GAYA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING GAYA

AFFILATED TO

BIHAR ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY , PATNA

INTERNSHIP REPORT

NAME : Mrinal Kumari

BRANCH : Computer Science & Engineering

REG. NO. : 23105110086

ROLL NO. : 23-CSE-78

SESSION : 2023-2027

SEMESTER : 3rd(2nd Year)

 AN INTERNSHIP REPORT
ON
“C PROGRAMMING AT CODTECH IT SOLUTIONS ”

UNDER THE SCHEME OF AICTE VIRTUAL I

INTERNSHIP PROGRAM 2025

Submitted to
Gaya College of Engineering
Affiliated under Bihar Engineering University, Patna
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
Submitted by

____MRINAL KUMARI _____

Report of Internship for the period

May 2025 to June 2025(4 Weeks)

Internal Examiner Signature External Examiner signature

 MENTOR’S RECOMMENDATION

Author hereby recommend that this report prepared under my

mentorship in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the
Bachelor of Technology in Computer Science and Engineering
be processed for evaluation.

Instructor: Dr. Pratik Ranjan

Prof Ritesh Kumar
 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The successful completion of this internship report would not have been possible
without the support and assistance of many individuals and organizations. Author
feel immensely blessed to have gotten this during the course of my internship
program. Author would like to take this opportunity to offer my earnest
admiration to each and every one of them. All thanks to my adorable parents for
their profound help and support during the cause of this project work.

I am profoundly grateful to Dr. Pratik Ranjan for his expert guidance and

continuous encouragement throughout to see that this Internship reached its

target from commencement to completion.

I express my deepest appreciation towards Dr. Rajan Sarkar, Principal, Gaya

College of Engineering, Gaya. Mr. Ritesh Kumar, Head of the Department of

Computer Science & Engineering, whose invaluable guidance supported us in

completing this Internship.

Finally, I must express our sincere heartfelt gratitude to all the staff members

Of the Computer Engineering Department who helped me directly or indirectly

During this course of work.

CERTIFICATE
 CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION

I, Mrinal Kumari, a student of Gaya College of Engineering, Gaya, hereby declare that
the project report entitled "C Programming", submitted in partial fulfilment of the
internship program at CodTech IT Solution, is my original work and has not been
submitted previously for any other degree, diploma, or certificate.
This project work was carried out under the valuable guidance and supervision of the project
team and mentors at CodTech IT Solution during the internship tenure from 30th May to
30th June.
I further declare that this work is the result of my own research and practical learning during
the internship and does not contain any content that is plagiarized or copied from other
sources without proper acknowledgment.
I take full responsibility for the contents of this report and understand that any violation of
academic or professional ethics, such as plagiarism or misrepresentation of data, can lead to
appropriate disciplinary action.

Date : 29-07-2025
Place : Gaya
Signature: Mrinal Kumari
 ABSTRACT

This internship project report presents the work undertaken during a four-week
internship at CodTech IT Solution, focusing on the fundamentals and practical
applications of C Programming. The primary objective of the project was to
enhance my understanding of structured programming and improve problem-
solving skills through real-world coding assignments and technical guidance.

The project began with a comprehensive study of the C language's core concepts,
including data types, operators, control statements, loops, arrays, strings,
functions, and pointers. I also explored advanced topics such as file handling,
structures, and dynamic memory allocation. Through hands-on coding tasks, I
implemented various programs that reflected logical thinking and efficient
algorithm design.

Under the mentorship of professionals at CodTech IT Solution, I worked on

assignments that simulated industrial programming challenges. These included
developing data structure implementations (such as linked list ), and simple file-
handling programme.

This internship has significantly contributed to my technical growth, especially

in programming logic, debugging techniques, and understanding software
development practices. The experience has also enhanced my confidence to work
in a professional IT environment and deepened my interest in software
development.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTERNSHIP REPORT .............................................................................................................................................

MENTOR’S RECOMMENDATION ...........................................................................................................................

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS...........................................................................................................................................

CERTIFICATE ..........................................................................................................................................................

ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................................................................

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 Background ................................................................................................................................................... 1

1.2 Purpose Of Internship ................................................................................................................................... 1

1.3 Objective Of Internship ................................................................................................................................. 2

1.4 SCOPE OF THE INTERNSHIP REPORT ............................................................................................................. 2

CHAPTER 2: COMPANY OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................................... 3

2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 3

2.2 History And Mission .......................................................................................................................................3

2.3 Training ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………..4

2.4 Learning Methodology And resource …………………………………………………………………………………….…………………4

2.5 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………5

2.6 Suggestions and Recommendations ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….5

3: C OVERVIEW .................................................................................................................................................... 6

3.1 Introduction to C Programming Language .................................................................................................... 6

3.2 Advantages of C ............................................................................................................................................. 6

3.3 Application of C.................................................................................................................................…………...7

3.4 History of C .................................................................................................................................................... 7

4: C BASICS ................................................................................................................................................. 8

4.1 White space ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..8

4.2 C Loops ................................................................................................................................................. 8

4.3 Functions in C ........................................................................................................................................9

4.4 Pointers in C ..........................................................................................................................................9

5: INTERNSHIP TASKS PROJECT………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…...10

5.1 Task 1 : File handling Program ……………………………………………………………………………………………….………..10

5.2 Task 2 : Linked List Implementation………………………………………………………………………………………………….11

5.3 Task 3 : Compiler Basic Design……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………12

5.4 Task 4 : Data Compression Tool…………………………………………………………………………………………….………….13

5.5 OUTPUT ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….14

6: CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE ENHANCEMENT

6.1 Conclusion .............................................................................................................................................15

6.2 Recommendation ................................................................................................................................. 16

6.3 Future Enhancement ............................................................................................................................ 17

REFERENCES ....................................................................................................................................................
1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background
The C programming language is one of the most widely used and influential
programming languages in the field of computer science. Developed in the early 1970s
by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs, C was originally designed for developing system
software and operating systems, such as UNIX.
C is a structured, procedural, and high-level language that provides low-level
memory access, making it both powerful and efficient. Its simplicity, portability, and
flexibility have made it a popular choice for system programming, embedded systems,
and application development.
This report reflects the knowledge and practical experience gained during my internship
at CodTech IT Solution, where I worked on mastering the fundamentals of C
programming. The training covered key concepts such as variables, data types,
operators, control flow (if-else, loops), functions, arrays, pointers, structures, and file
handling. Additionally, I developed small-scale projects and coding tasks that enhanced
my logical thinking and helped apply theoretical concepts in a practical context.

1.2 Purpose Of Internship

The primary purpose of this internship in C Programming at CodTech IT Solution was to
bridge the gap between academic learning and real-world programming experience. While
theoretical knowledge of C is taught in classrooms, this internship provided an opportunity to
apply that knowledge practically, thereby deepening my understanding of programming logic,
syntax, and problem-solving techniques.
The specific objectives of the internship included:
1. Enhancing Programming Skills:
To gain hands-on experience in writing, compiling, and debugging C programs using
real-time examples and challenges.
2. Understanding Core Concepts:
To strengthen my foundation in essential C topics such as data types, operators, loops,
conditional statements, arrays, strings, functions, pointers, structures, and file handling.
3. Applying Knowledge to Real Tasks:
To implement mini-projects and tasks that simulate industry-level programming
practices, such as menu-driven applications and basic data structure operation.
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1.3 Objective Of Internship

The internship at CodTech IT Solution in C Programming was designed to help students

gain real-world programming experience and apply their academic knowledge in a
practical environment. The specific objectives of this internship were:
1. To understand and apply the fundamentals of C programming including data
types, variables, operators, control structures, loops, functions, arrays, and pointers.
2. To develop logical and structured thinking by solving programming problems
using efficient algorithms and techniques.
3. To gain hands-on experience in writing, compiling, and debugging C programs
using standard development environments.
4. To implement real-time mini projects such as menu-driven applications, file
handling systems, and basic data structure operations linked list.

1.4 SCOPE OF THE INTERNSHIP REPORT

This internship report outlines the practical training and learning experience gained during the
one-month internship at CodTech IT Solution, focusing on the C Programming Language.
The scope of the report is limited to the knowledge, skills, and project tasks completed during
the internship period from 30th May to 30th June.
The key areas covered in the scope of this report include:
1. Basic to Intermediate Concepts of C Programming:
Understanding and applying fundamental concepts such as variables, data types,
operators, control structures, loops, arrays, strings, functions, and pointers.
2. File Handling and Structures:
Working with file input/output operations and user-defined data types like structures to
manage data efficiently.
3. Hands-on Coding Practice:
Writing, compiling, and debugging programs using real-time examples, including
mini-projects and problem-solving tasks.
4. Project Work and Assignments:
Completion of practical coding assignments and development of small applications to
demonstrate understanding and application of concepts.

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2: COMPANY OVERVIEW

2.1 INTRODUCTION
CODTECH IT SOLUTIONS
CODTECH IT SOLUTIONS is a growing and dynamic IT company based in Hyderabad,
Telangana, committed to delivering innovative technology solutions and comprehensive IT
training programs. Established with the vision of empowering students and professionals with
industry-relevant technical skills, CODTECH has built a strong reputation in both the software
development and training domains.
The company is located at 8-7-7/2, Plot No: 51, Opposite Naveena School, Hasthinapuram
Central, Hyderabad – 500079, Telangana. CODTECH is known for its collaborative work
culture, hands-on learning environment, and focus on practical implementation of theoretical
knowledge.

2.2 HISTORY AND MISSION

The mission of CODTECH IT SOLUTIONS is to bridge the gap between academic learning and
industry requirements by providing real-time project exposure, technical expertise, and professional
guidance. The company envisions becoming a leading IT training and development organization that
nurtures talent and supports technological advancement.
Services Offered
CODTECH IT SOLUTIONS provides a variety of services that cater to both individuals and
organizations:
1. Internship & Training Programs
The company offers short-term and long-term internships in various programming languages and
technologies, including C, C++, Java, Python, Web Development, Data Structures, and more.
These programs are designed to enhance technical knowledge, logical thinking, and coding
efficiency.
Core Values
 Quality Training – Emphasis on real-time projects and practical knowledge.
 Mentorship – Supportive guidance from experienced professionals.
 Innovation – Encouragement to think creatively and solve real-world problems.
 Integrity – Commitment to ethical practices and transparency in work.

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2.3 Training
During my 4-week internship at CODTECH IT SOLUTIONS PVT. LTD., Hyderabad, I underwent focused
training in C programming, designed to strengthen my theoretical understanding and practical coding skills.
The training was conducted in a remote format, allowing flexibility while maintaining structured learning
through weekly tasks and project-based assignments.

Training Objectives:
• To apply core concepts of C in real-world scenarios.

• To understand file handling, linked list, and basic compiler design.

• To develop self-discipline and independent project management skills.

Mode of Training:

• Online (Work-from-Home)
• Mentorship and guidance via digital communication tools.

• Assignment-based learning and GitHub-based submissions.

• Weekly reviews and feedback by the mentor, Mr. Neela Santosh Kumar.

Topics Covered During Training:

• File Handling Program

• Linked List Imp

• Compiler Design Basic

• Data Compression Tool

2.4 Learning Methodology And Resource

During my internship at CODTECH IT SOLUTIONS, I followed a structured and practical
approach to learning C programming. The training covered key concepts such as data types,
loops, functions, arrays, pointers, and file handling. Each topic was followed by hands-on
coding exercises and real-time assignments. The mentors provided clear explanations and
guided us through debugging and logic building. Daily tasks, quizzes, and a mini-project helped
reinforce learning. The interactive sessions and personalized support created a productive
environment. This practical methodology greatly enhanced my understanding of C language and
prepared me for real-world software development challenges.

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2.5 conclusion
Overall, the internship experience was valuable and enriching, serving as a
bridge between academic learning and industry expectations. It not only
improved my technical proficiency in C,
but also prepared me for future internships and professional roles in software
development.
Key takeaways include:
• Better understanding of how to write efficient, modular, and maintainable
code.
• Improved debugging and analytical thinking skills.
• Confidence to handle real-world development scenarios and project-based
tasks.
• Clarity on the importance of self-learning and consistent practice in
technical growth.

2.6 Suggestions and Recommendations

The internship has played a crucial role in shaping my career readiness and has
The internship at CODTECH IT SOLUTIONS was highly beneficial and well-structured.
motivated me to further explore advanced areas in C and software development
However, I would like to offer a few suggestions to enhance the experience further:
1. More Real-time Projects: Including more industry-based mini projects would
help interns gain better exposure to practical applications.
2. Extended Duration: A slightly longer internship (e.g., 6–8 weeks) could provide
deeper understanding of complex C programming topics.
3. Interactive Sessions: Organizing peer discussions or group coding challenges can
improve collaboration and critical thinking.
4. Career Guidance Sessions: Adding sessions on resume building, technical
interviews, or IT career paths would be helpful for students.

Overall, the internship was a valuable learning experience.

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3: C OVERVIEW
3.1 Introduction to C Programming

C programming is a powerful, high-level, general-purpose programming language that was

developed in the early 1970s by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs. It is widely known for its
simplicity, efficiency, and close interaction with hardware, making it ideal for system-level
programming like operating systems, embedded systems, and compilers.
C follows a structured programming approach, supports modular design, and provides
low-level memory access through pointers. It includes features such as loops, conditionals,
functions, arrays, and file handling, allowing developers to build both small and large-scale
software systems.
Due to its speed and control, C remains a foundational language in computer science and is
still widely taught in academic and professional settings.

3.2 Advantage of C
1. Simple and Easy to Learn
C has a clear and straightforward syntax, making it an ideal language for beginners in
programming.
2. Fast and Efficient
C programs execute quickly because they are compiled directly into machine-level
code, making it suitable for performance-critical applications.
3. Structured Programming Language
C supports modular and structured programming, which improves code clarity and
maintainability.
4. Large Community and Libraries
C has a vast user base and plenty of open-source libraries, making problem-solving
easier.
5. Ideal for System Programming
C is commonly used to build operating systems, drivers, and embedded software due
to its efficiency and low-level capabilities.

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3.3 Application of C
1. Operating Systems Development
C is widely used to develop operating systems like Windows, UNIX, and Linux due to
its speed and low-level memory access.
2. Embedded Systems
C is commonly used in embedded system programming (e.g., microcontrollers, IoT
devices) where direct hardware control is needed.
3. System Programming
It is used to build compilers, interpreters, assemblers, and system-level utilities.
4. Database Systems
Popular databases like MySQL are written in C.
5. Compilers and Interpreters
C is used to create language compilers and interpreters for other programming
languages.

3.4 History of C

The C programming language was developed in the early 1970s by Dennis Ritchie at Bell
Laboratories (AT&T), USA. It was created as an improvement over earlier languages like B
(developed by Ken Thompson) and BCPL.
C was specifically designed for developing the UNIX operating system, which was later
rewritten entirely in C — making it one of the first operating systems written in a high-level
language.
The language gained popularity due to its simplicity, efficiency, and ability to interact directly
with hardware. In 1989, the ANSI (American National Standards Institute) standardized C,
known as ANSI C or C89. Later, the ISO (International Organization for Standardization)
released updated versions such as C99 and C11, adding more modern features.

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4 : C BASICS
4.1 White Space
White space in C refers to any blank space, tab, or newline character that separates
tokens in the code but does not affect the actual execution of the program. It is
used to improve the readability and formatting of the code.
Examples of White Space:
 Spaces between variables or keywords
Example: int x = 10;
 Tabs for indentation
 New lines to separate statements
C ignores extra white space during compilation, but it is essential to use it properly
to make the code understandable for humans.

4.2 C loops
Loops in C are used to execute a block of code repeatedly until a specified condition is
met. They help reduce code repetition and make programs more efficient and readable.
C supports three main types of loops:

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4.3 Function

A function in C is a block of reusable code designed to perform a specific task. Functions help
organize a program into smaller, manageable sections, making the code modular, readable,
and reusable.
Types of Functions in C:
1. Library Functions
Predefined functions provided by C, e.g., printf(), scanf(), strlen().
2. User-Defined Functions
Functions created by the programmer to perform custom tasks.

4.4 Pointer

A pointer is a special variable in C that stores the memory address of another variable.
Pointers are one of the most powerful features of C, allowing direct access and
manipulation of memory.
Important Operators:

 & (Address-of operator): Returns the address of a variable

Example: &x

 * (Dereference operator): Accesses the value at the pointer's address

Example: *ptr

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5: INTERNSHIP TASKS PROJECT
5.1

Task 1: File Handling Program

 Objective: Write a C program to:
o Create, read, write, and append data to a file
 Deliverable: A C program demonstrating file operations

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5.2

Task 2: Linked List Implementation

 Objective: Write a program to implement:
o Singly linked list with insertion, deletion, and traversal
operations
 Deliverable: A modular and efficient linked list program

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5.3
Task 3: Compiler Design Basics
 Objective: Build a simple Lexical Analyzer to:
o Identify keywords, operators, and identifiers from an input file
 Deliverable: A program with sample outputs showing lexical analysis.

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 5.4
Task 4: Data Compression Tool
 Objective: Implement a compression algorithm like Run-Length
Encoding (RLE)
 Deliverable: A tool that compresses and decompresses text files

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5.5 OUTPUT
TASK 1: File handling TASK 2:Linked List implementation

TASK 3: Compiler Basic Design TASK 4:Data compression Tool

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6: CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE ENHANCEMENT
6.1
CONCLUSION
The internship at CodTech IT Solutions has been a highly
enriching and educational experience. Through structured
tasks like file handling, linked list implementation, lexical
analysis, and data compression, I gained valuable hands-
on knowledge of core concepts in C programming. These
assignments not only deepened my understanding of the
language but also enhanced my problem-solving and
logical thinking skills.
Working on real-world coding challenges and applying
theoretical knowledge in a practical environment has
boosted my confidence and programming abilities. I also
learned to write clean, efficient, and modular code, which
is essential in professional software development.
Overall, this internship laid a strong foundation in C
programming, preparing me for future technical
challenges and contributing significantly to my academic
and career growth. I am grateful to CodTech IT Solutions
for the guidance, support, and opportunity to explore the
world of programming in such an impactful way.

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6.2
RECOMMENDATION
Based on my learning experience during the internship at CodTech
IT Solutions, I would like to offer the following recommendations:
1. Interactive Sessions: Including live coding sessions, webinars,
or Q&A discussions with mentors would enhance conceptual
clarity and give students a more interactive learning experience.
2. Task Guidelines: Providing more detailed guidelines or sample
outputs for each task can help interns better understand the
expected results and reduce confusion.
3. Peer Collaboration: Introducing group tasks or collaborative
projects can promote teamwork, communication skills, and
shared learning among participants.
4. Feedback System: A structured feedback mechanism after
each task would help students identify their mistakes and
improve their coding practices.
5. Project Showcase: Creating a platform for interns to present
their final projects or code can boost confidence and create
opportunities for peer learning.
6. Certificate with Performance Remarks: Including brief
remarks or grades based on performance could provide added
value and serve as motivation for interns to excel.

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6.3
FUTURE ENHANCEMENT
While the current internship program at CodTech IT Solutions offers a solid
foundation in C programming, there are several areas where future enhancements
can be made to improve the learning experience:
1. Advanced C Concepts:
Introduce topics like memory management using dynamic allocation,
pointers to functions, file structures, and data structures like trees and
graphs.
2. Real-Time Project Development:
Encourage interns to work on a small real-time application or mini-project
using C, such as a calculator, quiz system, or library management system,
to apply all concepts in one place.
3. Online Platform or Portal:
Developing a dedicated learning platform with video tutorials, assignments,
code submission, and progress tracking can streamline the internship
process.
4. Code Review System:
Implement peer code reviews or automated code-checking tools to help
improve coding standards, logic, and efficiency.
5. Mentorship & Doubt Clearing Sessions:
Scheduled live sessions with industry mentors for guidance, technical
doubts, and career advice can significantly enhance learning.
6. Integration with Other Languages:
Provide optional modules that show how C interfaces with other languages
like Python, C++, or embedded systems for broader exposure.
7. Intern Showcase & Certification Ceremony:
Hosting a virtual event where students can present their work and receive
certificates can boost engagement and recognition.
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 REFERENCES

Task LINK:
 Task 1-FILE-HANDLING-PROGRAM/filehandling.c at main ·
M97583/FILE-HANDLING-PROGRAM
 Task 2-FILE-HANDLING-PROGRAM/linkedlist.c at main · M97583/FILE-
HANDLING-PROGRAM
 Task 3-FILE-HANDLING-PROGRAM/basiccompiler.c at main ·
M97583/FILE-HANDLING-PROGRAM
 Task 4-FILE-HANDLING-PROGRAM/datacompression.c at main ·
M97583/FILE-HANDLING-PROGRAM

 CODTECH IT SOLUTIONS-https://www.codtechitsolutions.com

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