4.
Solid CO2 is an example of
a) Covalent solid b) metallic solid
c) molecular solid d) ionic solid
5. Assertion : monoclinic sulphur is an example of monoclinic crystal system
Reason: for a monoclinic system, a≠b≠c and α = γ = 900 , β ≠ 900
a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
d) Both assertion and reason are false.
6. In calcium fluoride, having the flurite structure the coordination number of Ca2+ ion
and F- Ion are (NEET)
a) 4 and 2 b) 6 and 6
c) 8 and 4 d) 4 and 8
7. The number of unit cells in 8 gm of an element X ( atomic mass 40) which crystallizes
in bcc pattern is (NA is the Avogadro number)
a) 6.023 X 1023 b) 6.023 X 1022
6.023 × 1023
c) 60.23 X 10 d)
23
8 × 40
1
8. In a solid atom M occupies ccp lattice and of tetrahedral voids are occupied by
3
atom N. find the formula of solid formed by M and N.
a) MN b) M3N c) MN3 d) M3N2
9. The ionic radii of A+ and B− are 0.98 × 10−10 m and 1.81 × 10−10 m . the coordination
number of each ion in AB is
a) 8 b) 2 c) 6 d) 4
10. CsCl has bcc arrangement, its unit cell edge length is 400pm, its inter atomic distance
is
3
a) 400pm b) 800pm c) 3 × 100pm d) × 400pm
2
11. A solid compound XY has NaCl structure. if the radius of the cation is 100pm , the
radius of the anion will be
0.732 0.414
a) 100 b) c) 100 × 0.414 d)
0.414 100 100
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12. The vacant space in bcc lattice unit cell is
a) 48% b) 23% c) 32% d) 26%
13. The radius of an atom is 300pm, if it crystallizes in a face centered cubic lattice, the
length of the edge of the unit cell is
a) 488.5pm b) 848.5pm c) 884.5pm d) 484.5pm
14. The fraction of total volume occupied by the atoms in a simple cubic is
π π π π
a) b) c) 4 d)
4 2 6 3 2
15. The yellow colour in NaCl crystal is due to
a) excitation of electrons in F centers
b) reflection of light from Cl- ion on the surface
c) refraction of light from Na+ ion
d) all of the above
16. if ‘a’ stands for the edge length of the cubic system; sc , bcc, and fcc. Then the ratio of
radii of spheres in these systems will be respectively.
1 3 2
a) a :
2 2
a: a
2
b) ( 1a : 3a : 2a )
1 3 1 1 1
c) a : a: a d) a : 3a : a
2 4 2 2 2 2
17. If ‘a’ is the length of the side of the cube, the distance between the body centered atom
and one corner atom in the cube will be
2 4
a) a b) a
3 3
3 3
c) a d) a
4 2
18. Potassium has a bcc structure with nearest neighbor distance 4.52 A0 . its atomic weight
is 39. its density will be
a) 915 kg m-3 b) 2142 kg m-3 c) 452 kg m-3 d) 390 kg m-3
19. Schottky defect in a crystal is observed when
a) unequal number of anions and cations are missing from the lattice
b) equal number of cations and anions are missing from the lattice
c) an ion leaves its normal site and occupies an interstitial site
d) no ion is missing from its lattice.
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X-Ray diffraction analysis is the most powerful tool for the determination of crystal
structure. The inter planar distance (d) between two successive planes of atoms
can be calculated using the following equation form the X-Ray diffraction data
2dsinθ = nλ
The structure of an ionic compound depends upon the stoichiometry and the
size of the [Link] in ionic crystals the bigger anions are present in the
close packed arrangements and the cations occupy the voids. The ratio of radius
rC+
of cation and anion plays an important role in determining the structure
r
A
−
Crystals always found to have some defects in the arrangement of their constituent
particles.
Schottky defect arises due to the missing of equal number of cations and anions
from the crystal lattice.
Frenkel defect arises due to the dislocation of ions from its crystal lattice. The ion
which is missing from the lattice point occupies an interstitial position.
Metal excess defect arises due to the presence of more number of metal ions as
compared to anions.
Metal deficiency defect arises due to the presence of less number of cations than
the anions.
EVALUATION
Choose the best answer:
1. Graphite and diamond are
a) Covalent and molecular crystals b) ionic and covalent crystals
c) both covalent crystals d) both molecular crystals
2. An ionic compound AxBy crystallizes in fcc type crystal structure with B ions at the
centre of each face and A ion occupying corners of the cube. the correct formula of
AxBy is
a) AB b) AB3
c) A3B d) A8B6
3. The ratio of close packed atoms to tetrahedral hole in cubic packing is
a) 1:1 b) 1:2
c) 2:1 d) 1:4
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20. The cation leaves its normal position in the crystal and moves to some interstitial
position, the defect in the crystal is known as
a) Schottky defect b) F center
c) Frenkel defect d) non-stoichiometric defect
21. Assertion: due to Frenkel defect, density of the crystalline solid decreases.
Reason: in Frenkel defect cation and anion leaves the crystal.
a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
d) Both assertion and reason are false
22. The crystal with a metal deficiency defect is
a) NaCl b) FeO
c) ZnO d) KCl
23. A two dimensional solid pattern formed by two different atoms X and Y is shown
below. The black and white squares represent atoms X and Y respectively. the simplest
formula for the compound based on the unit cell from the pattern is
a) XY8 b) X4Y9
c) XY2 d) XY4
Answer the following questions:
1. Define unit cell.
2. Give any three characteristics of ionic crystals.
3. Differentiate crystalline solids and amorphous solids.
4. Classify the following solids
a. P4 b. Brass c. diamond d. NaCl e. Iodine
5. Explain briefly seven types of unit cell.
6. Distinguish between hexagonal close packing and cubic close packing.
7. Distinguish tetrahedral and octahedral voids.
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