TERTIARY AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION COMMISSION
COMMON WRITTEN EXAMINATION
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NVQ Level 05 - Semester I
Construction Technology
HYDRAULICS – I F45C001M04 Three Hours
* Answer all questions
1.
a) Briefly explain the meaning of hydraulic system and its application in
construction industry. (02 marks)
b) Define the relationships of following terms in hydraulics.
i. Absolute pressure (02 marks)
ii. Gauge pressure (02 marks)
iii. Atmospheric pressure (02 marks)
c) Briefly describe below terms
i. Dam (02 marks)
ii. Weir (02 marks)
iii. Barrage (02 marks)
d) What you meant by the water cycle? (02 marks)
e) Find the specific weight, specific mass, specific volume and specific gravity
of a liquid having a volume of 6m3 and weight of 44 kN (04 marks)
2.
a) State the Pascal’s Law (02 marks)
b) “John” the auto mechanic was raised a 1200 kg car on her hydraulic lift so
that she can work underneath. If the area of the input piston is 12 cm 2 while
the output piston has an area of 700 cm 2. What force must be exerted on
the input piston to lift the car? (06 marks)
c) State that the Archimedes’ principle. (02 marks)
d) Describe the following terms with the help of suitable sketches;
a. Floating body,
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b. Suspended body,
c. Sinking body. (03 marks)
e) A man dives in to water and tries to lift a 170kg weighted granite rock
(ρ=2700kg/m3). Determine the force required to man lift the above rock
from thebottom of the lake. (07 marks)
3.
a) Explain the functions of Orifices & Weirs. (03 marks)
b) Write down the Bernoulli’s theorem for steady flow of an incompressible
fluid. (05 marks)
c) A water flow is flowing through a pipe having diameters 20cm and 15cm at
sections A and B respectively. The rate of flow through the pipe is𝟏𝟎 𝒍𝒔−𝟏 .
Find the pressure or section B if the section A and B are having in 6m and
3m above the datum line respectively and pressure at section A is
𝟐𝟗. 𝟒𝟑𝒙𝟏𝟎𝟒 𝑵𝒎−𝟐 . (12 marks)
4.
a) Explain or sketch the below terms;
i. Turbulent flow (01 marks)
ii. Laminar flow (01 marks)
iii. Steady flow (01 marks)
iv. Unsteady flow (01 marks)
b) State the Manning’s equation and denote each component.(04 marks)
c) Water is flowing through a 2m wide rectangular brick channel. Assume that
the n = 0.016 at a depth of 120cm and bed slope is 0.0012.
1
Estimate the flow rate by using the Manning’s equation. (v = 𝑛 𝑅 2 3 𝑆 1 2
)
(12 marks)
5.
a) State the Chezy’s formula and denote each component. (04 marks)
b) Find the discharge through a trapezoidal channel of width 8m and side slope
of 1 horizontal to 3 vertical.
Assume that the depth of water flow is 2.4m and value of Chezy’s constant is
c=50 and the slope of the channel is 1 in 4000.
(16 marks)
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