Python Advanced Guide: Practical Power for Pro-Level Coders
Advanced OOP Concepts
Inheritance:
class Animal:
def speak(self):
print("Animal sound")
class Dog(Animal):
def speak(self):
print("Bark")
Encapsulation and Private Attributes:
class BankAccount:
def init(self, balance):
self.__balance = balance
def get_balance(self):
return self.__balance
Polymorphism:
def make_sound(animal):
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Decorators
Used to modify function behavior without changing the function code.
def decorator(func):
def wrapper():
print("Before function call")
func()
print("After function call")
return wrapper
@decorator
def greet():
print("Hello")
greet()
Generators and Iterators
Generators allow iteration without storing the entire sequence in memory.
def count_up_to(n):
count = 1
while count <= n:
yield count
count += 1
for num in count_up_to(5):
print(num)
Comprehensions
Nested and dictionary comprehensions:
matrix = [[ij for j in range(3)] for i in range(3)]
d = {x: xx for x in range(5)}
Context Managers
Manage resources like files or network connections.
class CustomContext:
def enter(self):
print("Entering context")
return self
def exit(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
print("Exiting context")
with CustomContext():
print("Inside context")
Multithreading and Multiprocessing
import threading
def worker():
print("Thread running")
thread = [Link](target=worker)
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Functional Programming Tools
from functools import reduce
nums = [1, 2, 3, 4]
sum_all = reduce(lambda a, b: a + b, nums)
print(sum_all)
map_result = list(map(lambda x: x*2, nums))
filter_result = list(filter(lambda x: x % 2 == 0, nums))
Regular Expressions
import re
pattern = r"\d+"
text = "Order 123 and 456 arrived"
print([Link](pattern, text))
Type Hinting and Static Analysis
def greet(name: str) -> str:
return f"Hello {name}"
Use tools like mypy for type-checking.
Advanced Projects
Flask or Django-based blog site
REST API with authentication
Chat application using sockets
Multi-threaded file downloader
Machine learning with scikit-learn
Next Steps
Learn about asynchronous programming (asyncio)
Explore data handling using pandas and SQLAlchemy
Dive into deployment: Docker, Heroku, or AWS
Study design patterns in Python
This level is where Python becomes a true tool of automation, scalability, and professional-
grade development.