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Biochem PDF

Coenzymes are organic molecules that assist enzymes in biochemical reactions and are primarily derived from B-complex vitamins. They play essential roles in various functions, including decarboxylation, oxidation-reduction, and amino group transfer. Additionally, non-vitamin coenzymes and nucleotide coenzymes also contribute to biochemical processes by donating groups and facilitating synthesis.

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24 views8 pages

Biochem PDF

Coenzymes are organic molecules that assist enzymes in biochemical reactions and are primarily derived from B-complex vitamins. They play essential roles in various functions, including decarboxylation, oxidation-reduction, and amino group transfer. Additionally, non-vitamin coenzymes and nucleotide coenzymes also contribute to biochemical processes by donating groups and facilitating synthesis.

Uploaded by

sourodeeprit
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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GURUNANAK INSTITUTE OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE

AND TECHNOLOGY ( An Autonomous institute )

TOPIC : COENZYMES

Name – Sourodeep Rit


Paper Name – Bio Chemistry

Roll No. - 186012301070

Paper Code – R20_PT 214T


Academic Session – 2023 - 2024

Affiliated to Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology


Introduction

• Coenzymes are organic molecules that works with the enzyme


to facilitate and regulate various biochemical reactions in
leaving organisms.

• This are non-protein organic substance attached with enzyme.

• Coenzymes have low molecular weight.


Types of coenzyme
• Coenzymes from B-complex vitamins :
Most of the coenzymes are the derivatives of water soluble B-complex Vitamins. In
fact, the biological functions of B-complex vitamins are exerted through their respective
coenzymes.

Water soluble vitamins Coenzymes Function


Vitamin B1 ( thiamine ) Thiamine pyrophosphate (TTP) Decarboxylation reaction

Vitamin B2 ( riboflavin ) Flavin mononucleotide ( FMP ) Oxidation-reduction

Vitamin B6 ( pyridoxine ) Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) Transfer of amino Group


Types of coenzyme
• Non-vitamin coenzymes :
Not all coenzymes are vitamin derivatives there are some other organic substances,
which have no relation with vitamins but functions as coenzymes. They are considered as non-
vitamin coenzymes.

Coenzyme Biochemical function


Adenosine triphosphate ( ATP ) Donates phosphate, adenosine and AMP moieties.

Cytidine diphosphate ( CDP ) Required in phospholipid synthesis as carrier of


choline and ethanolamine.

• Nucleotide coenzymes :
Some of the coenzymes possess nitrogenous base, sugar and phosphate. Such
coenzymes are, therefore nucleotides e.g. NAD+ , NADP+ , FAD etc.
Summary

• The coenzyme is essential for the biological activity of enzyme. It is necessary


helper for enzymes that assist in biochemical transformation.

• Coenzyme prepares the active site for catalytic activity.

• The function of coenzyme is to transfer of groups between enzymes. They


transport a verity of chemic group such as hydride, acetyl, formyl, methyl.
Reference

• Biochemistry, 2008 edition page no. – 97 , Dr. U. Satyanarayana , Dr. U. Chakrapani.

• Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, Sixth edition, page no. – 191, David L. Nelson,
Madison Michael M. Cox.
Thank You

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