GR 9 MATHEMATICS REVISION
PACK TERM 3
GET DIRECTORATE
NUMERIC AND GEOMETRIC PATTERNS:
QUESTIONS:
Consider the following pattern that is built with matches and answer the questions.
FIGURE 1 FIGURE 2 FIGURE 3
1. Consider the following table and write down the values of a and b. (2)
Figure (n) 1 2 3 4 10
Number of matches (Tn) 5 9 13 a b
2. Write down the formula for the nth term. (3)
3. Which figure will consist of 77 matches? (3)
4. How many matches will be needed to make the 25th figure? (2)
[10]
MEMORANDUM:
1. a = 17 A (1)
b = 10 × 4 + 1 = 41 A (1)
2. Constant/Common Difference = 4 A
Tn = 4 × 1 + b = 5
b =5–4
= 1 M
Tn = 4n + 1 A (3)
3. Tn = 4n + 1 = 77 S
4n = 76 S
n = 19 A (3)
4. Tn = 4(25) + 1 = 101 S A (2)
(draft)
ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS.
FACTORISING
COMMON FACTOR: 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 = 𝑏(𝑎 + 𝑐) note (𝑎 − 𝑏) = −(𝑏 − 𝑎)
DIFFERENCE OF 2 SQUARES: 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 = (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎 − 𝑏)
QUADRATIC TRINOMIAL: 𝑎2 + 2𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2
1. Factorise completely: Common Factor 2. Factorise completely: Common factor as expression/ grouping(4 terms)
(a) 2𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 6𝑧 (a) 3(𝑚 + 𝑛) − 5𝑝(𝑚 + 𝑛)
(b) 𝑎𝑥 2 − 2𝑎𝑥 − 𝑎𝑝𝑥 (b) 4(7𝑐 − 𝑑) + 𝑎(𝑑 − 7𝑐)
(c) 4𝑥 2 𝑦 − 10𝑦 2 − 15𝑥𝑦 (c) (𝑥 − 2)2 − 3(𝑥 − 2)
(d) 24𝜋𝑟 2 + 36𝜋𝑟 4 − 16𝑟 2 (d) 3𝑎𝑥 − 6𝑏𝑥 + 6𝑎𝑦 − 12𝑏𝑦
(e) ) 10𝑝6 𝑞2 − 4𝑝3 𝑞2 + 2𝑝4 𝑞4 (e) 𝑥 3 − 5𝑥 − 2𝑥 2 + 10
3. Factorise completely: Difference of 2 squares 4. Factorise completely: Quadratic trinomial
(a) 4𝑥 2 − 9 (a) 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 5
(b) 100𝑏 4 − 121 (b) 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 7
(c) 4𝑎2 − 25𝑐 6 (c) 𝑥 2 + 13𝑥 − 30
(d) −7𝑎2 𝑏 + 28𝑏 (d) 𝑛2 − 15𝑛 + 56
4𝑎 2 49𝑏2
(e) ( − ) (e) 2𝑝2 − 60𝑝 − 128
9 𝑐2
(f) (2𝑥 − 1)2 − 1 (f) 4𝑥 3 − 12𝑥 2 − 16𝑥
5. Factorise completely: Mixed factorising 6. Simplify: Fractions
4𝑥 2 +8𝑥
(a) 𝑎2 (𝑏 − 𝑐) + (𝑐 − 𝑏) (a) 2𝑥
𝑥 2 −2𝑥
(b) 18𝑎4 − 8𝑏 2 (b) 𝑥 2 −4
5𝑦 2 −15𝑦
(c) 5𝑥 2 𝑦 − 65𝑥𝑦 − 150𝑦 (c)
5𝑦 2 −45
1 1 1 𝑥 2 −2𝑥−15
(d) 𝑥 2 (𝑎2 − 𝑐 2 ) − 7𝑥 (𝑎2 − 𝑐 2 ) −30(𝑎2 − 𝑐 2 ) (d)
9 9 9 𝑥 2 −25
𝑝2 −9𝑝+20
(e) (𝑥 − 1)2 − 2(𝑥 − 1) − 8 (e) 𝑝2 −𝑝−20
2𝑥(𝑥−1)−(𝑥−1)
(f)
5𝑥 2 −5
FACTORISING MEMORANDUM:
1(a) 2(𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 3𝑧) 2(a) (𝑚 + 𝑛)(3 − 5𝑝)
(b) 𝑎𝑥(𝑥 − 2 − 𝑝) (b) (7𝑐 − 𝑑)(4 − 𝑎)
(c) 𝑦(4𝑥 2 − 10𝑦 − 15𝑥) (c) (𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 − 2 − 3) = (𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 − 5)
(d) 4𝑟 2 (6𝜋 + 9𝜋𝑟 2 − 4) (d) (3𝑎𝑥 − 6𝑏𝑥) + (6𝑎𝑦 − 12𝑏𝑦) = 3𝑥(𝑎 − 2𝑏) + 6𝑦(𝑎 − 2𝑏) = (𝑎 − 2𝑏)(3𝑥 + 6𝑦)
(e) 2𝑝3 𝑞 2 (5𝑝3 − 2 + 𝑝𝑞 2 ) (e) (𝑥 3 − 5𝑥) − (2𝑥 2 − 10) = 𝑥(𝑥 2 − 5) − 2(𝑥 2 − 5) = (𝑥 2 − 5)(𝑥 − 2)
3(a) (2𝑥 − 3)(2𝑥 + 3) 4(a) (𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 + 1)
(b) (10𝑏2 − 11)(10𝑏2 + 11) (b) (𝑥 + 7)(𝑥 − 1)
(c) (2𝑎 − 5𝑐 3 )(2𝑎 + 5𝑐 3 ) (c) (𝑥 + 15)(𝑥 − 2)
(d) −7𝑏(𝑎2 − 4) = −7𝑏(𝑎 − 2)(𝑎 + 2) (d) (𝑛 − 7)(𝑛 − 8)
2𝑎 7𝑏 2𝑎 7𝑏
(e) ( 3 − 𝑐
)( 3 + 𝑐
) (e) 2(𝑝2 − 30𝑝 − 64) = 2(𝑝 − 32)(𝑝 + 2)
(draft)
(g) [(2𝑥 − 1) − 1][(2𝑥 − 1) + 1] = 2𝑥(2𝑥 − 2) (f) 4𝑥(𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 4) = 4𝑥(𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 + 1)
5(a) 𝑎2 (𝑏 − 𝑐) − (𝑏 − 𝑐) = (𝑏 − 𝑐)(𝑎2 − 1) = (𝑏 − 𝑐)(𝑎 + 1)(𝑎 − 1) 6(a) 2𝑥 + 4
𝑥(𝑥−2) 𝑥
(b) 2(9𝑎4 − 4𝑏 2 ) = 2(3𝑎2 − 2𝑏)(3𝑎2 + 2𝑏) (b) (𝑥−2)(𝑥+2)
= (𝑥+2)
5𝑦(𝑦−3) 5𝑦(𝑦−3) 𝑦
(c) 5𝑦(𝑥 2 − 13𝑥 − 30) = 5𝑦(𝑥 − 15)(𝑥 + 2) (c)
5(𝑦2 −9)
=
5(𝑦+3)(𝑦−3)
=
(𝑦+3)
1 1 1 (𝑥−5)(𝑥+3) (𝑥+3)
(d) (𝑎2 − 𝑐 2 ) (𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 30) = (𝑎 − 𝑐)(𝑎 + 𝑐)(𝑥 − 10)(𝑥 + 3) (d)
(𝑥+5)(𝑥−5)
=
(𝑥+5)
9 3 3
(𝑝−5)(𝑝−4) (𝑝−4)
(e) [(𝑥 − 1) − 4][(𝑥 − 1) + 2] = (𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 + 1) (e) =
(𝑝−5)(𝑝+4) (𝑝+4)
(𝑥−1)(2𝑥−1) (𝑥−1)(2𝑥−1) (2𝑥−1)
(f) = =
5(𝑥 2 −1) 5(𝑥+1)(𝑥−1) 5(𝑥+1)
(draft)
ALGEBRAIC EQUATIONS:
LINEAR AND QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
INSTRUCTIONS:
Clearly show ALL calculations that you used to determine the answers.
Full marks will NOT necessarily be awarded to answers only.
You may use an approved scientific calculator (non-programmable and non-graphical),
unless stated otherwise
If necessary, round answers to TWO decimal places, unless stated otherwise
QUESTION 1
Solve for the unknown ( 𝑥; 𝑦, 𝑝 𝑒𝑡𝑐. ):
1.1 10𝑥 − 7 = 5𝑥 + 3 (2)
1.2 4 − 3(𝑥 − 1) = 2(𝑥 − 4) (4)
1.3 𝑥 𝑥+1 1
+ =
2 5 4 (4)
1.4 5 2𝑥 − 2
(𝑥 − 1) = 2 − (6)
6 12
1.5 (𝑥 − 1)(2𝑥 + 3) = 0
(2)
1.6 𝑥2 − 𝑥 − 6 = 0
(3)
1.7 𝑥 2 = 4𝑥 (4)
[25]
MEMORANDUM – INFORMAL TEST 1: LINEAR AND QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
QUESTION 1
1.1 10𝑥 − 7 = 5𝑥 + 3 5𝑥 = 10
5𝑥 = 10
𝑥=2 answer (2)
1.2 4 − 3(𝑥 − 1) = 2(𝑥 − 4)
4 − 3𝑥 + 3 = 2𝑥 − 8 −3𝑥 + 3 2𝑥 − 8
−5𝑥 = −15 −5𝑥 = −15
𝑥=3 answer (4)
1.3 𝑥 𝑥+1 1
+ =
2 5 4
10𝑥 4(𝑥 + 1) 5 𝐿𝐶𝐷 = 20
+ =
20 20 20
10𝑥 + 4𝑥 + 4 = 5 10𝑥 + 4𝑥 + 4
14𝑥 = 1 5
1
𝑥=
14 answer
(4)
1.4 5 2𝑥 − 2
(𝑥 − 1) = 2 −
6 12
10(𝑥 − 1) 24 (2𝑥 − 2) 𝐿𝐶𝐷 = 12
= −
12 12 12
10𝑥 − 10 = 24 − 2𝑥 + 2 10𝑥 − 10
12𝑥 = 36 24 −2𝑥 + 2
𝑥=3 12𝑥 = 36
answer (6)
1.5 (𝑥 − 1)(2𝑥 + 3) = 0 𝑥=1
3 3
𝑥 = −2
𝑥=1 ; 𝑥=− (2)
2
1.6 𝑥2 − 𝑥 − 6 = 0 factors
(𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 + 2) = 0 𝑥=3
𝑥 = 3 ; 𝑥 = −2 𝑥 = −2 (3)
1.7 𝑥 2 = 4𝑥 standard form
𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 = 0 factors
𝑥(𝑥 − 4) = 0 𝑥=0
𝑥=0 ; 𝑥=4 𝑥 =4 (4)
[25]
EXPONENTIAL EQUATIONS:
QUESTION 1
Solve for 𝑥:
1.1 3𝑥+1 = 27 (2)
1.2 7.42𝑥 − 1 = 6 (3)
1.3 1
8𝑥 = (3)
16
1.4 1
= 0,125 (4)
2𝑥
1.5 50 − 5𝑥 = −24 (3)
[15]
(draft)
MEMORANDUM – INFORMAL TEST 2: EXPONENTIAL EQUATIONS
QUESTION 1
1.1 3𝑥+1 = 27
3𝑥+1 = 33 33
𝑥+1=3
𝑥=2 answer (2)
1.2 7.42𝑥 − 1 = 6
7.42𝑥 = 7
42𝑥 = 1 42𝑥 = 1
42𝑥 = 40 40
2𝑥 = 0
𝑥=0 answer (3)
1.3 1
8𝑥 =
16
23𝑥 = 2−4 23𝑥 2−4
3𝑥 = −4
4
𝑥=− (3)
3 answer
1.4 1
= 0,125
2𝑥 OR
125 2−𝑥
2−𝑥 = 1
1000 1 1
1 𝑥
= 8
2−𝑥 = 2 8
8 1 𝑥 1 3
2−𝑥 = 2−3 ( ) =( ) same base
2 2
−𝑥 = −3 𝑥=3
𝑥=3 answer
(4)
1.5 50 − 5𝑥 = −24
1 − 5𝑥 = −24 1
−5𝑥 = −25 −5𝑥 = −25
5𝑥 = 25
5 𝑥 = 52
𝑥=2 answer (3)
[15]
(draft)
EQUATIONS: WORD PROBLEMS
QUESTION 1
In this question you must show ALL calculations.
Full marks will not be rewarded for answer only.
1.1 The width of a rectangle is 5cm less than the length. The area of the
rectangle is 24 cm². Set up an equation to calculate the dimensions of the
rectangle.
Let 𝑥 be the length of the rectangle. (4)
1.2 The equation 𝑡 = 21 − 0,01 𝑛
models the normal low July temperature in
degrees Celsius at Mt Rushmore, where 𝑡 is
the temperature at 𝑛 meters above the
base of the mountain.
Calculate the height above the base if the
temperature is 18 °C
(2)
1.3 Nola drives from her home to the store at a speed of 15𝑘𝑚/ℎ. She then turns
around and drives back to her house at a speed of 35𝑘𝑚/ℎ. The whole
return trip took Nola 2 hours. Set up an equation to calculate the time it took
Nola to drive to the store.
Let 𝑥 be the time it took to drive to the store. (4)
[10]
(draft)
MEMORANDUM – INFORMAL TEST 3: WORD PROBLEMS
QUESTION 1
1.1 Let 𝑥 be the length of the rectangle.
width= 𝑥 − 5 𝑥−5
𝐴 = 𝑙×𝑏
𝑥(𝑥 − 5) = 24 𝑥(𝑥 − 5) = 24
𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 = 24
𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 24 = 0
(𝑥 − 8)(𝑥 + 3) = 0 (𝑥 − 8)(𝑥 + 3) = 0
𝑥 = 8 ; 𝑥 ≠ −3
Dimensions of rectangle:
length = 8cm and width = 3 cm answer
(No penalty for units) (4)
1.2 𝑡 = 21 − 0,01 𝑛
18 = 21 − 0,01𝑛 18 = 21 − 0,01𝑛
−3 = −0,01𝑛
300 = 𝑛 300
height above the base of the mountain =
300𝑚 (2)
1.3 S T D 15𝑥
To store 15 𝑥 15𝑥
From 35 2−𝑥 35(2 − 𝑥) 35(2 − 𝑥)
store
15𝑥 = 35(2 − 𝑥)
15𝑥 = 35(2 − 𝑥)
15𝑥 = 70 − 35𝑥
50𝑥 = 70
70
𝑥= answer
50
7 (No penalty for units)
𝑥 = = 1,4 ℎ (4)
5
[10]
(draft)
FUNCTIONS AND RELATIONSHIPS:
Question 1
In a discussion between Madison and Benjamin about functions, Benjamin said that the diagram
below represents a function, but Madison argued that it does not. Who is right?
Motivate your answer.
Question 2
Complete the following flow diagrams:
2.1
1 𝑎
2
1 𝑏
𝒚 = 𝟒𝒙
4
−1
𝑐
4
2.2
𝑑
−1
𝑒
2 8
𝑓 𝒙 5
𝒚=
𝟐
𝑔 2
2.3 In each case consider the input values and state whether they are irrational numbers, natural
ℎ
or rational numbers. 1
(draft)
Question 3
3.1 Copy and complete the table.
3.2 By how much will the output number increases if the input number increases by 1?
3.3 Determine the function rule for the function table above.
Question 4
4.1 Use the graph above to complete the table.
x −2 −1 c d 2 3
y a b 3 4 e f
4.2 Determine a function rule to describe the relationship between 𝑥 and 𝑦.
Question 5
Describe and correct the error in graphing the function represented by the input-output table.
x −4 −2 0 2
y −1 1 3 5
(draft)
Question 6
Match the graph with the function rule it represents.
6.1 6.2 6.3
𝑥
A. 𝑦= B. 𝑦 =𝑥+1 C. 𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 6
3
The End
(draft)
TOPIC: FUNCTIONS & RELATIONSHIPS
MEMORANDUM
Question 1
Madison: A function is a relationship that assigns exactly one output value for each input value.
The input value of five has two outputs. It has an output of two and nine. So that input value of five
does not have exactly one output; it has two. That means this figure cannot represent a function.
So, our answer is: False.
Question 2
2.1
a 𝑦 ∴𝑦 = 4×2
1 ∴𝑦=2
= 4𝑥
b 𝑦 ∴𝑦 = 4×4
1 ∴𝑦=1
= 4𝑥
c 𝑦= −1 ∴ 𝑦 = −1
∴𝑦 = 4×
4𝑥 4
d 𝑦= −1 ∴ 𝑦 = −2
∴𝑦 = 4×
4𝑥 2
2.2
𝑥
e 𝑦=2 ∴ e ← 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑦 𝑏𝑦 2 ← 8 ∴ 16 ← 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑦 𝑏𝑦 2 ← 8
𝑥
f 𝑦=2 ∴ 𝑓 ← 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑦 𝑏𝑦 2 ← 5 ∴ 10 ← 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑦 𝑏𝑦 2 ← 5
𝑥
g 𝑦=2 ∴ 𝑔 ← 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑦 𝑏𝑦 2 ← 2 ∴ 4 ← 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑦 𝑏𝑦 2 ← 2
𝑥
h 𝑦=2 ∴ ℎ ← 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑦 𝑏𝑦 2 ← 1 ∴ 2 ← 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑦 𝑏𝑦 2 ← 1
2.3
2.3.1 1 1 −1 −1
{2 ; 4 ; ; } → rational numbers
4 2
2.3.2 {16; 10; 4; 2} → natural numbers
(draft)
Question 3
3.1
3.2 Output will increase by 3
3.3
Input 6 7 8 9 ……
3 ×𝑥 3 × 6 ____ 3 × 7_____ 3 × 8____ 3× 9_____ ……
3 × 𝑥 − 2 3 ×6 −2 3 × 7 −2 3 × 8 −2 3× 9 −2 ……
Output 16 19 22 25 …….
∴ 𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 2
Question 4
4.1
x -2 -1 0 1 2 3
y 1 2 3 4 5 6
4.2
Constant difference: +1
Input −2 −1 0 1 2 3
1 ×𝑥 1 × −2 1 × 1 × 1× 1× 2 1× 3
____ −1____ 0____ 1_____
1× 𝑥 1 × −2 1 × −1 1 × 0 1× 1 1× 2 1× 3
+3 +3 +3 +3 +3 +3 +3
Output 1 2 3 4 5 6
∴𝑦 =𝑥+3
(draft)
Question 5
The ordered pairs are written incorrectly from the table and therefore plotted incorrectly on the
Cartesian plane.
The 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒 , which is the input value is always first.
The 𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒, which is the output value is second.
Therefore : (𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒 ; 𝑦 − 𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒)
Input −4 −2 0 2
x (−4; −1) (−2; 1) (0; 3) (2; 5)
Output −1 1 3 5
y
Question 6
Choose any coordinate on a straight line and substitute into respective equation.
(𝟎; 𝟏): 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 1 (𝟐; 𝟑): 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 1
∴ 𝑦 = (0) + 1 ∴ 𝑦 = (2) + 1 ∴ 6.1 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 1 (𝐵)
∴𝑦=1 ∴𝑦=3
(𝟏; 𝟒): 𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 6 (𝟑; 𝟎): 𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 6
∴ 𝑦 = −2(1) + 6 ∴ 𝑦 = −2(3) + 6 ∴ 𝟔. 𝟐 𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 6 (𝐶)
∴ 𝑦 = −2 + 6 ∴ 𝑦 = −6 + 6
∴𝑦=4 ∴𝑦 =0
𝑥 𝑥
(𝟎; 𝟎): 𝑦 =3 (𝟑; 𝟏): 𝑦=3
0 3 𝑥
∴ 𝑦= ∴𝑦=3 ∴ 6.3 𝑦 = 3 (𝐴)
3
∴ 𝑦=0 ∴𝑦=1
(draft)
