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Class10 Math Formulas

The document is a compilation of essential mathematics formulas for Class 10, covering various chapters including Real Numbers, Polynomials, and Quadratic Equations. It provides key concepts such as Euclid’s Division Lemma, the quadratic formula, and the Pythagorean theorem, along with formulas for areas, volumes, and statistics. Each chapter includes fundamental equations and methods for solving mathematical problems.

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443 views3 pages

Class10 Math Formulas

The document is a compilation of essential mathematics formulas for Class 10, covering various chapters including Real Numbers, Polynomials, and Quadratic Equations. It provides key concepts such as Euclid’s Division Lemma, the quadratic formula, and the Pythagorean theorem, along with formulas for areas, volumes, and statistics. Each chapter includes fundamental equations and methods for solving mathematical problems.

Uploaded by

ayushksingh8787
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Class 10 Maths Formulas PDF

Chapter 1: Real Numbers

• Euclid’s Division Lemma: a = bq + r, where 0 ≤ r < b


• HCF × LCM = Product of two numbers

Chapter 2: Polynomials

• If ax^2 + bx + c = 0 then:
• Sum of roots = -b/a
• Product of roots = c/a
• Division Algorithm: p(x) = q(x) * g(x) + r(x)

Chapter 3: Pair of Linear Equations

• General form: ax + by + c = 0
• Methods to solve:
• Substitution
• Elimination
• Cross-multiplication

Chapter 4: Quadratic Equations

• Standard form: ax^2 + bx + c = 0


• Roots formula: x = [-b ± sqrt(b^2 - 4ac)] / 2a
• Discriminant (D) = b^2 - 4ac

Chapter 5: Arithmetic Progression (AP)

• n-th term: a_n = a + (n - 1)d


• Sum of n terms: S_n = (n/2)[2a + (n - 1)d]

Chapter 6: Triangles

• Basic Proportionality Theorem (Thales): If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle intersecting
the other two sides, it divides them in the same ratio.
• Pythagoras Theorem: In right triangle, (hypotenuse)^2 = (base)^2 + (height)^2
• Area similarity: Ratio of areas = (Ratio of sides)^2

Chapter 7: Coordinate Geometry

• Distance formula: d = sqrt[(x2 - x1)^2 + (y2 - y1)^2]


• Midpoint formula: M = [(x1 + x2)/2 , (y1 + y2)/2]
• Section formula: [(mx2 + nx1)/(m+n), (my2 + ny1)/(m+n)]

1
Chapter 8: Introduction to Trigonometry

• sinθ = Perpendicular / Hypotenuse


• cosθ = Base / Hypotenuse
• tanθ = Perpendicular / Base
• Identity: sin^2θ + cos^2θ = 1

Chapter 9: Some Applications of Trigonometry

• Height and distance problems using trigonometric ratios

Chapter 10: Circles

• Tangent is perpendicular to the radius


• Length of tangents from an external point are equal

Chapter 11: Constructions

• Division of line segments


• Construction of tangents to a circle

Chapter 12: Areas Related to Circles

• Area of circle = πr^2


• Circumference = 2πr
• Area of sector = (θ/360) × πr^2
• Length of arc = (θ/360) × 2πr

Chapter 13: Surface Areas and Volumes

• Cylinder:
• TSA = 2πr(h + r)
• Volume = πr^2h
• Cone:
• TSA = πr(l + r)
• Volume = (1/3)πr^2h
• Sphere:
• TSA = 4πr^2
• Volume = (4/3)πr^3
• Hemisphere:
• TSA = 3πr^2
• Volume = (2/3)πr^3

Chapter 14: Statistics

• Mean (direct method): ∑f_i x_i / ∑f_i


• Median and mode formulas (for grouped data)

2
Chapter 15: Probability

• Probability = (Number of favorable outcomes) / (Total outcomes)

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