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CHAPTER 5: The Effects of
Using IT
Exam-style questions:
1) The use of microprocessor-controlled devices in the home affects an
individual’s leisure time, social interaction and the need to leave the home.
a- Give three advantages to the individual when microprocessor-controlled
devices are used in the home. [3]
1. There is no longer a need to stay home while food is cooking or clothes
v are being washed.
2. It is possible to control ovens and automatic washing machines, for
example, using smartphones– a web-enabled phone allows devices to be
switched on or off while the owner is out.
3. Automated burglar alarms give people a sense of security and well-being
as they give a very sophisticated level of intruder warning at all times.
b- Give three disadvantages to the individual when microprocessor-controlled
devices are used in the home. [3]
1. Labour-saving devices can lead to unhealthy lifestyles (because of the
v lack of exercise) – people can become less fit if they just lie around at
home while the devices carry out many of the previous manual tasks.
2. They tend to make people rather lazy because there is a dependence on
the devices.
3. There is a potential to lose household skills.
2) You use a computer to do your homework. You are concerned about the
health issues of using a computer. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages
of different methods you could use to help minimise the health problems of
using the computer. [6]
To reduce health problems when using a computer for homework, several
methods can be used. Adjustable chairs and footrests help maintain good
v posture and prevent back and neck strain, though they can be expensive.
Using a wrist rest or ergonomic keyboard reduces the risk of repetitive strain
injury (RSI), and voice-activated software can also help, but it may not be
practical in noisy environments. To prevent eyestrain and headaches, it is
helpful to take regular breaks, use anti-glare screens, and ensure correct
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lighting, although this may require extra equipment or changes to the room
setup. Overall, while some solutions may be costly, simple actions like taking
breaks and sitting correctly can be effective and easy to implement.
3)
a- There are potential security issues when using microprocessor-controlled
devices in the home. Describe these issues and explain how they can be
mitigated. [4]
Microprocessor-controlled devices in the home can pose security risks,
v
especially when connected to the internet. Hackers can access these devices if
they have default or no passwords, allowing them to steal personal data such
as holiday dates or even credit card information from smart fridges that order
food online. This could lead to break-ins or identity theft. To reduce these risks,
users should set strong, unique passwords for each device and regularly install
software updates, which often include important security improvements.
b- Indicate which of the following statements are True or False by ticking (✓)
the appropriate box. [5]
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4) Five statements are shown on the left and eleven ICT terms on the right.
Draw arrows to connect each statement to its correct term. [5]
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5) a- Describe the advantages of having major roads controlled and monitored
by smart road signs. [3]
Smart road signs help reduce traffic congestion by constantly adapting to
traffic conditions, which minimises journey times. They also improve road
v safety by responding quickly to accidents or delays and redirecting traffic when
needed. In addition, they can automatically detect and penalise traffic offences
using systems like ANPR, making roads more secure and efficient.
b- Describe the risks of having smart road signs under computer control. [3]
There are several risks to having smart road signs under computer control. If a
v hacker gains access, they could change the signs and cause confusion or
accidents, creating serious safety risks. A system failure could also bring the
entire road network to a standstill. Additionally, if the system is poorly
designed, it may not respond correctly in emergencies, which could lead to
dangerous situations on the road.
