‘A’ LEVEL MARKING GUIDE

AGRICULTURE
Paper 3

1. (a) Specimen A is a concentrate feed given to laying birds to improve

laying.
Observe and smell specimen A and identify from specimens C, D, E,
F and G those that constitute A.
(02 marks)

Specimen B = e any 4 ½ @ = 4 x ½ = 2 marks

C/D e
E=e
F=e
G=e

(b) Give one reason for including each of the specimen identified in 1(a)
above in constituting the feed. (04 marks)
B = provides energy that can be used in many body functions
C/D = provides proteins needed in egg formation / growth / body repair
E = provides proteins needed in egg formation / growth / body repair
F = provides minerals needed in egg formation / strengthening of bones
G = provides vitamins for health growth and being
Any 4 1 mark @ 4 x 1 = 4 marks

(c) (i) Identify any four specimens from B,C, D, E, F and G that you
may include in dairy meal. (02 marks)
B=e
C/D = e
F=e
D=e 4 x ½ = 2 marks
(ii) Suggest the reasons for including each of the specimen in dairy
meal. (04 marks)
Turn Over
 B = provides energy or used in milk synthesis
C = provides proteins for milk synthesis / growth and repair
C= provides proteins for milk synthesis or grwothof repair
F = provides minerals needed in strengthening of bones / synthesis of
milk 4 x ½ marks)

2. (a) To 10cm3 of soil sample H in a measuring cylinder add 1 spatula

endful of Barium sulphate followed by 10cm3 of distilled water and
stir the mixture well using a string rod. Allow the mixture settle and decant
the clear solution into a clean test tube. Add 4 drops of universal indicator
to the solutions, observe the changes and record the pH of the solution.
(i) Observation. (01 mark)

A green / light green ring is formed on the upper surface of the clear solution.
(NB: Red – 1, Pink – 2, Orange – 3, Beige – 4, Yellow – 5, Lime green /light green
– 6, Green – 7, Dark green – 8, Turquoise / light blue - 9, pale blue = 10, blue –
11, dark blue = 12, violet – 13, purple – 14, Pale green – alkali, light green –
acidic.
(ii) pH of H solution. ( ½ mark)

its slightly acidic or its neutral

(b) Repeat the above procedure in 2 (a) for specimens I.

(i) I

A yellow or light green ring is formed on top of a clear solution

(ii) pH of I solution.

Its slightly acidic

(c) To 10cm3 of specimen H on a petri dish, add 10cm3 of specimen J and

mix the two thoroughly. Add 1 spatula endful of Barium sulphate to

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 the mixture and pour the mixture in a clean measuring cylinder. Add
12cm3 distilled water and shake the mixture. Allow the mixture to
settle and decant the clear solution into a clean test tube. Add 4 drops
of universal indicator to the solution and record the observations and
corresponding pH.
(i) Observation. (
A light green / lime green / yellow portion / ring / part forms in
surface solution.

(ii) pH of solution. ( ½ mark)

Acidic
(iii) Explain the effect of specimen J on soil sample H. (1 mark)
It lowers the pH of the soil / increases acidity of soil.

(d) Repeat the same procedure in 2(c) on soil sample I while replacing J
with K.
(i) Observation.
Solution turns yellow or orange

(ii) pH of solution. (½ mark)

Acidic

(iii)Explain the significance of the experiment in 2(a) and 2(c) to a

farmer.
- Helps the farmer to decide on which crop to produce
- Guides a farmer in finding which type of soil amendment is needed

3. (a) Specimens N, O, P and Q can be used to make specimen M. Explain

the role played by each in making specimen M.

N - Provides the herbage for making M

O - Increases the nitrogen / nutrient content of M
P - provides energy to the microbe during fermentation
Q - provides herbage for making M

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 (b) Between specimens N and Q which one is more suitable for making
M and why?

N - provides much more nutritious herbage for making M

than N
Its more succulent hence making good quality M
(c) (i) What makes it hard for most farmers to use specimen M to feed
dairy cattle. (02 marks)
- M can taint milk with its smell
- Making M requires more skills that most farmers do not have
- Materials (herbage) for making can be used as human food which farmers
cannot easily give to feeding animals .
- Materials (herbage) for making can be used as human food which farmers
can not easily give to feeding animals
- Making M requires more time which discourages farmers.
Any 2 1 mark @ 2 x 1 = 2 marks

(ii) How is specimen Q adapted to its environment? (02 marks)

- Has fibrous root system that utilizes or uses the little available soil moisture
on soil surface.
- Produce numerous seeds for increasing chance of survival.
Any 2 1 mark 2 x 1= 2 marks

4. (a) Specimens R, S, T and U are farm structures that are important in

livestock management. State one importance of each. (04 marks)

R : Chicken draw feeds / feed from it

S : Chicken draw water / drink water from it.
T : It houses bees / colony / provides shelter to fees.
U : Birds / chicken lay eggs in it / protects the eggs laid by chicken

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 (b) Describe one feature that makes each suitable for its function.

R : Made up of wood which is light to lift

 Has a handle that provides group when lifting it
 Has a container that holds or keeps feeds
S : Has a water container that holds water
T : Has a top cover that prevents water entry into the hive
 Has bee entrance to allow entry and exit of bees
 Has top bars on which bees build combs
U : Has litter or straw that prevents breakage of eggs.

5. (a) Specimens V, W, X, Y and Z are farm tools and equipment. Identify

each.

V : Cross cut saw / rip saw

W : Pruning saw
X : Forked hive
Y : Rake
Z : Hand hoe

(b) Describe the differences between V and W, X and Y, X and Z.

V and W
W has a curved blade while V has a straight blade
V is big while W is small in size. 1 = 1 mark

X and Y
X has big or thick prongs while Y has small prongs
X is heavy in weight Y is light in weight.
X has 3 prong while Y has more prongs

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 X and Z
X has prongs while Z has s flat blade
X has pointed prongs while Z has a sharp edge.

(c) State three reasons for maintaining the above tools and equipment in
a good working condition. (1½ mark)

- To reduce injuries to people using the tools and equipment

- To increase the durability of the tools and equipment
- To increase the efficiency of farm tools and equipment
- To reduce the costs of increased repair of damaged tools
- To increase their resale value
Any 3 1/2 @ 3 x ½ = 1 ½

(d) Explain the role played by X, Y and Z during the preparation of a

seed bed.

- X digs the site deep to remove rhizomes and loosen tehsoil

- Y removes rhizomes, big soil clods and plant roots from the seed bed to
make it smooth
- Z removes surface weeds from site and raises soil to improve aeration and
drainage
- Digs holes in which seeds or seedlings are to be planted

END