SAITL
FISH FARMING
A GUIDE
Nigeria's fish demand stands at approximately 3.6 million
metric tonnes, while we only produce around 1.4 million
metric tons (38% of what is consumed). Hence the demand
for fish farming.
SHOW MORE
01
SAITL
ABOUT
FISH FARMING
Fish farming is a lucrative business in Nigeria, with a high
demand for fish and sea food. The industry has grown
significantly in Nigeria producing 1.4 million metric tons of fish as
of 2023 which accounted for 38% of the country’s total fish
demand.
There are several types of fish farming, but in Nigeria, we have
two major types of fish farming which are:
Catfish Farming: Catfish is the most widely farmed fish in
Nigeria, accounting for about 80% of fish farming activities.
Tilapia Farming: Tilapia is another popular fish specie farmed
in Nigeria.
02
SAITL
FISH
Fish is an essential part of the Nigerian diet, providing
numerous health benefits due to its rich nutritional
value. Here's a breakdown of the key nutrients found
in fish commonly consumed in Nigeria:
Key Nutrients in fish
Protein: Fish is an excellent source of high-quality protein,
NUTRITIONAL VALUE
essential for building and repairing tissues, supporting immune
function, and maintaining muscle mass.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids: These healthy fats reduce inflammation,
improve heart health, and support brain function. Fatty fish like
salmon, mackerel, and sardines are rich in omega-3s.
Vitamins:
Vitamin D: crucial for bone and teeth health, immune system
regulation, and mood support.
Vitamin B12: supports brain health, energy production, and red
blood cell formation.
Vitamin A: important for healthy vision, immune function, and
skin health.
Minerals:
Iodine: essential for thyroid hormone production and metabolism
regulation.
Calcium: vital for bone development and strength.
Zinc: supports immune health, wound healing, and skin integrity.
Selenium: acts as an antioxidant, protecting the body from
oxidative stress.
03
SAITL
STAGES OF FISH GROWTH
Egg stage: fertilized eggs develop and hatch.
Larvae stage: newly hatched fish, 0.1-1cm in length, often dependent on yolk sac for nutrition.
Fry stage: small fish that have absorbed yolk sac, 1-3cm in length, starting to feed externally.
Fingerling stage: typically 3-10cm in length, Grow-out stage: fish grows to market size, 20-
growing rapidly. 50cm in length.
Juvenile stage: 10-20cm in length (varies by Maturation stage: fish reaches full maturity,
specie). often for breeding purposes. SHOW MORE
04
SAITL
FISH PONDS &
CAPACITIES
EARTHEN POND
Description: constructed by digging a hole in the ground, 1-
2 meters deep, with a reliable nearby water source.
Advantages: low construction cost, natural habitat for fish,
low maintenance.
Disadvantages: Prone to flooding, sorting fish can be
challenging, difficult to control disease outbreak.
SHOW MORE
05
SAITL
FISH PONDS &
CAPACITIES
CONCRETE POND
Description: Built using blocks, sand and cement, allowing
for construction anywhere, including urban areas.
Advantages: Easy to manage, High productivity, and good
farm security.
Disadvantages: Expensive to construct and maintain,
requires a lot of water to run effectively.
SHOW MORE
06
SAITL
FISH PONDS &
CAPACITIES
TARPAULIN POND
Description: Made of polyethylene sheets or tarpaulin, often
used for temporary or small scale fish farming.
Advantages: Portable, easy to setup and low maintenance
cost.
Disadvantages: It collapse easily as component parts have
a short lifespan.
SHOW MORE
07
SAITL
FISH PONDS &
CAPACITIES
CAGE POND
Description: Used in natural water bodies like rivers,
streams and lagoons, where fish are raised in open water.
Advantages: Allows for natural food sources, easy to
manage and environment friendly.
Disadvantages: Prone to water pollution and theft, it
requires strict security.
SHOW MORE
08
SAITL
FISH FEEDS
Fish feed is a crucial component of
acquaculture, providing essential nutrients for
fish growth and health.
They can be categorized based on their
ingredients such as:
Commercial feed: formulated feeds available
in the market.
Farm-made feed: feeds prepared by farmers
using local ingredients.
Natural feed: live or fresh foods, like plankton or
insects.
Supplements: alternate food given to fishes
presumed to be richer in nutrients.
SHOW MORE
09
SAITL
FISH FEEDS
TYPES OF FEED
There are three (3) major types of fish feed
which are:
Starter feed: for fish larvae and fry, providing
essential nutrients for initial growth.
Grower feed: for juvenile fish, supporting rapid
growth.
Finisher feed: for mature fish, enhancing final
growth stages and preparing for harvest.
SHOW MORE
10
SAITL
KEY The key ingredients of fish feed are:
1. Fish meal
INGREDIENTS
2. Soybean meal
3. Corn SHOW MORE
4. Wheat
5. Vitamins and Minerals.
11
SAITL
FISH
COST & REVENUE ANALYSIS
Here is a breakdown of the costs and revenue
MARKET
for a fish farming business in Nigeria
(considering 5,000 catfish).
Cost of Production: N1,461,000 (for 5,000 catfish)
Revenue: N2,870,000 (for 5,000 catfish)
Profit: N1,409,000 (for 5000 catfish)
The Nigerian fish market is valued at over NGN
400 billion annually with a whopping increase in
MARKET STRUCTURE growth rate of 12% per year
The Nigerian fish market is valued at NGN 400
billion annually, with a growth rate of 12% per year.
- The demand for fish is high, driven by population
growth, health consciousness, and protein
demand.
- Major markets include Lagos, Ibadan, and Abuja. SHOW MORE
- The market is segmented into different levels,
including institutional buyers, premium retail
markets, and local market traders.
12
SAITL
Fish farming can yield a Return on Investment
(ROI) of 40-100% within a relatively short time.
RETURN ON
INVESTMENT
SHOW MORE - For catfish farming, the ROI can be as high as
60-100% per year.
- The profit margin for fish farming can range
from 25-30%.
60-100%
Catfish
13
SAITL
High cost of feed
The cost of fish feed has increased
CHALLENGES
significantly making it challenging for
farmers to maintain profitability
Lack of proper funding
OF FISH FARMING
Many fish farmers lack access to credit
facilities, making it difficult to start or
expand their businesses
Poor Infrastructure
The lack of infrastructure specifically
designed for fish farming makes it
challenging for farmers to grow and sell
SHOW MORE their fish adequately.
Lack of quality fish seeds
Finding quality seeds can be
challenging, and poor quality seeds
can lead to reduced productivity and
profitability.
14
SAITL
STARTING
YOUR FISH
Conduct a
FARM secure quality fish
thorough research seeds
To start a fish farm, certain steps must be taken
to ensure high productivity yield and maximum
profitability. Some major steps are listed as
follows: Develop a solid Invest in proper
business plan infrastructure
Hire experienced
personnels
15
SAITL
THANK YOU
Thank you for your attention! Agriculture remains a vital part of our world,
and its future will continue to shape our global economy and way of life.
https://shineagroventures.com.ng/
[email protected] 16
