MGT 321Organization and Management 2

BE Computer VIII

Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
Meaning
•Organization:
Arranging
people and
resources to
achieve goals.

Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
 Management
•the process
of
coordinating
resources to
achieve
specific goals
efficiently
and
effectively.

Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
Why Organization and Management in Engineering?

• Lead teams effectively

• Plan and manage complex projects
• Communicate and collaborate better
• Understand how organizations work
• Prepare for leadership roles and career
growth
• It bridges technical skills with managerial
abilities, which is essential in the real-
world engineering field.

Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
 Course Objectives
• Understand and analyze the
professional work
environment.
• Foster attitudinal and
behavioral change.

Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
Course Content
•Introduction 2
•Organization 4
•Motivation and Leadership 6
•Human Resource Management 6
•Introduction to industrial relations 6
•Human Behavior and conflict Management 7

Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
1. Introduction (2 hrs)
1.1 Meaning and concept of management
1.2. Functions of management
1.3. Scope and application of management
1.4. Importance of management

2. Organization (4 hrs)
2.1. Meaning and concept of organization
2.2. Characteristics of organization
2.3. Principles of organization
2.4. Formal and informal organizations
2.5. Organization chart
2.6. Types of organization-line
1. Line and staff
2. Functional and matrix.
2.7. Authority and responsibility and their interrelationships

Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
 3. Motivation and Leadership (6 hrs)
3.1. Concept of motivation
3.2. Incentives
3.3. Theories of motivation: Need hierarchy, Dual Factoral,
Expectancy and Achievement theories
3.4. Leadership styles: Participative management,
Management by objectives, management by exception,
3. 5. Learning organizations

4. Human Resource Management (6 hrs)

4.1. Meaning and functions of human resource management
4.2. Recruitment
4.3. Job analysis, Job specification, Job description
4.4. Elements of compensation
4.5. Human resource development: Training (on the job and off
the job)
4.6. Performance appraisal

Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
5. Introduction to Industrial Relations (6 hrs)
5.1. Meaning of Industrial Relations
5.2. Trade union
1. Collective bargaining
• 2. Trade union movement in Nepal
5.3. Employee grievances
5.4. Employee Discipline
5.5. Employee health and safety
5.6. Compensation and its relation with industry
5.7. Challenges of industrial relations in Nepal
5.8. Methods of improving industrial relations in Nepal

6. Human Behavior and Conflict Management (7 hrs)

6.1. Concept of Human Behavior and Conflict Management
6.2. Types of Conflict Management
6.3. Conflict Management and its impact to the HRM
6.4. Modes of Conflict Management
1. Negotiation
2. Facilitation
3. Mediation
4. Arbitration
5. Legal action
Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
References • 1. Harold Koontz and Heinz
Weihrich, Essentials of
Management
• 2. Govinda Ram Agrawal,
Organization and Management in
Nepal.
• 3. C.B Mamoria, Personnel
Management
• 4. Fred Luthans Organizational
Behavior, (McGraw Hill)

Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
 Unit 1
Introduction (2 hrs)

Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
 Course Outlook
1. Introduction (2 hrs)
1.1 Meaning and concept of management
1.2. Functions of management
1.3. Scope and application of management
1.4. Importance of management

Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
 Etymological Meaning of Management
•The word management has its roots in the Latin
and French languages:
•Origin:
• The term comes from the Latin word "manus," meaning
"hand."
• It evolved through the Old
French word "manegement," which means "the act of
handling or controlling."
•Components:
• The prefix "man-" relates to the idea of handling or
controlling something, akin to using one's hands.
• The suffix "-ment" indicates the process or result of an
action.
Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
 Meaning
• Skillfully guiding resources
(people, money, etc.) to
achieve common goals
• Management is the process
of getting jobs done through
and with other people by
using the resources (human,
financial, physical and
information) optimally.

"management" can also refer to the group of

individuals who hold the responsibility of
managing an organization.
Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
 Definitions
• Henry Mintzberg:
• "Management is a practice where art, science, and craft meet.”

• Harold Koontz:
• "Management is the process of designing and maintaining an
environment in which individuals, working together in groups,
efficiently accomplish selected aims."

• Henri Fayol:
• "To manage is to forecast, to plan, to organize, to command, to
coordinate, and to control."
• Peter Drucker:
• "Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right
things."

Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
Characteristics of Management
• Goals focused
• Pervasive(Broad) function
• Group activity
• Efficiency and effectiveness
• Works through and with other
• Situational process
• Multidisciplinary
• Environmental influence
• Intangible
• Both Art and Science

Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
 Concepts of Management
• Classical Concept: Focus on
planning, organizing, commanding,
coordinating, and controlling (Fayol’s
principles).
• Behavioral Concept: Emphasizes
human relations and motivation.
• Systems Concept: Views
organization as a system of
interrelated parts.
• Contingency Concept: Management
practices depend on situational
variables.

Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
 Concept Theory/Key Proponent(s) Description
Name

Focuses on universal management functions:

Classical Henri Fayol (Administrative planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating,
Concept Theory) and controlling. Emphasizes formal structure and
efficiency.

Elton Mayo (Human Relations Emphasizes the importance of human behavior,

Behavioral Movement), Douglas motivation, leadership, and group dynamics in
Concept McGregor (Theory X and management. Focus on employee welfare and
Theory Y) motivation.

Views the organization as an open system

Systems Ludwig von Bertalanffy composed of interrelated and interdependent
Concept (General Systems Theory) parts working together to achieve common
goals.

Proposes that there is no one best way to

Contingenc Fred Fiedler, Paul Lawrence, manage; management practices should vary
y Concept Jay Lorsch according to situational factors and
environmental variables.
Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
 Functions/Process of Management
Planning and decision making Organizing
Setting the organizational Setting job responsibilities –
goals and deciding how best to authority relationship and
achieve them. assigning resources to attain
goal.

Controlling Directing
Setting performance Leading and motivating
standards, monitoring and members to work in the best
correcting ongoing activities to possible ways and in
attain goal. organization’s interest.
Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
 Functions of Management
• Planning & Decision Making
• Organizing & Staffing
• Directing : Leadership, Motivation, Communication
& Supervision
• Controlling

• Planning
• Organizing
• Leading
• Controlling
Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
Practical Examples:
• Planning: Estimating compute
costs for a cloud-based AI
model.
• Organizing: Structuring a team
to handle front-end, back-end,
and database tasks.
• Leading: Motivating a team
during a crunch to meet a
client’s deadline.
• Controlling: Using monitoring
tools like Prometheus to track
system performance.

Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
 Functions of Management
•Henri Fayol:
Planning, Organizing,
Commanding, Coordinating, Controlling.
•Peter Drucker: Setting Objectives,
Organizing, Motivating, Measuring
Performance.
•Mary Parker Follett: Coordination,
Leadership, Conflict Resolution.
•Harold Koontz: Planning, Organizing,
Staffing, Leading, Controlling.
•Henry Mintzberg: Interpersonal Roles,
Informational Roles, Decisional Roles.

Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
 Planning & decision making
• Planning is the process of deciding in advance
about what to do, how to do it, when and
where to do it, who is to do it, etc.
• Planning is the process of setting goals and
choosing actions to achieve them.
Steps in the Planning Process
1. Define Objectives
2. Assess the Current Situation
3. Identify Alternatives
4. Evaluate Alternatives
5. Select the Best Alternative
6. Develop an Action Plan
7. Monitor and Adjust
8. Evaluate Outcomes

Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
 Organizing & Staffing
Organizing is the process of creating structure. It is a
process of establishing working relationships among
employees, jobs and units of organization to achieve
goals.
• Identifying and defining the activities to perform to
attain organizational goals.
• Grouping similar activities in to job.
• Defining authority to each department and units.
• Assigning job to department and units.
• Fixing authority to each job responsibilities.
• Establishing formal relationship in horizontal and
vertical levels.
Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
 Directing
Directing is a management function regarding
instructing, guiding, inspiring, communicating and
supervising subordinates for effective and efficient
performance towards organizational interest.
Directing consists of leadership, motivation,
communication and supervision.
Leadership sets organizational goals and influences
employee’s behavior toward achieving predetermined
goals.
It sets standard of performance and gives attention to
the needs and expectations of followers.
Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
 Controlling
• Controlling is the process of correcting performance of individual, units,
departments and whole organization to improve the overall organizational
performance toward goal achievement.
• In simple words, controlling is a function for taking corrective action
whenever and wherever required.
• Controlling includes four steps
• Establishing the standard for performance,
• Measuring actual performance,
• Finding and analyzing the differences between standard and
• Actual performance and initiating the correcting actions.

Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
 1.3 Scope and Application of Management
•Scope of Management:
• Operations Management: Production and delivery of
goods/services.
• Financial Management: Planning and controlling
financial resources.
• Human Resource Management: Recruitment, training,
and employee welfare.
• Marketing Management: Market research, sales, and
customer relations.
• Strategic Management: Long-term planning and policy
formulation.
• Information Management: Managing data and IT
resources.

Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
 Application of Management:
• Business Organizations:
• Manufacturing, service, retail.
• Government Agencies:
• Public administration and policy
implementation.
• Non-Profit Organizations:
• Charities, NGOs.
• Healthcare:
• Hospitals and clinics.
• Education:
• Schools and universities.
• Sports and Entertainment:
• Team management and event planning.

Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
Area Management Application Example
Role/Scope
Planning, organizing, Software/hardware
Project Management
controlling resources development projects

Standardizing and improving

Process Management Agile, DevOps, ISO standards
engineering processes

Ensuring product and process Testing, validation,

Quality Assurance
quality compliance
Allocating people, tools, and Team assignments, cloud
Resource Management
budget resource allocation
Identifying and mitigating Security, technical, financial
Risk Management
risks risk plans
Data-driven monitoring and Code quality metrics, project
Measurement & Metrics
improvement KPIs

Streamlining administrative Database, ERP, project

Office Automation
and engineering workflows management software

Leading and motivating Team building, leadership in

Team Management
technical
Course:- Organizational teams
Behavior and software
Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- teams
Mahesh Singh Badal
1.4 Importance of Management
•Achieving Goals Efficiently:
•Management ensures resources are used optimally to meet
organizational goals.
•Helps in Achieving Group Goals:
•Coordinates individual efforts towards a common objective.
•Increases Efficiency:
•Proper planning and organization reduce waste and
redundancy.
•Creates a Dynamic Organization:
•Helps adapt to changing environments and market conditions.
•Facilitates Innovation and Change:
•Encourages new ideas and continuous improvement.
•Builds a Healthy Work Environment:
•Motivates employees and improves morale.
•Ensures Growth and Development:
•Strategic management leads to sustainable growth.
Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal
 Differentiate between Manager and Leader
Aspect Manager Leader
Focus Task-oriented People-oriented
Approach Administers and controls Inspires and motivates
Makes decisions based on data and Makes decisions based on vision
Decision Making
processes and values
Style Authoritative, directive Collaborative, inclusive
Develops team and individual
Goal Orientation Achieves organizational goals
potential
Encourages open dialogue and
Communication Tends to be formal and structured
feedback
Change Manages change through Embraces change and
Management established protocols encourages innovation
More willing to take risks for
Risk Tolerance Generally risk-averse
growth
Timeframe Short-term focus Long-term vision
Builds strong personal
Relationships Maintains professional distance
connections
Course:- Organizational Behavior and Management(BE Computer VIII); by:- Mahesh Singh Badal