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IUPAC Naming Rules Inorganic Compounds

The document outlines IUPAC naming rules for inorganic compounds, emphasizing the order of naming cations and anions, the use of Roman numerals for variable oxidation states, and specific suffixes for anions. It also details the naming conventions for covalent compounds, oxyanions, acids, hydrates, and coordination compounds. These rules provide a systematic approach to naming various types of inorganic substances.

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81 views2 pages

IUPAC Naming Rules Inorganic Compounds

The document outlines IUPAC naming rules for inorganic compounds, emphasizing the order of naming cations and anions, the use of Roman numerals for variable oxidation states, and specific suffixes for anions. It also details the naming conventions for covalent compounds, oxyanions, acids, hydrates, and coordination compounds. These rules provide a systematic approach to naming various types of inorganic substances.

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meghathakur2005
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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IUPAC Naming Rules for Inorganic Compounds

1. Name the Cation First, Then the Anion

Cation (positive ion) is always named before the anion (negative ion).

Example: NaCl = Sodium chloride

2. Use Roman Numerals for Variable Oxidation States

For transition metals and other elements with multiple oxidation states, use Roman numerals.

Example: FeCl2 = Iron(II) chloride, FeCl3 = Iron(III) chloride

3. Use -ide for Simple Anions

Monatomic anions (single atoms with a negative charge) end with -ide.

Examples: Cl- = Chloride, O2- = Oxide, N3- = Nitride

4. Use Prefixes for Covalent Compounds

When nonmetals combine, use prefixes to show the number of atoms.

CO = Carbon monoxide, CO2 = Carbon dioxide

Prefixes: mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-, etc.

5. Oxyanions: -ate vs. -ite

-ate for more oxygen, -ite for less.

Examples: NO3- = Nitrate, NO2- = Nitrite

SO4 2- = Sulfate, SO3 2- = Sulfite

6. Hypo- and Per- for Extreme Oxyanions

Used when more than two oxyanions exist.

ClO- = Hypochlorite

ClO2- = Chlorite

ClO3- = Chlorate

ClO4- = Perchlorate
7. Acids Naming Rules

Binary acids (H + nonmetal): Hydro- + base name + -ic acid

HCl = Hydrochloric acid

Oxyacids:

-ate = -ic acid (H2SO4 = Sulfuric acid)

-ite = -ous acid (H2SO3 = Sulfurous acid)

8. Hydrates Naming

Add the word 'hydrate' with a prefix for the number of water molecules.

CuSO4·5H2O = Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate

9. Coordination Compounds

Ligands named alphabetically before the metal. Anionic ligands end in -o.

Metal oxidation number in Roman numerals.

Complex anion: metal name ends in -ate.

Examples:

[Cu(NH3)4]2+ = Tetraamminecopper(II) ion

[Fe(CN)6]3- = Hexacyanoferrate(III) ion

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