311/1
HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT
PAPER 1
Time: 2 ½ HOURS
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education
311/1
HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT
PAPER 1
Time: 2 ½ HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES.
a) This paper consists of THREE sections: A, B, and C.
b) Answer ALL the questions in section A, THREE questions from section B and TWO questions
from section C.
c) Answers to all the questions must be clearly written in the answer sheets provided.
This paper consists of 2 printed pages.
Candidates should check the question paper to ensure that all pages are printed as indicated
and no questions are missing.
SECTION A (25MARKS)
Answer ALL the question in this section in the answers Booklet provided
1
1. Give two limitations of linguistics as a source of information on history and government. (2mks)
2. Name one Community in Kenya that belongs to the Highland Nilotes. (1mk)
3. State two economic activities of the Akamba during the pre-colonial period. (2mks)
4. Give two factors which influenced the Abaluhyia to become crop farmers by the beginning of the
nineteenth century.
5. State two factors which enabled traders from Arabia to come to the coast before 1500 A.D.
(2mks)
6. Give one reason why some Kenyan communities collaborated. (1mk)
7. Give two factors which led to the establishment of urban centres in Kenya during the colonial
period.
8. Identity one reason why Africans in Kenya were not allowed to grow cash crops. (1mk)
9. Give the main reason for the formation of the Taita Hills Association.
10. State two characteristics of independent churches. (2mks)
11. State one grievance which was raised by the Asians in Kenya that was addressed by the
Devonshire White paper
12. State one reason why the 1957 election is important in the History of Kenya. (1mk)
13. State one recommendation of the Lyttleton constitution of 1954.
14. How did the Kenya Federation of Labour improve the welfare of African workers? (1mk)
15. State two roles of the Parliamentary Service Commission . (2mks)
16. State one way in which the Kenya institution of Presidency promotes national unity. (1mk)
17. Identify two sources of the “Nyayo” philosophy. (2mks)
SECTION B ( 45 MARKS)
Answers Any THREE questions from this section in the answers booklet provided
18. a) What factors made the Cushites migrate into Kenya during the pre-colonial period?
(5mks)
b) Describe the political organization of the Somali in Kenya during the Pre- colonial
period. (10mks)
19. a) Give five characteristics of the coastal towns by 1500. (5mks)
b) Explain five factors which led to the decline of the coastal settlements between 1500 and
1700. (10mks)
20. a) Give five reasons why Britain was interested in establishing control over Kenya
during the European scramble for East Africa. (5mks)
b) Explain why Kenyan communities were defeated by the British during the colonial rule.
(10mks)
21 a) What factors undermined African nationalist activities in Kenya between 1939
and 1963? (3mks)
b) Explain six factors which favoured the Mau Mau fighters in the struggle for independence
in Kenya. (12mks)
SECTION C ( 30 MARKS)
Answer any two question from this section in the answer booklet provided.
22. a) Give three features of the independence constitution. (3mks)
b) Explain six parliamentary duties of the President in Kenya. (12mks)
23. a) Identify five categories of prisons in Kenya. (5mks)
b) Explain five roles of the armed forces in Kenya. (10mks)
24. a) Why does the Kenyan government prepare an annual budget? (3mks)
b) Explain six ways in which the government of Kenya spends the money it receives.(12mks)
END
