CHAPTER ONE

GENERAL INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Nowadays, automation plays a crucial role in all work places and living homes. Automation is a
technique of controlling a process by electronic devices with reducing human involvement. The
large diffusion of smart devices with embedded sensors and wireless interfaces have enabled the
rapid advancement of Internet of Things (IoT). The IoT plays a remarkable role in improving the
quality of life and growing the world’s economy. It facilitates global connectivity over the
world-wide physical objects (e.g., sensors, RFID, smartphones, vehicles, appliances) to serve
people in a collaborative manner automatically and intelligently. The vision for the IoT states
that various “things” are going to be connected and will be controlled across the Internet.
Application domains of IoT cover smart home, smart healthcare, smart grid, smart transportation,
smart city, industrial automation and surveillance. Among various IoT applications, the design of
Home Automation System has drawn great attentions from both academic and industrial because
it is more related to people’s lives (Devendra K. & Rajesh K. M., 2019).A Home Automation
can be defined in many ways. One definition is a home with an automated system that comprises
sensors and device controllers to provide a comfortable, intelligence and secure system to
improve the quality of life and control home appliances easily, in particular for elderly and
disabled people. Home automation may include centralized control of lighting, HVAC (heating,
ventilation and air conditioning), appliances, and other systems, to provide improved
convenience, comfort, energy efficiency and security. The concept of home automation has been
around for a long time and products have been on the market for decades, though no one solution
has broken through to the mainstream yet. Home automation for the elderly and disabled can
provide increased quality of life for persons who might otherwise require caregivers or
institutional care. It can also provide a remote interface to home appliances or the automation
systemitself, via telephone line, wireless transmission or the internet, to provide control and
monitoring via a smart phone or web [Link] automation must have compliance with all
the household standards and ease of use. This paper will describe the approach which we are
implementing to control various home appliances with Android smart phone (Dhakad K.
&Dhake T., 2016).

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1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

During the information stage main problem statements for current systems are as below:

a) A common property of successful inventions is the abilities to make life easier. For example
Washing Machine, making washing less burdensome.

b) Tragedies happen such as thefts especially late at night when the users are not at home. This is
because home does not provide any secure system.

1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The aim of this research work is centred on the research topic itself, which is to develop a
android-based application for Home Automation System using IoTwhich will be developed
using ionic framework and the objectives are as follows:

1. To help handicapped and old aged people to control home appliances and alert them in
critical situations.
2. To build a smart home device which can be used to control the home appliances via
internet.
3. To integrated a home automation system with almost all the home appliances and can be
used to control them remotely from any part of the world.
4. To do work effectively and timely manner

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The IOT based Home Automation will enable the user to use a Home Automation System based
on Internet of Things (IOT).The modern homes are automated through the internet and the home
appliances are [Link] is a typical IOT based Home Automation system, for controlling
all your home appliances. The smart home market is taking off as IOT device prices come down
and the general public comes to understand the benefits of these products. And from smart
homes, the next logical step is smart cities, which would take the IOT to the next level. And yet,
smart homes are just one small part of our daily lives that the Internet of Things will transform in
the coming years.

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1.5 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

The project focus mainly on the development of a Home Automation System using IOT. This
project does not go beyond this.

1.6 ORGANISATION OF THE REPORT

This is the overall organizational structure of the work as presented in this project write-up.

Chapter one of this project deals with the general introduction to the work in the project. It also
entails the statement of the problem, aim and objectives of the project, the significance of the
study, the scope and limitation of the study and organization of the report.

Chapter two deals with the review related journals and books, historical background ofthe study,
as well as computerization current state of the art.
Chapter three covers the methods used for data collection, description of the current procedure,
problems of existing system, description of the proposed system and the basic advantages of the
proposed web based application.

Chapter four entails design, implementation and documentation of the system. The design
involves the system design, output design form, input design form, database structure and the
procedure of the system. The implementation involves the implementation techniques used in
details, choice of programming language used and the hardware and software support. The
documentation of the system involves the operation of the system and the maintenance of the
system.

Chapter five deals with the summary, experience gained, conclusion, recommendations and
references.

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 CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Review of Related Works

Biradar, Dhage, Jamadar, Kasar and Javed(2020),present a journal article titled “Smart Home
Automation System” -Smart home automation system is a web based application that allows user
to monitor home appliances using mobile devices. This system established for the entire home
user after gaining access from administrator. This system includes remote control and monitoring
domestic appliances, security and energy management. Once all the appliances in home are
automated and connected it important to consider issue of security authentication and access
control.

Saurabh, Harjeet and Sangeeta(2023), presents a journal titled “Internet Of Things (IoT) Based
Home Automation System”,This paper purposes the study of Internet of Things (IoT) based
home automation system. Internet of things (IoT) based home automation system can be
controlled over mobile devices. This system can perform varied functions to be performed at
home. This allows accessibility over internet from any corner in the world. The main focus of
this project is to minimize the usage of electricity and reduce human [Link] Home
Automation system (HAS) incorporates various aspects of technologies such as wireless
networking, communication over [Link] data to be analyzed is stored onto the cloud. The
user can access multiple appliances over the internet as per their convenience. This is a low cost
system. This system can control multiple devices.

Vinay and Kusuma(2021), present a journal article titled “Home Automation Using Internet of
Things” Withadvancement of Automation technology, lifeis getting simpler and easier in all
aspects. In today’s world Automatic systems are being preferred over manual system. With the
rapid increase in the number of users of internet over the past decade has made Internet a part
and parcel of life, and IoT isthe latest and emerging internet technology. Internet of things is a
growing network of everyday object-from industrial machine to consumer goods that can share
information and complete tasks while you are busy with other activities. Wireless Home
Automation system(WHAS) using IoT is a system that uses computers or mobile devices to
control basic home functions and features automatically through internet from anywhere around
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the world, an automated home is sometimes called a smart home. It is meant to save the electric
power and human energy. The home automation system differs from other system by allowing
the user to operate the system from anywhere around the world through internet connection.
Inthispaperwepresent aHome Automation system(HAS) using Intel Galileo that employsthe
integration of cloud networking, wireless communication, to provide the user with remote
control of variouslights, fans, and appliances within their home and storing the data in the cloud.
The systemwillautomatically changeonthebasisofsensors’ data. Thissystem is designed to be low
cost and expandable allowing a variety of devicesto be controlled.

Ravi, Lakshmi and Vishal (2019), present a journal article titled “IoT Based Smart Security and
Home Automation System”Internet of Things (IoT) conceptualizes the idea of remotely
connecting and monitoring real world objects (things) through the Internet. When it comes to our
house, this concept can be aptly incorporated to make it smarter, safer and automated. This IoT
project focuses on building a smart wireless home security system which sends alerts to the
owner by using Internet in case of any trespass and raises an alarm optionally. Besides, the same
can also be utilized for home automation by making use of the same set of sensors. The leverage
obtained by preferring this system over the similar kinds of existing systems is that the alerts and
the status sent by the Wi-Fi connected microcontroller managed system can be received by the
user on his phone from any distance irrespective of whether his mobile phone is connected to the
internet. The microcontroller used in the current prototype is the TI-CC3200 Launchpad board
which comes with an embedded micro-controller and an onboard Wi-Fi shield making use of
which all the electrical appliances inside the home can be controlled and managed.

Akrit and Ujwal (2016), present a journal titled “Wireless Home Automation System” Home
automation structures have gotten commonness of late, paralleling advances in the possibility of
the Internet of Things. The current endeavour exhibits the utilization of an unobtrusive home
computerization system, inside the structure of assistive advancement. The system utilization
relies upon the Arduino microcontroller along with Bluetooth correspondences capacity, and it is
proposed for use by the elderly and people with insufficiencies. The structure is anything but
difficult to use, with an instinctual interface executed on an Android based propelled cell phone.
Showings exhibit that the structure empowers control of home devices, lights, warming, cooling
systems and security devices by the arranged customers, i.e., the elderly and crippled.

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Dhakad, Dhake, Undegaonkar, Zope and Vinay (2022), present a journal article titled “Smart
Home Automation using IoT” Smart Building not only refers to reduce human efforts but also
energy efficiency and time saving. In this [Link] is used in which appliances are connected to
sensors and sensors give status of appliances to the web. Here electric appliances are operated by
the website. The main objective of home automation and security is to help handicapped and
aged people that will enable them to control home appliances and alert them in critical situations.

Lalit, Samir and Nihar (2020), presents a journal titled “Arduino based home automation using
Internet of things (IoT)”,This paper presents a low cost flexible and reliable home automation
system with additional security using Arduino microcontroller, with IP connectivity through
local WiFi for accessing and controlling devices by authorized user remotely using Smart phone
application. The proposed system is server independent and uses Internet of things to control
human desired appliances starting from industrial machine to consumer goods. The user can also
use different devices for controlling by the help of web-browser, smart phone or IR remote
module. To demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of this system, in this paper we present
a home automation system using Arduino UNO microcontroller and esp8266-01 as a
connectivity module. It helps the user to control various appliances such as light, fan, TV and
can take decision based on the feedback of sensors remotely. We have tested our system through
conducted experiment on various environmental conditions.

Mahind,Gujar, Patel, Nikam and Patil (2019), present a journal article titled “Home Automation
using IoT” A home automation is a technique which reduces the human efforts by using
electronic devices. This system controls the home appliances through android application based
on raspberry-pi. A home automation system have a two main components; First one is android
app which control by locally as well as remotely and second is Raspberry Pi that has interface to
sensors and appliances of an home automation system. It also saves the energy consumed by
home appliances.

Ritvik and Antara (2019) present a journal article titled “IoT based Home Automation System
with Pattern Recognition”Automation has numerous applications. This paper proposes a home
automations system which can be effectively used to control and monitor home appliances using
the internet. Due to its various advantages, home automation is gaining more and more
popularity day by day because of its ability to ensure security and make life much easier. In the

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system, arduino will be interfaced with multiple sensors that can measure temperature &
humidity, light, motion, and so on. The data collected by the various sensors is stored and a
pattern analysis is done on the stored data which tells the user at which time the appliances are
usually on or off so that they can be automatically controlled without any human intervention by
observing the regular usage pattern. The user can also turn on/off any appliance remotely using
the internet.

Marco (2021), present a journal titled “Introduction to the Internet of Things” The IoT can be
viewed as a global infrastructure for the information society, enabling advanced services by
interconnecting (physical and virtual) things based on existing and evolving interoperable
information and communication technologies. Things are objects of the physical world (physical
things) or of the information world (virtual world) which are capable of being identified and
integrated into communication networks. Things have associated information, which can be
static and [Link] things exist in the physical world and are capable of being sensed,
actuated and connected. Examples of physical things include the surrounding environment,
industrial robots, goods and electrical equipment. Virtual things exist in the information world
and are capable of being stored, processed and accessed. Examples of virtual things include
multimedia content and application software.

2.2 REVIEW OF GENERAL TEXT

The demand for automated systems has widely increased due to advancement of Automation
Technology. The rapid increase in the number of users of internet has made Internet a part of
life, and Internet of things (IoT) is the latest and emerging internet technology. Internet of things
(IoT) is basically the interconnection via the internet of computing devices embedded in
everyday objects, enabling them to send and receive data. It is a communication between
multiple devices with no or less human intervention. Internet of things (IoT) can minimize
human efforts. Internet of Things (IoT) analyzes the data retrieved from the sensors and performs
appropriate activities thereby saving human time. The assurance to people about their home
activities and securities led to the advancement of Home Automation System. The system will
continuously update the system information as well as the user (Saurabh S., Harjeet M.
&Sangeeta M., 2017).

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2.3 OVERVIEW OF HOME AUTOMATION USING IOT
Home automation is the control of any or all Electrical gadgets in our home, regardless of
whether we are there or away. Home automation is standout amongst of the most energizing
improvements in innovation for the home that has gone along in decades. There are several items
accessible today that permit us control over the gadgets automatically, either by remote control
or even by voice charge.
IOT means Internet of Things, which connects the devices and things to the internet. The devices
is nothing but smart-phones, TV, sensors etc. At the edge of the IOT are the appliances and
equipment we use every day. These devices and thing are connected across an infrastructure
using ZigBee, Raspberry-pi, Arduino, WiFie.t.c to provide bidirectional communications link
with relatively long range, low power and a sufficient data rate to aggregate information from
many connected devices. Home automation or Smart Homes can be described as introduction of
technology within the home environment to provide convenience, comfort, security and energy
efficiency to its occupants. Adding intelligence to home environment can provide increased
quality of life. Now a day by giving the introduction of the Internet of Things (IOT), the research
and implementation of home automation system are getting more popular. A smart home can be
built on wide area by using variety of technology platforms or protocols. Each technology
consists, its own language. Each language is used to connect the various devices and give
instructions to perform a function. This system consist the automation of the home, housework or
household activity. The smart home system is used for outlying area is nothing but extension of
building automation and it involves the control and automation of turn on bulbs, heating,
ventilation, air conditioning (HVAC), appliance.

2.4 CONCEPT OF INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT)

The Internet of things (IoT) describes the network of physical objects “things” that are embedded
with sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of connecting and exchanging data
with other devices and systems over the [Link] main concept of a network of smart devices
was discussed as early as 1982, with a modified Coca-Cola vending machine at Carnegie Mellon
University becoming the first Internet connected appliance, able to report its inventory and
whether newly loaded drinks were cold or not.(Mark W., 1991) paper on ubiquitous computing,
"The Computer of the 21st Century", as well as academic venues such as UbiCompand PerCom

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produced the contemporary vision of the IOT. (Reza R., 1994) described the concept in IEEE
Spectrum as "moving small packets of data to a large set of nodes, so as to integrate and
automate everything from home appliances to entire factories". Between 1993 and 1997, several
companies proposed solutions like Microsoft's at Work or Novell's NEST. The field gained
momentum when Bill Joy envisioned device-to-device communication as a part of his "Six
Webs" framework, presented at the World Economic Forum at Davos in 1999.
The term "Internet of things" was coined by Kevin Ashton of Procter & Gamble, later MIT's
Auto-ID Center, in 1999, though he prefers the phrase "Internet for things". At that point, he
viewed radio-frequency identification (RFID) as essential to the Internet of things, which would
allow computers to manage all individual things. Defining the Internet of things as "simply the
point in time when more 'things or objects' were connected to the Internet than people", Cisco
Systems estimated that the IOT was "born" between 2008 and 2009, with the things or people
ratio growing from 0.08 in 2003 to 1.84 in 2010.

2.4.1 ADVANTAGES OF INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT)

1. The internet of things helps people live and work smarter, as well as gain complete
control over their lives. In addition to offering smart devices to automate homes, IOT is
essential to business.
2. IOT provides businesses with a real-time look into how their systems really work,
delivering insights into everything from the performance of machines to supply chain and
logistics operations.
3. IOT enables companies to automate processes and reduce labor costs. It also cuts down
on waste and improves service delivery, making it less expensive to manufacture and
deliver goods, as well as offering transparency into customer transactions.

2.4.2 BENEFIT OF IOT TO ORGANIZATION

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The internet of things offers several benefits to organizations. Some benefits are industry-
specific, and some are applicable across multiple industries. Some of the common benefits of
IOT enable businesses to:

1. Monitor their overall business processes;

2. Improve the customer experience (CX);

3. Save time and money;

4. Enhance employee productivity;

5. Integrate and adapt business models;

6. Make better business decisions; and

7. Generate more revenue.

2.4.3 APPLICATIONS OF INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT)

In his 1999 presentation to Procter & Gamble, Kevin Ashton, the co-founder of the Auto-ID
Center at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, explained the potential of IoT. Today
computers and, therefore, the internet are almost wholly dependent on human beings for
information. Nearly all of the roughly 50 petabytes (a petabyte is 1,024 terabytes) of data
available on the internet were first captured and created by human beings by typing, pressing a
record button, taking a digital picture or scanning a bar code. The problem is, people have
limited time, attention and accuracy all of which means they are not very good at capturing data
about things in the real world. If we had computers that knew everything there was to know
about things using data they gathered without any help from us we would be able to track and
count everything and greatly reduce waste, loss and cost. We would know when things needed
replacing, repairing or recalling and whether they were fresh or past their best. Practical
application of IoT technology can be seen in numerous industries.

AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES

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An autonomous vehicle, sometimes referred to as self-driving cars or driverless cars, is a vehicle
that uses a combination of sensors, camera, radar and artificial intelligence (AI) to travel between
destinations without a human operator. In order to qualify as being completely autonomous, a
vehicle must be able to navigate without needing human intervention to a predetermined
destination via roads that have not been adapted for its use.

Fig 2.1 Driverless Car using Internet of Things (IOT)

AI technologies power self-driving car systems. Developers of autonomous vehicles use vast
amounts of data from image recognition systems along with neural networks and machine
learning. The intersection of these various fields results in being able to build systems that can
drive autonomously. Neural networks identify patterns in the data, obtained through sensors and
various other hardware, which is passed on to the machine learning algorithms. One prominent
example is Google’s self-driving car which uses a mix of sensors and then combines all of the
data generated by those systems in order to identify objects around the vehicle.

Smart Homes

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Smart Home technology, also known as home automation is a classic example of the IoT in
practice. Home automation provides home owners with comfort, security, convenience and
improves energy efficiency by affording them the ability to control other smart devices, usually
via a smart home app on their smartphone or a different networked device. Smart home systems
and devices operate together and share consumer usage data among themselves in order to
automate actions based on the owner’s preferences.

Fig [Link] Home Automation using Internet of Things (IOT)

Today, almost every appliance associated with domestic life has a smart home option. A few
examples:

 Smart TVs connect to the internet to access content through applications, such as on-
demand video and music. Some smart TVs also include voice or gesture recognition.

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 Using smart locks and garage-door openers, users can grant or deny access to visitors.
Smart locks can also detect when residents are near and unlock the doors for them.
 Pet care can be automated with connected feeders. Houseplants and lawns can be watered
by way of connected timers.

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM

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3.1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Method of data collection refers to the practices and techniques in research used to
gather, process, and manipulate information that can then be used to test ideas and theories about
social life. Types of methodologies include interview, textbooks and internet research. The main
type of method employed in this system is observation on the ways in which message is been
sent and not known may be it delivered or not. The method is achieved through the following
steps:

i. An effective Home Automation using internet of things (IoT) is proposed.

ii. The system was implemented with IoT techniques.
iii. An application that will help homes, offices, industries [Link] other barriers was
developed.
iv. A user-friendly application for Home Automation was created.
v. The application is designed in C# package which involves the use of PHP server-side
scripting language, MYSQL for database management and HTML (with other embedded
functionalities) for the page design and layout settings. Hence, the program testing simply
involves running it directly from a Mozilla Firefox web browser on local host server
provided by Apache 2.0 inWampServer 2.0 application.

3.2 ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM

The existing system of the home automation system present in the market are in general
appliance specific and the same cannot be used interchangeably. Most of the existing system
make use of Bluetooth to control the home appliances and this cannot be managed from a distant
location. Thus functions such as being able to turn on an air-conditioner while returning home
cannot be done with such systems. In contrast, this work gives a cost effective and simple
solution for wireless home automation and home security systems. The difficulty faced by
current home security or surveillance systems in providing information pertaining to the situation
to users while being away from home is tried to overcome in this project. Some further
modifications which can be done to increase the fidelity and user friendliness of the current
system have been achieved in this system.

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3.3 PROBLEMS OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM

During the information stage, the main problem encountered for the current systemsare as
follows:
i. Tragedies happen such as thefts especiallylate at night when the users are not at home.
This is because home does notprovide any secure system.
ii. The systems are also regularly being installed incrementally without a central control
point. And that can lead to home automation problems.
iii. Most of the existing system make use of Bluetooth to control the home appliances this
cannot be managed from a distant location.

3.4 ANALYSIS OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM

The introduction of home automation is failed to improve the lifestyles of users for several
reasons. Firstly, these system is costly that’s why the economic benefits of home automation
system is difficult. Secondly, the costs of implementing smart home technology must be depends
on their installation and hardware cost. In this system we will make use of a common gadget
which helps to create a home as a smart home. We are implementing a scheduling mechanism in
this [Link] is a need for home automation system is to be cost effective, flexible and easy
to install with many network infrastructures and home appliances. The proposed home
automation system has the capabilities to control most of the home appliances.

3.5 ADVANTAGES OF PROPOSED SYSTEM

The advantages of the proposed system include;

I. Minimizing the cost of installing one application on different system, it provides far
better security when compared to the existing system.
II. Another major advantage of implementing the new system is that you do not need to
be going around from city to city with your computer because the application home
appliance can be control through the internet.
III. The proposed system is very fast than the existing system.
IV. Save money and increase convenience of the user.

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 V. Allow the user to control their appliances when they are out of town.

CHAPTER FOUR
DESIGN, IMPLEMENTATION AND DOCUMENTATION OF THE
SYSTEM
4.1 Design of the System

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 This system was developed using visual C# programming language. It starts with logical
design, which produces a specification of major features of the system. These include the data,
input, output, processing storage and other control requirement.

4.1.1 Output Design

Figure 4.1: Splash Screen Page Screenshot: On loading the application, this is the first page that
will appear to the user.

Figure 4.2:Home Page Screenshot: This is the module that shows the home settings.

Figure 4.3:Appliances Screenshot: This is the module that shows all the home appliances.

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4.1.2 Input Design
Design is a way of mapping and arranging parts into a whole, which satisfies the objective
involved. The input design refers to the type of all data used to feed information into the database
via the program and the format and input used for the system. Below are the snapshots of the
input designs.

Figure 4.4: Sign In Page Screenshot: this gives access to the user after supplying username and

password.

4.1.3 Database Design

A database is an integrated collection of data representing entities important to the
functioning of an individual or organization; organize to reflect logical relationship among data
elements. At the Centre of any information management is a database. In the design, two distinct
data base structure were used as shown below:
This section gives detail information on all data that is use in the designing of this
project; it gives analysis on the type, length etc.
This is just and encoded data definifion list here that describe that virus data definition, so
during the scanning if the system found any file that matches the specified data the its going to
flag the such file.
4.1.4 Procedure Design

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 The procedure design refers to the construct of the whole program i.e. how each section
functions individually and collectively as a whole to make up the whole execution of the
program work/operate according to specification.
The system contains four submenus, each submenu having difference form and they are
control by modules.
The system allow user to register as a member to be able to log on into the system, the
user also is allowing to view is profile, so also to edit its information if necessary.

4.2 System Implementation

Implementation is the stage of the project when the theoretical design is turned into a
working system. At this stage the main workload, the greatest upheaval and the major impact on
existing practices shift to the user department. Thus, it can be considered to be the most crucial
stage in achieving a successful new system and in giving the user confidence that the new system
will work and be effective.
The designed system depends on the capabilities and power of the computer on which the
application system is installed. However, selecting a choice of application support (Hardware
and Software) depends much on;
1. How readily the user is to interfere with the computer
2. Cost and benefits
3. Managements support for changes
Hence, choosing the appropriate hardware and software will enhance the performance of the
system.
4.2.1 Choice of Programming Language
The programming language to be used in the development of this application is the
Microsoft Visual C#. C# is a third-generation event-driven programming language from
Microsoft. Microsoft intended C# to be relatively easy to learn and use. C# was derived from C
and C++ programming languages and enables the rapid application development (RAD) of
graphical user interface (GUI) applications, access to databases using Data Access Objects,
Remote Data Objects, or ActiveX Data Objects, and creation of ActiveX controls and objects.
The database management system to be used in keeping the record of the virus definition is

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MYSQL. MYSQL is a database management system (DBMS) from that combines the relational
Jet Database Engine with a graphical user interface and software-development tools.
MYSQL stores data in its own format based on the Jet Database Engine. It can also
import or link directly to data stored in other applications and databases. Software developers,
data architects and power users can use MYSQL to develop application software.

4.2.2 Hardware Support

The software was developed on a PC with the following hardware specifications which
will function effectively on any computer system with the under listed minimum requirement.
The hardware requires for the effective running of the software are as follows:
1. Intel Pentium 4 processor with a clock speed of at least 512 GHz.
2. Random Access Memory (RAM) of 1GB.
3. Computer system

4.2.3 Software Support

The software requirement for this project includes:
1. A Computer System/Laptop running Windows Operating System (Windows XP,
Windows 7, Windows 8/8.1 or Windows 10)
2. Microsoft Visual studio 2012 IDE.
4.2.4 Changeover Technique
System changeover entails the diversion from the existing system to the new system. In
this project, the changeover plan is direct method approach was used because it will allow the
user operate the new system discarding the old system until the new system is operating in
accordance with the defined user requirements and has proved that it’s reliable and efficient. The
following steps are taking for the changeover plan;
1. The system has been proved to the satisfaction of the system analyst and the other
activities has been completed.
2. User manager are satisfied with the result of the system tests, staff training and
references manual.
3. The operation manager is satisfied with the performance of the new system.
4. The changeover may be achieved in a number of ways. The most common methods
are direct changeover, parallel running, pilot running, and staged changeover.

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 5. The changeover plan entails the diversion from an old system to a new one, at this
stage, the parallel changeover will be used in project work which involve processing
current data by both the old and new system to cross check result, both the old and
new system are kept alive until the new system has been proved for at least one
system circle.

4.3 System Documentation

After the program has been well tested with input that the output has already been known,
the next is to install the software in to the computer system for use.
The process of installing is being stated below
1. Insert the CD into the system through the CD-ROM after the computer is switch on
2. Locate the CD drive directory in my computer and click it to open
3. After open, locate [Link], and then click to install the program by following the
necessary step in installing the program.
4. Ensure full installing of the software for effective operation of the system.
After the program has been fully install. The next thing is to locate the package install to
put it into operation, to locate the package for expiration purpose the following step are to be
taking.
1. Click on start menu from task bar. Then select all program
2. From the display sub option, select by locating the software installed named
Opulence Trojan detection to load the software.
4.3.1 Maintaining the System
Built-in safeguard of the system helps home to automate their appliances and to improve
their securities.

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 CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1 SUMMARY

In this thesis, we have designedIOT based home automation system which will bring
more convenience and comfort to people lives. The android based homeautomationsystem
communicates with the system via an internet. Any android supported device can be used to
install the home automation application. Using android application user can control and monitor
the smart home environment. These home automation systems are mandatory because sometimes
human can forgot to switch off the appliances when there is no need to use and in this situation,

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the home automation system is used to reduce the wastage of electricity.

5.2 CONCLUSION
As a final conclusion, we presented a design implementation of a Home Automation
System using Internet of Things (IOT) for energy efficient housing that was optimized for low-
cost,flexibility of system configuration, and interoperabilitywith other [Link] described
system components were tested in a prototype implementation of the Home Automation System.
The experimental tests showed that the proposed architecture and components were well chosen
both in terms of achieving the low cost of the overall solution and satisfactory system
[Link] the basic system core described in this system, we plan to extend the basic
system functionality by providing additional modules and services, such as smart entry control
subsystem,human behaviour patterns learning and monitoring, remote access system control,
configuring and controlling system configuration over smartphone or tablet etc.

5.3 RECOMMENDATION

Home automation has vast scope. Using this system as framework, the system can be
expanded to include various other options which could include home security feature like
capturing the photo of a person moving around the house and storing it onto the cloud. This will
reduce the data storage than using the CCTV camera which will record all the time and stores it.
The system can be expanded for energy monitoring, or weather stations. This kind of a system
with respective changes can be implemented in the hospitals for disable people or in industries
where human invasion is impossible or dangerous, and it can also be implemented for
environmental monitoring.

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