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The document contains various questions and answers related to resources and their classification, including renewable and non-renewable resources, conservation principles, and the importance of sustainable development. It discusses the characteristics of different ecosystems, the impact of human activities on land and resources, and the need for resource conservation. Additionally, it highlights the significance of natural vegetation and wildlife in maintaining ecological balance.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
31 views21 pagesGeography Class 8
The document contains various questions and answers related to resources and their classification, including renewable and non-renewable resources, conservation principles, and the importance of sustainable development. It discusses the characteristics of different ecosystems, the impact of human activities on land and resources, and the need for resource conservation. Additionally, it highlights the significance of natural vegetation and wildlife in maintaining ecological balance.
Uploaded by
ashaamar855Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE
Multiple Choice Questions
A. Choose the correct option:
1. (b} Ubiquitous
4. (a) Exhaustible
B. Fillin the blanks:
1
4. renewable
C. Match the following:
1.Coal
Actual 2. value and utility
5. exhaustibleand inexhaust
Non-renewableresource
2. Tidaleneray i) Renewable resource
3. Livestock
4. Buildings
D. Distinguish between:
(ai) Bioticresource
Human made resources
3. (a) renewable resources
3, Potential
ble
1 ‘Renewable Resources Non-renewable Resources
(a) | They canbe renewed or replaced, They occur over a very long geological period of time.
(b) | They can be used over the years. They get exhausted when used once and cannot be used again
fe) | Tosvate abundant avaiable They are available in limited quantity
©) | Fg: Solar, wind, geothermal enersy Eg.: Coal, petroleumand natural gas
2 ‘Natural Resources Human Resources
(a) | Natural resources are those that have been provided by| It includes various elements of human population
natureand can be used without altering, like quality and quantity of people. Quality includes
Eg.:Air, soil land, forests, waterand minerals education, health and skills and quantity includes
density and distribution of population.
Eg.:All kinds of human beings.
(b) [Natwalresources ware crated by nature, net by humans] Human esoucesmerepraducedor alfeced by humans
3 Biotic Resources Abiotic Resources
(a) | Biotic means living things. Abiotic means non-living things
(b) | Biot resources contain arganic matterandhavelife. | Resources which are nomliving in nature are called
g.: Animals, plants, fisheries, livestock, etc. abiotic resources.
g.:Land, soil, water, minerals, ete
A Social Science - vilfanswer Key): Resources and Development FF E. Answer the following questions in brief,
1. On the basisof durability, resources are classified as:
(@) Exhaustible Resources: The resources which are exhaustible and non-renewable in nature are exhaustible resources
‘These resources got finished with usage. It fakes millions of years far them to regenerate. Foreg.: Coal, petroleum and
patural gas
(b) Inexhaustible Resources: These ate the resources which do not get exhausted over time even after continuous wage.
“Theseresources got renewed quickly. Foreg,: Wind energy, solar energy, tidal encray and geothermal enceny, ete
Principlesof resource conservation:
(a) Using resources judiciously and giving them timeto got renewed ie called Sesource conservation?
(b) Some of the important ways of resource conservation are—reduction of waste, reuse and recycling, reduction in
‘consumption, upgradation, substitution and restoration
() We buman beings should take care ofthe resources which are depleting at an alarming rate,
(@) It isthe responsibilty of ach and every person to protect resources,
3, Need for resource conservation:
Co) Ma elit ht i SSN Rg aS ee AA
es
(b) Dutt th elintion, concep of source lnningand conservation om int bing
ee
lation jllusaioes peal eco aes
Rist ce ers Eo pare dad i ei ia al
Somenftheciamplsofnatrl soiree, sol ind, ets water and mineral.
Resures are those spt for entrnment which can satiny our needa wan,
res leaeeutie veda elie
Tel pl eek np ii ii
Tbr iar mu eb peor ner nr mere we Ri AAAS
Eolader obs Telleishngsieed wale sime deers
10, Resource consration isthe proesofuingresources cre sotha! they could be enewed and contnsed to be wed
ane
1 RRS
feaor invention,
F, Answerthe following questionsin detail.
1. (a) Thesearethe resources which do not get exhausted overtime even after continuous usage
(b) Theseresources get renewed or replenished quick
(c) Eg: wind energy solar energy, tidal eneray and geothermal energy:
(@) Yot carsless and wasteful use of some of these renewable resources can affect both the quantity and quality oftheir
stocks. Eg. water
Sustainable development refers othe process of development wherein the quality of the environment is maintained and
the usage of resources for development in the present donot compromise with the needs of future generations.
Sustainable development is necessary as it maintains a balance between the resources wsage and conservation which is
cssential forthe survival of man on the Earth,
3. Various types of resources are explained below:
(2) On the basis of Content:
‘Natural esources- Resources that are drawn from naturesand used without modification are called natural resources
For example: ai, sil, and, te
Human resaurces- Theseresource includes various elementsof human population ike qualityand quantity of pope,
(Quality includes education, health and skills and quantity includes density and distribution of population,
(b) On the basis of Exhaustbility and Durability:
Exhaustibleor Non- renewable resources- These resourcesare finished with usage and their renewalis not possibleat
human time scale. It takes millions of years for themto regenerate. For example: coal, petroleum
Inexhaustibleor Renewable resources
{(€) On the basis of Distribution:
Ubiquitous resource: ‘These are the resources which are found everywhere. Fer example: the air we breathe, wind
energy, solar eneray, ete
Localised resource- These are the resources which are found only in selectedareas, For example iron, copper, tn, ete
Lisi
Social Science - Vill (Answer Key} Resources and Development — (@) On the basis of Development and Use:
Actual resources- These are the resources which are surveyed, and their quality and quantity are known. Farexample,
(Coal deposits of Dhanbad, Jharkhand, etc
Potential resources-Potental resources are resources which exit in a region and which can be used inthe Future, For
example: Uranium foundin Ladakh
(6) On the basis of Origin:
Biotic resources- Biotic resources ar living components of the environment, such a flora and fauna,
Abiotic resources- Abiotic resources, in contrast are non-living elements like minerals, ir, wate, and sunlight that
ae crucial frlife and human activities.
4, Basedon theavailablty are two types of natural resources:
Renewable: resources that are available in infinite quantity and can be used repeatedly are called renewable resources,
Example: Forest, wind, water, ete
Non-Renewabk resources that are limited in abundance whose availability may run out in the future are called non.
renewable resources. Examples include fossil fuels, mineral, et.
Actual resources are the resources which are surveyed, and their quality and quantity are known, For example; Coal
deposits of Dhanbad, Jharkhand, windmillson the Gujarat coast. ct.
6, Potential resources are resources which exist in a region and which ean beused in thefuture. For example: Uranium found
inLadakh,
Biotic resources-Bioti resources are living componentsof the enviconmant, such as flora and fauna,
Abiotic resources- Abiotic resources, in contrast, are non-living elements like minerals, air, water, and sunlight that are
eucial for life and human activities
§, The resources on the basis of stock are
a. Renewable: resources that are available in infinite quantity and can be used repeatedly are called renewable resources.
Example: Forest, wind, water, etc
b, Non-Renewable: resources that are limited in abundance due to their non-renewable nature and whose availability
‘mayan out in the future arecalled non-renewable resources. Examples include fossil fuels, minerals, ec
9, Some principles of sustainable developmentare:
a. Respect and care forall forms of life
b, Improvethe quality of human life
. Conserve the carth’s vitality and diversity
4. Minimise the depletion of natural resources
©. Change personal attitude and practices towards the environment
£. Enable communities to care for their own environment.
10, Four examples of man-made environment are: Buildings, Parks, Industries, Bridges
a. Buildings:"Thesecurated spaces provide the setting for human activity and were created to fulfill human desires and
needs,
b, Parks: isan area of natural, semi-natural or planted space set asicle for human enjoyment and recreation of for the
protection of wildlife or natural habitats
«Industries: isa man-made function developed specifically to maximise the value of raw materials
4. Bridges: are widely used to cross rivers valleys, and roads, providinga passage with other parts ofthe land.
11, Natural environment isa type of an environment where human impact or interaction has been extremely limited. A.
natural environment encompasses all iving and non-living things occurring naturally
“The four min domainsof the earth are Lithosphere, atmosphere, bydrosphere, and biosphere,
Social Science - vilfanswer Key): Resources and Development 5 QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE
Multiple Choice Questions
A. Choose the correct option:
1. (a) Afforestation 2. (b) Intercropping 3.fc) Deserts
4. (b) Soil 5. (c)Shifting cultivation
B.Fillinthe blanks:
1. soilerosion, 2. overgrazing 3. Biosphere
4 tiger 5. vanamahotsava
C. Mate the following:
Ecosystem (@) Biosphere
2. Areasfor protectinganimals (e) Wildlife Sanctuaries
3. Citizen groups ib) Navdanya
4. Planting trees i) Afforestation
5, Camel () Deserts
D. Complete the following chart using arrows.
5 scia Science - vill lanswer Key}: Resources and Development — E, Distinguish between the following:
Planting of tees on a large scale is called | Cutting down of tres in forests on a large scale
‘Afforestation leads to sol erosion, asa result of destruction of|
vegetation,
With afforestation, roots of trees and plants hold | Deforestation causes sollerosion.
the soil very tightly and avoid soil erosion,
(a)
ib)
2
(a) | Degradation is any change in the land that reduces] Using resources judiciously and giving them time|
its congition or quality and hence its productive | to get renewed is called “resource conservation’.
potential
(b) [ Deforestation causes degradation,
(a) | Floraisthetermused todenoteplantsofa particular] The species of animals found in a particular
region isrefected as fauna.
Eg.: Tropical rain forests thorn forests and shrubs, | Eg-=Alltypesof animals, birds, insects ete,
E.Answerthe following questions in bret
1. Factors espoasiblefor the formation of sil ate:
(@) Parent Rock: The soil forming material is obtained by the weathering ofthe rocks, Parent rock determines colour,
texture, chemical propertics, mineral content and permeability ofc.
(b) Climate: Climateinclades rainfall, temperature andhumity controle type and effectiveness of weathering of
parent material typeof miceo-organisms present and quantity of wate seeping though si
(c) Natural Vegstation: Natural vegetation plays an important roe in soil formation and development. Organic mater
after decomposition i caled ‘humus’ It gts mined with ol, thereby increasing its fertility.
(d) Relief or Topography: Altitude and slope determines accumulation of sil Steep slopes encouragesoil erosion.
(€) Time: Time determines thicknes of wil profil
2. Land degradation is any change in the land that recess condition or quality and hence its productive potential. The
cxpansion of population and thei demands plus human activities have not only increased pressure on the available and
resources, but havebrought about degradation oflandas well Conservation of degraded land can becone inthe following
says: (Ang fit points)
(a) Afforestation,
(b) Regulating use of chemicals, pesticides and ferti
{c) Land reclamation and clearing of wattloggedlands
(4) Check upon overgrazing
() Control of mining activities
(f) Proper discharge and disposal of industrial eluents and wastesafter treatment
(f) Checking urbsn expansionon agricultural land.
(fs) Planting of shelter belts of plants
(@) Stablising sand dunes by growing thorny bushes.
3. Land isa natural resource of utmost importance [ts limited in size. Itcovers about 30 per ent of the total area ofthe
Earti’scurface It supportsnatural vegetation and wildlife. Our econamicactvites are performed on land
4, Land is used for a variety of purposes say for agriculture, sting up of industries, building houses, airports, shopping
tall, mining, fret, construction of roads, always offices, etc. This termed a ‘land wi’
5, Theland whichis owned by individuals iscalled private land,
6, Community lands owned by community ara whole, for say collection of fociders, medicinal herbs, grazing of cattle, ce
for vocal and rlgioas engagements. These community lands are also known as ‘common property resources
scinScience - Vil lAnsiwer Key): Resources and DEVEL ert ——— 7 — (a) | Large scale clearing of trees from forests to facibtate| Planting of trees on a large scale to increase forest
‘human beingss called deforestation. cover called afforestation
(b) [Te eads to soll erosion as trees Bold the soll femly._| Kepeevents the soll croston
{€) | Tt rads to unhealthier environment wad increase in| It leads to healthier cavironment and increase in|
harmful gases oxygen content,
8. Today; land depradation has become auniversal problem. Itneeds tobe checked osvan urgent bass because this important
natural resource would otherwise get lost. Amang the many ways wed to solve the problem of land degradation and
‘conserve land, here area few:
(a) Afforestation,
¢b) Regulating use of chemicals, pesticides and fertilisers.
(c) Land reclamation and clearing of waterlogged lands
4a) Check upon overgrazing,
(¢) Contre of mining activities,
(0) Proper discharge and disposal of industrial effluents and wastes after treatment
(g} Checking urban expansion on good quality agricultural land.
¢h) Planting af shelter belts plants,
(i) Stabilsing sand dunes by growing thorny bushes.
9."The movement ofa large mass of rock, debris, or earth down toa slepe ducto earthquakes, foods, volcanoes.ct, isknown
as landslide
10, Soil is athin surfacelayer covering the earth's surface and is formed from the weathering of rocks
11, Weathering refer tothe breaking up and dacay of exposed rocks.
12, The removal of top layer of soil due towater and wind iscalled soil eexion
13. The physical, chemical and biological deterioration of soil quality isknown assoil degradation
14, Weuse water for drinking, bathing, relaxing fishing, kesping cool, ooking food ancl irrigating fields. Most ofthe ancient
sivilisaton flourished and developed along the rive valley. Thus, waters an essential renewable resource for life oncarth.
15, Natural vegetation is an assemblage of plant species living in association with each other in a given environmental
‘framework. Vegetation includestrees, shrubs, plants and grasses,
16, Wildlife includes animal species, birds, reptiles, insects as well as marine forms of life. They are essential and an integral
‘part ofthe ecosystem,
17, Various typesof natural vegetation are:
(a) “Tropical Evergreen Rain Forests (b) Deciduous of Monsoon Type of Fetes
(©) Dry Deciduous Forests fa) Mountain Forests.
{¢) Tidal or Mangrave Forests (0 Semi-Desert and Desert Vegetation
18, Inthe biagphere, living forms (biotic) ate interdependent and interact with exch other and the physical envirenment
abiotic) This delicate network of inter relationship and life supporting system is known asthe “ecosystem
19, Collecting, storing and filtering ofainwater in tanks, reservats, etc. for various purposes is called rainwater harvesting
20. The interaction between land, water and air (three realms of the Easth) gives birth to the realm of life or ‘biosphere’
‘Natural vegetation and wildlife exis in this zone, we call this ‘biosphere’.
21. There ix scarcity of water in many regions of the world. Most of Africa, West Asia, South Asia, parts of western USA,
nnarth-west Mexico, partsof South America andentice Australia are facing shortages in fresh water supply
G. Answer the following questions in detail,
1. Characteristics forest ecosystem:
(a) Forests are theassociation of plants, predominantly trees over lange areas.
(b) They are associated with areas having abundant water supply
{¢) They are lraadly classified as ‘evergreen’ and 'decihuous’ forests depending on when they shed their leaves
Xd) Forest ecosystem accupies an smportant place in terms of beadiversity,
Problemsthat ecosystems facing
(2) Deforestation.
eT)
Social Science - VililAnswer Key Resources and evelopment — (b) Large scale development programme
(6) Mining activites.
(a) Haphazard construction work.
(c) Reckless expansion of agriculture, at the cost of forests and grasslands.
(f) Commercial and seintiic forestry.
(g) Habitat destruction.
(¢b) Hunting and poaching of birds and animals for hides, skins, nails, feathers ccth, ete
@) Environmental pollution due to chemical and industrial waste
@) Forest fires.
2. (a) Water pollution means contamination of water due toany external material which makes it unsuitable for use
(b) For water pollution, human beings are mainly responsible
(c) Itis polluted by domesticand industrial wastes.
(a) Untreated sewage water, chemicals particles and fertilisers in agriculture leads to water pollution,
{¢) Most ofthe pollutants ate non-biodegradable, makingit hazardous for human use
3. Biodiversity js the variety of floraand faunain anarea_ India hasneary eight per cent of the total number of species inthe
world. Indiais one of the seventcen mega diverse countries which possess about 70 per centof the world'sdiversity.
Necd of Biodiversity
(2) Biomass: Forests are the greatest reserve of biomass (living material) on Earth. Food-
