Operating System
(CS322)
Lab [2]
Linux View & File Management
T.A / Mohamed Hossam
FCI Minia University
Linux view
Linux OS View directory structure (FHS).
/boot /bin /sbin /lib /lib64 /home /root /usr /tmp /etc /opt
/run /proc /sys /srv /dev /cdrom /media /mnt /var
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Linux view
Linux OS View directory structure (FHS).
/boot Holding files used in booting the operating system.
/bin Storing all binary executables including all commands line.
/sbin Having the root-only commands used by the super user.
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Linux view
Linux OS View directory structure (FHS).
/lib Containing kernel modules and shared library images.
/lib64 Storing 64-bit library files.
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Linux view
Linux OS View directory structure (FHS).
/home Having all separate private files of users'.
/root The first directory in a hierarchy, used to linked the other branches.
/usr Using as a location for user installed programs and its files.
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Linux view
Linux OS View directory structure (FHS).
/tmp Having all temporary files for the running programs .
/etc Containing the configuration and setting files.
/opt Storing the installation of add-on application software packages.
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Linux view
Linux OS View directory structure (FHS).
/run Holding all files running in the ram.
/proc Having information about system processes and allocation resources.
/sys Storing information and configuration settings that kernel provides.
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Linux view
Linux OS View directory structure (FHS).
/srv Using as location of data files for a particular service, such as FTP.
/dev Containing special files for all devices.
/cdrom Using as place to the mount devices.
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Linux view
Linux OS View directory structure (FHS).
/media Containing subdirectories which are used for removeable media.
/mnt Using as temporary storage for the mount devices.
/var Holding the administrative and logging files.
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File Management
We have two ways to file management.
Command Line Interface (CLI).
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
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File Management
Functions control file management.
Creating & Renaming.
Browsing.
Copying.
Moving.
Deleting.
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File Management
Let’s launch our terminal.
User name Separator Home directory
Computer name or host name. Regular user
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File Management
who Current user account
Print system
uname information
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File Management
cal Display calendar
Print system date and
date time
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File Management
ifconfig configuration
network interface
top Task manager
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File Management
Summarize system
time resource usage
times Get process times
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File Management
“the display text”
echo
Display a line of text
“the print text”
printf
Format and print data
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File Management
On-line reference
man manuals
info Useful info
commands
Terminal commands
help
list
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File Management
Clear the terminal
clear screen
reset Terminal initialization
Show all commands
history exit Close Terminal
wrote in terminal
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File Management
pwd Print working directory
ls List directory contents
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File Management
New path ~ - ..
cd Change directory
File name
touch
Create new file
> >> File name
cat
Open file
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File Management
File name *.* New path -r Dir name New path
cp Copy file or directory
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File Management
File name *.* New path New name
mv dir name New path New name
Move and rename (file or directory)
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File Management
File name *.* -r dir name
rm remove file or directory
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File Management
directory name
mkdir
create directory
directory name
rmdir
remove directory
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