EVIDENCE – Prof. R. A. Vinluan | First Semester, A.Y.

2010-2011 Page 1 of 10

UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

College of Law
Diliman, Quezon City

EVIDENCE
Prof. Rogelio A. Vinluan
1stSemester, AY 2010-2011

COURSE SYLLABUS
(2009-2010 Edition)

I. Admissibility of Evidence
A. Rule 128, Sections 1-4

Reyes v. Court of Appeals 216 SCRA 25 (1993)

People v. Turco 337 SCRA 714 (2000)

B. Relevance
Rule 128, Sections 3 and 4

Bautista v. Aperece 51 O.G. 805 (1995)

2. Lopez v. Heesen 365 P.2d 448 (1961)
3. State v. Ball 339 S.W2d 783 (1960)

C. Competence
Rule 128, Section 3

1. Exclusionary Rules under the 1987 Constitution, e.g.,

a. Sections 2 and 3, Art. III

b. Section 12, Article III
c. Section 17, Article III

2. Statutory Rules of Exclusion, e.g.,

a. Section 201, Tax Reform Act of 1997

b. R.A. 1405, Law on Secrecy of Bank Deposits
c. R.A. 4200, Wiretapping Act

i. Ganaan v. IAC 145 SCRA 112 (1986)

Salcedo-Ortanez v. CA 235 SCRA 111 (1994)
iii. Ramirez v. CA 248 SCRA 590 (1995)

II. What Need Not Be Proved

A. Rule 129, Sections 1-4

Rule 10, Section 8

B. Cases:

Judicial Notice

a. City of Manila v. Garcia 19 SCRA 413 (1967)

Baguio v. Vda. de Jalagat 42 SCRA 337 (1971)
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c. Prieto v. Arroyo 14 SCRA 549 (1965)

Yao-Kee v. Sy-Gonzales 167 SCRA 736 (1988)
e. Tabuena v. CA 196 SCRA 650 (1991)
People v. Godoy 250 SCRA 676 (1995)
g. BPI-Savings v. CTA 330 SCRA 507 (2000)

2. Judicial Admissions

Lucido v. Calupitan 27 Phil. 48 (1914)

b. Torres v. CA 131 SCRA 24 (1984)

III. Real and Demonstrative Evidence

A. Rule 130, Sections 1 and 2

B. Cases:

People vs. Bardaje 99 SCRA 388 (1980)

Sison v. People 256 SCRA 58 (1995)
Adamczuk v. Holloway 13 A.2d 2 (1940)
State v. Tatum 360 P.2d 754 (1961)

IV. Best Evidence Rule

A. Rule 130, Sections 2-8;
Rule 132, Sections 25 and 27;
Electronic Commerce Act (R.A. 8792), Sections 5-15;
Rules on Electronic Evidence (REE), Rule 2, Section 1; Rule 3; Rule 4

B. Cases:

1. Air France v. Carrascoso 18 SCRA 155 (1966)

2. Meyers v. United States 171 F.2d 800 (1948)
People v. Tan 105 Phil. 1242 (1959)
4. Seiler v. Lucas Film, Ltd. 797 F.2d 1504 (1986)
5. People v. Tandoy 192 SCRA 98 (1990)
6. U.S. v. Gregorio 17 Phil. 522 (1910)
Fiscal of Pampanga v. Reyes 55 Phil 905 (1931)
8. Mrs. Corpus v. Brabangco (C.A.) 59 O.G. 8262(1963)
9. Maritime Company v. Allied Free Workers 77 SCRA 24 (1977)
10. Villa Rey Transit v. Ferrer 25 SCRA 845 (1968)
Michael & Co. v. Enriquez 33 Phil. 87 (1915)
De Vera v. Aguilar 218 SCRA 602 (1983)

V. Parole Evidence Rule

A. Rule 130, Section 9;
Article 1403, Civil Code

B. Cases:

Enriquez v. Ramos 6 SCRA 219 (1962)

Canute v. Mariano 37 Phil. 840 (1918)
Yu Tek v. Gonzales 29 Phil. 384 (1915)
4. Land Settlement & Dev. Corp v. 7 SCRA 750 (1963)
Garcia Plantation
5. Maulini v. Serrano 28 Phil. 640 (1914)
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6. PNB v. Seeto 91 Phil. 756 (1952)

Woodhouse v. Halili 93 Phil. 526 (1953)
8. Robles v. Lizarraga Cruz 50 Phil. 387 (1927)
9. Cruz v. Court of Appeals 192 SCRA 209 (1990)
10. Lettuce v. CA 143 SCRA 335 (1986)
11. Inciong v. CA 257 SCRA 578 (1996)
12. Ortanez v. CA 266 SCRA 561 (1997)

VI. Interpretation of Documents

A. Rule 130, Sections 10-19;
Articles 1370-1379, Civil Code

B. Cases:

Lambert v. Fox 26 Phil. 588 (1914)

2. Capital Insurance v. Sadang 21 SCRA 1183 (1967)

VII. Qualifications of Witnesses

A. Mental Incapacity or Immaturity
Rule 130, Sections 20 and 21

People v. De Jesus 129 SCRA 4 (1984)

People v. Salomon 229 SCRA 402 (1993)
3. People v. Mendoza G.R. No. 113791, Feb. 2, 1996

B. Marital Disqualification
Rule 130, Section 22

Ordono v. Daquigan 62 SCRA 270 (1975)

2. People v. Castaneda 88 SCRA 562 (1979)
3. People v. Francisco 78 Phil. 694 (1947)
Lezama v. Rodriguez 23 SCRA 1166 (1968)

C. Dead Man's Statute

Rule 130, Section 23

Guerrero v. St. Claire's Realty & Co. 124 SCRA 553 (1983)
Abraham v. Recto-Kasten 4 SCRA 298 (1962)
3. Goñi v. CA 144 SCRA 222 (1986)
Tongco v. Vianzon 50 Phil. 698 (1927)
5. Lichauco v. Atlantic Gulf 84 Phil. 330 (1949)
6. Razon v. IAC 207 SCRA 234 (1992)

VIII. Privileged Communications

A. Marital Communications
Rule 130, Section 24 (a)

People v. Carlos 47 Phil. 626 (1925)

B. Attorney-Client Privilege
Rule 130, Section 24 (b)

1. Uy Chico v. Union Life 29 Phil. 163 (1915)

Regala v. Sandiganbayan 262 SCRA 124
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3. Barton v. Leyte Asphalt & Mineral Oil Co.

46 Phil. 938 (1924)
4. Orient Insurance v. Revilla 54 Phil. 919 (1930)
5. Hickman v. Taylor 329 U.S. 495 (1947)
6. Upjohn Company v. U.S. 449 U.S. 383 (1981)
7. In re Grand Jury Investigation 723 F.2d 447 (1983)
8. U.S. v. McPartlin 595 F.2d 1321 (7th Cir. 1979)
9. U.S. v. Gordon-Nikkar 518 F.2d 972 (5th Cir. 1975)
10. U.S. v. Nobles 422 US 225 (1975)
People v. Sandiganbayan 275 SCRA 505 (1997)

C. Physician-Patient Privilege
Rule 130, Section 24 (c)

Lim v. Court of Appeals 214 SCRA 273 (1992)

2. Krohn v. Court of Appeals 233 SCRA 146 (1994)

D. State Secrets
Rule 130, Section 24 (e)

1. U.S. v. Nixon (A.B.) 418 U.S. 683 (1974)

2. Filipino Bank v. Monetary Board 142 SCRA 523 (1986)
Neri v. Senate Committee on Accountability of G.R. No. 180643 (2008)
Public Officers and Investigations

E. Parental and Filial Privilege

Rule 130, Section 25;
Article 215, Civil Code

People v. Publico 17 CAR (2s) 703 (1972)

F. Newsman's Privilege
R.A. 53, as amended by R.A. 1477

Matter of Farber (A.B.) 394 A.2d 330 (1978)

G. Priest-Penitent Privilege
Rule 130, Section 25

IX. Admissions and Confessions

A. Admissions
Rule 130, Sections 26 and 32

Via Crucis v. CA 44 SCRA 176 (1972)

Keller & Co. v. COB 141 SCRA 86 (1986)
People v. Paragsa 84 SCRA 105 (1978)
4. People v. Alegre 94 SCRA 109 (1979)
5. Griffin v. California 380 U.S. 853 (1965)

B. Compromises
Rule 130, Section 27

Veradero v. Insular Lumber 46 Phil. 176 (1924)

U.S. v. Torres 34 Phil. 994 (1916)
3. People v. Godoy 250 SCRA 676 (1995)
People v. De Guzman 265 SCRA 228 (1996)
5. People v. Yparraguirre 268 SCRA 35 (1997)
People v. Maqui 27 Phil. 97 (1914)
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C. Res Inter Alios Acta

Rule 130, Section 28

People v. Alegre 94 Supreme Court Reports Annotated 109 (1979)

People v. Raquel 265 SCRA 248 (1996)

D. Exceptions to the Res Inter Alios Acta Rule

Partner's/Agent's Admissions
Rule 130, Section 28

a. Mahlandt v. Wild Canid Survival & Research Center 588 F.2d 626 (8th Cir. 198)

2. Co-conspirator's Statements
Rule 130, Section 30

a. People v. Cabrera 57 SCRA 715 (1974)

b. People v. Yatco 97 Phil. 941 (1955)
c. People v. Chaw Yaw Shun 23 SCRA 127 (1968)
d. People v. Serrano 105 Phil. 531 (1959)

3. Admission by Privies
Rule 130, Section 31

Alpuerto v. Pastor 38 Phil. 785 (1918)

b. City of Manila v. Del Rosario 5 Phil. 227 (1905)

E. Confessions

Article III, Section 17, 1987 Constitution;

Rule 130, Section 33;
Rule 115 (e)

2. Cases:

a. People v. Compil 244 SCRA 135 (1995)

b. People v. Wong Chuen Ming 256 SCRA 182 (1996)
c. People v. Alegre 94 SCRA 109 (1979)
d. People v. Yip Wai Ming 264 SCRA 224 (1996)
e. People v. Maqueda 242 SCRA 565 (1995)
Parker v. Randolph 442 U.S. 62 (1979)

X. Conduct and Character As Evidence

A. Rule 130, Sections 34-35; 51;
Rule 132, Section 14

B. Cases:

U.S. v. Pineda 37 Phil. 457 (1918)

People v. Irang 64 Phil. 285 (1937)
3. People v. Soliman 53 O.G. 8083 (1957)
People v. Babiera 52 Phil. 97 (1928)
U.S. v. Mercado 26 Phil. 127 (1913)
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XI. Hearsay Rule

A. Testimonial Knowledge
Rule 130, Section 36

People v. Brioso 37 SCRA 336 (1971)

2. People v. Cusi 14 SCRA 944 (1965)
People v. Gaddi 170 SCRA 649 (1989)
Leake v. Hagert 175 N.W.2d 675 (1970)
5. U.S. v. Zenni 492 F. Supp. 464 (1980)
6. Road in the Desert (MR) G.R. No. 146710, April 3, 2001

B. Exceptions

1. Dying Declaration
Rule 130, Section 37

a. People v. Laquinon 135 SCRA 91 (1985)

People v. Sabio 102 SCRA 218 (1981)
c. People v. Salison G.R. No. L-115690, Feb. 20, 1996

2. Declaration Against Interest

Rule 130, Section 38

a. People v. Majuri 96 SCRA 472 (1980)

b. People v. Toledo 51 Phil. 825 (1928)
c. Fuentes v. CA 253 SCRA 430 (1996)

3. Pedigree
Rule 130, Section 39

Recorder v. Mamigo 20 SCRA 742 (1967)

People v. Alegado 201 SCRA 37 (1991)
c. Tison v. CA 276 SCRA 582 (1997)

4. Family Tradition
Rule 130, Section 40

a. Ferrer v. de Ynchausti 38 Phil. 905 (1918)

5. Common Reputation
Rule 130, Section 41

a. Ferrer v. De Ichausti 38 Phil 905 (1918)

b. City of Manila v. Del Rosario 5 Phil 227(1905)

6. Deeds Accomplished

Rule 130, Section 42

People v. Lungayan 162 SCRA 100 (1988)

b. People v. Putian 74 SCRA 133 (1976)
c. People v. Tolentino 218 SCRA 337 (1993)

7. Entries in the Course of Business

Rule 130, Section 42

a. Palmer v. Hoffman 318 U.S. 109 (1943)

b. Philamlife v. Capital Assurance Corp. 72 O.G. 3941
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8. Official Records
Rule 130, Section 44

Caltex v. Africa 16 SCRA 448 (1966)

b. People v. Leones 117 SCRA 382 (1982)
c. Manalo v. Robles Trans. Co., Inc. 99 Phil. 729 (1956)
d. People v. Cabuang 217 SCRA 675 (1993)
People v. Gabriel G.R. No. L-107735, Feb. 1, 1996

9. Commercial Lists
Rule 130, Section 45

a. State v. Lungsford 400 A.2d 843 (1979)

b. PNOC Shipping v. CA 299 SCRA 402 (1999)
c. Estrada v. Noble [C.A.] 49 O.G. 139

10. Learned Treatises

Rule 130, Section 46

11. Prior Testimony

Rule 130, Section 47

Tan v. CA 20 SCRA 54 (1967)

b. Ohio v. Roberts 448 U.S. 56 (1980)

XII. Opinion Rule

A. Rule 130, Sections 48-50

B. Cases:

Dilag & Co. v. Merced 45 O.G. 5536 (1949)

2. U.S. v. Trono 3 Phil. 213 (1904)
People v. Adoviso 309 SCRA 1 (1999)
State v. Carver 225 P.2d 771 (1950)
5. U.S. v. Stifel 433 F.2d 431 (6th Cir. 1970)
Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals 113 S. Ct. 2786 (1993)
7. United States v. Bonds 12 F.3d 540 (1993)

XIII. Burden of Proof and Presumptions

A. Rule 131, Sections 1-4.

B. Cases:

Civil Cases

a. Pornellosa v. LTA L-14040, Jan. 31, 1986

b. IFC v. Tobias 78 SCRA 28 (1977)

Criminal Cases

People v. Pajenado 31 SCRA 812 (1977)

b. U.S. v. Dube 520 F.2d 250 (1st Or. 1975)
c. People v. Verzola 80 SCRA 600 (1977)
d. Patterson v. New York 432 U.S. 19
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3. Presumptions

a. Pascual v. Angeles 4 Phil. 604 (1905)

Ormachea v. Trillana 13 Phil. 194 (1909)
c. People v. Padiernos 69 SCRA 484 (1976)
d. Yee Hem v. United States 268 U.S. 178
e. County Court of Ulster City v. Alien 442 U.S. 140 (1979)
f. Sandstrom v. Montana 442 U.S. 510 (1979)

XIV. Presentation of Evidence

A. Examination of Witnesses
Rule 132, Sections 1-18

B. Rule on Examination of a Child Witness

C. REE, Rule 10

Examination in Open Court

People v. Estenzo 72 SCRA 428 (1976)

b. Galman v. Pamaran 138 SCRA 294 (1985)

2. Leading Questions

State v. Scott 149 P2d 152 (1944)

3. Impeaching One's Own Witness

a. Becker v. Eisenstodt 158 A.2d 706 (1960)

4. Cross-Examination

Dela Paz v. IAC 154 SCRA 65 (1987)

b. Fulgado v. CA 182 SCRA 81 (1982)
c. Capital Subdivision v. Negros Occidental 52 O.G. 4672 (1956)
d. U.S. v. Mercado 26 Phil. 127 (1913)
e. U.S. v. Marshall 762 F.2d 419 (5th Or. 1985)

5. Impeachment by Bias

U.S. v. Abel 469 U.S. 45

U.S. v. Harvey 547 F.2d 720 (2d Or. 1976)

6. Impeachment by Prior Inconsistent Statement

a. Villalon v. IAC 144 SCRA 443 (1986)

People v. Resabal 50 Phil. 780 (1927)
c. U.S. v. Webster 734 F.2d 1191 (7th Cir. 1984)

7. Impeachment, by Other Means

a. U.S. v. Mercado 20 Phil. 127 (1913)

b. Mosley v. Commonwealth 420 SW2d 679 (1967)
Coles v. Harsh 276 P. 248 (1929)
d. U.S. v. Medical Therapy Services 583 F..2d 36 (2d Cir. 1978)
e. Newton v. State 127 A. 123 (Md. 1924)
f. State v. Oswalt 381 P. 2d 617 (1963)
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Refreshing Recollection

a. State v. Peoples 319 S.E.2d 177 (1984)

9. Recalling Witnesses

a. People v. Del Castillo 25 SCRA 716 (1968)

b. Victorias Milling Co., Inc. v Ong Su 79 SCRA 207 (1977)
People v. Rivera 200 SCRA 786 (1991)

10. Exclusion of Witnesses

People v. Sandal 54 Phil. 883 (1930)

State v. Bishop 492 P2d 509 (1972)

D. Authentication and Proof of Documents

Rule 132, Sections 19-33;

E-Commerce Act, Section 6-15;
REE, Rules 5, 6, 9, and 11

2. Cases:

Bunag v. CA 158 SCRA 299 (1988)

b. Heirs of Lacsa v. CA 197 SCRA 234 (1991)
c. Bartolome v. IAC 183 SCRA 102 (1990)
d. Pacific Asia Overseas Shipping Corp. v. NLRC
161 SCRA 122 (1988)
e. Zalamea v. Court of Appeals 228 SCRA 23 (1993)
People v. Monleon 74 SCRA 263 (1976)
g. Salison v. People 253 SCRA 758 (1996)
h. People v. Lazaro 317 SCRA 435 (1999)
i. People v. Burgos 200 SCRA 67 (1991)
j. IBM Phils., Inc. v. NLRC 305 SCRA 592 (1999)
k. U.S. v. Russo 480 F.2d 1228 (6th Cir. 1973)
U.S. v. Croft 750 F.2d 1354 (CA Wis. 1984)
m. U.S. v. Weatherspoon 581 F.2d 595 (7th Cir. 1978)
n. Perma Research v. Singer Co. 542 F.2d 111 (2nd Cir. 1976)

E. Offer and Objection

1. Rule 132, Sections 34-40

2. Cases:

a. People v. Cariño 165 SCRA 664 (1988)

Interpacific Transit v. Aviles 186 SCRA 385 (1990)
c. De los Reyes v. IAC 176 SCRA 394 (1989)
d. People v. Yatco 97 Phil. 940 (1955)
PHILAMGEN v. Sweet Lines, Inc. 212 SCRA 194 (1992)
f. Catuira v. CA G.R. No. 105813, Sept. 12, 1994
g. Sheraton Palace v. Quijano (C.A.) 64 O.G. 9116
Mrs. Onate v. Court of Appeals 250 SCRA 283 (1995)
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XV. Weight and Sufficiency of Evidence

A. Rule 133, Sections 1-7

B. REE, Rule 7

C. Cases:

U.S. v. Lasada 18 Phil. 90 (1910)

People v. Abendan 82 Phil. 711 (1948)
People v. Solayao 262 SCRA 255 (1996)
People v. Lorenzo 240 SCRA 624 (1995)