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Tutorial 5

The document outlines a tutorial for a Fluid Mechanics and Rate Processes course, featuring six problems related to fluid dynamics, including siphon operation, vapor cavity formation, flow rates from pipes, and pump calculations. Each problem requires the application of Bernoulli's equation, continuity, and mechanical energy principles to derive specific fluid behavior and characteristics. The tutorial emphasizes theoretical understanding and practical application of fluid mechanics concepts.

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Suryansh Gaur
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38 views2 pages

Tutorial 5

The document outlines a tutorial for a Fluid Mechanics and Rate Processes course, featuring six problems related to fluid dynamics, including siphon operation, vapor cavity formation, flow rates from pipes, and pump calculations. Each problem requires the application of Bernoulli's equation, continuity, and mechanical energy principles to derive specific fluid behavior and characteristics. The tutorial emphasizes theoretical understanding and practical application of fluid mechanics concepts.

Uploaded by

Suryansh Gaur
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

ESO204(A) - Fluid Mechanics and Rate Processes

Summer 2025
Tutorial 5

Problem 1:
Once it has been started by sufficient suction, the siphon in the figure below will run continuously
as long as reservoir fluid is available. Using Bernoulli’s equation with no losses, show (a) that the
exit velocity V2 depends only on gravity and the distance H, and (b) that the lowest (vacuum)
pressure occurs at point 3 and depends on the distance L + H.

Problem 2:
If losses are neglected in the given figure, for what water level h will the flow begin to form vapor
cavities at the nozzle’s throat? Given that the vapor pressure of water at 30 ◦ C is 4242P a.

Problem 3:
Water flows at a uniform speed out of a round pipe vertically downward onto a horizontal flat plate
at a distance L = 10 cm below, as shown in the figure. The volumetric flow rate is Q = 100 cm3 s−1 ,
and the pipe area is A = 1 cm2 . The water spreads out smoothly over the plate so that at a
distance r from the flow axis, the radial velocity Vr (r) is uniform; i.e., independent of z. The
flow is axisymmetric so that the thickness of the water layer h(r) depends only upon r. Derive
expressions for Vr (r) and h(r), assuming that h << L and calculate their values at r = 10 cm.

1
Problem 4:
A pipe of diameter D is immersed to depth h1 in a stream flowing at velocity V1 as shown. Obtain
the flow rate Q̇ through the tube. Neglect friction.

Problem 5:
A centrifugal pump is used to draw water from a lake and pump it into a storage reservoir, as
shown in the figure. The elevation of pipe exit (4) is at a distance H = 10 m above the surface of
the lake. The pressure rise, p3 − p2 across the pump, is related to the flow velocity V in the pipe
by p3 − p2 = c1 − c2 V 2 , where c1 = 2 × 105 P a and c2 = 5 × 102 kg m−3 . Assuming steady inviscid
flow, calculate the pipe flow velocity V .

Problem 6:
Water flows uphill, as shown in the figure. Use the continuity and mechanical energy equations to
obtain the three solutions for h. Compute the x−force of water on the ramp, assuming hydrostatic
pressure distributions when h is the larger of the two feasible values. The outlet flow rate is
Q̇ = 0.75 m3 s−1 .

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