is a renowned mentor and speaker, sharing
his insights through engaging content on YouTube and LinkedIn. He has built one of
the largest Tamil Data Engineering communities, guiding thousands of learners to
excel in their careers.
Gowtham SB
www.linkedin.com/in/sbgowtham/ Instagram - @dataengineeringtamil
Through his deep industry knowledge and hands-on approach, Gowtham continues to
bridge the gap between learning and real-world implementation, empowering
individuals to build scalable, high-performance data solutions.
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