Solutions to Unsolved
Questions
Question 1
What are compound statements?
Answer
A compound statement is a statement which comprises of a group of statements. The compound statements
usually execute when a condition is satisfied, or a code block is called directly or through a function call.
Question 2
What are jump statements?
Answer
Jump statements are used to unconditionally transfer program control to other parts within a program.
Question 3
What is nested loop? Explain with example.
Answer
A loop may contain another loop as a part of its body. This loop inside a loop is called a nested loop. Once the
condition of outer loop is true, the control is transferred to the inner loop. The inner loop is terminated first and
then the outer loop terminates.
For example,
for i in range(1, 4):
for j in range(1, i+1):
print(j, end = '')
print()
Output
1
12
123
Here, range function will generate value 1, 2, 3 in the outer loop. The inner loop will run for each value
of i used in outer loop. The value of outer loop variable will change only after the inner loop completely
terminates.
Question 4
What is the significance of updating loop control variable in while statements?
Answer
Updating the loop control variable in while statements is essential to prevent infinite loops. If the loop control
variable is not updated within the loop body, the condition may always evaluate to true, causing the loop to run
indefinitely.
Question 5
Construct a logical expression to represent each of the following conditions:
(a) Mark is greater than or equal to 100 but less than 70.
(b) Num is between 0 and 5 but not equal to 2.
(c) Answer is either 'N' OR 'n'.
(d) Age is greater than or equal to 18 and gender is male.
(e) City is either 'Kolkata' or 'Mumbai'.
Answer
(a) (marks >= 100) and (marks < 70)
(b) (num > 0) and (num < 5) and (num != 2)
(c) (answer == 'N') or (answer == 'n')
(d) (age >= 18) and (gender == 'male')
(e) (city == 'Kolkata') or (city == 'Mumbai')
Question 6
Find error in the following code (if any) and correct it by rewriting the code and underline the corrections:
code=input ("Enter season code : ")
if code=w:
print "winter season"
elif code==r:
PRINT "rainy season"
else:
Print "summer season"
Answer
code = input("Enter season code : ")
if code=w: #Error 1
print "winter season" #Error 2
elif code==r: #Error 3
PRINT "rainy season" #Error 4
else:
Print "summer season" # Error 5
Error 1 — The assignment operator '=' is used instead of equality operator '==' in the if statement and the
string 'w' should be enclosed in quotes.
Error 2 — Parentheses around the print statement are missing.
Error 3 — String 'r' should be enclosed in quotes.
Error 4 — The print statement should be in lowercase letters and there should be parentheses around the
print statement.
Error 5 — The print statement should be in lowercase letters and there should be parentheses around the
print statement.
The corrected code is :
code = input("Enter season code: ")
if code == "w":
print("winter season")
elif code == "r":
print("rainy season")
else:
print("summer season")
Question 7(i)
Write the output of the following:
for i in '123':
print("guru99",i,)
Answer
Output
guru99 1
guru99 2
guru99 3
Explanation
The for loop iterates over each character in the string '123'. For each character, it prints "guru99" followed by
the character. The comma after i in the print() function ensures a space between "guru99" and each
character.
Question 7(ii)
Write the output of the following:
for i in [100,200,300] :
print (i)
Answer
Output
100
200
300
Explanation
The above code iterates through each element in the list [100, 200, 300] using a for loop. During each
iteration, it prints the current element i.
Question 7(iii)
Write the output of the following:
for j in range (10,6,-2) :
print (j*2)
Answer
Output
20
16
Explanation
1. range(10, 6, -2): This generates a sequence of numbers starting from 10 (inclusive) and decreases by
2 each time, stopping before it reaches 6 (exclusive).
The general form of the range function is range(start, stop, step), where:
start is the starting number of the sequence.
stop is the endpoint (the number is not included in the sequence).
step specifies the increment (or decrement, if negative) between each number in the sequence.
2. The sequence generated by range(10, 6, -2) is:
Start at 10.
Decrement by 2: 10 - 2 = 8.
The next decrement would be 8 - 2 = 6, but 6 is not included as it is exclusive.
So, the sequence generated is: 10, 8.
3. for j in range(10, 6, -2):: The for loop iterates over each number in the sequence generated by
the range function.
4. print(j * 2): This prints the value of j multiplied by 2 for each iteration.
Let’s analyze the loop iteration by iteration:
First iteration (j = 10):
print(10 * 2)
This prints:
20
Second iteration (j = 8):
print(8 * 2)
This prints:
16
Putting it all together, the full output will be:
20
16
Question 7(iv)
Write the output of the following:
for x in range (1, 6) :
for y in range (1, x+1):
print (x, ' ', y)
Answer
Output
1 1
2 1
2 2
3 1
3 2
3 3
4 1
4 2
4 3
4 4
5 1
5 2
5 3
5 4
5 5
Explanation
Below is the detailed explanation of this code:
1. Outer Loop: for x in range(1, 6):
This loop iterates over the range of numbers starting from 1 up to but not including 6. So, x will take
on the values: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
2. Inner Loop: for y in range(1, x + 1):
For each value of x in the outer loop, y will iterate over the range of numbers starting from 1 up to
and including x (since x + 1 is exclusive).
3. print(x, ' ', y)
This prints the current values of x and y separated by a space.
Let’s analyze the loops iteration by iteration.
Outer loop (x values ranging from 1 to 5):
When x = 1:
The inner loop range(1, 2) results in y taking values: 1.
Output:
1 1
When x = 2:
The inner loop range(1, 3) results in y taking values: 1, 2.
Output:
2 1
2 2
When x = 3:
The inner loop range(1, 4) results in y taking values: 1, 2, 3.
Output:
3 1
3 2
3 3
When x = 4:
The inner loop range(1, 5) results in y taking values: 1, 2, 3, 4.
Output:
4 1
4 2
4 3
4 4
When x = 5:
The inner loop range(1, 6) results in y taking values: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
Output:
5 1
5 2
5 3
5 4
5 5
Putting all these outputs together, we get:
1 1
2 1
2 2
3 1
3 2
3 3
4 1
4 2
4 3
4 4
5 1
5 2
5 3
5 4
5 5
Question 7(v)
Write the output of the following:
for x in range (10, 20):
if (x == 15):
break
print(x)
Answer
Output
10
11
12
13
14
Explanation
The code starts a for loop where x iterates over the range from 10 to 19. Within each iteration, it checks
if x is equal to 15. If true, the break statement exits the loop. Therefore, the loop prints numbers from 10 to
14, each on a new line.
Question 7(vi)
Write the output of the following:
for x in range (10, 20):
if (x % 2 == 0):
continue
print (x)
Answer
Output
11
13
15
17
19
Explanation
Below is the detailed explanation of this code:
1. for x in range(10, 20): → This loop iterates over the range of numbers starting from 10
(inclusive) up to but not including 20 (exclusive). So, x will take on the values: 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15,
16, 17, 18, 19.
2. if x % 2 == 0: → For each value of x, this condition checks if x is an even number. The modulus
operator % returns the remainder of x divided by 2. If the remainder is 0, x is even.
3. continue → If the condition x % 2 == 0 is true (i.e., x is even), the continue statement is
executed. This statement skips the rest of the code inside the loop for the current iteration and moves
to the next iteration.
4. print(x) → This line prints the value of x if it is not even (i.e., if the continue statement is not
executed).
Let’s analyze the loop iteration by iteration:
When x = 10:
o 10 % 2 == 0 is true.
o continue is executed, so print(x) is skipped.
When x = 11:
o 11 % 2 == 0 is false.
o print(x) outputs:
o 11
When x = 12:
o 12 % 2 == 0 is true.
o continue is executed, so print(x) is skipped.
When x = 13:
o 13 % 2 == 0 is false.
o print(x) outputs:
o 13
When x = 14:
o 14 % 2 == 0 is true.
o continue is executed, so print(x) is skipped.
When x = 15:
o 15 % 2 == 0 is false.
o print(x) outputs:
o 15
When x = 16:
o 16 % 2 == 0 is true.
o continue is executed, so print(x) is skipped.
When x = 17:
o 17 % 2 == 0 is false.
o print(x) outputs:
o 17
When x = 18:
o 18 % 2 == 0 is true.
o continue is executed, so print(x) is skipped.
When x = 19:
o 19 % 2 == 0 is false.
o print(x) outputs:
o 19
Putting all these outputs together, the full output will be:
11
13
15
17
19
Question 8
Write the output of the following program on execution if x = 50:
if x > 10:
if x > 25:
print ( 'ok' )
if x > 60:
print ( 'good' )
elif x > 40:
print ( 'average' )
else:
print ('no output')
Answer
Output
ok
average
Explanation
1. if x > 10:
o The condition checks if x is greater than 10.
o Since x = 50, which is greater than 10, this condition is true.
2. Nested if x > 25:
o Since the outer condition is true, the program proceeds to this nested condition, which
checks if x is greater than 25.
o Since x = 50, which is greater than 25, this condition is also true.
o Consequently, it prints ok
3. Nested if x > 60:
o After printing 'ok', the program checks this nested condition, which verifies if x is greater than
60.
o Since x = 50, which is not greater than 60, this condition is false.
o Therefore, the program proceeds to the elif part.
4. Nested elif x > 40:
o This condition checks if x is greater than 40.
o Since x = 50, which is greater than 40, this condition is true.
o Consequently, it prints average
5. The else block
o The else block is not executed because the elif x > 40: condition was true.
Question 9
Write the output of the following code:
for i in range (2) :
for j in range (1) :
if i+2 == j:
print ("+",end=" ")
else:
print ("o",end=" ")
Answer
Output
o o
Explanation
Let’s break down the code step-by-step:
1. Outer Loop: for i in range(2): → This loop iterates over the range of numbers starting from 0
up to but not including 2. So, i will take on the values: 0, 1.
2. Inner Loop: for j in range(1): → For each value of i in the outer loop, j will iterate over the
range of numbers starting from 0 up to but not including 1. So, j will take on the only value: 0.
3. if i + 2 == j: → This condition checks if i + 2 is equal to j.
4. print("+", end=" ") → If the condition i + 2 == j is true, this statement prints a "+", followed
by a space, without moving to a new line.
5. print("o", end=" ") → If the condition i + 2 == j is false, this statement prints an "o",
followed by a space, without moving to a new line.
Let’s analyze the loops iteration by iteration:
First iteration of the outer loop (i = 0):
o Inner loop (j = 0):
i + 2 == j becomes 0 + 2 == 0, which is 2 == 0, is false.
Therefore, the else block is executed, and the output is o
Second iteration of the outer loop (i = 1):
o Inner loop (j = 0):
i + 2 == j becomes 1 + 2 == 0, which is 3 == 0, is false.
Therefore, the else block is executed, and the output is o
So, combining the outputs of all iterations, the full output will be:
o o
Each "o" is followed by a space, and there is no new line between them due to the end=" " parameter in
the print function.
Question 10(a)
Give the output of the following when num1 = 4, num2 = 3, num3 = 2.
num1 += num2 + num3
print(num1)
Answer
Output
Explanation
In the above code, num1 += num2 + num3 is a shorthand notation for num1 = num1 + num2 + num3.
Given,
num1 = 4
num2 = 3
num3 = 2
First, the expression num2 + num3 is evaluated:
num2 + num3 = 3 + 2 = 5
Now the expression becomes:
num1 = num1 + 5
which translates to:
num1 = 4 + 5 = 9
Question 10(b)
Give the output of the following when num1 = 4, num2 = 3, num3 = 2.
num1 = num1 ** (num2 + num3)
print (num1)
Answer
Output
1024
Explanation
In the given code, num1 = num1 ** (num2 + num3) calculates the result of raising num1 to the power of
the sum of num2 and num3. The expression becomes 4 ** (3 + 2), which simplifies to 4 ** 5. Evaluating 4 ** 5
results in 1024, so the output of print(num1) is 1024.
Question 10(c)
Give the output of the following when num1 = 4, num2 = 3, num3 = 2.
num1 **= num2 + c
print (num1)
Answer
There is an error in the given code because the variable c is not defined. This will raise a NameError at
runtime.
Question 10(d)
Give the output of the following when num1 = 4, num2 = 3, num3 = 2.
num1 = '5' + '5'
print (num1)
Answer
Output
55
Explanation
The expression '5' + '5' performs string concatenation as they are enclosed in quotes. Therefore, '5' and
'5' are concatenated to form the string '55', which is then assigned to num1. The print(num1) statement
outputs the string '55'.
Question 10(e)
Give the output of the following when num1 = 4, num2 = 3, num3 = 2.
print(4.00 / (2.0+2.0))
Answer
Output
1.0
Explanation
1. Evaluate the expression inside the parentheses first:
2.0 + 2.0
This calculation is straightforward:
2.0 + 2.0 = 4.0
2. Perform the division operation:
4.00 / 4.0 = 1.0
3. Print the result:
print(1.0)
Therefore, the output of the given code snippet is:
1.0
Question 10(f)
Give the output of the following when num1 = 4, num2 = 3, num3 = 2.
num1 = 2 + 9 * ((3*12)-8)/10
print(num1)
Answer
Output
27.2
Explanation
num1 = 2 + 9 * ((3*12)-8)/10
Let's calculate this step by step, following the precedence of operators in Python:
1. Evaluate the innermost parentheses first:
3 * 12 = 36
2. Replace and continue evaluating inside the parentheses:
((3*12)-8) => (36 - 8) = 28
3. Now, evaluate the multiplication and division:
9 * 28 = 252
4. Continue with dividing by 10:
252 / 10 = 25.2
5. Finally, add 2:
2 + 25.2 = 27.2
The print(num1) statement outputs 27.2
Question 10(g)
Give the output of the following when num1 = 4, num2 = 3, num3 = 2.
num1 = float(10)
print(num1)
Answer
Output
10.0
Explanation
The float(10) function converts the integer 10 to the floating-point number 10.0. Therefore, num1 is
assigned the value 10.0.
Question 10(h)
Give the output of the following:
num1 = int(float('3.14'))
print(num1)
Answer
Output
Explanation
The expression float('3.14') converts the string '3.14' to the floating-point number 3.14.
The int() function then converts 3.14 to the integer 3 by truncating the decimal part. Thus, num1 is assigned
the value 3, and print(num1) outputs 3.
Question 10(i)
Give the output of the following:
print (10 != 9 and 20 >= 20)
Answer
Output
True
Explanation
The expression 10 != 9 and 20 >= 20 evaluates to True because both conditions separated by
the and operator are true. Specifically, 10 != 9 is true because 10 is not equal to 9, and 20 >= 20 is true
because 20 is equal to 20.
Question 10(j)
Give the output of the following:
print(5 % 10 + 10 < 50 and 29 <= 29)
Answer
Output
True
Explanation
In the expression 5 % 10 + 10 < 50 and 29 <= 29, according to operator precedence, 5 % 10
calculates to 5, then 5 + 10 equals 15. Next, 15 < 50 evaluates to True. Separately, 29 <= 29 also evaluates to
True. The and operator then combines these results. Since both conditions are True, the and operator yields
True, which is printed.
Question 11
What is the difference between else and elif constructs of if statement?
Answer
The else statement is a default condition that executes when the preceding if and elif (if any) conditions
evaluate to False. It does not take any conditions and is written simply as else:, followed by an indented
block of code. On the other hand, elif is used to check additional conditions after the initial if statement. If
the if condition is False, Python evaluates the elif condition. It is followed by a condition and ends with a
colon (:), followed by a block of code.
Question 12(a)
Find the output of the following program segment:
for i in range(20, 30, 2):
print(i)
Answer
Output
20
22
24
26
28
Explanation
Below is a detailed explanation of this code:
1. range(20, 30, 2): This generates a sequence of numbers starting from 20 (inclusive) up to but
not including 30 (exclusive), incrementing by 2 each time.
The general form of the range function is range(start, stop, step),where:
o start is the starting number of the sequence.
o stop is the endpoint (the number is not included in the sequence).
o step specifies the increment between each number in the sequence.
2. for i in range(20, 30, 2):: The for loop iterates over each number generated by
the range function and assigns it to the variable i during each iteration.
3. print(i): This prints the current value of i for each iteration.
Let's list the numbers generated by range(20, 30, 2):
Start at 20.
Increment by 2: 20 + 2 = 22.
Increment by 2: 22 + 2 = 24.
Increment by 2: 24 + 2 = 26.
Increment by 2: 26 + 2 = 28.
The next increment would be 28 + 2 = 30, but 30 is not included as the stop parameter is exclusive
of the value.
Therefore, the sequence of numbers is: 20, 22, 24, 26, 28.
Question 12(b)
Find the output of the following program segment:
country = 'INDIA'
for i in country:
print (i)
Answer
Output
I
N
D
I
A
Explanation
Here's the detailed explanation:
1. String Assignment:
country = 'INDIA'
This line assigns the string 'INDIA' to the variable country.
2. for i in country:: The for loop iterates over each character in the string country. The
variable i will take on the value of each character in the string one at a time.
3. print(i): This prints the current character stored in the variable i for each iteration.
Let’s analyze the loop iteration by iteration:
In the first iteration, i is 'I', so print(i) outputs: I.
In the second iteration, i is 'N', so print(i) outputs: N.
In the third iteration, i is 'D', so print(i) outputs: D.
In the fourth iteration, i is 'I', so print(i) outputs: I.
In the fifth iteration, i is 'A', so print(i) outputs: A.
Putting it all together, the output will be each character of the string 'INDIA' printed on a new line:
I
N
D
I
A
Question 12(c)
Find the output of the following program segment:
i = 0; sum = 0
while i < 9:
if i % 4 == 0:
sum = sum + i
i = i + 2
print (sum)
Answer
Output
12
Explanation
Let's break down the code step-by-step:
1. Initial Assignments:
i = 0
sum = 0
Two variables are initialized: i is set to 0, and sum is set to 0.
2. while i < 9: → This loop continues to execute as long as i is less than 9.
3. Inside the while loop:
First iteration (i = 0):
o if i % 4 == 0: → 0 % 4 equals 0, so the condition is true.
o sum = sum + i → sum is updated to sum + 0, which is 0 + 0 = 0.
o i = i + 2 → i is updated to 0 + 2 = 2.
Second iteration (i = 2):
o if i % 4 == 0: → 2 % 4 equals 2, so the condition is false.
o The value of sum remains unchanged.
o i = i + 2 → i is updated to 2 + 2 = 4.
Third iteration (i = 4):
o if i % 4 == 0: → 4 % 4 equals 0, so the condition is true.
o sum = sum + i → sum is updated to sum + 4, which is 0 + 4 = 4.
o i = i + 2 → i is updated to 4 + 2 = 6.
Fourth iteration (i = 6):
o if i % 4 == 0: → 6 % 4 equals 2, so the condition is false.
o The value of sum remains unchanged.
o i = i + 2 → i is updated to 6 + 2 = 8.
Fifth iteration (i = 8):
o if i % 4 == 0: → 8 % 4 equals 0, so the condition is true.
o sum = sum + i → sum is updated to sum + 8, which is 4 + 8 = 12.
o i = i + 2 → i is updated to 8 + 2 = 10.
Sixth iteration (i = 10):
o The loop condition while i < 9: is no longer true (10 is not less than 9), so the loop
terminates.
4. print(sum) → After exiting the loop, the value of sum is printed.
Summarizing all updates to sum:
After the first iteration, sum = 0.
After the third iteration, sum = 4.
After the fifth iteration, sum = 12.
Therefore, the output of the code is:
12
Question 13
Write a program to check if the number is positive or negative and display an appropriate message.
Solution
number = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if number > 0:
print("The number is positive.")
else:
print("The number is negative.")
Output
Enter a number: 4
The number is positive.
Enter a number: -6
The number is negative.
Question 14
WAP to display even numbers between 10 and 20.
Solution
for num in range(10, 21):
if num % 2 == 0:
print(num)
Output
10
12
14
16
18
20
Question 15
WAP to perform all the mathematical operations of a calculator.
Solution
print("Select operation:")
print("1. Add")
print("2. Subtract")
print("3. Multiply")
print("4. Divide")
choice = input("Enter choice (1/2/3/4): ")
num1 = float(input("Enter first number: "))
num2 = float(input("Enter second number: "))
if choice == '1':
result = num1 + num2
print(num1, "+", num2, "=", result)
elif choice == '2':
result = num1 - num2
print(num1, "-", num2, "=", result)
elif choice == '3':
result = num1 * num2
print(num1, "*", num2, "=", result)
elif choice == '4':
if num2 != 0:
result = num1 / num2
print(num1, "/", num2, "=", result)
else:
print("Division by zero is not allowed.")
else:
print("Invalid input")
Output
Select operation:
1. Add
2. Subtract
3. Multiply
4. Divide
Enter choice (1/2/3/4): 1
Enter first number: 23
Enter second number: 45
23.0 + 45.0 = 68.0
Select operation:
1. Add
2. Subtract
3. Multiply
4. Divide
Enter choice (1/2/3/4): 2
Enter first number: 48
Enter second number: 23
48.0 - 23.0 = 25.0
Select operation:
1. Add
2. Subtract
3. Multiply
4. Divide
Enter choice (1/2/3/4): 3
Enter first number: 3
Enter second number: 6
3.0 * 6.0 = 18.0
Select operation:
1. Add
2. Subtract
3. Multiply
4. Divide
Enter choice (1/2/3/4): 4
Enter first number: 245
Enter second number: 5
245.0 / 5.0 = 49.0
Question 16
Write a program to accept a number and display the factorial of that number.
Solution
number = int(input("Enter a number: "))
factorial = 1
if number < 0:
print("Factorial is not defined for negative numbers.")
else:
for i in range(1, number + 1):
factorial *= i
print("The factorial of", number, "is", factorial)
Output
Enter a number: 5
The factorial of 5 is 120
Question 17
Write a function to display prime numbers below 30.
Solution
def prime_numbers():
for num in range(2, 30):
for i in range(2, num):
if num % i == 0:
break
else:
print(num)
prime_numbers()
Output
2
3
5
7
11
13
17
19
23
29
Question 18
WAP to print the sum of the series 1 - x 1/2! + x2/3! - x3/4! ............... xn/(n + 1)! — exponential series.
Solution
x = int(input("Enter x: "))
n = int(input("Enter n: "))
sum_series = 1
sign = -1
for i in range(1, n + 1):
fact = 1
for j in range(1, i + 2):
fact *= j
term = sign * (x ** i) / fact
sum_series += term
sign *= -1
print("Sum =", sum_series)
Output
Enter x: 2
Enter n: 3
Sum = 0.3333333333333333
Question 19
WAP to print the sum of the series 1 - x 2/4! + x3/6! - x4/8! + x5/10! ............... xn/(2n)! — exponential series.
Solution
x = int(input("Enter x: "))
n = int(input("Enter n: "))
sum_series = 1
sign = -1
for i in range(2, n + 1):
fact = 1
for j in range(1, 2 * i + 1):
fact *= j
term = sign * (x ** i) / fact
sum_series += term
sign *= -1
print("Sum =", sum_series)
Output
Enter x: 2
Enter n: 3
Sum = 0.8444444444444444
Question 20
WAP to display the sum of the given series:
Sum = 1 + (1 + 2) + (1 + 2 + 3) + (1 + 2 + 3.....n)
Solution
n = int(input("Enter the value of n: "))
sum = 0
for i in range(1, n + 1):
for j in range(1, i + 1):
sum += j
print("The sum of the series is:", sum)
Output
Enter the value of n: 4
The sum of the series is: 20
Question 21(a)
WAP to print the following pattern:
*
* *
* * *
* * * *
* * * * *
Solution
n = 5
for i in range(1, n + 1):
for j in range(i):
print("* ", end="")
print()
Output
*
* *
* * *
* * * *
* * * * *
Question 21(b)
WAP to print the following pattern:
A
B B
C C C
D D D D
E E E E E
Solution
n = 5
for i in range(n):
for j in range(i + 1):
print(chr(65 + i), end=" ")
print()
Output
A
B B
C C C
D D D D
E E E E E
Question 21(c)
WAP to print the following pattern:
1
2 1
3 2 1
4 3 2 1
5 4 3 2 1
Solution
n = 5
for i in range(1, n + 1):
for j in range(i, 0, -1):
print(j, end=" ")
print()
Output
1
2 1
3 2 1
4 3 2 1
5 4 3 2 1
