📚 WEEK 13 LESSON PLAN – Applied Economics (2.
5 Hours)
Grade Level: Grade 12 – ABM
Subject: Applied Economics
Week: 13
Topic: Poverty and Economic Inequality
Time Allotment: 2.5 hours
Mode: Lecture-discussion, multimedia presentation, case analysis
🎯 Learning Objectives
By the end of the session, students should be able to:
1. Define poverty and economic inequality.
2. Explain the causes and effects of poverty and inequality in the
Philippines.
3. Interpret key economic indicators related to poverty (e.g.,
poverty incidence, income gap).
4. Evaluate government programs and economic policies
designed to reduce poverty and inequality.
5. Propose student-led or community-based initiatives to support
inclusive development.
🧠 Lesson Flow
⏰ Part 1: Motivation (15 minutes)
Activity: “Step Forward If…”
Ask students to stand in a line. Read statements like:
"Step forward if your family has access to clean water."
"Step forward if you’ve ever gone to bed hungry."
After 5–7 prompts, discuss:
How did that activity make you feel?
What does it show about economic inequality?
📌 Transition: Not everyone experiences the economy equally. Let’s
find out why.
⏰ Part 2: Lecture & Discussion (45–50 minutes)
🔹 A. Definitions
Poverty – Lack of income or access to basic needs and services
Inequality – Uneven distribution of income, wealth, or
opportunities
🔹 B. Causes of Poverty and Inequality
Unemployment or underemployment
Low educational attainment
Unequal access to services (healthcare, education)
Corruption and weak institutions
Geographical disadvantages (rural vs. urban)
🔹 C. Key Indicators
Indicator Definition
Poverty Incidence % of population living below poverty line
Measures income inequality (0 = equal, 1
Gini Coefficient
= unequal)
Average shortfall from the poverty
Income Gap
threshold
Human Development Composite of income, education, and life
Index expectancy
📊 Use latest PSA data or a simplified chart to support visual
learning.
🔹 D. Effects on Society
Cycle of poverty
Limited economic mobility
Social unrest
Poor public health and education outcomes
Brain drain and migration
🔹 E. Philippine Government Strategies
Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps)
KALAHI-CIDSS – community-driven development
Free basic education and PhilHealth expansion
MSME support and job creation programs
📌 Discuss: Are these programs effective? Why or why not?
⏰ Part 3: Case Study Activity – “Breaking the Cycle” (35 minutes)
Instructions:
Students are grouped and assigned fictional Filipino families
with different challenges: e.g., rural farmer, urban poor, out-of-
school youth, single mother.
Each group must:
o Identify the barriers to economic mobility
o Suggest government and community interventions
o Propose how the family could rise above poverty within 5
years
📣 Groups present brief action plans (2 minutes each)
⏰ Part 4: Synthesis & Reflection (15 minutes)
Guide Questions:
Why is it important to reduce economic inequality?
What role can students play in promoting inclusive
development?
How does poverty affect economic growth?
📌 Reinforce: Reducing poverty is not just charity—it’s an investment
in national progress.
⏰ Part 5: Short Quiz / Exit Pass (15 minutes)
Sample Questions:
1. Define poverty.
2. What is the Gini coefficient used for?
3. Give one cause of economic inequality.
4. Name a government program that reduces poverty.
5. Briefly explain one way to support inclusive growth in your
community.
📘 Materials Needed
Visual chart of poverty and inequality indicators
Group case templates
Quiz or reflection sheets
Projector (for images/video)
