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Simultaneous Equations - Py

The document contains a Python script implementing the RK4 method for solving a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). It defines two functions representing the ODEs, initializes conditions, and iteratively computes the solutions while storing them in lists. The script also includes plotting functionality to compare the numerical solutions with exact solutions visually.

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bikalpab30
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4 views2 pages

Simultaneous Equations - Py

The document contains a Python script implementing the RK4 method for solving a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). It defines two functions representing the ODEs, initializes conditions, and iteratively computes the solutions while storing them in lists. The script also includes plotting functionality to compare the numerical solutions with exact solutions visually.

Uploaded by

bikalpab30
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

7/1/25, 6:29 AM simultaneous_equations.

py

~\Desktop\lab\simultaneous_equations.py

1 # RK4 Method for System of ODEs


2 # Name: Bigyan Adhikari
3 # Roll No: 080BEL021
4
5 import numpy as np
6 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
7
8 # Define the system of differential equations
9 def f1(x, y, z):
10 return 2*y + z
11
12 def f2(x, y, z):
13 return y - 3*z
14
15 # Initial conditions
16 x0 = 0
17 y0 = 0
18 z0 = 0.5
19
20 # Step size and number of steps
21 h = 0.1
22 n = 20 # From x=0 to x=2
23
24 # Lists to store values
25 x_vals = [x0]
26 y_vals = [y0]
27 z_vals = [z0]
28
29 # RK4 Iteration
30 for _ in range(n):
31 x = x_vals[-1]
32 y = y_vals[-1]
33 z = z_vals[-1]
34
35 k1 = h * f1(x, y, z)
36 l1 = h * f2(x, y, z)
37
38 k2 = h * f1(x + h/2, y + k1/2, z + l1/2)
39 l2 = h * f2(x + h/2, y + k1/2, z + l1/2)
40
41 k3 = h * f1(x + h/2, y + k2/2, z + l2/2)
42 l3 = h * f2(x + h/2, y + k2/2, z + l2/2)
43
44 k4 = h * f1(x + h, y + k3, z + l3)
45 l4 = h * f2(x + h, y + k3, z + l3)
46

localhost:54033/c41705e7-3141-4afb-bf26-e0e6421863b5/ 1/2
7/1/25, 6:29 AM simultaneous_equations.py

47 y_next = y + (k1 + 2*k2 + 2*k3 + k4) / 6


48 z_next = z + (l1 + 2*l2 + 2*l3 + l4) / 6
49
50 x_vals.append(x + h)
51 y_vals.append(y_next)
52 z_vals.append(z_next)
53
54 # Print output table
55 print("x\t\ty\t\tz")
56 for i in range(len(x_vals)):
57 print(f"{x_vals[i]:.4f}\t{y_vals[i]:.4f}\t{z_vals[i]:.4f}")
58
59 # Exact solutions
60 def y_exact(x):
61 return 0.1 * (np.exp(2*x) - np.exp(-3*x))
62
63 def z_exact(x):
64 return 0.1 * (np.exp(2*x) + 4*np.exp(-3*x))
65
66 # Smooth values for exact curves
67 x_exact = np.linspace(x0, x0 + n*h, 500)
68 y_ex = y_exact(x_exact)
69 z_ex = z_exact(x_exact)
70
71 # Plotting
72 plt.figure(figsize=(12, 5))
73
74 plt.subplot(1, 2, 1)
75 plt.plot(x_vals, y_vals, 'bo-', label='RK4 y')
76 plt.plot(x_exact, y_ex, 'r--', label='Exact y')
77 plt.xlabel('x')
78 plt.ylabel('y')
79 plt.title('x vs y')
80 plt.legend()
81 plt.grid(True)
82
83 plt.subplot(1, 2, 2)
84 plt.plot(x_vals, z_vals, 'go-', label='RK4 z')
85 plt.plot(x_exact, z_ex, 'm--', label='Exact z')
86 plt.xlabel('x')
87 plt.ylabel('z')
88 plt.title('x vs z')
89 plt.legend()
90 plt.grid(True)
91
92 plt.suptitle('RK4 Solution vs Exact Solution\nBigyan Adhikari | 080BEL021')
93 plt.tight_layout()
94 plt.show()
95
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