PYTHON
HIGH-LEVEL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
Provides abstraction from the details of the computer
Does most of the work in communicating with the computer
The code is intuitive and easy to understand
Python is an object-oriented programming (OOP) language which means it's organized around objects rather
than actions.
Interpreted programming language ( which means it does not need to be compiled or converted from one language
to another. Python is interpreted by a Python interpreter)
An open-source programming language (which means it's free. Python is powerful, flexible, and intuitive. There are
many libraries and resources available online)
NOTE: This means that sometimes it's difficult to debug your Python programs. So don't make the mistake of typing out
large chunks of code and not testing it at all.
USAGE: Python can be used for artificial intelligence, machine learning, natural language processing, web development,
data analysis and visualization, game programming, desktop GUIs, and many other purposes.
PRINTS
DATA TYPES
TYPE of Input/Output
ARITHMETIC OPERATORS
+ Addition
- Subtraction
* Multiplication
/ Division
DIVISIONS
Boolean value of Comparison
Boolean value
Bool value > 0 is always TRUE
COMPARISION OPERATORS
STRINGS
The backslash is an escape character. It's telling Python, this single quote is to be treated as an ordinary character
and not something that's enclosing the string.
CASTING
Hence cast the integer to str and then using concatenation as shown below
Str concatenated with Boolean
VARIABLE
Variable Substitution
Combining Variables
User input to variables
If…elif…else
Multiple IFs
Name Error
Type Error
Value Error
Functions
Passing value as Function parameter
Lists
Most common data structure
Mutable -after defined the individual elements can be changed
Specify, separated values in between square brackets[].
The values included may not be the same type.
Each item in the list is a signed index value, starting with zero.
FOR LOOP
Iterated over the list
Iterate over the strings
Iterate over string
Exercise
Append lists using functions
1) Extend
Updating LISTS
WHILE LOOP
Some String Functions
Here are some useful built-in string methods:
string.capitalize() – capitalizes first letter of string
string.startswith(prefix) – determines if string starts with prefix
string.endswith(suffix) – determines if string ends with suffix
string.isupper() – determines if all characters in the string are uppercase
string.islower() – determines if all characters in the string are lowercase
string.find(str) – determines if str occurs in string
string.index(str) – determines index of str in string
string.replace(old, new) – replaces all occurrences of old in string with new
string.strip() – trims whitespace from beginning and end of string
string.upper() - returns uppercased string from given string
string.lower() - returns lowercased string from given string
All strings have these built-in methods!
OPEN AND READ FILES
