DISPLAY BOARDS:

Introduction: -
Display is an organized visual arrangement of learning materials on a vertical or horizontal surface
and is usually designed to present significant information on a given topic. Bulletin board, flannel
board, pocket board, peg board, hook and loop board, magnetic board and blackboard come under
the general head of display boards.
The material for display can be drawn, painted or collected from book resources. The only
requirement for the display material to be effective is that it should be eye-catching, colorful and
purposeful. Also, the arrangement of the instructional material on the display board requires a bit
of resourcefulness on the part of the teacher and a sense of design.
Types of display boards:
Blackboard:
Blackboard and a piece of chalk prove very helpful in illustrating concepts and ideas to the
students. It is a smooth surface upon which words or illustrations can be written or drawn by means
of chalk. It is the oldest and best friend of a teacher. It is the mirror through which students visualize
all about the teacher's mind regarding the lesson in hand. his way of explaining, illustrating and
teaching as a whole. They are of various types - fixed blackboard black board on easel, roller
blackboard, graphic board, magnetic board, etc.
Bulletin board:
According to Good's dictionary of education, a bulletin board is, 'a board to which can be fastened
pictures or other materials that are intended for display. It is a board of soft wood or cork. It displays
bulletins, announcements, records, news items. newspaper cuttings, illustrations, achievements,
etc.
Flannel board (felt board):
It is a wooden board on which flannel is fixed like cloth of any color. The different flash cards on
the back which flannel is fixed can be placed on the flannel board. It is really a very useful, versatile
and existing aid.
Pocket board:
It is a wooden board on which pockets are made with about 1½ inch wide cloth wrapped from one
corner to the parallel to the base of the board. The pockets so formed are the purpose of holding
the flash cards.
Magnetic boards: It is a display board made up of milky glass sheet. There are four magnet
strips spread over length-wise iron letters from the material to be displayed. If tube lights are fixed
at the back of the glass, the material will be visible even at night.
Principles of Display boards:
Display boards are used to present information clearly and attractively in various settings such as
classrooms, exhibitions, offices, and conferences. The principles of effective display boards
include the following:
Clarity:
• Keep it simple and focused.
• Use clear headings, legible fonts, and concise language.
• Avoid overcrowding; leave enough space between elements.
Visual Appeal:
• Use colors, images, charts, and graphics to enhance interest.
• Maintain balance and symmetry in layout.
• Ensure good contrast between text and background.
Relevance:
• All content should be related to the topic or theme.
• Include only necessary and informative material—avoid filler or unrelated visuals.
Organization:
• Information should follow a logical order (e.g., left to right, top to bottom).
• Use headings, subheadings, and bullet points to guide viewers.
• Consider using sections for different ideas or parts of a project.
Readability:
• Use large enough fonts (especially for headings and key information).
• Prefer simple fonts like Arial, Calibri, or Times New Roman.
• Text should be easy to read from a reasonable viewing distance.
Accuracy:
• Ensure all information is factually correct and free from spelling or grammar errors.
• Double-check any data, graphs, or figures included.
Engagement:
• Include interactive or thought-provoking elements where possible (e.g., questions, QR
codes).
• Try to draw viewers in with an interesting title or visual hook.
Durability and Neatness:
• Use quality materials that won’t easily tear or fade.
 • Keep the board clean and neat—avoid wrinkles, crooked text, or poorly cut materials.
Educational significance: -
• They help to present visual ideas and concepts and help to develop creative activities
among students.
• They display a wide variety of materials like outlines, directions, definitions, keywords,
daily assignments etc. which are quite helpful for the learners in order to broaden their
vision.
• They are helped in better and clear understanding and promote permanent retention by
means of illustrations and sketches.
• They are not only useful for teaching-learning process but also brighten the school.
• They are economical in terms of time and energy.
• They are useful in terms of spellings, reading in English, formation of sentences, picture
composition etc.
• They are useful for promoting artistic tastes of the students.
CHALKBOARD/BLACKBOARD: -
▪ Blackboard is any dark-colored, flat, smooth surface on which one can write or draw with
a chalk. It is one of the oldest and simplest visual aids. A chalkboard is also known as a
blackboard that is a dark-coloured writing surface especially black or green in colour
used for classroom teaching by writing or drawing illustrations using sticks of chalks.
▪ Originally, chalkboards were prepared using smooth, thin sheets of slate or stone of black
or dark grey colour. However, in the new era, green-coloured blackboards are becoming
more popular because of their better compatibility viewers' vision.
▪ It is so much a part of the learning environment that it has become a symbol of education
itself. It does not provide ready-made materials: the teacher makes his own meaning as he
uses it.
▪ It is not only a universally available media of visual instruction but also one of the most
valuable devices. A chalk-board is generally installed facing the class which is either built
into the wall or fixed or framed on the wall with a ledge to keep the chalk stick and
duster.
The easily available chalkboard is the most commonly used visual aid in everyday teaching. It is
always available, requires no special talent or equipment, alterations and amendments are easily
made, and it is versatile, being adaptable to the requirement of all subjects.
 Pic: Chalkboard
Basic characteristics of chalkboard:
The recommended size of chalkboard is 5 x 6 m. For effective use of the chalkboard, the
following characteristics should be considered:
a) Surface should be rough enough to hold the chalk particles used for writing on the board.
b) Surface should be dull enough to eliminate the glare that hampers the visibility of the
writing board.
c) Surface should be such that chalk can be easily removed with a cloth or foam duster.
d) Surface should be mounted on appropriate height within the reach of teacher and
visibility of students.
Purposes of chalk board:
The main purposes of the blackboard are as follows:
1) Concrete and understandable: It makes group instruction more concrete and
understandable.
2) Neatness, accuracy and speed: It can set standards of neatness, accuracy and speed, if
used properly.
3) Attention of the group: It can restore the attention of the group.
4) Avoiding many vague statements: It helps in avoiding many vague statements that can
be clarified by drawing sketches, outlines, diagrams, directions and summaries.
5) Aural and visual sensations: It initiates aural and visual sensations and helps in learning.
6) Motivation and interest: It can be a means of motivation and interest.
7) Recording the progress and status: It can be used for recording the progress and status.
8) Educational opportunities: It provides many educational opportunities in all curricular
and cocurricular activities. The teacher can present facts, principles, processes, procedures,
assign individual responsibilities, write ques ous, problems, sources and references,
summaries, outlines, directions, practice individual drills or orative work, make graphic
demonstrations, screen for still pictures, projections, symbolic representations and review
the total lesson and announcements.
 9) State questions, cite examples: It can be used to state questions, cite examples of work
desired, pose problems and list sources for study.
10) Providing opportunity for nursing students: It helps in illustrating forms of charting and
providing opportunity for nursing students to practice charting.
11) Clarifying abstract statements: It helps in clarifying abstract statements at the exposition
stage and providing a summary containing the salient features at recapitulation stage.
12) Creative and decorative work: It provides a lot of scope for creative and decorative work.
13) Starting afresh: It helps in starting afresh by erasing writings and drawings.
Use of chalkboard
• The chalkboard is an excellent supplement to other aids. The lesson can be summarized in
the right manner with the help of the board. The teacher can illustrate his lesson on the
blackboard and draw attention of the class to salient features in the lesson.
• Facts, ideas and processes can often be illustrated with the help of drawing, sketches and
other visual symbols.
• The outstanding feature of chalkboard is that it allows for spontaneity in the classroom.
New ideas or solutions to problems can be jotted down as they are mentioned. If students
are suddenly confused about something, the point can be illustrated on the board.
• When students cannot visualize an object, it can be quickly sketched. Chalkboards are
especially useful for working out the mathematical problems, for outlining the materials to
be taught in the class and for having several students placing their ideas on the board at the
same time.
Types of Chalk boards:
Blackboards can be fixed or portable and can be made of wood, slate, glass, magnetic materials of
sun The main types of boards are as follows:
1) Ordinary chalkboard held by an easel:
A portable and adjustable blackboard put on a wooden we can be taken out of the classroom
while taking the class in open, useful for teaching art ts in a small class.
2) Roller type chalkboard with mat surface:
This type of chalkboard is very common in secondary, dern and infant schools. It is made
of a thick canvas wrapped on a roller.
3) Magnetic board:
These boards are made up of PVC materials/sun mica. Small magnets are used to suitable
objects fixed whenever they are put on this vertical surface. The teachers can make e-
dimensional demonstrations with objects on a vertical surface.
4) Black ceramic unbreakable board:
These are framed with aluminium or wooden frames as per purement and chalk is used as
writing material.
5) Back or green glass chalkboard:
It is the same as the black ceramic unbreakable board but the boards are black/green in
colour and made up of glass.
6) Lobby stand board:
A light weight board where the alphabets/figures are interchangeable and mainly und in
lobbies. It is easy to carry and has a stand height of 6 feet.
 7) Exhibition board:
It is easily foldable and expandable and both sides are useable. It is available in panel. 3
panel and 4 panel where pamphlets and papers can be fixed with pushpins.
8) Double-side stand board:
In this type of board, one side is whiteboard that is used for marker writing. The other side
is blackboard and is used for chalk-piece writing. It is easily moveable and fixed on wheel
stand.
9) Reception board:
It is generally used at the reception counters in the corporate sector, hotels, restaurants,
Golden letters are fixed and usually framed by golden coloured aluminium material.
10) Tariff board:
It is used at reception counters as a welcome to delegates, at weddings or at hotels to show
price lists.
11) Paging board:
These are widely used as welcome boards for contacting people at airports.
12) Pressing graph perforated board:
These perforated boards are commonly used in schools, colleges corporate offices,
hospitals and hotels to display essential information. The boards have either a ver tical or
horizontal display and have perforations where plastic or metallic alphabets and/or
numbers are deployed. The usual size of these letters or numbers used for display on these
boards range between and 1½ inches.
13) Write and wipe off whiteboard:
A whiteboard (also known by the terms marker board, dry-crase board, dry-wipe board,
pen-board and the misnomer grease board) is a name for any glossy, usually white surface
for nonpermanent markings. Whiteboards are analogous to chalkboards, allowing rapid
marking and erasing of markings on their surface.
14) Information notice board:
Notice boards and pin boards fit nicely into any office environment where they are suitable
and are used for posting notices, timetables and other information relating to company
news and events. Notices are attached to the boards by pins so that they can be easily posted
and removed. Notice boards and pin boards are also ideal for meetings and conferences for
the same reason that it is quick and easy to display information and im-ages. Notice boards
can be used, for instance, for qualitative research purposes such as focus groups and
workshops where images can be arranged quickly for brainstorming and image testing.
Principles for preparing chalkboard:
▪ A blackboard is generally prepared with a piece of plywood about 30 × 40 inch size and
painted with blackboard paint.
▪ To carry from one place to another, it is made in two pieces and hinged in the middle.
▪ When writing on a blackboard, the teacher should stand on the side and not in front.
▪ The teacher should not turn his back to the audience for a long time.
▪ The teacher should write the letters and drawings in a large size.
▪ The teacher should avoid spelling mistakes.
▪ Writing should be in straight rows.
▪ The extreme lower corner of the blackboard should not be used as all members cannot see
it.
 ▪ The teacher should avoid filling the board with words or figures.
▪ If the teacher has to write many things or make complicated drawings, he/she should write
or draw in advance to save time.
▪ Abbreviations should not be used.
▪ Coloured chalks should be used to enhance attraction and clarity in understanding.
▪ The board should not be cleaned with hands; proper eraser should be used in an up and
down motion.
▪ Before leaving the class, the teacher should make sure the blackboard is clean.
Calnan and Barabas have given ten suggestions for the effective use of
blackboard:
1) Practice drawing with the chalk. Do not hold the chalk too far from the writing point, it
may break. Thus, hold it near its writing tip and learn to draw firm lines for the broader
line, and for shading, break the chalk and use the broadside of the broken piece.
2) Practice drawing in the size large enough to be seen from the far end of the lecture hall.
Teacher must check for visibility and legibility; use the whole surface of chalkboard for
the same.
3) Learn to draw without turning your back towards the audience, so stand sideways and from
time to time face the audience. Never talk to the chalk board; if you face it for drawing
some part, keep silent and explain what you have drawn later to the audience after facing
them.
4) Plan your whole lecture from the outset with illustrations. Start by drawing them on a piece
of a paper while reciting the script of the lecture. You can thus integrate the visual and
verbal components at an early stage in planning your talk.
5) For complicated diagrams use several sequential drawings of the same subject, adding
different details in each diagram.
6) Draw complicated diagrams or better still half diagrams before the lecture, but do not
display them before referring them. If sliding boards are available, they would be very
handy; draw the diagram on the posterior board that would then be hidden by the anterior
board till you need it. Complete the drawing in front of the audience by labeling and adding
important finishing lines. Erase the drawing once it loses its relevance.
7) Tables and charts are extremely easy to draw, but Teacher must explain and label them.
Allow sufficient time for audience to assimilate, and if they want to copy it. Do not try to
create three-dimensional effects to illustrate special relationships. Use several drawings
made from different angles. This is the simplest and least ambiguous method.
8) Use firm, clear, and bold lines; letters and figures should be at least two and half inch high
as to be seen from thirty feet, simple outline is more effective than complex details.
9) Use colors with purpose, and stick to the same colors consistently throughout the lecture,
e.g., use red for arteries, blue for veins, yellow for nerves, and brown for muscles for
anatomical diagrams. Wise use of colors makes illustrations command attention and makes
for effective emphasis and contrast.
10) Speak while you are drawing. Whitwam (1970) wrote 'there is no point in spending
valuable time drawing a diagram and then turning to the audience (now restless or asleep)
and presenting the completed drawing as if showing a slide. If necessary, you may draw
the whole diagram before the lecture and then show it at appropriate time.
Guidelines for the effective use of chalkboard: -
• Plan the use of chalkboard and everything needed for using the chalkboard should be kept
ready before the class begins, i.e. collection of chalk, duster, etc.
• It should be ensured that chalkboard is well lit by natural or artificial means.
• Clean the chalkboard completely before starting the class. A clean board reflects the clarity
of teacher's mind and avoids distraction to students. Also ensure glare free visibility of the
written word to all the students.
• Write on the board according to a pre-decided plan. You can divide the board into two or
three parts by drawing vertical lines. Writing should be started from the top left corner. The
right part is good for writing the headings so that a revision can be held towards the end. If
there is a chequered part of the board, use it for drawing graphs. Decide to write less and
explain more.
• Keywords written legibly may convey more than illegible verbalisms. Never use
abbreviation which is not standard.
• Always use running handwriting with the keywords in capital letters. Do not overwrite on
the letters. Writing should be in straight rows. Write only on the upper two-thirds of the
board because students often have difficulty in seeing the bottom of the board. Diagrams
and pictures can be sketched before class.
• Doing so, not only saves time but also permits the teacher to draw a neater sketch than
might be produced under pressure and eyes of the students. If the teacher wishes to draw
the picture while the students are watching, she can at least put in some faint chalk lines
before class to guide her during the actual drawing. Colored chalks helps make drawing
more interesting and can be used to highlight important points.
• Do not speak to the chalkboard. Keep turning back and forth; speak to the students while
writing on the board.
• Do not crowd the chalkboard with too much matter. A few important points make a vivid
impression. Stand clear of the written word. Do not hide what you write. Allow the students
to see the board uninterrupted.
• Plan you rubbing off sequence. Rub off a section of the board and write there. Then rub the
rest of it, duster and should be used for rubbing.
• Hold the chalk between thumb and fingers. Break off a little piece to avoid squeaking while
writing. Use colored chalks in order to distinguish some parts and to highlight some
components of the visual on the board.
• Occasionally students may be asked to write of draw diagrams on the chalkboard.
• It should be ensured that the blackboard is periodically serviced.

Merits of chalkboard: -
Chalkboard offers a number of merits over other audiovisual aids. Its affordability, versatility,
usability and common availability are highly appreciated.
 • Availability: Most areas assigned for instruction are equipped with chalkboards. Also, if
more board space is needed portable boards of various types and styles are handy.
• The chalkboard is inexpensive, especially when de usable life of the board is considered.
• It is flexible in use in the sense that instructors may it; learners may use it and changes can
be easily made through eraser.
• Space: Lots of writing space is usually provided.
• The chalkboard can be used to present more formal prepared lessons, or for informal,
spontaneous session Ideas can be dealt with at all levels from facts to concepts, from
cognitive to affective learning.
• Various colored chalk or pens can be used to develop the topic, show parts or build
associations.
• A point-by-point outline of a presentation can be made on the spot with diagrams, charts,
and other accentuation drawn at the appropriate moment.
• The visual communication of the chalkboard directs attention of the class to the purposes
of the lecture or discussion.
• Ideas or topics suggested in discussion can be listed on the board, reorganized, deleted,
added to, and put in final form.
• Test or discussion questions can be put on the board and covered up before the class
assembles, then revealed the appropriate time. This can save on time and cost of duplication
materials.
• A number of learners can do practice or drill work on the board at one time, allowing the
instructor to give feedback immediately.

Other merits of chalkboard: -

• It is simple to use with little practice.
• Electricity is not must for using the blackboard.
• It is economical and reusable.
• It can be put to wide and varied uses.
• Sequential development of the content can be done effectively.
• Pupils' interest in class work can be stimulated.
• It can be used indoor and outdoor.
• Provides a lot of space for decorative and creative work.
• Teacher can review whole lesson for the benefit of students with the help of the chalkboard.
• Mistakes can be rubbed off and corrected instantly.
• Charts can be hung on the board.
• It allows for spontaneity in the classroom.

Disadvantages or limitations:
 • The chalkboard carries with it 'temporariness. Material put on the board cannot be saved
or made permanent.
• Chalkboards are often fixed in such a way that they are not always at a comfortable height
for all potential users.
• Being fixed, chalkboards can put restrictions on the use of classroom space and classroom
space and classroom activities as learners need to be placed where they can see the boards.
• Problems can arise for learners who have vision impairments.
• with age, use of certain types of chalk, and/or improper cleaning practices, boards can
become 'cloudy as they retain chalk dust.
• Some instructors are psyched-out of using the board because they feel a lack of artistic
ability.
• Motion cannot be easily shown.
• A teacher's handwriting or spelling deficiencies are most obvious when using the
chalkboard.
• Chalkboard work can be messy.
Application: -
• Be prepared. See that the chalkboard and erasers are properly cleaned and maintained.
• Ensure that chalk is available in sufficient quantity, learners get very tired of watching
instructors search constantly during class for a piece of chalk (or eraser).
• Plan what you are going to write on the board:
• Keep writing to a minimum by using key words or conceptual diagrams; and Plan what
you are going to write on the board:
• Keep writing to a minimum by using key words or conceptual diagrams; and
• Develop topics by using the board from left to right and top to bottom.
• Keep writing:
▪ Neat
▪ Large, heavy and high enough to be visible by all
▪ Brief
▪ Specific.
• Practice writing and/or printing in a straight line.
• Use yellow chalk on a green board, white on a black board, etc.
• Learn to stand and/or move around so you do not block the view of learners as you use the
board.
• Put the chalk down when you have finished. This reduces the chances for distraction caused
by playing with the chalk.
• Use the eraser to remove errors or make changes. Using your hands only smears the chalk
and may deposit oil on the board, which can serve as a dust collector.
• In erasing the board, use a down-sweep erasing motion. Erasing the board with a side-to-
side motion only enables the learners to observe (from a most unflattering angle) the
 instructor doing something resembling the 'Twist. It also causes chalk- dust particles to fly
into the air instead of into the collector tray.
• When you are thorough with the material, erase it completely so that it will not serve as a
distraction while the next topic is being considered.
• Intersperse writing on the board with questions or verbal emphasis. Keep the class aware
of what is being put on the board and why.
• If in If important drawings or maps are needed on the board, an instructor is wise to save
time by:
• Doing them before class, and
• Copying a projection on the board (from a filmstrip, slide, or opaque projector) rather than
'free-handling' it.
• Chalkboard etiquette: If someone will be using the board after you, please do not leave
it for him/her to erase. It is nice to clean the eraser against the board as well.

Uses of Chalkboard in Nursing Education:

1. Lecture and Theory Explanation
• Used to explain complex medical concepts like anatomy, physiology, and disease
processes.
• Facilitates step-by-step demonstrations, such as drug calculations or nursing procedures.
2. Diagrammatic Illustrations
• Allows drawing of diagrams (e.g., body systems, wound types, nursing charts).
• Visual aids support better retention and understanding.
3. Interactive Teaching
• Encourages student participation—students can come to the board to answer questions or
draw.
• Promotes discussion and feedback during lessons.
4. Demonstrating Nursing Procedures
• Steps of procedures (e.g., wound dressing, IV insertion) can be outlined clearly on the
board.
• Serves as a visual checklist while demonstrating skills.
5. Planning and Scheduling
• Can be used to display daily objectives, class schedules, or assignments.
6. Quick Notes and Emphasis
• Important points, key terms, and reminders can be written during class for emphasis and
reinforcement.
 BULLETIN BOARD
Introduction:
A bulletin board display is one of the inexpensive instructional devices for teaching. The bulletin
board is a kind of display board, which can be adapted to every teaching process, tutorial lecture
assignment, or group work. It functions as a notice board too.
A bulletin board is a display board that shows the visual learning material on a specific subject. It
is a soft board that holds pins or tags. It is a simple device placed either indoors or outdoors items
like photographs, publications, posters, newspaper cut-outs are generally displayed.
A bulletin board also known as a pin board or a notice board is a place where people can display
public messages for example, to advertise things, to buy or sell, announce events or provide
information. Dormitory corridors, well-trafficked hallways, lobbies and freestanding kiosks often
have cork boards attached to facilitate the posting of notices. At some universities, lamp posts,
posting sites in areas where official sparse in number.
The items that can be displayed on the bulletin boards are photographs, CD covers, book jackets,
news stories, sketches, newspaper and magazine clippings, drawings, cartoons, specimens, real
objects, posters, poems, greeting cards, thoughts and even jokes.
It is a soft board, which will hold pins or tags. Cork, beaverboard are suitable material for Bulletin
board. Cork furnishes the most durable background but is expensive. Beaverboard is inexpensive
substitute for cork but shows thumb tack marks. Generally, bulletin boards have a blue blazer cloth
to work as the back-up and most recommended size is 1.5 m x 2 m.

Definition:
Bulletin board is a simple device placed either indoor or outdoor, kept in a suitable place, for the
display of all kinds of creative work of the students. The items generally used in bulletin board
are: photographs, cut-out, illustrations, publications, drawings, specimens, posters, newspapers,
pasting up of announcements, assignments, distinctions, achievements.

Basic characteristics of bulletin boards

• They can be framed soft boards or straw boards or cork boards.
• Their size depends on the purpose.
• Dark blazer cloth works as a back drop.
• The height should be one meter above the ground.
 Pic: Bulletin Board
Principles for preparing and using bulletin boards:-
• Thumbnail sketches: Make several and then select one.
• Procurement of material on a given subject.
• Sorting out relevant material.
• Decide on a theme: Words should catch attention of viewers.
• Use of attention-directing devices.
• Should be displayed in an aesthetic manner and the area should be well lighted.
• Should be kept a little above eye level.
• Place the bulletin board near the doorway.
• The content of a bulletin board should be organized around a central theme.
• Title of the topic must be fixed at the top and the material placed should be appropriately
dated and revised from time to time.
• The material should be organized properly by dividing the board, overcrowding of content
must be avoided.
• The board must have a neat, ordered and attractive appearance.
• Give due thoughts to eye catching leads.
• Make special reference during course of study.
• Students can be asked to collect display material.
• The content on the board should be changed regularly.
• There should be a separate board for posting routine notices of the institution.
• A bulletin board committee is responsible for editing the board from time to time.
• Do not leave the board for long after the teaching purpose is over.
• Take down displays from the board, return the borrowed items and file useful material.
Uses of bulletin board:
 • To communicate the ideas.
• To describe the ways of doing a particular item.
• To follow up instructions on things demonstrated and emphasized.
• Photographs to show local activities. (For important local announcement)
• To motivate the learner.
• To present the ideas of many individuals and localities,
• when the material is gathered from a variety of sources.
• To add variety to the classroom activity.
• To provide information.
• To supplement and correlate instruction. It saves time. Le, material that cannot be presented
during the class hours, nevertheless can be on a bulletin board.
Principles in the use of bulletin board:
1) A board of posting notices should be kept separate from those for current events and study.
Plan for placement of bulletin board is to have:
• Near the educational administrator's office.
• Near the library or study room for material in relation to study,
• In the conference hall or main wards.
• In the classroom
2) The contents of the boards should be organized around a central theme of content and
materials should be dated,
3) The appearance must be neat, orderly, and attractive.
4) The material should be changed frequently and systematically to encourage interest.
5) A bulletin board committee should be appointed: they are responsible to provide material,
and responsibility for editing the board should be placed on one person.
6) Crowding of display material should be avoided.
7) On the top center of the bulletin board fix a title for the specific subject of the display
material.
8) Below the title fix a brief description about the specific subject or topic.
9) While teaching, make references to the material displayed on the bulletin board.
10) Keep the interest of students alive by involving them in the collection of material for the
bulletin board.
11) The height of the bulletin board should be one meter above the ground.
12) The area where the bulletin board is fixed or placed should be well-lighted.
Types of bulletin board:
There are several types of bulletin boards that can be used, depending on the purpose as well as
money available.
1) Fixed type: Can be attached to the wall.
2) Movable type: Unattached and sufficiently light weight to be transported easily from room
to room.
3) Folding type: As the name implies it is composed of several faces like a book.
4) Wire bulletin board: By presenting news in both topical and in-depth styles.
Advantages of bulletin board:
 • Bulletin boards work as a good supplement to normal classroom teaching.
• It will create interest in students.
• Its display can be effectively used as follow up of chalkboard work.
• Bulletin board add color and liveliness to the class they have decorative value along with
educational value.
• Bulletin board displays can be used to introduce and as well to review it.
Limitations of bulletin board:
• Not be used for all-inclusive teaching: bulletin boards have to be used as a supplementary
aid to other teaching aids.
• The collection of relevant material, certain specific topics may be difficult.
Uses of Bulletin Boards in Nursing:
1. Health Education
• Display information about diseases, prevention, hygiene, or nutrition.
• Used to raise awareness on public health topics (e.g., immunization drives, handwashing
campaigns, breastfeeding week).
2. Nursing Education
• Share educational materials like charts, diagrams, anatomy posters, or nursing procedures.
• Useful for reinforcing classroom teaching through visual aids.
3. Announcements & Communication
• Post important notices, exam schedules, clinical rotations, and events.
• Keeps students and staff updated on changes or new policies.
4. Student Projects & Displays
• Showcase students' work, posters, and group projects.
• Encourages creativity and peer learning.
5. Motivation and Inspiration
• Include motivational quotes, success stories, or nursing heroes to inspire students.
• Can highlight achievements of students or staff.
6. Thematic or Seasonal Boards
• Change content based on health observances (e.g., World AIDS Day, Nurses Week).
• Keeps the learning environment fresh and engaging.
 FLANNEL BOARD:
It is also known as Felt Board. A flannel board is display board made of wood, cardboard or straw
board covered colored flannel or woolen cloth. Display material like the cutouts, pictures,
drawings and light objects backed with rough surfaces like sand paper, strips, flannel strips, etc.
will stick to the flannel temporarily. The sand paperbacked display material can be detached easily
and replaced with new relevant material as the lesson progresses.
A flannel board of 1 x 1.5 m is most widely used. It can be fixed next to the chalkboard or can be
placed on a stand abo one meter above the ground.

Pic: Flannel board

Preparing flannel board: -
• The following articles and steps are required for preparing the flannel board:
Articles required:
• A piece of plywood, cardboard or poster board
• A piece of flannel large enough to cover the board
• A pair of scissors
• Duct tape (or a staple gun or upholstery tacks if using a plywood)
• Felt squares to make shapes and other cut-outs
Preparation procedure:
• Wrap the piece of flannel around the board you have chosen.
• Secure all edges around the back side with the duct tape, staples or tacks.
• The items to be displayed should also be pasted with the same flannel on back side which
keeps it adherent to the board without visible support.
Purposes of a flannel board:
 • The purposes of using flannel boards are given below:
• They can be used throughout the discussion whenever the needed item can be placed and
explained on (if the purpose is served the item has to be removed).
• They help improve the visual artefact of the written content or illustrations to a large group
of learners.
• They also facilitate the illustrative presentation of written content for easy understanding.
• Their use facilitate the auditory, visual and kinesthetic learning.
• Auditory: The learners can hear the content displayed on the board read by someone.
• Visual: The learners can visualize the displayed content on the flannel board.
• Kinesthetic: They also can display pieces of information on the board.
• They are generally used as a bridge between the books and in story time programmes.
• They add variety to the storyline.
• They help communicate the idea in an effective manner.
• They describe the way of doing a particular item.
• They motivate the learner.
• They add variety to classroom activity.
• They intensify the impressions and vitalize the instructions.
• They provide information.
• They supplement and correlate information, so saves time.
Using a flannel board:
Some of the points to be kept in mind while using flannel board:
• Collect pictures, light objects or make cutouts and back them with sand paper pieces.
• Display the material on the flannel board in a sequence to develop the lesson.
• Change the pictures or cutouts as you talk to the students.
• Use flannel board to create proper scenes and design a relevant to the lesson.
• Many good teachers and educators have used flannel board in the following teaching
situations.
• For telling a story, the teacher adheres the picture on the flannel board along with a
commentary or description
• For letter recognition and work formation during language teaching in primary classes.
This is done by cutting out big letters from chart paper and backing them with sand-paper
strips.
• For recognition and recall testing, appropriate pictures can be used for teaching different
subject.
• For teaching elementary lessons on numbers, a flannel board can be used effectively.
• For playing interesting and educative zig-zag saw puzzles, a flannel board can be quite
useful.
• For showing interrelationship between different parts or steps of a process, a flannel board
can be used effectively, e.g., nursing procedure.
Advantages of flannel board:
• Flannel board displays hold the interest of students and arrest their attention.
 • The provision of sequential change of material on flannel board provides continuity in
lesson development.
• The quickness and ease with which the display material can be changed on a flannel board
without use of drawing pins or paste make it a most desirable and convenient display board.
• Flannel board enables teachers to talk along with changing illustrations to develop a lesson.
• The changing of pictures on the flannel board is able to kindle enthusiasm and interest of
the teachers as well as students.
Guidelines for using a flannel board:
• Collect pictures, light objects or make cut-outs and back them with sand paper pieces.
• Display the material on the flannel board in a sequence to develop the lesson.
• Change the pictures or cut-outs as you talk to the students.
• Use the flannel board to create proper scenes and designs relevant to the lesson.
• Avoid overcrowding on the board.
Limitations:
• It cannot be used for all-inclusive teaching and have to be used as a supplementary aid to
other teaching aids.
• Only selective materials are displayed like pictures, cutouts and drawings.
Flannel Boards are Used in Nursing:
1) Patient Education: Flannel boards can be used to explain complex medical procedures,
disease processes, or medication mechanisms in a simplified, visual way.
2) Demonstrations: They can help demonstrate disease progression, wound healing, or the
correct way to administer medication.
3) Storytelling: Flannel boards can be used to create engaging stories to teach children about
health topics or to explain concepts to patients.
4) Nursing Education: In nursing schools, flannel boards can be used to teach students about
various topics, such as anatomy, physiology, and clinical skills.
5) Multi-Sensory Learning: The tactile nature of manipulating the pieces can enhance
learning and memory by engaging multiple senses.