Worksheet: 4

Subject: History | Class: 10 | Chapter: Nationalism in Europe

Total Questions: 50 |

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. What was the main aim of the French Revolutionaries?

a) Establishing democracy b) Creating a monarchy

c) Expanding the French Empire d) Promoting regionalism

2. The term ‘nation-state’ refers to:

a) A state with multiple rulers

b) A state where people share a common culture, language, and history

c) A state ruled by a single monarch

d) A state with multiple ethnic groups

3. Which of the following symbols became an important part of nationalism in France?

a) Red cap b) Tricolor flag c) Liberty slogan d) All of the above

4. Who was the chief architect of German unification?

a) Napoleon b) Otto von Bismarck c) Giuseppe Mazzini d) Louis Philippe

5. The Vienna Congress (1815) aimed to:

a) Promote democracy in Europe b) Restore conservative monarchies

c) Establish socialist government d) Support Napoleon’s rule

6. Which country was considered the ‘cradle of European nationalism’?

a) Germany b) France c) Italy d) Britain

7. Who founded Young Italy to promote Italian unification?

a) Otto von Bismarck b) Giuseppe Mazzini c) Napoleon Bonaparte

8. The Romantic Movement in nationalism focused on:

a) Politics b) Economy c) Culture and emotions d) Military strategies

9. What was the main idea behind the Frankfurt Parliament (1848)?

a) Establishing a united Germany under a constitutional monarchy

b) Expanding the Austrian Empire

c) Spreading communism

d) Promoting French rule in Germany

10. Which treaty ended Napoleon’s rule in 1815?

a) Treaty of Versailles b) Treaty of Vienna

c) Treaty of Frankfurt d) Treaty of Paris

11. Which of the following was NOT a consequence of the Napoleonic Wars?

a) Rise of nationalism b) Spread of revolutionary ideas

c) Strengthening of absolute monarchies d) Decline of feudalism

12. Which region was known as the ‘powder keg of Europe’ due to nationalist movements?

a) Balkans b) Italy c) Germany d) France

13. The unification of Italy was completed in:

a) 1848 b) 1861 c) 1871 d) 1890

14. Who led the Red Shirts in Italy’s unification?

a) Mazzini b) Garibaldi c) Cavour d) Victor Emmanuel II

15. The German Empire was proclaimed in:

a) 1848 b) 1866 c) 1871 d) 1890

16. What role did Bismarck play in German unification?

a) Diplomatic negotiations b) Military warfare c) Economic reforms d) Both a and b

17. Who said, “Germany must be unified through blood and iron”?
a) Napoleon b) Bismarck c) Mazzini d) Metternich

18. Which country dominated the German Confederation before unification?

a) France b) Prussia c) Austria d) Britain

19. Which event in 1830 inspired nationalist movements across Europe?

a) Industrial Revolution b) French Revolution c) July Revolution

d) Treaty of Vienna

20. The Greek War of Independence was fought against:

a) France b) Austria c) Ottoman Empire d) Russia

21. The Revolutions of 1848 in Europe were primarily led by:

a) Monarchs b) Nobles c) Middle class and workers d) Army officials

22. What was the role of Zollverein in German unification?

a) Military alliance b) Economic union c) Political federation

d) Religious movement

23. Which European empire was multi-ethnic and difficult to govern?

a) British Empire b) French Empire c) Austrian Empire d) Prussian Empire

24. Which of the following did NOT contribute to Italian unification?

a) Economic development b) Role of secret societies

c) French support d) British colonial rule

25. Which Italian leader worked with Bismarck to unify Italy?

a) Garibaldi b) Cavour c) Mazzini d) Victor Emmanuel II

26. The Metternich System was aimed at:

b) Strengthening the conservative order

c) Promoting democratic governments

d) Expanding French influence

27. Which treaty officially recognized Greek independence?

a) Treaty of Versailles b) Treaty of Constantinople

c) Treaty of Vienna d) Treaty of Frankfurt

28. In the Frankfurt Parliament (1848), why was the offer of the German crown rejected?

a) The assembly was dominated by radicals

b) The Prussian king refused to accept a ‘crown from the gutter’

c) France opposed German unification

d) The Austrian Empire threatened war

29. The concept of "United States of Europe" was first suggested by:

a) Napoleon Bonaparte b) Victor Hugo

c) Giuseppe Mazzini d) Otto von Bismarck

30. The Carlsbad Decrees (1819) were issued to:

a) Suppress revolutionary activities in German states

b) Promote economic liberalization in Europe

c) Establish a common European army

d) Expand Prussian military influence

31. Which ideology was opposed to conservatism in early 19th-century Europe?

a) Socialism b) Liberalism c) Communism d) Capitalism

32. Which empire suffered the most due to nationalist uprisings in the Balkans?

a) British Empire b) Ottoman Empire c) Russian Empire d) Prussian Empire

33. The Revolutions of 1848 failed mainly because:

c) Economic recession d) External invasions

34. Which event led to Prussia emerging as the leader of German unification?

a) The Napoleonic Wars b) The Austro-Prussian War (1866)

c) The Congress of Vienna (1815) d) The Treaty of Frankfurt

35. The unification of Italy was delayed because:

a) There was no strong national leader

b) Foreign powers like Austria controlled Italian territories

c) Economic development was slow

d) Italy was divided into many small republics

36. The Three Wars of German Unification were fought against:

a) France, Italy, Russia b) Denmark, Austria, France

c) Britain, Russia, Spain d) Austria, Prussia, France

37. The phrase “When France sneezes, the rest of Europe catches a cold” was said by:

a) Otto von Bismarck b) Metternich c) Giuseppe Mazzini d) Karl Marx

38. What was the significance of the Battle of Sedan (1870) in European history?

a) It led to Napoleon III’s defeat and German unification

b) It strengthened the Austrian Empire

c) It marked the end of British colonial expansion

d) It was the first battle fought using tanks

39. Which of the following revolts was a direct result of nationalist aspirations?

a) American Revolution b) Russian Revolution

c) Polish Uprising (1830) d) Boxer Rebellion

40. The major challenge in forming a nation-state in Europe was:

c) Dominance of monarchy d) Religious conflicts

41. What was the impact of Napoleon’s rule on nationalism in Europe?

a) It suppressed nationalist movements b) It spread the ideas of liberty and self-rule

c) It strengthened feudalism d) It led to the decline of the French Empire

42. The Austro-Prussian War (1866) was fought over control of:

a) Alsace-Lorraine b) The German Confederation

c) The Ottoman Empire d) The Franco-Prussian border

43. The French Revolution (1789) inspired nationalism in Europe by:

a) Introducing monarchies in different states

b) Promoting the idea of the "sovereignty of the people"

c) Strengthening feudalism

d) Spreading the power of aristocrats

44. Who among the following believed in a unified and republican Italy?

a) Napoleon III b) Giuseppe Mazzini

c) Victor Emmanuel II d) Otto von Bismarck

45. Which war marked the final stage of German unification?

a) The Austro-Prussian War b) The Danish War

c) The Franco-Prussian War d) The Seven Years' War

46. What was the main objective of the Congress of Vienna (1815)?

a) To restore conservative monarchies b) To promote democratic reforms

c) To establish a socialist economy d) To strengthen Napoleonic rule

47. Which group in 19th-century Europe benefited most from nationalism?

a) The peasantry b) The clergy c) The middle class (bourgeoisie) d) The nobility

48. The "Blood and Iron" policy was based on:

c) Economic reforms d) Religious unity

49. The Balkan Crisis before World War I was caused mainly by:

a) Rivalry between Austria and Russia b) Economic depression

c) The fall of the Ottoman Empire d) The decline of French influence

50. The major impact of nationalist movements in Europe was:

a) The rise of conservative monarchies b) The decline of industrialization

c) The emergence of new nation-states d) The restoration of feudalism