1.
Add Two Numbers and Return the Result
def add(a, b):
return a + b
print(add(5, 3)) # Output: 8
2. Print String in Uppercase
def to_uppercase(s):
print([Link]())
to_uppercase("hello world") # Output: HELLO WORLD
3. Return the Square of a Number
def square(n):
return n * n
print(square(7)) # Output: 49
4. Return the Factorial of a Number
def factorial(n):
result = 1
for i in range(2, n + 1):
result *= i
return result
print(factorial(5)) # Output: 120
5. Greeting Message with Name
def greet(name):
print(f"Hello, {name}! Welcome!")
greet("Alice") # Output: Hello, Alice! Welcome!
6. Check Whether a Number is Even or Odd
def even_or_odd(n):
if n % 2 == 0:
print("Even")
else:
print("Odd")
even_or_odd(7) # Output: Odd
even_or_odd(8) # Output: Even
7. Return the Maximum of Three Numbers
def maximum(a, b, c):
return max(a, b, c)
print(maximum(10, 25, 15)) # Output: 25
8. Print Multiplication Table of a Number
def multiplication_table(n):
for i in range(1, 11):
print(f"{n} x {i} = {n * i}")
multiplication_table(3)
# Output:
# 3 x 1 = 3
# 3 x 2 = 6
# ...
# 3 x 10 = 30
9. Calculate Area of a Circle
import math
def area_of_circle(r):
return [Link] * r * r
print(area_of_circle(5)) # Output: 78.53981633974483
10. Return the Number of Vowels in a String
def count_vowels(s):
vowels = 'aeiouAEIOU'
count = 0
for char in s:
if char in vowels:
count += 1
return count
# Example input and output
input_string = "Hello World"
print("Number of vowels:", count_vowels(input_string))
# Output: Number of vowels: 3
11. Greet User with Default Name "Guest"
def greet_user(name="Guest"):
print(f"Hello, {name}!")
greet_user("Alice") # Output: Hello, Alice!
greet_user() # Output: Hello, Guest!
12. Function with 2 Default Arguments (All Call Variants)
def show_info(name="Unknown", age=0):
print(f"Name: {name}, Age: {age}")
show_info("John", 25) # Positional
show_info("John") # One positional, one default
show_info() # Both default
show_info(age=30) # Keyword for age only
show_info(name="Lily") # Keyword for name only
13. Function Using Keyword Arguments
def display_info(name, age):
print(f"Name: {name}, Age: {age}")
display_info(name="David", age=22)
# Output: Name: David, Age: 22
14. Function power(base, exponent=2)
def power(base, exponent=2):
return base ** exponent
print(power(4)) # Output: 16 (4^2)
print(power(2, 3)) # Output: 8 (2^3)
15. Print String n Times (Default n=3)
def repeat_string(s, n=3):
for _ in range(n):
print(s)
repeat_string("Python") # Output: Python printed 3 times
repeat_string("Code", 2) # Output: Code printed 2 times
16. Print Student Details using Keyword Arguments
def student_details(**kwargs):
for key, value in [Link]():
print(f"{key}: {value}")
student_details(name="Arjun", roll=101, grade="A")
# Output:
# name: Arjun
# roll: 101
# grade: A
17. Function with Three Parameters, Using Keywords
def describe_pet(name, type, age):
print(f"{name} is a {type} aged {age} years.")
describe_pet(type="Dog", name="Bruno", age=4)
# Output: Bruno is a Dog aged 4 years.
18. Simple Interest with Default Rate = 5%
def simple_interest(principal, time, rate=5):
return (principal * time * rate) / 100
print(simple_interest(1000, 2)) # Output: 100.0
print(simple_interest(1000, 2, 3)) # Output: 60.0
19. Keyword vs Positional Arguments
def order(item, quantity):
print(f"Item: {item}, Quantity: {quantity}")
order("Pen", 3) # Positional
order(quantity=5, item="Book") # Keyword
20. Reverse String with Optional Delimiter
def reverse_string(s, delimiter=None):
if delimiter:
parts = [Link](delimiter)
reversed_parts = parts[::-1]
return [Link](reversed_parts)
else:
return s[::-1]
print(reverse_string("Hello"))
# Output: olleH
print(reverse_string("apple,banana,grape", ","))
# Output: grape,banana,apple
21. Return Both Sum and Difference
def sum_and_diff(a, b):
return a + b, a - b
print(sum_and_diff(10, 4)) # Output: (14, 6)
22. Return Largest and Smallest from List
def find_min_max(lst):
return min(lst), max(lst)
print(find_min_max([3, 8, 1, 9])) # Output: (1, 9)
23. Prime Number Checker
def is_prime(n):
if n <= 1:
return False
for i in range(2, int(n**0.5)+1):
if n % i == 0:
return False
return True
print(is_prime(7)) # Output: True
print(is_prime(10)) # Output: False
24. Average of a List
def average(lst):
return sum(lst) / len(lst)
print(average([2, 4, 6])) # Output: 4.0
25. Count Digits and Alphabets
def count_chars(s):
digits = sum([Link]() for c in s)
alphabets = sum([Link]() for c in s)
return digits, alphabets
print(count_chars("abc123")) # Output: (3, 3)
26. Length of Longest Word
def longest_word_len(sentence):
words = [Link]()
return len(max(words, key=len))
print(longest_word_len("I love programming in Python")) #
Output: 11
27. Count Even and Odd Numbers
def count_even_odd(lst):
even = sum(1 for x in lst if x % 2 == 0)
odd = len(lst) - even
return even, odd
print(count_even_odd([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])) # Output: (2, 3)
28. Count Words in a Sentence
def word_count(sentence):
return len([Link]())
print(word_count("Python is awesome")) # Output: 3
29. Celsius to Fahrenheit
def celsius_to_fahrenheit(c):
return (c * 9/5) + 32
print(celsius_to_fahrenheit(0)) # Output: 32.0
print(celsius_to_fahrenheit(100)) # Output: 212.0
30. Sum of Squares of First n Natural Numbers
def sum_of_squares(n):
return sum(i*i for i in range(1, n+1))
print(sum_of_squares(3)) # Output: 14 (1^2 + 2^2 + 3^2)
31. Sum of *args
def total_sum(*args):
return sum(args)
print(total_sum(1, 2, 3, 4)) # Output: 10
32. Print Each String from *args
def print_strings(*args):
for s in args:
print(s)
print_strings("Hello", "World", "Python")
33. Print Employee Details (**kwargs)
def employee_details(**kwargs):
for k, v in [Link]():
print(f"{k}: {v}")
employee_details(name="Sam", id=101, dept="IT")
34. Max Among *args
def max_in_args(*args):
return max(args)
print(max_in_args(5, 2, 10, 7)) # Output: 10
35. Print Key-Value Pairs from **kwargs
def print_kwargs(**kwargs):
for k, v in [Link]():
print(f"{k} = {v}")
print_kwargs(a=1, b=2)
36. Multiply All Numbers in *args
def multiply_all(*args):
result = 1
for num in args:
result *= num
return result
print(multiply_all(2, 3, 4)) # Output: 24
37. Total Marks from **kwargs
def total_marks(**kwargs):
return sum([Link]())
print(total_marks(math=90, sci=85, eng=88))
# Output: 263
38. Separate Even/Odd from *args
def separate_even_odd(*args):
even = [x for x in args if x % 2 == 0]
odd = [x for x in args if x % 2 != 0]
return even, odd
print(separate_even_odd(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)) # Output: ([2, 4],
[1, 3, 5])
39. Check if status in **kwargs
def check_status(**kwargs):
return "status" in kwargs
print(check_status(name="Alex", status="Active")) # Output:
True
print(check_status(user="Tom")) # Output:
False
40. Count of args and kwargs
def count_args_kwargs(*args, **kwargs):
return len(args), len(kwargs)
print(count_args_kwargs(1, 2, a=3, b=4)) # Output: (2, 2)
41. Modify Global Variable
count = 0
def increment():
global count
count += 1
increment()
print(count) # Output: 1
42. Nested Function: Add then Square
def outer(a, b):
def inner(x, y):
return x + y
return inner(a, b) ** 2
print(outer(2, 3)) # Output: 25
43. Function Inside Function
def outer():
def inner():
print("Inner function called")
inner()
outer()
44. Lambda to Square a Number
square = lambda x: x ** 2
print(square(5)) # Output: 25
45. map() with Lambda for °C to °F
temps = [0, 10, 20, 30]
f_temps = list(map(lambda c: (c * 9/5) + 32, temps))
print(f_temps) # Output: [32.0, 50.0, 68.0, 86.0]
46. filter() with Lambda to Keep Evens
nums = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
evens = list(filter(lambda x: x % 2 == 0, nums))
print(evens) # Output: [2, 4]
47. reduce() to Find Product
from functools import reduce
nums = [1, 2, 3, 4]
product = reduce(lambda x, y: x * y, nums)
print(product) # Output: 24
48. Recursive Sum of First n Numbers
def recursive_sum(n):
if n == 0:
return 0
return n + recursive_sum(n - 1)
print(recursive_sum(5)) # Output: 15
49. Recursive String Reversal
def reverse_string(s):
if len(s) == 0:
return ""
return reverse_string(s[1:]) + s[0]
print(reverse_string("hello")) # Output: olleh
50. nonlocal Keyword Demonstration
def outer():
x = 5
def inner():
nonlocal x
x += 1
print("Inner x:", x)
inner()
print("Outer x:", x)
outer()
# Output:
# Inner x: 6
# Outer x: 6
